CN118168182A - Pressure wave generator - Google Patents
Pressure wave generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN118168182A CN118168182A CN202211575228.4A CN202211575228A CN118168182A CN 118168182 A CN118168182 A CN 118168182A CN 202211575228 A CN202211575228 A CN 202211575228A CN 118168182 A CN118168182 A CN 118168182A
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure wave generating equipment, and provides a pressure wave generating device, which comprises: a resonator tube, a stack of thermoacoustic plates, a heater and a cooler; the resonance tube is filled with liquid working medium, and is provided with a pressurizing port and a pressure wave output surface, wherein the pressurizing port is used for being connected with pressurizing equipment; the thermoacoustic plate is overlapped in the resonance tube; the heater is arranged at one end of the thermoacoustic plate stack, and the cooler is arranged at the other end of the thermoacoustic plate stack; according to the invention, the liquid working medium with smaller isothermal compression rate is filled in the resonance tube, so that the output pressure amplitude is increased, a moving part is not required, the structure is simple, and the service life is long.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure wave generating equipment, in particular to a pressure wave generating device.
Background
Pressure wave generators find application in a variety of fields, for example, in electrically driven regenerative refrigerators such as Stirling refrigerators, pulse tube refrigerators and thermo-acoustic refrigerators, where they are required to be driven.
The working principle of the existing pressure wave generator is to generate pressure waves with certain frequency by utilizing the reciprocating motion of a piston in a cylinder, and the pressure wave generator is complex in structure, low in reliability and small in pressure amplitude because of moving parts, and is difficult to meet the driving requirement of equipment with high pressure amplitude.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pressure wave generator which is used for solving or improving the problems of complex structure and small generated pressure amplitude of the existing pressure wave generator.
The present invention provides a pressure wave generating device comprising: a resonator tube, a stack of thermoacoustic plates, a heater and a cooler; the resonant tube is filled with liquid working medium, and is provided with a pressurizing port and a pressure wave output surface, wherein the pressurizing port is used for being connected with pressurizing equipment; the thermoacoustic panel is overlapped in the resonance tube; the heater is arranged at one end of the thermoacoustic panel stack; the cooler is arranged at the other end of the thermoacoustic panel stack.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the liquid working medium comprises any one of liquid sodium, mercury and propylene.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the resonance tube comprises a standing wave resonance tube; the heater, the thermoacoustic panel stack and the cooler are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube, the standing wave resonance tube is provided with a first port and a second port which are opposite to each other along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube, and the heater, the thermoacoustic panel stack and the cooler are arranged close to the first port or the second port; in the case where the heater, the stack of thermoacoustic plates, and the cooler are disposed proximate to the first port, a distance between the heater and the first port is less than a distance between the cooler and the first port; in the case where the heater, the stack of thermoacoustic plates, and the cooler are disposed proximate to the second port, a distance between the heater and the second port is less than a distance between the cooler and the second port.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the pressurizing opening and the pressure wave output surface are arranged at the same end of the standing wave resonance tube along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube, or the pressurizing opening and the pressure wave output surface are respectively arranged at two ends of the standing wave resonance tube along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the resonance tube comprises a traveling wave resonance tube; the traveling wave resonance tube is annular, the perimeter of the traveling wave resonance tube is equal to the wavelength of one sound wave, and a phase modulation tube section is arranged on the traveling wave resonance tube.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the phase modulation pipe section comprises the capacitive pipe, the cross section area of the capacitive pipe is larger than that of the traveling wave resonance pipe, and the distance between the capacitive pipe and the thermoacoustic panel stack along the axial direction of the traveling wave resonance pipe is equal to one quarter of the wavelength of the sound wave.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the phase modulation pipe section comprises the resistive pipe, the cross section area of the resistive pipe is smaller than that of the traveling wave resonance pipe, and the distance between the resistive pipe and the thermoacoustic panel stack along the axial direction of the traveling wave resonance pipe is equal to one half of the wavelength of the sound wave.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the resonance tube comprises a line standing wave resonance tube; the line standing wave resonance tube comprises a first tube section and a second tube section, wherein the first tube section is annular, the second tube section is linear, and the heater, the thermoacoustic plate stack and the cooler are arranged in the first tube section.
According to the pressure wave generating device provided by the invention, the thermoacoustic panel stack is provided with a plurality of flow channels, the flow channels are mutually parallel, and the flow channels extend along the axial direction of the resonance tube.
According to the present invention there is provided a pressure wave generating device, the stack of thermoacoustic panels comprising a porous foam or stacked wire mesh.
The pressure wave generating device provided by the invention uses liquid as working medium, and realizes the output of pressure waves at the pressure wave output surface by utilizing the thermo-acoustic effect; when pressure waves are required to be generated, the pressurizing equipment pressurizes the inside of the resonance tube through the pressurizing port, so that the liquid working medium is pressurized, the heater and the cooler are started, a temperature gradient is formed in the liquid working medium in the thermoacoustic panel stack, when the temperature gradient exceeds a vibration starting critical value, the liquid working medium can oscillate, and the formed pressure waves are output by the pressure wave output surface; compared with a gas working medium, the isothermal compression rate of the liquid working medium is far lower than that of the gas working medium, so that the pressure amplitude which is far greater than that of the gas working medium can be obtained under certain sound power output, the corresponding speed amplitude is also far smaller than that of the gas working medium, the sound power flow rate of tens of watts can be accompanied with the pressure amplitude of a plurality of megapascals, and the pressure wave generated by the conventional moving part is generally below 1 megapascal.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure wave generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a pressure wave generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of a pressure wave generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pressure wave generator according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pressure wave generator according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a resonance tube; 11: a standing wave resonator tube; 12: a traveling wave resonator; 13: a line standing wave resonator; 131: a first pipe section; 132: a second pipe section; 2: a stack of thermoacoustic panels; 3: a heater; 4: a cooler; 5: a pressurizing port; 6: a pressure wave output face; 71: a capacitive tube; 72: a resistive tube.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
A pressure wave generating apparatus provided by the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the pressure wave generating apparatus according to the present embodiment includes: resonator tube 1, thermoacoustic panel stack 2, heater 3 and cooler 4.
The resonance tube 1 is filled with liquid working medium, the resonance tube 1 is provided with a pressurizing port 5 and a pressure wave output surface 6, and the pressurizing port 5 is used for being connected with pressurizing equipment; the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 is arranged in the resonance tube 1; the heater 3 is provided at one end of the thermoacoustic panel stack 2, and the cooler 3 is provided at the other end of the thermoacoustic panel stack 2.
Specifically, the pressure wave generating device shown in the present embodiment uses liquid as a working medium, and utilizes thermo-acoustic effect to realize output of pressure waves at the pressure wave output surface 6; when pressure waves are required to be generated, the pressurizing equipment pressurizes the inside of the resonance tube 1 through the pressurizing port 5, so that liquid working media are pressurized, the heater 3 and the cooler 4 are started, a temperature gradient is formed in the liquid working media in the thermoacoustic panel stack 2, when the temperature gradient exceeds a vibration starting critical value, the liquid working media can oscillate, and the formed pressure waves are output through the pressure wave output surface 6; compared with a gas working medium, the isothermal compression rate of the liquid working medium is far lower than that of the gas working medium, so that the pressure amplitude which is far greater than that of the gas working medium can be obtained under certain acoustic power output, the corresponding speed amplitude is also far smaller than that of the gas working medium, the acoustic power flow rate of tens of watts can be accompanied with the pressure amplitude of a plurality of megapascals, and the pressure wave generated by the existing moving part is generally below 1 megapascal.
The pressurizing device may be gas pressurizing or liquid pressurizing, and under the condition of gas pressurizing, gas which does not react with liquid working medium, such as nitrogen, helium or argon, may be input into the resonance tube 1; under the condition of liquid pressurization, liquid of the same substance as the liquid working medium can be input into the resonance tube 1 to realize pressurization, or liquid which does not react with the liquid working medium is adopted to realize pressurization, and at the moment, the liquid and the liquid working medium can be isolated through an elastic membrane which is not easy to corrode.
The principle that the pressure amplitude is much larger than that of the gas working medium and the corresponding speed amplitude is much smaller than that of the gas working medium can be obtained under certain acoustic power output is described below by combining with a calculation formula of acoustic power.
The calculation formula of sound work is as follows:
Wherein, |P 1 | is the amplitude of pressure fluctuation, |U 1 | is the amplitude of volume flow rate fluctuation, the amplitude of volume flow rate fluctuation is equal to the product of velocity amplitude and sectional area, θ is the phase difference between the pressure fluctuation and the volume flow rate fluctuation, θ can be basically maintained unchanged in the thermoacoustic plate stack through structural design or a phase modulation device, and according to the calculation formula of acoustic power, the amplitude of pressure fluctuation is increased under the condition that acoustic power is certain, the amplitude of volume flow rate fluctuation is reduced, and the velocity amplitude is also reduced under the condition that the structure is unchanged.
The liquid working medium shown in the embodiment comprises any one of liquid sodium, mercury or propylene, and has certain compressibility in a working state, wherein T.beta.0.1 is required to be satisfied, T is temperature, and beta is thermal expansion coefficient; because the compressibility of the liquid is low, only a small amount of gas or liquid needs to be injected to quickly raise the pressure in the resonance tube 1 to the required average pressure; the thermoacoustic plate stack 2 is provided with a plurality of flow channels which are mutually parallel, extend along the axial direction of the resonance tube and are used for flowing liquid working medium; or the stack 2 of thermoacoustic panels is a porous foam or a stacked wire mesh.
Further, in the actual use process, the required average pressure is slightly greater than twice the required pressure amplitude, if the average pressure is lower than twice the required pressure amplitude, the liquid working medium generates negative pressure in the oscillation period, so that local liquid is evaporated, cavitation is generated, and the performance of the pressure wave generating device is deteriorated; if, for example, a pressure amplitude of 4 mpa is desired to be generated by the pressure wave generating device, the average pressure may be set to 8.5 mpa,
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the resonance tube 1 shown in the present embodiment includes a standing wave resonance tube 11, and the structural form of the standing wave resonance tube 11 is straight; the heater 3, the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 and the cooler 4 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the standing wave resonant tube 11, the standing wave resonant tube 11 is provided with a first port and a second port which are far away from each other along the axial direction of the standing wave resonant tube 11, the heater 3, the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 and the cooler 4 are arranged close to the first port or the second port, and it is understood that the heater 3, the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 and the cooler 4 are required to be prevented from being arranged in the middle of the standing wave resonant tube 11 so as to ensure the efficient output of pressure waves; whether the three of the heater 3, the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 and the cooler 4 are arranged close to the first port or close to the second port, the heater 3 is arranged closer to the port than the cooler 4, i.e. in case the heater 3, the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 and the cooler 4 are arranged close to the first port, the distance between the heater 3 and the first port is smaller than the distance between the cooler 4 and the first port, and in case the heater 3, the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 and the cooler 4 are arranged close to the second port, the distance between the heater 3 and the second port is smaller than the distance between the cooler 4 and the second port.
The positions of the pressurizing port 5 and the pressure wave output surface 6 on the standing wave resonator 11 can be flexibly set according to actual requirements.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the pressurizing port 5 and the pressure wave output surface 6 in this embodiment are disposed at the same end of the standing wave resonator 11 along the axial direction of the standing wave resonator 11, or the pressurizing port 5 and the pressure wave output surface 6 are disposed at two ends of the standing wave resonator 11 along the axial direction of the standing wave resonator 11, and in this case, the liquid working medium is pressurized from one end of the standing wave resonator 11, and the pressure wave is output from the other end of the standing wave resonator 11.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the case where the pressurizing port 5 and the pressure wave output face 6 are provided separately at both ends of the standing wave resonator tube 11, the heater 3 is located on the side close to the pressurizing port 5, and the cooler 4 is located on the side close to the pressure wave output face 6, so that the temperature near the pressure wave output face 6 is relatively low.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the pressure wave output surface 6 shown in this embodiment is provided at an end of the standing wave resonator 11 in the axial direction of the standing wave resonator 11, and the generated pressure wave is output in the axial direction of the standing wave resonator 11.
In some embodiments, the pressure wave output surface 6 is disposed on the wall of the standing wave resonator tube 1, and the generated pressure wave is output in the radial direction of the standing wave resonator tube 11.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the resonator tube 1 shown in this embodiment includes a traveling wave resonator tube 12, and the traveling wave resonator tube 12 has a ring-shaped structural form; the perimeter of the traveling wave resonance tube 12 is equal to one sound wave wavelength, and a phase modulation tube section is arranged on the traveling wave resonance tube 12.
Specifically, the phase modulation pipe section is used for guaranteeing the phase of the gas in the thermoacoustic plate stack 2, so that the efficiency of thermoacoustic conversion is guaranteed.
The phase modulation pipe section comprises a capacitive pipe or a resistive pipe, namely, the phase of the gas can be regulated by taking any one of the capacitive pipe and the resistive pipe.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the phase modulation tube section shown in this embodiment includes a capacitive tube 71, where the cross-sectional area of the capacitive tube 71 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the traveling wave resonator 12, and the distance between the capacitive tube 71 and the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 along the axis direction of the traveling wave resonator 12 is equal to one quarter of the wavelength of an acoustic wave, that is, the distance between the capacitive tube 71 and the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 is equal to one quarter of the perimeter of the traveling wave resonator 12, and the capacitive tube 71 may be located in a position to the right as shown in fig. 2 or a position to the left as shown in fig. 3.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the phase modulation tube section shown in this embodiment includes a resistive tube 72, the cross-sectional area of the resistive tube 72 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the traveling wave resonator tube 12, the distance between the resistive tube 72 and the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 along the axis direction of the traveling wave resonator tube 12 is equal to one half of the wavelength of an acoustic wave, that is, the distance between the resistive tube 72 and the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 is equal to one half of the perimeter of the traveling wave resonator tube 12, and the resistive tube 72 is disposed opposite to the thermoacoustic panel stack 2.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the resonator tube 1 in this embodiment includes a standing wave resonator tube 13, where the standing wave resonator tube 13 includes a first tube segment 131 and a second tube segment 132, the first tube segment 131 is annular, and the second tube segment 132 is linear, that is, the standing wave resonator tube 13 is equivalent to the standing wave resonator tube 12 and the standing wave resonator tube 11, and the heater 3, the thermoacoustic panel stack 2, and the cooler 4 are disposed in the first tube segment 131.
Wherein the pressurizing port 5 may be provided on the first pipe segment 131 and the pressure wave output face 6 may be provided on the second pipe segment 132.
In some embodiments, the cooler 4 in this embodiment uses water cooling, air cooling, or radiation refrigeration to implement cooling.
The heating portion of the heater 3 and the cooling portion of the cooler 4 may be disposed in the resonator tube 1, and then the heating portion and the cooling portion may contact with the liquid working medium, so the heating portion and the cooling portion should be constructed of a material resistant to corrosion by the liquid working medium, and similarly, the resonator tube 1 and the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 should also be constructed of a material resistant to corrosion by the liquid working medium.
In one embodiment, the liquid working medium adopted in the resonator tube 1 is liquid sodium, the cooling temperature of the cooler 4 is 110 ℃, namely, the cold end temperature of the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 is 110 ℃, the cold end temperature is higher than the melting point temperature of sodium by 98 ℃, the heating temperature of the heater 3 is 480 ℃, namely, the hot end temperature of the thermoacoustic panel stack 2 is 480 ℃, so that a temperature gradient exceeding a vibration starting critical value is established in the liquid working medium in the thermoacoustic panel stack 2, the liquid working medium can oscillate, compared with a traditional gas thermoacoustic engine, the isothermal compression rate of the liquid working medium is far lower than that of the gas by adopting the liquid working medium with certain compressibility, so that the pressure amplitude can be obtained, which is far higher than that of the traditional gas thermoacoustic engine, by test and calculation in the research and development process, the acoustic power generated by the pressure wave generating device can reach tens of watts, and the pressure amplitude at the pressure wave output surface 6 can reach more than 6 mpa, and the driving requirement of equipment with higher pressure amplitude can be met.
Further, the applicant has found through theoretical analysis that the frequency of the pressure wave depends on the characteristics of the liquid working medium and the length of the resonator tube 1, and theoretically, the frequency of the output pressure wave ranges from a few hertz to an upper kilohertz.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pressure wave generating device, comprising:
The resonance tube is filled with liquid working medium, and is provided with a pressurizing port and a pressure wave output surface, and the pressurizing port is used for being connected with pressurizing equipment;
a stack of thermoacoustic plates disposed within the resonator tubes;
the heater is arranged at one end of the thermoacoustic panel stack;
and the cooler is arranged at the other end of the thermoacoustic panel stack.
2. The pressure wave generator of claim 1, wherein the pressure wave generator comprises a plurality of pressure wave generators,
The liquid working medium comprises any one of liquid sodium, mercury and propylene.
3. The pressure wave generator of claim 1, wherein the pressure wave generator comprises a plurality of pressure wave generators,
The resonance tube comprises a standing wave resonance tube;
The heater, the thermoacoustic panel stack and the cooler are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube, the standing wave resonance tube is provided with a first port and a second port which are opposite to each other along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube, and the heater, the thermoacoustic panel stack and the cooler are arranged close to the first port or the second port;
In the case where the heater, the stack of thermoacoustic plates, and the cooler are disposed proximate to the first port, a distance between the heater and the first port is less than a distance between the cooler and the first port;
in the case where the heater, the stack of thermoacoustic plates, and the cooler are disposed proximate to the second port, a distance between the heater and the second port is less than a distance between the cooler and the second port.
4. The pressure wave generator according to claim 3,
The pressurizing port and the pressure wave output surface are arranged at the same end of the standing wave resonance tube along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube, or the pressurizing port and the pressure wave output surface are respectively arranged at two ends of the standing wave resonance tube along the axial direction of the standing wave resonance tube.
5. The pressure wave generator of claim 1, wherein the pressure wave generator comprises a plurality of pressure wave generators,
The resonance tube comprises a traveling wave resonance tube;
The traveling wave resonance tube is annular, the perimeter of the traveling wave resonance tube is equal to the wavelength of one sound wave, and a phase modulation tube section is arranged on the traveling wave resonance tube.
6. The pressure wave generator of claim 5,
The phase modulation pipe section comprises a capacitive pipe, the cross section area of the capacitive pipe is larger than that of the traveling wave resonance pipe, and the distance between the capacitive pipe and the thermoacoustic plate stack along the axial direction of the traveling wave resonance pipe is equal to one quarter of the wavelength of the sound wave.
7. The pressure wave generator of claim 5,
The phase modulation pipe section comprises a resistive pipe, the cross section area of the resistive pipe is smaller than that of the traveling wave resonance pipe, and the distance between the resistive pipe and the thermoacoustic plate stack along the axial direction of the traveling wave resonance pipe is equal to one half of the wavelength of one sound wave.
8. The pressure wave generator of claim 1, wherein the pressure wave generator comprises a plurality of pressure wave generators,
The resonance tube comprises a line standing wave resonance tube;
The line standing wave resonance tube comprises a first tube section and a second tube section, wherein the first tube section is annular, the second tube section is linear, and the heater, the thermoacoustic plate stack and the cooler are arranged in the first tube section.
9. The pressure wave generator of claim 1, wherein the pressure wave generator comprises a plurality of pressure wave generators,
The thermoacoustic panel stack is provided with a plurality of flow channels, the flow channels are mutually parallel, and the flow channels extend along the axial direction of the resonance tube.
10. The pressure wave generator of claim 1, wherein the pressure wave generator comprises a plurality of pressure wave generators,
The thermoacoustic panel stack comprises a porous foam or stacked wire mesh.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211575228.4A CN118168182A (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | Pressure wave generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211575228.4A CN118168182A (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | Pressure wave generator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118168182A true CN118168182A (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211575228.4A Pending CN118168182A (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | Pressure wave generator |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118168182A (en) |
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- 2022-12-08 CN CN202211575228.4A patent/CN118168182A/en active Pending
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