CN118126107A - 甘草次酸衍生物及其制备方法、应用 - Google Patents
甘草次酸衍生物及其制备方法、应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J63/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by expansion of only one ring by one or two atoms
- C07J63/008—Expansion of ring D by one atom, e.g. D homo steroids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
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Abstract
本发明提供甘草次酸衍生物及其制备方法、应用。所述甘草次酸衍生物的结构式如式A所示:;本发明提供一种新结构的甘草次酸衍生物,具有良好的抗凝和抗炎活性,可较好应用于制备同时具有抗凝和抗炎用途的药物,具有一药双功能,具有较高的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物领域,特别涉及甘草次酸衍生物及其制备方法、应用。
背景技术
血栓性疾病(局部血液凝固),是人类发病率和致死率最高的疾病之一,严重威胁人类的健康。目前临床上主要使用抗凝药物用于静脉和动脉血栓栓塞性疾病的预防和治疗。传统的抗凝药物存在诸多限制,如治疗窗狭窄、起效和失效慢、抗凝效果会被含维生素K的食物减弱、与许多药物有相互作用、会引起出血并发症而需要频繁监测。传统抗凝药物已经无法满足相关疾病在临床治疗上需求,迫切需要研发具备:抗凝效果好、安全性高、特异性强、药效学与药动学可预测、起效迅速及消除及时、有效治疗窗口宽、无需临床监测、口服给药、与食物和其他药物相互作用少的新一代抗凝药物。在血液凝固的串联反应过程中FXa处在内、外源凝血途径交汇的中心位置,FX是新一代抗凝剂理想的靶标,首个上市的FXa抑制剂-利伐沙班意外高达600毫克(口服日剂量10mg)的罕见病例报告中也无出血并发症,这进一步证实FXa抑制剂作为抗凝药具有较好的安全性。而来自植物界的甘草次酸已被证实是FXa抑制剂的理想先导化合物,但不同的甘草次酸衍生物活性差异显著,很多甚至没有药物活性。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明提出新的甘草次酸衍生物及其制备方法、应用。本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:甘草次酸衍生物,所述甘草次酸衍生物的结构式如式A所示:
本发明甘草次酸衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照以下用量比例,1.4-1.6mmol化合物B、1.8-2.0mmol溴化苄和500-550mg碳酸钾溶解在4-6mLDMF中,将混合物在室温下搅拌8-18h,得到反应液;
(2)将步骤(1)的反应液依次用8-12ml水、8-12ml盐酸、8-12ml饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,洗涤后使用8-12ml乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相;
(3)步骤(2)有机相干燥过滤后,将有机相减压蒸馏浓缩,得粗产物;
(4)步骤(3)粗产物经硅胶柱纯化,得到化合物A;
所述化合物B的结构式如式B所示:
进一步的,步骤(1),所述化合物B的制备方法包括以下步骤:按照以下用量比例,在甘草次酸10-11mmol、二氧六环200mL的溶液中加入汞合金锌,所述汞合金锌由以下质量体积比例20-25g锌粉、850-950mg HgBr2和150-200mL4%-6%v/vHCl合成;在冰盐浴下滴加8-12mL浓盐酸,得到混合物;将混合物在室温下搅拌反应5-6h,得反应物;反应物用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相;有机相干燥,过滤,浓缩,得粗产物;粗产物以体积比2.8-3.2:0.9-1.1的石油醚:乙酸乙酯为洗脱剂经硅胶柱,得到目标产物。
进一步的,步骤(2),所述盐酸为0.8~1.2%v/vHCl溶液。
进一步的,步骤(3),使用Na2SO4进行干燥过滤。
进一步的,步骤(4),纯化使用洗脱剂为体积比为0.9~1.1:0.9~1.1的石油醚:乙酸乙酯组成。
本发明所述的甘草次酸衍生物在制备抗凝或/和抗炎药物中应用。
本发明所述的甘草次酸衍生物在制备凝血因子FXa抑制剂中应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明合成一种新结构的甘草次酸衍生物A,具有良好的抗凝和抗炎活性,可较好应用于制备同时具有抗凝和抗炎用途的药物,抑制IL-1β活性。
(2)本发明制备的甘草次酸衍生物(化合物A),具有一药双功能,具有更高的应用价值。
(3)本发明制备方法,制备的化合物A纯度高,制备工艺简单,容易实施。
附图说明
图1、2:化合物A的核磁图谱。
图3:化合物A对人FXa蛋白酶抑制率实验结果IC50标准曲线。
图4:化合物A体外抗炎结果,通过免疫荧光染色检测IL-1β蛋白表达量。
图5:化合物A体外抗炎结果,通过RT-qPCR检测IL-1β基因表达量。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明技术内容,下面提供具体实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明。
本发明实施例所用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
本发明实施例所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
本发明化合物中文名称:
PE:石油醚;EA:乙酸乙酯;DMF:二甲基甲酰胺;DMSO:二甲基亚砜。
本发明实施例使用浓盐酸为37%v/v HCl。
甘草次酸的结构式如下:
实施例1
化合物2:在甘草次酸(5g,10.62mmol)的二氧六环(200mL)的溶液中加入汞合金锌(由22g锌粉、901mg HgBr2和180mL5%v/vHCl合成)。在冰盐浴下滴加10mL浓盐酸(37%v/vHCl),得到混合物。然后,将混合物在室温下搅拌反应5h,得反应物;反应物过滤后的滤液加入水(200mL)、乙酸乙酯(150mL)萃取,收集有机相,水洗(200mL*2);水洗后将有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥过滤后,将有机相减压蒸馏浓缩,得粗产物;粗产物经硅胶柱(PE:EA=3:1,v/v),得到纯化白色固体化合物2(4.2g,87%)。
化合物2核磁解谱数据:1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-D6)δ5.12(s,1H),4.26(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),2.95(dt,J=9.9,5.6Hz,2H),1.93(dt,J=13.3,6.7Hz,2H),1.81-1.63(m,5H),1.55-1.38(m,7H),1.27(dq,J=33.8,10.9Hz,5H),1.03(d,J=28.3Hz,7H),0.86(d,J=2.8Hz,8H),0.84-0.74(m,6H),0.74-0.60(m,7H).13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-D6)δ174.34,145.13,122.17,77.33,55.25,53.97,48.13,47.61,43.66,41.61,41.11,38.93,38.76,38.67,36.99,36.66,32.73,32.13,28.73,28.65,27.50,27.00,26.21,23.55,18.54,17.69,17.07,16.56,15.79,0.64.
化合物B的结构式如下:
化合物A:化合物B(700mg,1.53mmol)、溴化苄(314mg,1.836mmol)和碳酸钾(529mg)溶解在DMF(5mL)中。将混合物在室温下搅拌8-18h,得反应液。将反应液依次用水(10mL)、1%v/vHCl(10mL)、H2O(10mL)和饱和NaCl溶液(10mL)洗涤,乙酸乙酯(10mL)萃取,收集有机相。有机相用Na2SO4干燥过滤后,将有机相减压蒸馏浓缩,得粗产物(1.21g)。粗产物经硅胶柱(PE:EA=1:1,v/v)纯化,得到化合物A(520mg,62%).
化合物A的核磁图谱如图1、2所示。
化合物A核磁解谱数据:1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-D6)δ7.38-7.22(m,5H),5.16-5.02(m,2H),5.01(s,1H),2.95(dd,J=9.8,5.8Hz,1H),1.92(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),1.80-1.73(m,3H),1.65(dd,J=26.4,13.3Hz,4H),1.43(dt,J=14.0,7.8Hz,6H),1.35-0.97(m,12H),0.90-0.80(m,10H),0.78(d,J=12.3Hz,3H),0.63(d,J=3.7Hz,7H).13C-NMR(101MHz,CHLOROFORM-D)δ177.10,144.39,136.51,128.56,128.15,122.63,79.10,66.05,55.24,48.19,47.69,44.36,42.89,41.59,39.84,38.86,38.67,38.37,37.01,32.73,32.00,31.38,28.62,28.18,27.30,27.02,26.22,26.02,23.59,18.44,16.85,15.68,15.59.
化合物A(甘草次酸衍生物)的结构式如下:
实施例2-人FXa蛋白酶的实验
实验材料:人类FXa酶(abcam公司);发色底物s-2765(上海源叶生物科技有限公司);Tri-HCl缓冲液(0.05M Tris-HCl,0.1M NaCl,0.1% FBS)
实验方法:在96孔板中加入25μL,50nM用缓冲液稀释的FXa溶液,40μL缓冲液,再加入1μL用DMSO溶解的样品溶液,37℃预热10min,加入40μL,1mg/ml缓冲液稀释的发色底物于37℃,405nM条件下测其吸光值变化,1μLDMSO为实验空白对照。抑制率计算公式如下:
化合物A对人FXa蛋白酶抑制率实验结果IC50标准曲线如图3所示,实验设置浓度(终浓度):0.009μM,0.09μM,0.9μM,9μM,90μM。
化合物A的IC50值如表1所示,并与对照品(甘草次酸)进行对比。
表1
样品名称 | IC50 |
化合物A | 7.638±3.41nM |
GA(对照) | 32.6±1.24uM |
结果显示,相比甘草次酸,本发明甘草次酸衍生物化合物A具有良好的抗凝活性。
实施例3抗炎实验
(1)实验方法:
实验概述:将LPS预刺激的RAW264.7巨噬细胞(引发炎症反应)与各组药物进行体外共培养24小时,并设空白对照,随后分别通过WB,RT-qPCR和免疫荧光检测炎症相关因子(IL-1β)的表达量。
1.细胞培养及传代
RAW264.7细胞在37℃下于含10%胎牛血清、100U/mL青霉素和100μg/mL链霉素的DMEM中培养,细胞在37℃、5% CO2空气环境中生长。待细胞密度长至90%时进行传代,用细胞刮刀将贴壁细胞刮下,然后吹匀使细胞成单个悬浮状态,再转移至15mL离心管,1000r/min(离心半径8cm),离心5min,弃上清液,加入新的培养基重悬,按照1:3进行接种。
2.炎症反应的激活
取RAW264.7细胞细胞悬液(1×106个/mL),加入LPS(1μg/mL)培养24h,从而引发炎症反应
3.炎症因子的检测
将各组药物以300mg/mL的浓度加入到上述炎症引发的RAW264.7细胞细胞中共培养24小时,随后采用RT-qPCR和免疫荧光检测炎症相关因子(IL-1β)的表达量。
1)RT-qPCR
使用TRIzol试剂(Thermo Scientific,Massachusetts,USA)从RAW264.7细胞中分离总RNA,并使用Nanodrop 2000检测其浓度。利用HiScript II逆转录酶合成cDNA,采用SYBR qPCR Master Mix(Vazyme,南京,中国)进行定量PCR,测定细胞中IL-1β和TNF-α的mRNA水平。引物信息如下:
表2引物序列
2)免疫荧光染色
1.封闭:用5%空白山羊血清将样本完全覆盖,切片需放置于湿盒内,细胞孔板可直接将孔板密封好,置于37℃恒温恒湿培养箱孵育30min;
2.一抗稀释:按照说明书要求,将抗体稀释于抗体稀释液中;
3.一抗孵育:吸走封闭液,加入稀释后的一抗,4℃孵育过夜;
4.复温:将样本置于常温,复温15min
5.洗涤:去除抗体工作液,用缓冲液TBST洗涤1次,5分钟;用缓冲液TBS洗涤3次,每次5分钟;
6.二抗稀释:按照说明书要求,将抗体稀释于抗体稀释液中;
7.二抗孵育:避光室温1h;
8.洗涤:去除二抗工作液,用缓冲液TBST洗涤1次,5分钟;用缓冲液TBS洗涤3次,每次5分钟;
9.染核/封片:在样本上滴加DAPI工作液,避光,室温,孵育10分钟;去除DAPI工作液,用缓冲液TBST洗涤1次,5分钟;用缓冲液TBS洗涤3次,每次5分钟;加入抗荧光衰减封片剂后,于荧光显微镜下观察并采集图像。
(2)实验结果
体外抗炎如图4-5及表3-4所示。
表3 RT-qPCR检测结果
炎症因子 | 空白对照 | L52(化合物A) | 甘草次酸 |
IL-1β | 1.02 | 0.53 | 0.62 |
结果显示,相比甘草次酸,本发明甘草次酸衍生物化合物A具有良好的抗炎活性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种甘草次酸衍生物,其特征在于,所述甘草次酸衍生物的结构式如式A所示:
2.权利要求1所述的甘草次酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照以下用量比例,1.4-1.6mmol化合物B、1.8-2.0mmol溴化苄和500-550mg碳酸钾溶解在4-6mLDMF中,将混合物在室温下搅拌8-18h,得到反应液;
(2)将步骤(1)的反应液依次用8-12ml水、8-12ml盐酸、8-12ml饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,洗涤后使用8-12ml乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相;
(3)步骤(2)有机相干燥过滤后,将有机相减压蒸馏浓缩,得粗产物;
(4)步骤(3)粗产物经硅胶柱纯化,得到化合物A;
所述化合物B的结构式如式B所示:
3.根据权利要求2所述的甘草次酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1),所述化合物B的制备方法包括以下步骤:按照以下用量比例,在甘草次酸10-11mmol、二氧六环200mL的溶液中加入汞合金锌,所述汞合金锌由以下质量体积比例20-25g锌粉、850-950mg HgBr2和150-200mL4%-6%v/vHCl合成;在冰盐浴下滴加8-12mL浓盐酸,得到混合物;将混合物在室温下搅拌反应5-6h,得反应物;反应物用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相;有机相干燥,过滤,浓缩,得粗产物;粗产物以体积比2.8-3.2:0.9-1.1的石油醚:乙酸乙酯为洗脱剂经硅胶柱,得到目标产物。
4.根据权利要求2所述的甘草次酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2),所述盐酸为0.8~1.2%v/vHCl溶液。
5.根据权利要求2所述的甘草次酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3),使用Na2SO4进行干燥过滤。
6.根据权利要求2所述的甘草次酸衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4),纯化使用洗脱剂为体积比为0.9~1.1:0.9~1.1的石油醚:乙酸乙酯组成。
7.权利要求1所述的甘草次酸衍生物在制备抗凝或/和抗炎药物中应用。
8.权利要求1所述的甘草次酸衍生物在制备凝血因子FXa抑制剂中应用。
9.权利要求1所述的甘草次酸衍生物在制备抑制IL-1β的抗炎药物中应用。
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