CN1181119C - Technology of producing sodium humate with coal - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a technology for preparing sodium humate from coal. The present invention comprises the following technical processes: firstly, weathered coal is crushed into particles with the particle size of 1.5mm, the coal and water are proportionally added into a reaction kettle, and a prepared solution of nitric acid in the concentration of 1% is further added so as to form a mixture; secondly, the mixture is heated after thoroughly reacting for about 5 to 8 minutes, a proportionally prepared sodium hydroxide solution is simultaneously added into the reaction kettle, the mixture stops heating after being continuously stirred until the liquid is boiled for 10 to 15 minutes, and the present invention has the technical indices of a reaction time of 1 to 2 hours and steam pressure of 0.4Mpa during heating; thirdly, the reaction liquid is pumped into a primary sedimentation tank to settle for 1 hour, and is then pumped into a secondary sedimentation tank to settle for 12 to 24 hours; fourthly, when the settled liquid presents a state of a black paste-form liquid which can be hung on fingers, the settled liquid can be pumped into a preheating tank for preheating; finally, when the liquid in the preheating tank is boiled, the liquid is forced to flow into a drying machine for being dried so as to obtain final products. The present invention has the advantages of simple and practical technology, no environmental pollution, low extraction cost and high extraction rate, and can be popularized and applied.

Description

A kind of technology of producing Sodium salts humic acids with coal

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of technology of producing Sodium salts humic acids with coal.

Background technology

Sodium salts humic acids is the sodium salt of humic acids, and is soluble in water, is that a kind of multi-functional chemical materials has wide industrial and agricultural use, is used for aspects such as forestry, animal husbandry and medicine in a large number.Soluble in water, it has wide industrial and agricultural use as a kind of multi-functional chemical materials for it, also is used for forestry, animal husbandry, livestock industry and medical aspect in a large number, and its application spreads all over a lot of industries of national economy.Its main raw material is weathered coal, brown coal and mud coal etc., and its product is the glossiness pulverulent solids of nonpoisonous and tasteless black, becomes slight alkalinity, and is extremely stable in air, is convenient to store and transportation.Traditional extraction process is comparatively complicated, and extraction yield is low, the extraction cost height, and use the sodium hydroxide contaminate environment in a large number.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of technology of producing Sodium salts humic acids, make it have features simple and practical process with coal, free from environmental pollution, the low and high advantage of extraction yield of extraction cost.For this reason, a kind of technology of producing Sodium salts humic acids with coal, its raw material composition and proportioning are as follows:

Coal: water: sodium hydroxide: nitric acid=90～150: 1300～1800: 5～15: 0.5～1.5

It is to be made of following technological process:

(1), with weathered coal, or brown coal, or mud coal joins in the pulverizer, or pulverize with wet ball mill are broken into the particle that granularity is 1.5mm;

(2), according to the above ratio coal and water are joined in the reactor, stir, add the nitric acid that is mixed with 1% solution again, constantly stir, fully reacted 5～8 minutes, begin heating, simultaneously prepare sodium hydroxid liquid according to the above ratio, join in the reactor, constantly stirring stops heating up to liquid boiling after 10～15 minutes, reaction times needs 1～2 hour, and vapor pressure is 0.4Mpa during heating;

(3), etc. after reaction finishes, the reaction solution in the reactor is extracted into earlier precipitates in the one-level settling tank, be extracted into after 1 hour and precipitate 12～24 hours in the second-level settling pond, sedimentary liquid presents the black pasty state liquid of hanging the finger state;

(4), black pasty state liquid is pumped into preheating in the preheating pond, liquid is the boiling shape and is advisable in the preheating pond;

(5), the liquid from the preheating pond flows to naturally that dryer is semicircle to be received in the bucket, steam drum drying liquid in rotation of rolling, the oven dry thing is a finished product.

Advantage of the present invention is to have features simple and practical process, free from environmental pollution, extraction cost is low, it only is 70% of traditional method cost, than traditional method for extracting rate high about 50%, one ton of Sodium salts humic acids of traditional method for extracting purity 99% need consume six tons of fat coals, and the present invention only consumes three tons in common coal, and saving cost is 50%.

Embodiment

The present invention adopts enamel reaction still, vertical response pot all can.Can make the cylindrical form reactor by oneself for saving cost, by 1 ton of calculating of daily output, cylindrical pot body internal diameter is 90～100 centimeters, adopt the thick quality steel plate of 5～8mm, height is about 1.5 meters, reactor placed and stuck-at-.5 rice * about 1.5 meters platform on, platform is just made with round steel or triangle, and hand steered ladder is arranged, being convenient to operator operates up and down, the platform area is about 4 square metres, and reflection still top is the stirrer of 0.55～0.75kw with the parallel bracket constant power, and the diameter of rotating shaft is 30 centimetres, have oar shape or foliate impeller below, the kettle lower end with 2 cun pipelines that have a valve about 1 meter as delivery pipe, 2 little progress water pipes are inserted in the upper end, and feed 1 cun steam inlet tube, and the air inlet mouth of pipe is from reaching at the bottom of the still about 1 chi, type of heating is the steam direct heating, and vapor pressure is under the 0.4mpa situation usually, and a still tap water needed to seethe with excitement in 10～15 minutes.

Described one-level settling tank, main acting on is precipitation and storage mixed solution, and also the precipitated liquid work is initial to be prepared in order to make, and long 4 meters of one-piece construction is wide 1.5 meters, high 1 meter, and the centre has to reinforce uses horizontal beam just, and water is clay to get final product.This settling tank is because be primary clarifier, can wait waste residue by a large amount of heavy slurries in the precipitation process, so preferably near brighter spacious interior wall one side of outside environment, and leave discharge port on the wall, each about 50 centimeters of slag notch length and widths generally stay 2-3, and are identical with the pond height, the adjacent reactor of settling tank leads in the settling tank discharging button of reaction and gets final product.

Described one-level settling tank is mainly and produces precipitation, and it is made with iron plate or cement material, the dark 1-1.5 rice in pond, and long 2.5 meters, wide 2 meters, can make more than two, decide according to output.Because the time of two-stage precipitation is longer, so can be arranged on more independently place, the liquid that precipitation is good is directly used in the underflow pump suction fore-warmer tank of 0.55kw.

Described preheating pond is to do necessary preparation for oven dry, the snail vapour pipe of pining in advance is directly to arrive dryer by boiler, about 1 cun of vapour pipe bore, preheating pond integral body makes bucket shape, about 1 square metre of top area, it is 1 cun discharge port that the lower end bottommost has diameter, and control valve is arranged, liquid is had in the groove of inflow dryer of control, the snail vapour pipe can circle round, 4～5 circles that spiral, and the preheating pond is in order to save the energy in the working process, utilize drop to carry out works better, keep certain height.The preheating pond plays an important role in whole technological process, can raise the efficiency, and saves time.

Described dryer is a roller dryer, motor is 4kw, 380v, 50hz, 2.8A, drive a step-down gear, step-down gear drives oven dry cylinder per minute and rotates 2～3 commentaries on classics, the dryer one-piece construction is cylindrical, be a semicircle liquid storage tank below, liquid at first enters in the semi-circular groove from the preheating pond, after 180 degree were rotated in the heating of oven dry steam drum diameter, what stay was finished product, goes out finished product one side and with iron brush or spades finished product is rooted out, usual vapor pressure when 0.1～0.2MPa for well, discharge port is local to be tied with floor tile running water mud, is convenient to collect product, and dryer is bought or self-control all can.

Weathered coal joined for 150 kilograms be ground into the particle that granularity is 1.5mm in the pulverizer; Itself and 10 kg of water are joined in the reactor together, stir, add 0.1 kilogram in nitric acid being mixed with 1% solution again, constantly stir, fully reacted 5 minutes, begin to be heated to 50 degree～90 degree, add 10 kilograms of sodium hydroxids simultaneously, sodium hydroxid can be mixed with liquid sodium hydroxid liquid and join in the reactor, and constantly stirring liquid boiling in reactor stops heating after 10～15 minutes, reaction times needs 1.5 hours, and vapor pressure is 0.4Mpa during heating.After reaction finishes, the reaction solution in the reactor is extracted into earlier precipitates in the one-level settling tank, be extracted in the second-level settling pond precipitation after 1 hour 20 hours.When sedimentary liquid presents the black pasty state liquid of hanging the finger state, black pasty state liquid is pumped into preheating in the preheating pond, in the preheating pond liquid be the boiling shape be about 100 the degree be advisable, liquid from the preheating pond flows in the semicircle reception bucket of dryer naturally, the steam drum that rolls is rotating oven dry, the oven dry thing is a finished product, be 50 kilograms, the Sodium salts humic acids of purity 99%.

In a word, features simple and practical process of the present invention, free from environmental pollution, extraction cost is low, and the extraction yield height can be promoted the use of.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of technology of producing Sodium salts humic acids with coal is characterized in that raw material composition and proportioning are as follows:

Coal: water: sodium hydroxide: nitric acid=90～150: 1300～1800: 5～15: 0.5～1.5 it be to constitute by following technological process:

(1), with weathered coal, or brown coal, or mud coal joins in the pulverizer, or pulverize with wet ball mill are broken into the particle that granularity is 1.5mm;

(2), according to the above ratio coal and water are joined in the reactor, stir, add the nitric acid that is mixed with 1% solution again, constantly stir, fully reacted 5～8 minutes, begin heating, simultaneously prepare sodium hydroxid liquid according to the above ratio, join in the reactor, constantly stirring stops heating up to liquid boiling after 10～15 minutes, reaction times needs 1～2 hour, and vapor pressure is 0.4Mpa during heating;

(3), etc. after reaction finishes, the reaction solution in the reactor is extracted into earlier precipitates in the one-level settling tank, be extracted into after 1 hour and precipitate 12～24 hours in the second-level settling pond, sedimentary liquid presents the black pasty state liquid of hanging the finger state;

(4), black pasty state liquid is pumped into preheating in the preheating pond, liquid is the boiling shape and is advisable in the preheating pond;

(5), the liquid from the preheating pond flows to naturally that dryer is semicircle to be received in the bucket, steam drum drying liquid in rotation of rolling, the oven dry thing is a finished product.