CN118143498A - Spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials - Google Patents
Spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN118143498A CN118143498A CN202410576480.XA CN202410576480A CN118143498A CN 118143498 A CN118143498 A CN 118143498A CN 202410576480 A CN202410576480 A CN 202410576480A CN 118143498 A CN118143498 A CN 118143498A
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- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials, which comprises the following steps: firstly, providing a first section bar and a second section bar, wherein the welding heat input amount required by the first section bar is larger than that required by the second section bar; secondly, arranging one end of the first section bar and one end of the second section bar close to each other, and determining a welding line between the two sections; finally, carrying out spiral movable welding on a welding gun along the linear direction of a welding line, and carrying out reciprocating swinging motion on the welding gun along the two sides of the welding line so as to realize the connection of dissimilar materials, wherein the length of a first swinging track of the welding gun on one side of a first section bar is longer than that of a second swinging track of the welding gun on one side of a second section bar; according to the invention, the heat input quantity control of the first section bar and the second section bar is respectively realized through the track-energy synchronous swing, so that the first section bar and the second section bar achieve the same forming effect, and the welding defect is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding processes, in particular to a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials.
Background
Along with the requirement of the light-weight technology of carrying equipment, high-strength light-weight materials are widely applied, different kinds of alloys can be selected according to functional requirements when materials are selected, and the advantages of high strength, corrosion resistance, excellent manufacturing performance and the like of dissimilar materials are combined to meet the requirement of structural performance. However, dissimilar materials have large welding performance differences, and are prone to causing welding defects such as air holes, liquefaction cracks, coarse grains and the like, and present challenges for the welding method.
Taking a new energy vehicle aluminum alloy battery tray as an example, casting aluminum alloy is generally used for a structure with extremely complex shape, and profile aluminum alloy is generally used for a part with simple structure. Because the chemical components, physical characteristics, welding characteristics and the like of the profile aluminum alloy and the cast aluminum alloy are different, defects such as liquefaction cracks, coarse grains and the like are easy to occur near the profile aluminum alloy side welding line in the welding joint, a large number of small-size dense hydrogen hole defects exist near the cast aluminum alloy side welding line, and the overall porosity of the profile aluminum alloy and the cast aluminum alloy welding joint is high. The defect of the hydrogen holes reduces the compactness and corrosion resistance of the welding seam, reduces the effective bearing area of the joint, and easily forms stress concentration, thereby reducing the strength and toughness of the joint; however, the liquefied cracks are usually small in size and difficult to find, but may develop into macrocracks in the service process, which seriously affects the performance safety of the welded structure.
Therefore, the process requirement is extremely high when the dissimilar materials are welded, and the welding heat input quantity, the molten drop transition process and the state of a welding pool are required to be cooperatively regulated and controlled so as to ensure that the appearance of the welding seam is attractive and the forming effect is consistent, and simultaneously, the welding defects such as air holes, liquefied cracks and the like are avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials, so as to solve the technical problem that the welding process for the dissimilar materials in the prior art is easy to cause welding defects such as air holes, liquefied cracks, coarse grains and the like.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials, which comprises the following steps:
s10, providing a first section bar and a second section bar, wherein the welding heat input amount required by the first section bar is larger than that required by the second section bar;
s20, arranging one end of the first section bar and one end of the second section bar close to each other, and determining a welding line between the two sections;
S30, performing spiral movable welding on a welding gun along the linear direction of a welding line, and performing reciprocating swing motion on the welding gun along the two sides of the welding line so as to realize connection of dissimilar materials, wherein the length of a first swing track of the welding gun on one side of the first section bar is longer than that of a second swing track of the welding gun on one side of the second section bar.
Preferably, in the step S30, the first wobble track includes m first track units, the second wobble track includes (m-1) second track units, and m is a positive integer greater than 1.
Preferably, the start point of the nth second track unit coincides with the end point of the nth first track unit, and the end point of the nth second track unit coincides with the start point of the (n+1) th first track unit; n is more than 0 and less than or equal to m-1, and n is a positive integer.
Preferably, in the step S30, the first swing track is any one of a first semicircle and a rectangle, and the second swing track is any one of a second semicircle and a triangle;
Wherein the diameter of the first semicircle is larger than the diameter of the second semicircle.
Preferably, in the step S30, when the swing track of the welding gun is a first semicircle or a second semicircle, the swing track includes a first semicircle segment, a second semicircle segment and a third semicircle segment, the central angles of the first semicircle segment, the second semicircle segment and the third semicircle segment are 60 degrees, the starting point of the second semicircle segment and the ending point of the first semicircle segment are coincident, and the ending point of the second semicircle segment and the starting point of the third semicircle segment are coincident;
When the welding gun swings to the first semicircular section or the third semicircular section, the welding gun is perpendicular to the welding plane; when the welding torch swings to the second semicircular section, the welding torch is inclined by 10 degrees in a direction deviated from the welding line.
Preferably, in step S30, the welding speed of the first swing track is the same as the welding speed of the second swing track.
Preferably, in the step S30, when the welding path of the welding gun is the first swing track, the current signal fed into the welding gun is a high-energy square wave pulse signal; when the welding path of the welding gun is the second swing track, the current signal fed into the welding gun is a short-circuit current signal.
Preferably, the frequency of the high-energy square wave pulse signal is 1-1000 Hz, the duty ratio is 5% -95%, and the average current value is 10-1000A.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials, which comprises the following steps: firstly, providing a first section bar and a second section bar, wherein the welding heat input amount required by the first section bar is larger than that required by the second section bar; secondly, arranging one end of the first section bar and one end of the second section bar close to each other, and determining a welding line between the two sections; finally, carrying out spiral movable welding on a welding gun along the linear direction of a welding line, and carrying out reciprocating swinging motion on the welding gun along the two sides of the welding line so as to realize the connection of dissimilar materials, wherein the length of a first swinging track of the welding gun on one side of a first section bar is longer than that of a second swinging track of the welding gun on one side of a second section bar; according to the welding heat input quantity between the first section and the second section, the welding gun selects the first swing track with a longer swing track to weld the first section with high welding heat input quantity, and simultaneously selects the second swing track with a shorter swing track to weld the second section with low welding heat input quantity, so that the heat input quantity control on the first section and the second section is realized through the synchronous swing of track-energy, the first section and the second section achieve the same forming effect, and the welding defect after welding forming is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of different swing marks in the spiral swing welding method of the dissimilar materials provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a semicircular-triangular combined track in the spiral swing welding method of the dissimilar materials provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combination of high-energy square wave pulse current and short-circuit current in the spiral swing welding method of dissimilar materials provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing halving of semicircular track in the spiral swing welding method of dissimilar materials provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials according to the present invention; the swing welding method comprises the following steps:
S10, providing a first section and a second section, wherein the welding heat input required by the first section is larger than that required by the second section. Specifically, the step S10 further includes:
Providing a first section bar and a second section bar respectively, wherein the welding heat input amount required by the first section bar is larger than that required by the second section bar; the first section bar and the second section bar can be made of the same material and different thickness, and can also be made of different materials; when the first section bar and the second section bar are made of the same material, the thickness of the first section bar is larger than that of the second section bar, and at the moment, the welding heat input amount required by the first section bar is larger than that required by the second section bar.
Further, when the melting point of the first profile is greater than the melting point of the second profile, the welding heat input required for the first profile is greater than the welding heat input required for the second profile due to the difference between the melting point of the first profile and the melting point of the second profile.
Preferably, the first section bar and the second section bar are made of dissimilar materials, the first section bar is made of 6-series section bar aluminum alloy, and the second section bar is made of AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy.
And S20, arranging one end of the first section bar and one end of the second section bar close to each other, and determining a welding line between the two sections. Specifically, the step S20 further includes:
One end of the first section bar is close to one end of the second section bar, and the first section bar is fixed on the welding platform through the fixing clamp, so that a welding starting point and a welding end point between the first section bar and the second section bar are determined, and a connecting line between the welding starting point and the welding end point is a welding line.
S30, performing spiral movable welding on a welding gun along the linear direction of a welding line, and performing reciprocating swing motion on the welding gun along the two sides of the welding line so as to realize connection of dissimilar materials, wherein the length of a first swing track of the welding gun on one side of the first section bar is longer than that of a second swing track of the welding gun on one side of the second section bar.
Specifically, the step S30 further includes:
And (3) performing spiral movable welding on a welding gun along the linear direction of the welding line, and performing reciprocating swinging motion on the welding gun along the two sides of the welding line so as to finally realize connection of the first section bar and the second section bar.
Specifically, the welding line is provided with a high heat input material (a first section) and a low heat input material (a second section) at two sides respectively, the welding gun swings along the straight line, and different swinging tracks are adopted according to the energy requirements of the two sides; namely, the welding gun selects a first swing track with a longer swing track to weld a first section bar with high welding heat input, and simultaneously, the welding gun selects a second swing track with a shorter swing track to weld a second section bar with low welding heat input.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing different swing marks in the spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials according to the present invention; the swing track is selected from a large semicircle (a first semicircle) or a rectangle with a longer track for a side with a larger heat input amount (a first profile side) and a small semicircle (a second semicircle) or a triangle with a shorter track for a side with a smaller heat input amount (a second profile side).
Specifically, the first swing track is any one of a first semicircle and a rectangle, the second swing track is any one of a second semicircle and a triangle, and the diameter of the first semicircle is larger than that of the second semicircle.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a semicircular-triangle combined track in the spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials according to the present invention; when the first section is made of 6-series section aluminum alloy and the second section is made of AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy, the first swing track is a semicircular track, and the second swing track is a triangular track.
Specifically, the first swing track comprises m first track units, the second swing track comprises (m-1) second track units, and m is a positive integer greater than 1; the number of the second track units is one less than that of the first track units, so that heat input of the welding gun during arc receiving is reduced.
Further, the start point of the nth second track unit coincides with the end point of the nth first track unit, and the end point of the nth second track unit coincides with the start point of the (n+1) th first track unit (the swing track of the welding gun is equivalent to spiral advance); n is more than 0 and less than or equal to m-1, and n is a positive integer.
Further, when the welding gun moves to the first section bar, the swing track is in a semicircular shape with a longer track, so that the action time of the electric arc on the first section bar is long, and the penetration of the first section bar is ensured; when the welding gun moves to the second section bar, the swing track is a triangle with a shorter track, so that the melting amount of the second section bar is reduced, and meanwhile, the reciprocating motion of the welding gun can strengthen the disturbance of a molten pool, accelerate the escape of hydrogen holes and refine grains.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combination of high-energy square wave pulse current and short-circuit current in the spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials according to the present invention; specifically, during the welding process, different swing tracks are synchronously matched with corresponding current process conditions, as shown in fig. 4, a semicircular track with a longer track is synchronous with high-energy square wave pulse current, and a triangular track is synchronous with short-circuit current.
Specifically, when the welding path of the welding gun is a first swing track, the current signal fed into the welding gun is a high-energy square wave pulse signal; when the welding path of the welding gun is the second swing track, the current signal fed into the welding gun is a short-circuit current signal.
Further, when the welding gun performs semicircular track movement towards the material side (the first section side) with high heat input amount after the arc starting of the welding gun, synchronous high-energy square wave pulse current can accelerate arc forming to enable the arc stability to be better, and meanwhile enough heat input amount can be obtained without generating liquefaction cracks.
Preferably, the frequency of the high-energy square wave pulse signal is 1-1000 Hz, the duty ratio is 5% -95%, and the average current value is 10-1000A. Under the high-energy square wave pulse current mode, the molten drops stably transition in a pulse-by-pulse mode, and the overall heat input is less while the welding seam forming effect is ensured.
Further, when the welding gun moves to the material side (the second profile side) with low heat input amount after arcing, the welding gun changes into triangular track movement, synchronous short-circuit current (a broken line segment in fig. 4) is realized, and the molten drops are transited in a short-circuit transition mode; at this time, the high-energy pulse transition and the short-circuit transition are alternately performed, so that the weld seam can be formed into a scale pattern.
Preferably, in step S30, the welding speed of the first swing track is the same as the welding speed of the second swing track.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating bisection of a semicircular track in the spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials according to the present invention; specifically, when the swing track of the welding gun is a first semicircle or a second semicircle, the swing track comprises a first semicircle section (I), a second semicircle section (II) and a third semicircle section (III) with the central angles of 60 degrees, the starting point of the second semicircle section is coincident with the ending point of the first semicircle section, and the ending point of the second semicircle section is coincident with the starting point of the third semicircle section;
Wherein when the welding gun swings to the first semicircular section or the third semicircular section, the welding gun is perpendicular to a welding plane (a welding surface of the first section bar or the second section bar); tilting the welding gun 10 in a direction deviating from the welding line when the welding gun swings to the second semicircular section; this is provided to concentrate the welding arc range and reduce the heat input to the heat affected zone on the first profile side.
Further, when the swing track of the welding gun is rectangular or triangular, the welding gun is perpendicular to the welding plane, and the angle of the welding gun is not changed.
Further, parameters of the swing track of the welding gun, which can be regulated and controlled, include high-energy square wave pulse current, short-circuit current, welding speed, swing frequency of the welding gun, radius of semicircular track, triangle and rectangle height, which depend on the types and thickness of materials on two sides of a welding line, and the like.
The spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials is provided in detail below by way of specific examples.
Example 1:
When the 6 series section aluminum alloy and the AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy in the aluminum alloy battery tray are welded, the AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy has high Si content and good fluidity in a molten state, but the melting point of the alloy is different from that of the section aluminum alloy by about 100 ℃, and when the two types of aluminum alloys are welded, the welding performance is extremely sensitive to the welding condition. When the welding heat input is smaller, the welding seam forming effect is good, but the two types of aluminum alloy have different penetration, and the side penetration of the cast aluminum alloy often occurs, and the side penetration of the profile aluminum alloy is insufficient; when the welding heat input amount is large, a large number of hydrogen holes and liquefying cracks appear in the welding joint.
And carrying out track-energy synchronous control swing welding on the 6-series profile aluminum alloy-AlSi 10MnMg cast aluminum alloy. During welding, a 6-series section aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3mm and an AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy sample plate are placed in a fixed clamp, the sample plate does not need to be beveled, the gap between the two sample plates is 0.5mm, an aluminum-silicon welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is used, shielding gas is Ar gas with the concentration of 99.999%, and the welding speed is 0.5m/min. The welding starting point and the welding end point are determined, the two sides of the connecting line of the two points are respectively provided with a 6-series section aluminum alloy and an AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy, when a welding gun moves to the 6-series section aluminum alloy, the swing track is a semicircle with the radius of 2mm, when the welding gun moves to the AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy, the swing track is a triangle with the height of 1.5mm, the arc acts on the section aluminum alloy for a long time under the semicircle track, and meanwhile, the high-energy square wave pulse current ensures the penetration of the section aluminum alloy and cannot cause overlarge heat input quantity. Compared with a semicircular track, the triangular track has a shorter movement route, so that the melting quantity of the aluminum alloy base metal cast by the AlSi10MnMg is reduced, and meanwhile, the disturbance of a molten pool can be enhanced by the reciprocating movement of the welding gun and the pulse-short circuit mixed transition form of the molten drops, and the escape of hydrogen pores and the grain refinement are accelerated. 6 is synchronous high-energy square wave pulse current of section bar aluminum alloy side semi-circular swing track, synchronous short-circuit current of AlSi10MnMg cast aluminum alloy triangle swing track.
The spiral swing welding method for the dissimilar materials based on the track-energy synchronous control realizes the cooperative control of the welding motion track and the current process condition, widens the welding process space, ensures the alternation of high-energy square wave pulse current and short-circuit current, has higher arc stability, reduces the power consumption in the welding process, realizes the single-sided welding and double-sided forming of the welding seam, ensures the attractive appearance of the welding seam, and can realize the high-performance welding of the dissimilar materials with different welding performances. Taking the welding of the profile aluminum alloy and the cast aluminum alloy as an example, the porosity of the welded joint is controlled to be below 5 percent, which is reduced by 80 percent compared with the traditional welding method, and the strength of the welded joint reaches about 85 percent of the base metal.
Specifically, the technical principle of the spiral swing welding method for the dissimilar materials adopted by the invention is as follows:
Because of the performance difference of the section aluminum alloy and the cast aluminum alloy, the welding heat input quantity of the section aluminum alloy and the cast aluminum alloy parent metal at two sides is the same when welding is performed by the common welding process, but the two types of aluminum alloys have different penetration, the cast aluminum alloy has low melting point and more melting quantity, and part of hydrogen remains in the defects of casting shrinkage cavity and the like in the production process of the cast aluminum alloy, so the cast aluminum alloy has higher hydrogen content and is easy to generate hydrogen hole defects when welding. In addition, the cast aluminum alloy has higher Si content, a large amount of Al-Si eutectic phase (577 ℃) is precipitated on the side close to the cast aluminum alloy in the solidification process of a molten pool, the solubility of hydrogen in the liquid aluminum alloy is suddenly reduced near the temperature, a large amount of hydrogen is precipitated from the liquid aluminum alloy, and the precipitated Al-Si eutectic phase provides a nucleation point for hydrogen holes, so the hydrogen hole content on the side of the cast aluminum alloy is obviously large. The expansion coefficient (23.2) of the profile aluminum alloy side is larger, larger tensile stress is easy to generate during welding, and the maximum crack tendency of the profile aluminum alloy side corresponds to the maximum solidification temperature interval of the alloy. In the later stage of solidification and crystallization of the welding seam, the eutectic with low welding heat input is extruded to the grain boundary to form a liquid film, and after solidification, a grain boundary liquefaction structure consisting of solute-poor alpha (Al) +eutectic crystals is formed, so that liquefaction cracks are formed under the action of tensile stress. In order to solve the problem, a welding method of decentering to the profile side is often adopted, so that a certain effect is achieved on reducing hydrogen holes, but the heat input quantity of the profile aluminum alloy side is overlarge, and the generation of liquefaction cracks is aggravated.
When the spiral swing welding method of the dissimilar materials is adopted, the melting amount of the cast aluminum alloy is controlled, and the dissolution amount of hydrogen in a molten pool is reduced; in addition, in the swing track welding process, the track has periodic reciprocating motion, so that secondary heat input is carried out on the part in the solidification process, precipitated Al-Si eutectic phases are scattered, and nucleation points of hydrogen holes are reduced; the reciprocating action of the swing track is matched with the pulse transition of the molten drops, so that the state flow of a molten pool is more severe, the escape of hydrogen holes and the refinement of weld seam grain structures are facilitated, materials can be timely provided for filling in the formation process of liquefied cracks, the further formation of the cracks is inhibited, and in addition, the refinement of grains is also favorable for inhibiting the formation of the liquefied cracks. In addition, the technology is also suitable for welding two same (or different) materials with different thicknesses.
According to the welding performance of the dissimilar materials and the prevention mechanism of welding defects such as air holes and liquefaction cracks, the application provides a spiral swing welding method of the dissimilar materials, which realizes the regulation and control of the differential heat input quantity of the dissimilar materials, and simultaneously further reduces the welding defects such as air holes, liquefaction cracks, coarse grains and the like by regulating and controlling the molten pool state through the transition of molten drops and the alternation of welding tracks. In addition, the technology is also suitable for welding two same (or different) materials with different thicknesses.
Aiming at the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials, which can select swing track types and current process conditions according to the heat input quantity requirements of the dissimilar materials, realize different heat input quantity control through track-energy synchronous swing, and enable materials with different welding performances such as melting points to achieve the same forming effect. Meanwhile, the molten drop transition forms are different under different current process conditions, the molten pool state is regulated and controlled through the actions of the molten drop transition forms and the swing track, the fluidity and the precipitated phase state of the welding molten pool are further influenced, and the occurrence of welding defects such as air holes, liquefied cracks, grain coarsening and the like is inhibited.
In summary, the present invention provides a spiral swing welding method for dissimilar materials, which includes the following steps:
Firstly, providing a first section bar and a second section bar, wherein the welding heat input amount required by the first section bar is larger than that required by the second section bar; secondly, arranging one end of the first section bar and one end of the second section bar close to each other, and determining a welding line between the two sections; finally, carrying out spiral movable welding on a welding gun along the linear direction of a welding line, and carrying out reciprocating swinging motion on the welding gun along the two sides of the welding line so as to realize the connection of dissimilar materials, wherein the length of a first swinging track of the welding gun on one side of a first section bar is longer than that of a second swinging track of the welding gun on one side of a second section bar; according to the welding heat input quantity between the first section and the second section, the welding gun selects the first swing track with a longer swing track to weld the first section with high welding heat input quantity, and simultaneously selects the second swing track with a shorter swing track to weld the second section with low welding heat input quantity, so that the heat input quantity control on the first section and the second section is realized through the synchronous swing of track-energy, the first section and the second section achieve the same forming effect, and the welding defect after welding forming is further reduced.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any of various other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The spiral swing welding method for the dissimilar materials is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S10, providing a first section bar and a second section bar, wherein the welding heat input required by the first section bar is larger than that required by the second section bar;
s20, arranging one end of the first section bar and one end of the second section bar close to each other, and determining a welding line between the two sections;
S30, performing spiral movable welding on a welding gun along the linear direction of the welding line, and performing reciprocating swing motion on the welding gun along the two sides of the welding line to realize connection of dissimilar materials, wherein the length of a first swing track of the welding gun on one side of the first section bar is greater than that of a second swing track of the welding gun on one side of the second section bar.
2. The spiral swing welding method of dissimilar materials according to claim 1, wherein in the step S30, the first swing track comprises m first track units, the second swing track comprises (m-1) second track units, and m is a positive integer greater than 1.
3. The dissimilar material spiral swing welding method according to claim 2, wherein a start point of the nth second track unit coincides with a stop point of the nth first track unit, and a stop point of the nth second track unit coincides with a start point of the (n+1) th first track unit; n is more than 0 and less than or equal to m-1, and n is a positive integer.
4. The spiral swing welding method of dissimilar materials according to claim 2, wherein in the step S30, the first swing track is any one of a first semicircle and a rectangle, and the second swing track is any one of a second semicircle and a triangle;
wherein the diameter of the first semicircle is larger than the diameter of the second semicircle.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S30, when the swing track of the welding gun is a first semicircle or a second semicircle, the swing track includes a first semicircle segment, a second semicircle segment, and a third semicircle segment each having a central angle of 60 °, a start point of the second semicircle segment coincides with a stop point of the first semicircle segment, and a stop point of the second semicircle segment coincides with a start point of the third semicircle segment;
Wherein when the welding gun swings to the first semicircular section or the third semicircular section, the welding gun is perpendicular to a welding plane; when the welding gun swings to the second semicircular section, the welding gun is inclined by 10 degrees to the direction deviating from the welding line.
6. The spiral swing welding method of dissimilar materials according to claim 2, wherein in the step S30, the welding speed of the first swing locus is the same as the welding speed of the second swing locus.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S30, when the welding path of the welding gun is the first swing track, the current signal fed to the welding gun is a high-energy square wave pulse signal; and when the welding path of the welding gun is the second swing track, the current signal fed into the welding gun is a short-circuit current signal.
8. The method for spiral swing welding of dissimilar materials according to claim 7, wherein the frequency of the high-energy square wave pulse signal is 1-1000 Hz, the duty ratio is 5% -95%, and the average current value is 10-1000A.
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