CN112576405B - Thermoacoustic heat engine system - Google Patents
Thermoacoustic heat engine system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112576405B CN112576405B CN201910934888.9A CN201910934888A CN112576405B CN 112576405 B CN112576405 B CN 112576405B CN 201910934888 A CN201910934888 A CN 201910934888A CN 112576405 B CN112576405 B CN 112576405B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
- F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
- F02G1/057—Regenerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2243/00—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes
- F02G2243/30—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders
- F02G2243/50—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders having resonance tubes
- F02G2243/54—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders having resonance tubes thermo-acoustic
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion devices, and provides a thermoacoustic heat engine system, which comprises: the thermoacoustic heat engine unit comprises a first main chamber temperature heat exchanger, a first heat regenerator, a first heat absorber and an elastic membrane device which are sequentially communicated; the elastic membrane device is used for simultaneously inhibiting Gedeon acoustic flow inside the thermoacoustic heat engine system and acoustic flow driven by ejection at the outlet reducing part of the first heat absorber. The thermoacoustic heat engine system replaces a heat buffer pipe, a laminar flow silk screen and a sub-room temperature heat exchanger in the traditional thermoacoustic heat engine through the elastic membrane device, the elastic membrane device is communicated with the first heat absorber, the structure of the thermoacoustic heat engine system is simplified, the Gedeon acoustic flow in the thermoacoustic heat engine system and the acoustic flow driven by the jet at the outlet reducing part of the first heat absorber are completely inhibited, and the heat and/or cold loss of the thermoacoustic heat engine is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion devices, in particular to a thermoacoustic heat engine system.
Background
In a loop thermoacoustic heat engine, both acoustic flows negatively affect the thermodynamic performance and stability of the system. The first is the Gedeon sound flow, that is, due to the action of nonlinear factors, there is a unidirectional, time-uniform flow in the loop in addition to the fluctuation of the sound field itself. In thermoacoustic engines, such a time-homogeneous flow would be useless in transferring heat from a high-temperature heat source to room temperature without producing acoustic work; in a thermoacoustic refrigerator, it adds an undesirable thermal load to the heat absorber (cold side heat exchanger).
The second is acoustic flow driven by jetting inside the thermal buffer tube, in the reciprocating oscillation process of gas, the diameter change between the core tube section and the resonance tube of the thermoacoustic heat engine causes the gas to generate obvious jet flow when flowing into the thermal buffer tube from one side of the sub-room temperature heat exchanger, so that the gas flowing into the two ends of the thermal buffer tube is in direct contact (or closely spaced), and the thermal performance and the stability of the thermoacoustic heat engine system are negatively influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the technical defects and application requirements, the application provides a thermoacoustic heat engine system to solve the problem that the thermal performance and stability of the thermoacoustic heat engine system are negatively affected by a Gedeon acoustic flow inside the system and an acoustic flow driven by ejection inside a thermal buffer tube.
(II) technical scheme
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a thermoacoustic heat engine system, comprising: the thermoacoustic heat engine unit comprises a first main chamber temperature heat exchanger, a first heat regenerator, a first heat absorber and an elastic membrane device which are sequentially communicated;
the elastic membrane device is used for simultaneously inhibiting Gedeon acoustic flow inside the thermoacoustic heat engine system and acoustic flow driven by ejection at the outlet reducing part of the first heat absorber.
The number of the first thermoacoustic heat engine units is one, and the first thermoacoustic heat engine units are first thermoacoustic engines;
the elastic membrane device is communicated with a first end of the three-way pipe, a second end of the three-way pipe is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger through a first feedback pipe, a third end of the three-way pipe is communicated with a first resonance pipe, and the first resonance pipe is connected with a first load.
Wherein, the first load is a thermoacoustic refrigerator or a linear motor.
The first thermoacoustic heat engine units are sequentially connected end to end; the three first thermoacoustic heat engine units are first thermoacoustic engines, and the other first thermoacoustic heat engine unit is a first thermoacoustic refrigerator;
the three sequentially connected first thermoacoustic engines are used for realizing conversion from heat energy to acoustic power and amplifying the acoustic power step by step so as to finally drive the first thermoacoustic refrigerator to realize refrigeration effect.
The system comprises four first thermoacoustic heat engine units which are sequentially connected end to end, wherein the four first thermoacoustic heat engine units are all first thermoacoustic engines;
any one of the first thermoacoustic engines is used for realizing conversion from heat energy to acoustic power, one part of the acoustic power is used for driving a second load, and the other part of the acoustic power is used for feeding back to the next thermoacoustic engine for amplification.
And two adjacent first thermoacoustic engines are communicated through a second resonance tube, and the second resonance tube is connected with the second load.
Wherein, the first thermoacoustic heat engine unit is a second thermoacoustic refrigerator; the second thermoacoustic engine comprises a second main chamber temperature heat exchanger, a second heat regenerator, a second heat absorber and a first thermal buffer tube which are sequentially communicated;
the first thermal buffer tube is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger to construct a second thermoacoustic heat engine unit, and the thermoacoustic heat engine system comprises four thermoacoustic heat engine units which are sequentially communicated end to end.
And two adjacent second thermoacoustic heat engine units are communicated through a third resonance tube.
The elastic membrane device comprises a membrane box and an elastic membrane arranged in the membrane box;
the elastic membrane is used for dividing the cavity of the membrane box into a left cavity and a right cavity which are mutually isolated.
Wherein, the elastic membrane is made of natural rubber, polyurethane or metal rubber.
(III) advantageous effects
When the thermoacoustic heat engine system provided by the invention works as a thermoacoustic engine, the working medium absorbs heat from a high-temperature heat source through the first heat absorber for expansion work, releases heat to the environment through the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger and contracts, and the processes are sequentially circulated, so that the conversion between heat energy and sound work is realized. When the temperature difference between two ends of the first heat regenerator of the thermoacoustic engine exceeds a limit value, the thermoacoustic engine starts to work. The elastic membrane device arranged at the outlet of the first heat absorber can simultaneously inhibit Gedeon acoustic flow in the thermoacoustic engine and acoustic flow driven by ejection at the reducing position of the outlet of the first heat absorber, so that heat leakage of the thermoacoustic engine is reduced; when the thermoacoustic heat engine system works as a thermoacoustic refrigerator, when the pressure rises, the working medium is subjected to adiabatic compression, heat is released to the environment through the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger, the working medium moves to the low temperature end due to pressure reduction, adiabatic expansion is carried out, heat is absorbed from the low temperature end through the first heat absorber, and finally pumping of heat from the low temperature end to the room temperature end is realized. The elastic membrane device arranged at the outlet of the first heat absorber can simultaneously inhibit Gedeon acoustic flow in the thermoacoustic refrigerator and acoustic flow driven by jet at the reducing position of the outlet of the first heat absorber, and reduce the heat load of the first heat absorber of the thermoacoustic refrigerator. The thermoacoustic heat engine system replaces a thermal buffer tube, a laminar flow silk screen and a sub-room temperature heat exchanger in the traditional thermoacoustic heat engine by the elastic membrane device, the elastic membrane device is communicated with the first heat absorber, the structure of the thermoacoustic heat engine system is simplified, simultaneously, Gedeon acoustic flow inside the thermoacoustic heat engine system and acoustic flow driven by jet at the outlet reducing part of the first heat absorber are completely inhibited, and heat (cold) loss of the thermoacoustic heat engine is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional thermoacoustic heat engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional loop traveling wave thermoacoustic heat engine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a conventional loop traveling wave thermo-acoustic heat engine equipped with an injection pump and a laminar flow wire mesh;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a Stirling-type thermo-acoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a series four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bypass-type four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct-coupled quaternary-loop thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a first main room temperature heat exchanger; 2. a first heat regenerator; 3. a first heat absorber; 4. a second main room temperature heat exchanger; 5. a second regenerator; 6. a second heat sink; 7. an injection pump; 8. a laminar flow screen; 9. an elastic film device; 10. a first load; 11. a second load; 12. a first thermal buffer tube; 13. a first feedback tube; 14. a first resonator tube; 15. a second resonator tube; 16. a third resonator tube; 17. a third main room temperature heat exchanger; 18. a third regenerator; 19. a third heat absorber; 20. a second thermal buffer tube; 21. a sub-room temperature heat exchanger; 22. a fourth resonator tube; 23. and a fifth resonator tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Based on the thermoacoustic effect, the thermoacoustic heat engine can realize the interconversion between heat and sound energy (a kind of mechanical energy). The core components of the thermoacoustic heat engine are shown in fig. 1 and sequentially comprise a third main chamber temperature heat exchanger 17, a third regenerator 18, a third heat absorber 19, a second thermal buffer tube 20 and a sub-chamber temperature heat exchanger 21. The thermoacoustic heat engine can be divided into a thermoacoustic engine and a thermoacoustic refrigerator. And a third heat absorber of the thermoacoustic engine absorbs heat from the high-temperature heat source, amplifies the acoustic power transmitted by the third main room temperature heat exchanger and outputs the amplified acoustic power from the secondary room temperature heat exchanger. The thermoacoustic refrigerator consumes the acoustic work transferred by the third main chamber temperature heat exchanger, so that the heat is pumped from the low-temperature environment (the third heat absorber) to the room-temperature environment (the third main chamber temperature heat exchanger). The primary purpose of the second thermal buffer tube, which is a typical component of a thermoacoustic heat engine, is to avoid direct contact of the gas from the third heat absorber with the ambient temperature environment.
The loop structure is an important structure of the thermoacoustic heat engine, as shown in fig. 2. The loop structure introduces two major problems: gedeon acoustic streaming and jet driven acoustic streaming inside the thermal buffer tube. In acoustics, acoustic streaming refers to the second order steady velocity driven by the first order oscillatory velocity and pressure superimposed on the first order vibrational velocity. When acoustic streaming is present, the gas motion can be imagined as a 102 step forward and 98 step backward for each cycle, equivalent to an oscillating motion with a peak to peak value of 100 steps, superimposed by a 4 step forward steady drift. In thermoacoustic engines and thermoacoustic refrigerators, these two heat-carrying acoustic streams often introduce unwanted heat (cold) losses.
The first problem, the Gedeon acoustic flow in the loop system is a net time-averaged mass flow axially through the regenerator, thermal buffer tube, ultimately resulting in severe heat (cold) losses. Therefore, a steady pressure differential must be applied across the regenerator and thermal buffer tube to suppress the Gedeon acoustic flow in the loop. In order to create such a pressure difference, it is common practice to place a jet pump 7 at the inlet of the core of the thermoacoustic heat engine, as shown in fig. 3. This configuration takes advantage of the asymmetry of the channel end effect, the rationale for which is that the flow through channels of different cross-sectional areas creates a localized pressure drop. When fluid enters a large space from a nozzle, the loss factor is almost independent of the shape of the nozzle edge. However, when fluid enters the nozzle from a large space, the local loss coefficient is closely related to the shape of the nozzle edge, and the loss coefficient without the chamfer is much larger than that with the chamfer. Because the gas in the thermoacoustic heat engine flows in a reciprocating manner, the structure naturally forms asymmetry of pressure drop in two directions, and the required stable pressure difference can be obtained through reasonable design. This structure naturally brings about a loss of acoustic power while suppressing the Gedeon sound stream. A second problem is jet-driven acoustic streaming inside the thermal buffer tube, which is a circulating flow that bends closed inside the thermal buffer tube. Ideally, the gas inside the thermal buffer tube acts as a long (somewhat compressible) piston, transmitting pressure and velocity oscillations from one end to the other, and this gas column should also thermally insulate one end of the tube from the other. During the reciprocating oscillation of the gas, the sudden change of the flow area between the core tube section of the thermoacoustic heat engine and the fourth resonance tube 22 causes the gas to flow into the thermal buffer tube from the side of the sub-room temperature heat exchanger to generate a significant jet flow, which can extend to a very long distance to shorten the distance of the long piston, and in more serious cases, if the extended distance of the jet flow exceeds the length of the thermal buffer tube, the jet-driven acoustic flow can make the gas coming out of the heat absorber directly contact the room temperature environment, and increase the heat leakage (or the heat load of the heat absorber of the thermoacoustic refrigerator) of the thermoacoustic engine. A laminar wire mesh 8 is normally used to eliminate such jets. However, the laminar wire mesh is similar to a nonlinear impedance which increases with increasing reynolds number, and can bring about acoustic work loss while suppressing jet-driven jet flow in the thermal buffer tube.
The Gedeon acoustic flow in the loop, although overcome by the jet pump, comes at the expense of consuming objective acoustic work. In addition, the mode is inconvenient to operate, and the flow cross section area needs to be adjusted according to different working conditions so as to ensure that the Gedeon acoustic flow is completely inhibited. The laminarising wire mesh 8 is effective at rejecting jet driven jets inside the thermal buffer tube, but the laminarising wire mesh is essentially a non-linear impedance that increases with increasing reynolds number of the gas flow, and also rejects jet driven jets inside the thermal buffer tube at the expense of objective acoustic work.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises at least one first thermoacoustic heat engine unit, wherein the first thermoacoustic heat engine unit comprises a first main chamber temperature heat exchanger 1, a first heat regenerator 2, a first heat absorber 3 and an elastic membrane device 9 which are sequentially communicated; the elastic membrane device 9 is used for simultaneously inhibiting Gedeon sound flow in the thermoacoustic heat engine system and sound flow driven by jet at the position of reducing outlet of the first heat absorber 3.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the thermoacoustic heat engine system shown in fig. 4 works as a thermoacoustic engine, the working principle is as follows: the working medium absorbs heat from the high-temperature heat source through the first heat absorber 3 for expansion and work application, releases heat to the environment through the first main room temperature heat exchanger 1 and shrinks, and the processes are sequentially circulated, so that conversion between heat energy and sound power is realized. When the temperature difference between the two ends of the first regenerator 2 of the thermoacoustic engine exceeds a limit value, the thermoacoustic engine starts to work, and the flow direction of the acoustic work is clockwise, as shown by the arrow direction in the resonant pipe in fig. 4. The elastic membrane device 9 arranged at the outlet of the first heat absorber 3 can simultaneously inhibit Gedeon acoustic flow in the thermoacoustic engine and acoustic flow driven by jet at the reducing position of the outlet of the first heat absorber 3, so that heat leakage of the thermoacoustic engine is reduced;
when the thermoacoustic heat engine system shown in fig. 4 works as a thermoacoustic refrigerator, the working principle is as follows: when the pressure rises, the working medium is subjected to adiabatic compression, heat is released to the environment through the first main room temperature heat exchanger 1, the working medium moves to the low-temperature end due to pressure reduction, adiabatic expansion is carried out, heat is pumped from the low-temperature end through the first heat absorber 3, and finally pumping of the heat from the low-temperature end to the room temperature end is achieved. The elastic membrane device 9 arranged at the outlet of the first heat absorber 3 can simultaneously inhibit Gedeon acoustic flow in the thermoacoustic refrigerator and acoustic flow driven by injection at the reducing position of the outlet of the first heat absorber 3, and reduce the heat load of the first heat absorber 3 of the thermoacoustic refrigerator.
According to the thermo-acoustic heat engine system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the elastic membrane device replaces a thermal buffer tube, a laminar flow silk screen and a sub-room temperature heat exchanger in the traditional thermo-acoustic heat engine, and the elastic membrane device is communicated with the first heat absorber, so that the structure of the thermo-acoustic heat engine system is simplified, the Gedeon acoustic flow in the thermo-acoustic heat engine system and the acoustic flow driven by the jet at the reducing part of the outlet of the first heat absorber are completely inhibited, and the heat (cold) loss of the thermo-acoustic heat engine is reduced.
The elastic membrane device 9 includes a membrane box and an elastic membrane disposed inside the membrane box; the cavity of the capsule is ellipsoidal, spherical or cylindrical. The elastic membrane is used for dividing the cavity of the membrane box into a left chamber and a right chamber which are mutually isolated. The elastic membrane can be made of natural rubber, polyurethane or metal rubber.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a Stirling-type thermo-acoustic heat engine system, according to an embodiment of the present invention, e.g.
Fig. 5 shows that the number of the first thermo-acoustic heat engine units is one, and the first thermo-acoustic heat engine unit is a first thermo-acoustic engine;
the elastic membrane device 9 is communicated with a first end of the three-way pipe, a second end of the three-way pipe is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger 1 through a first feedback pipe 13, a third end of the three-way pipe is communicated with a first resonance pipe 14, and the first resonance pipe 14 is connected with a first load 10.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the stirling type thermoacoustic engine is operated, the temperature of the first heat absorber 3 absorbs heat from the external heat source and rises, and the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger 1 is cooled by the circulating cooling water to keep the temperature constant. When the temperature difference across the first recuperator 2 exceeds a limit value, the thermoacoustic engine starts to operate. One part of the acoustic work generated by the thermoacoustic engine drives the first load 10 connected by the thermoacoustic engine, i.e. drives the linear motor or the thermoacoustic refrigerator for power generation or refrigeration, and the other part of the acoustic work is consumed in the first resonance tube 14 or returns to the thermoacoustic engine through the first feedback tube 13. The elastic membrane device replaces a thermal buffer tube, a laminar flow silk screen and a sub-room temperature heat exchanger, so that the structure of a thermoacoustic heat engine system is simpler, the Gedeon acoustic flow in a loop and the acoustic flow driven by the jet at the reducing part of the outlet of the first heat absorber are completely inhibited, the heat leakage of the thermoacoustic engine is reduced, and the thermoacoustic conversion efficiency of the thermoacoustic engine is improved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a series-type four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the system includes four first thermoacoustic heat engine units connected end to end in sequence; the three first thermoacoustic heat engine units are first thermoacoustic engines, and the other first thermoacoustic heat engine unit is a first thermoacoustic refrigerator;
the three sequentially connected first thermoacoustic engines are used for realizing conversion from heat energy to acoustic power and amplifying the acoustic power step by step so as to finally drive the first thermoacoustic refrigerator to realize refrigeration effect.
It should be noted that the elastic membrane device of the first thermoacoustic engine is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger of the second thermoacoustic engine, the elastic membrane device of the second thermoacoustic engine is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger of the third thermoacoustic engine, the elastic membrane device of the third thermoacoustic engine is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger of the first thermoacoustic refrigerator, and the elastic membrane device of the first thermoacoustic refrigerator is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger of the first thermoacoustic engine. Two adjacent first thermoacoustic heat engine units are communicated through a fifth resonance tube 23.
In the embodiment of the invention, the series four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system consists of three thermoacoustic engines and a thermoacoustic refrigerator, wherein the three thermoacoustic engines realize the conversion from heat energy to sound power, the sound power is amplified step by step, and the thermoacoustic refrigerator is finally driven to realize the refrigeration effect. The elastic membrane device replaces a thermal buffer tube, a laminar flow silk screen and a sub-room temperature heat exchanger, so that the traditional series four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine device is simplified, the Gedeon acoustic flow in the loop and the acoustic flow driven by the jet at the reducing part of the outlet of the first heat absorber can be completely inhibited, and the heat leakage of the thermoacoustic engine and the heat load of the thermoacoustic refrigerator are reduced.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bypass four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention, including four first thermoacoustic heat engine units connected end to end in sequence, where the four first thermoacoustic heat engine units are all first thermoacoustic engines;
any one of the first thermoacoustic engines is used for realizing conversion from heat energy to acoustic power, one part of the acoustic power is used for driving the second load 11, and the other part of the acoustic power is used for feeding back to the next first thermoacoustic engine for amplification.
It should be noted that two adjacent first thermoacoustic engines are communicated through the second resonator tube 15, and the second resonator tube 15 is connected to the second load 11.
In the embodiment of the invention, the bypass type four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system consists of four first thermoacoustic engines and four bypass second loads 11, wherein the second loads 11 are generally thermoacoustic refrigerators or linear motors. The four thermoacoustic engines can realize the conversion from heat energy to acoustic power, one part of the generated acoustic power drives the second load 11 for power generation/refrigeration, and the other part of the generated acoustic power is fed back to the next stage for amplification. The elastic membrane device replaces a thermal buffer tube, a laminar flow element and a sub-room temperature heat exchanger, so that the structure of a side-connected four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system is simpler, the Gedeon acoustic flow in the loop and the acoustic flow driven by the jet of the reducing part of the outlet of the first heat absorber can be completely inhibited, the heat leakage of the thermoacoustic engine is reduced, and the thermoacoustic conversion efficiency of the thermoacoustic engine is improved.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct-connection type four-stage loop thermo-acoustic heat engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 8, the first thermo-acoustic heat engine unit is a second thermo-acoustic refrigerator; the second thermoacoustic engine comprises a second main chamber temperature heat exchanger 4, a second heat regenerator 5, a second heat absorber 6 and a first thermal buffer tube 12 which are sequentially communicated; the first thermal buffer tube 12 is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger 1 to construct a second thermo-acoustic heat engine unit, and the thermo-acoustic heat engine system comprises four second thermo-acoustic heat engine units which are sequentially communicated end to end.
It should be noted that the second main chamber temperature heat exchanger 4, the second heat regenerator 5, the second heat absorber 6, the first thermal buffer tube 12, the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger 1, the first heat regenerator 2, the first heat absorber 3 and the elastic membrane device 9, which are sequentially communicated, constitute a second thermo-acoustic heat engine unit. The thermoacoustic heat engine system comprises four second thermoacoustic heat engine units which are sequentially communicated end to end. Specifically, the elastic membrane device 9 of the first thermoacoustic heat engine unit is communicated with the second main chamber temperature heat exchanger 4 of the second thermoacoustic heat engine unit through a third resonance tube 16; the elastic membrane device 9 of the second thermo-acoustic heat engine unit is communicated with a second main chamber temperature heat exchanger 4 of the third thermo-acoustic heat engine unit through another third resonance tube 16; the elastic membrane device 9 of the third thermo-acoustic heat engine unit is communicated with the second main chamber temperature heat exchanger 4 of the fourth thermo-acoustic heat engine unit through another third resonance pipe 16; the elastic membrane device 9 of the fourth second thermo-acoustic heat engine unit is in communication with the second main chamber temperature heat exchanger 4 of the first second thermo-acoustic heat engine unit via a further third resonator tube 16.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the direct-connection type four-stage loop thermo-acoustic heat engine system is composed of four second thermo-acoustic heat engine units. The second thermoacoustic engine is directly connected with the second thermoacoustic refrigerator, and the elastic membrane device replaces a thermal buffer tube, a laminar flow silk screen and a sub-room temperature heat exchanger of the thermoacoustic refrigerator, so that the structure of the direct-connection type four-stage loop thermoacoustic heat engine system is simpler, and simultaneously, Gedeon acoustic flow in a loop and acoustic flow driven by injection at the outlet reducing part of the first heat absorber of the thermoacoustic refrigerator can be completely inhibited, the heat load of the second thermoacoustic refrigerator is reduced, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A thermoacoustic heat engine system, comprising: the first thermoacoustic heat engine unit comprises a first main chamber temperature heat exchanger, a first heat regenerator, a first heat absorber and an elastic membrane device which are sequentially communicated;
the elastic membrane device is used for simultaneously inhibiting Gedeon acoustic flow in the thermoacoustic heat engine system and acoustic flow driven by ejection at the outlet reducing part of the first heat absorber.
2. A thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first thermoacoustic heat engine units is one, the first thermoacoustic heat engine unit being a first thermoacoustic engine;
the elastic membrane device is communicated with a first end of the three-way pipe, a second end of the three-way pipe is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger through a first feedback pipe, a third end of the three-way pipe is communicated with a first resonance pipe, and the first resonance pipe is connected with a first load.
3. The thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 2, wherein the first load is a thermoacoustic refrigerator or a linear electric machine.
4. A thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 1, comprising four of said first thermoacoustic heat engine units in end-to-end succession; the three first thermoacoustic heat engine units are first thermoacoustic engines, and the other first thermoacoustic heat engine unit is a first thermoacoustic refrigerator;
the three sequentially connected first thermoacoustic engines are used for realizing conversion from heat energy to acoustic power and amplifying the acoustic power step by step so as to finally drive the first thermoacoustic refrigerator to realize refrigeration effect.
5. A thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 1, comprising four of said first thermoacoustic heat engine units in end-to-end succession, the four first thermoacoustic heat engine units being a first thermoacoustic engine;
and any one of the first thermoacoustic engines is used for realizing conversion from heat energy to acoustic power, one part of the acoustic power is used for driving a second load, and the other part of the acoustic power is used for feeding back to the next thermoacoustic engine for amplification.
6. A thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 5, wherein two adjacent first thermoacoustic engines are in communication via a second resonator tube, said second resonator tube having said second load connected thereto.
7. A thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 1, wherein the first thermoacoustic heat engine unit is a second thermoacoustic refrigerator; the second thermoacoustic engine comprises a second main chamber temperature heat exchanger, a second heat regenerator, a second heat absorber and a first thermal buffer tube which are sequentially communicated;
the first thermal buffer tube is communicated with the first main chamber temperature heat exchanger to construct a second thermoacoustic heat engine unit, and the thermoacoustic heat engine system comprises four second thermoacoustic heat engine units which are sequentially communicated end to end.
8. A thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 7, wherein two adjacent second thermoacoustic heat engine units are in communication via a third resonator tube.
9. A thermoacoustic heat engine system according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the elastic membrane means comprises a membrane capsule and an elastic membrane disposed inside the membrane capsule;
the elastic membrane is used for dividing the cavity of the membrane box into a left cavity and a right cavity which are mutually isolated.
10. Thermoacoustic heat engine system according to claim 9, wherein said elastic membrane is made of natural rubber, polyurethane or metal rubber.
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