CN118090671A - Crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using same - Google Patents
Crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118090671A CN118090671A CN202410467074.XA CN202410467074A CN118090671A CN 118090671 A CN118090671 A CN 118090671A CN 202410467074 A CN202410467074 A CN 202410467074A CN 118090671 A CN118090671 A CN 118090671A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- crop
- vegetation index
- normalized vegetation
- light source
- crop canopy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-Epiaffinine Natural products C1C(C2=CC=CC=C2N2)=C2C(=O)CC2C(=CC)CN(C)C1C2CO PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003715 nutritional status Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water and fertilizer monitoring, and provides a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and a water and fertilizer diagnosis method using the same. Above-mentioned crop liquid manure monitoring devices includes: the device comprises a vertical rod, a transverse frame, a normalized vegetation index sensor and a controller; the normalized vegetation index sensor is arranged on the transverse frame; the normalized vegetation index sensor includes: a light source, a photodetector, and an optical assembly; the optical component is used for guiding the irradiation light emitted by the light source to the crop canopy and guiding the reflected light generated by the crop canopy to the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected light formed by the crop canopy reflecting the irradiation light; the light source comprises a first light source and a second light source, and the wavelengths of light rays emitted by the first light source and the second light source are different. The invention has low cost, can realize in-situ monitoring, and can accurately and conveniently monitor the fertilizer surplus and shortage states of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water and fertilizer monitoring, in particular to a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and a method for diagnosing water and fertilizer by using the same.
Background
Accurate monitoring of the moisture and nutrient status of crops is a key to implementing scientific irrigation and proper fertilization. The traditional judgment of the water demand of crops is realized by monitoring the change of soil moisture, and the fertilizer demand of crops is often realized by manually observing and judging the growth vigor and the leaf state of the crops.
Chlorophyll reflects more near infrared and green light and absorbs more red and blue light when the crop leaves undergo photosynthesis. The normalized vegetation index judges the chlorophyll content of the crops by utilizing the principle and diagnoses the fertilizer requirement condition of the crops. The normalized vegetation index is firstly applied to crop growth condition monitoring of a large-scale remote sensing image, and the normalized vegetation index of a large-area land block is obtained through analysis of red light, blue light and near infrared band images of the multispectral hyperspectral remote sensing image, so that information such as coverage, chlorophyll content and the like of crops is judged, and the judging result can be used as the basis of variable fertilization. In addition, a method for measuring the normalized vegetation index by using an unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing method is also provided, the method can monitor the growth condition of a mesoscale crop, can diagnose the fertilizer requirement of the crop aiming at a land block, and in the field in-situ monitoring aspect, the existing visible equipment and method are less.
The remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicle method is poor in timeliness of crop fertilizer requirement diagnosis, the interval of data acquisition depends on satellite images or unmanned aerial vehicle work, long-term monitoring cannot be achieved, and when monitored data are used for fertilizer application decision, large delay often occurs, irreversible damage to crop growth is caused, and yield is reduced. Moreover, the method has a large scale, and can only diagnose the overall fertilizer requirement of farmland crops on a large scale or a mesoscale. The method of installing the multispectral camera in the field can realize in-situ continuous monitoring of the fertilizer requirement condition of crops, but due to the high price of the multispectral camera, the related technical method can only be used in real time in scientific experiments, and is difficult to be applied to actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and a method for diagnosing water and fertilizer by using the same, which are used for solving the problem that the state of fertility deficiency of crops is difficult to continuously, accurately and conveniently diagnose in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized as follows:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device, comprising: the device comprises a vertical rod, a transverse frame, a normalized vegetation index sensor and a controller;
The vertical rod is used for being vertically fixed in a farmland, the transverse frame is arranged on the vertical rod, the normalized vegetation index sensor is arranged on the transverse frame and is configured to face a crop canopy, and the controller is in communication connection with the normalized vegetation index sensor;
the normalized vegetation index sensor comprises: a light source, a photodetector, and an optical assembly;
the optical component is used for guiding the irradiation light emitted by the light source to the crop canopy and guiding the reflected light generated by the crop canopy to the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected light formed by the crop canopy reflecting the irradiation light;
The light source comprises a first light source and a second light source, and the wavelengths of light rays emitted by the first light source and the second light source are different.
According to the crop water and fertilizer monitoring device provided by the invention, the normalized vegetation index sensor further comprises: a rotary support and a first drive member;
The rotary support is rotatably arranged on the transverse frame, and the light source, the photoelectric detector and the optical component are arranged on the rotary support;
the first driving piece is installed in the cross frame, and the first driving piece is in transmission connection with the rotary support.
The invention provides a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device, which further comprises: a height sensor and a height adjustment mechanism;
The transverse frame is connected with the vertical rod through the height adjusting mechanism, and the height adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the transverse frame on the vertical rod;
the height sensor is used for detecting the height of crop canopy, the height sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the height adjusting mechanism;
the controller is used for controlling the working state of the height adjusting mechanism according to the height information of the crop canopy.
The invention provides a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device, which further comprises: an image sensor;
the image sensor is arranged on the transverse frame and is used for shooting visible light pictures of crop canopy;
The image sensor is electrically connected with the controller.
The invention provides a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device, which further comprises: a moisture sensor;
The moisture sensor is arranged in soil of the farmland and is used for detecting moisture of the soil;
The moisture sensor is in communication with the controller.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using the crop water and fertilizer monitoring device, comprising: acquiring first reflected light intensity of the crop canopy irradiated by the first light source and second reflected light intensity of the crop canopy irradiated by the second light source;
Calculating a normalized vegetation index of the crop based on the first reflected light intensity and the second reflected light intensity;
and judging the fertility state of the crops according to the normalized vegetation index.
The method for diagnosis provided by the invention further comprises the following steps: acquiring first reflected light intensity and second reflected light intensity reflected by crop canopy in different areas in a detection plane; determining a progressive normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy in the detection plane based on the first reflected light intensity and the second reflected light intensity reflected by the crop canopy in different areas;
correcting the normalized vegetation index based on the progressive normalized vegetation index.
According to the diagnostic method provided by the invention, the correction of the normalized vegetation index based on the progressive normalized vegetation index specifically comprises:
obtaining visible light images of crop canopy;
identifying a leaf position of the crop based on the visible light image;
determining a normalized vegetation index for each leaf position in a detection plane based on the row-by-row normalized vegetation index and the leaf position;
Determining the normalized vegetation index of a crop canopy based on the normalized vegetation index of the leaf position.
The method for diagnosis provided by the invention further comprises the following steps:
Acquiring the height of a crop canopy;
And controlling the distance between the normalized vegetation index sensor and the crop canopy to be at a preset value based on the height.
The method for diagnosis provided by the invention further comprises the following steps:
Acquiring the moisture content of soil;
Correcting the normalized vegetation index based on the soil moisture content.
According to the crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and the method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using the same, the light source, the photoelectric detector and the optical component are arranged on the normalized vegetation index sensor which is fixedly arranged in the field, two light rays with different wavelengths are alternately emitted by the first light source and the second light source and guided to the crop canopy by the optical component, the optical component guides the light rays reflected by the crop canopy to the light ray detector, the light ray detector detects the intensity of the reflected light of the first light source and the second light source, and the normalized vegetation index of crops is further acquired, so that the fertilizer requirement state of the crops can be judged, and compared with the case that the normalized vegetation index of the crops is acquired by using the multispectral camera, the crop water and fertilizer monitoring device provided by the invention has the advantages that the in-situ monitoring is realized, the multispectral absorptivity data of the crop canopy can be accurately and continuously acquired, and the fertilizer surplus and shortage states of the crops can be accurately and conveniently monitored.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a normalized vegetation index sensor provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the photodetector and the second convex lens provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a light source and a first convex lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a height adjustment mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a control structure block diagram of the crop water and fertilizer monitoring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a diagnostic method based on a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 8 is a second flow chart of the diagnostic method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of modifying a normalized vegetation index based on a progressive normalized vegetation index provided by the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a third flow chart of the diagnostic method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a fourth flow chart of the diagnostic method provided by the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a calculation process of a normalized vegetation index of a crop canopy provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. A monitoring device;
11. A vertical rod; 12. a cross frame; 13. normalizing the vegetation index sensor; 14. a controller; 15. a height sensor; 16. a height adjusting mechanism; 17. an image sensor; 18. a moisture sensor; 19. a solar panel; 131. a light source; 132. a photodetector; 133. an optical component; 134. a rotary support; 135. a first driving member; 161. a guide rod; 162. a second driving member; 163. a screw; 164. a protective cover; 1311. a first light source; 1312. a second light source; 1331. a first convex lens; 1332. a second convex lens; 1641. a strip-shaped opening;
2. Crop canopy.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and the diagnosis method provided by the embodiment of the invention are described in detail below by means of specific embodiments and application scenes thereof with reference to fig. 1 to 12.
In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 6, the present embodiment provides a crop water and fertilizer monitoring apparatus 1, including: the vertical rod 11, the transverse frame 12, the normalized vegetation index sensor 13 and the controller 14.
The pole setting 11 is arranged in vertical fixing in the farmland, and the crossbearer 12 is located on the pole setting 11, and normalized vegetation index sensor 13 is installed on the crossbearer 12, and normalized vegetation index sensor 13 is configured towards crop canopy 2, and the controller 14 is connected with normalized vegetation index sensor 13 communication.
The normalized vegetation index sensor 13 includes: a light source 131, a photodetector 132, and an optical assembly 133.
The light source 131 is used for emitting illumination light to the crop canopy 2, the optical component 133 is used for guiding the illumination light emitted by the light source 131 to the crop canopy 2, and guiding reflected light generated by the crop canopy 2 to the photodetector 132, and the photodetector 132 is used for receiving reflected light formed by reflection of the illumination light by the crop canopy 2.
The light source 131 includes a first light source 1311 and a second light source 1312, where the wavelengths of light emitted by the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 are different.
It is understood that the normalized vegetation index can reflect the chlorophyll content of the leaves of the crop, and when the crop is irradiated with light of a wavelength required for photosynthesis of the crop, photosynthesis of the crop absorbs light to attenuate reflected light, and when the crop is irradiated with light which cannot be absorbed by photosynthesis, light is totally reflected. The normalized vegetation index sensor 13 of the embodiment alternately irradiates the crop canopy 2 with light of two wavelengths, detects the intensity of the reflected light, and reflects the chlorophyll content of the crop through the normalized vegetation index of the light of two wavelengths, thereby diagnosing the fertility condition of the crop.
In this embodiment, the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 with different wavelengths are selected, and the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 are linear light sources, the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 are alternately arranged in a linear manner, the optical component 133 includes a first convex lens 1331 and a second convex lens 1332, the first convex lens 1331 is disposed between the light emitting end of the light source 131 and the crop canopy 2, the second convex lens 1332 is coaxially disposed with the detection end of the photodetector 132, and the light emitted by the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 sequentially passes through the first convex lens 1331, the crop canopy 2 and the second convex lens 1332 and then reaches the photodetector 132. Specifically, the light emitted by the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 passes through the first convex lens 1331 to form a linear scanning light, and after being reflected by the crop canopy 2, the light is collected by the second convex lens 1332 and focused on the photodetector 132, and in a specific operation, the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 are alternately turned on, and the intensity of the reflected light is detected at the same time, so that the normalized vegetation index in the light irradiation range can be obtained.
Specifically, the present embodiment may set the wavelength of the first light source 1311 to 650nm and the wavelength of the second light source 1312 to 830nm.
Alternatively, the light source 131 may employ an LED light source, the first convex lens 1331 may be a cylindrical convex lens, the second convex lens 1332 may be a circular convex lens, and the photodetector 132 may be any one of a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, a photo-transistor, or a phototransistor.
The controller 14 in this embodiment realizes automatic acquisition, calculation and remote uploading of data, and specifically, the controller 14 may be a PLC controller or a single chip microcomputer. The controller 14 of the present embodiment is mounted on the upright 11.
Optionally, the solar panel 19 is further provided in this embodiment, and the solar panel 19 is disposed on the upright 11, and the solar panel 19 can provide stable and continuous electric energy for the monitoring device 1, without an external power supply.
According to the crop water and fertilizer monitoring device 1 provided by the invention, the light source 131, the photoelectric detector 132 and the optical component 133 are arranged on the normalized vegetation index sensor 13 which is fixedly arranged in the field, two light rays with different wavelengths are alternately emitted through the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 and guided to the crop canopy 2 through the optical component 133, the optical component 133 guides the light rays reflected by the crop canopy 2 to the light ray detector, the light ray detector detects the intensity of the reflected light of the first light source 1311 and the second light source 1312 and further acquires the normalized vegetation index of crops, so that the fertilizer requirement state of crops can be judged, and compared with the case that the normalized vegetation index of crops is acquired by using a multispectral camera, the crop water and fertilizer monitoring device 1 provided by the invention has the advantages that the in-situ monitoring is realized, the multispectral absorptivity data of the crop canopy 2 can be accurately and continuously acquired, and the fertilizer surplus state of crops can be accurately and conveniently monitored.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the normalized vegetation index sensor 13 of the present embodiment further includes: a rotating support 134 and a first drive 135.
The rotary support 134 is rotatably disposed on the cross frame 12, and the light source 131, the photodetector 132, and the optical assembly 133 are disposed on the rotary support 134.
The first driving member 135 is mounted to the cross frame 12, and the first driving member 135 is in driving connection with the swivel mount 134.
It will be appreciated that the rotating support 134 may rotate about an axis perpendicular to the cross frame 12 and in a horizontal direction, thereby enabling the light source 131, the photodetector 132 and the optical assembly 133 to all rotate through a certain angle, and the first driving member 135 drives the rotating support 134 to rotate.
Alternatively, the first driving member 135 may be a motor.
In the detection process, the light source 131, the photodetector 132 and the optical component 133 of the embodiment can sequentially rotate by a certain angle, and continuously measure the normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy 2 while the angle changes, so as to realize progressive scanning of the normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy 2 in a certain range, form a detection plane in a certain area, and obtain the progressive normalized vegetation index on the detection plane, thereby being capable of fully reflecting the chlorophyll condition of the crop canopy 2.
In this embodiment, the rotating support 134 is provided, so that the light path structure from the light source 131 to the crop canopy 2 to the photodetector 132 can rotate, and by changing the direction of light emission and reflection, a scan of a normalized crop vegetation index of a certain range of the crop canopy 2 can be formed.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the crop water and fertilizer monitoring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment further includes: a height sensor 15 and a height adjustment mechanism 16.
The cross frame 12 is connected with the upright 11 through a height adjusting mechanism 16, and the height adjusting mechanism 16 is used for adjusting the position of the cross frame 12 on the upright 11.
The height sensor 15 is used for detecting the height of the crop canopy 2, the height sensor 15 is electrically connected with the controller 14, and the controller 14 is electrically connected with the height adjusting mechanism 16.
The controller 14 is used for controlling the working state of the height adjusting mechanism 16 according to the height information of the crop canopy 2.
It will be appreciated that as the crop grows, the height of the crop increases gradually, and that in order to ensure that the normalized vegetation index sensor 13 is always spaced the same distance from the crop canopy 2, the spacing distance of the cross frame 12 from the crop needs to be adjusted as the height of the crop changes.
The height sensor 15 of the present embodiment may employ an ultrasonic sensor that detects the height of the crop canopy 2 by actively transmitting ultrasonic waves to the crop canopy 2, measuring the time difference in receiving the reflected waves.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the height adjusting mechanism 16 of the present embodiment includes: the guide rod 161, the second driving piece 162 and the screw 163, the screw 163 is arranged on one side of the vertical rod 11 and extends along the vertical direction, the screw 163 is arranged in parallel with the guide rod 161, the second driving piece 162 is arranged on the vertical rod 11 and is in transmission connection with the screw 163, the transverse frame 12 comprises a connector and a body, the connector is arranged at one end of the body close to the vertical rod 11, the connector is sleeved on the guide rod 161 and the screw 163, and the second driving piece 162 drives the transverse frame 12 to reciprocate along the height direction of the vertical rod 11.
Alternatively, the second driver 162 may be a stepper motor.
The height adjustment mechanism 16 of the present embodiment further includes: the protection cover 164, the protection cover 164 has the protection chamber, and guide bar 161, second driving piece 162, screw rod 163 and connector are located the protection intracavity, are equipped with bar opening 1641 along the length direction of protection cover 164, bar opening 1641 and protection chamber intercommunication, and bar opening 1641 is worn to locate by the body, and the protection cover 164 is used for protecting guide bar 161, second driving piece 162 and screw rod 163 from the dust or the influence of grit of environment, and bar opening 1641 is used for ensuring that crossbearer 12 can follow vertical direction and remove, is not sheltered from by the protection cover 164.
In practical application, in order to save power consumption, the height sensor 15 measures the distance between the crop canopy 2 and the height sensor 15 once at intervals of a certain time (several hours or one day), and feeds back the measured result to the controller 14, when the distance between the height sensor 15 and the crop canopy 2 is smaller than a preset value, the controller 14 drives the second driving member 162 to rotate and drives the screw 163 to rotate, so that the transverse frame 12 moves upwards along the guide rod 161, and after the distance between the height sensor 15 and the crop canopy 2 reaches the preset value, the controller 14 controls the second driving member 162 to stop working, thereby ensuring that the detection of the normalized vegetation index is always at the same height.
According to the embodiment, the height sensor 15 and the height adjusting mechanism 16 are arranged, so that the transverse frame 12 can be subjected to height self-adaptive adjustment, the measurement distance between the normalized vegetation index sensor 13 and the crop canopy 2 is adjusted, the automatic adjustment of the distance between the normalized vegetation index sensor 13 and the crop canopy 2 is realized, manual intervention is not needed, and the automation level is improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the crop water and fertilizer monitoring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment further includes: an image sensor 17.
The image sensor 17 is arranged on the transverse frame 12, and the image sensor 17 is used for shooting visible light pictures of the crop canopy 2.
The image sensor 17 is electrically connected to the controller 14.
It can be understood that when calculating the normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy 2, the influence of the non-leaf elements in the detection area on the normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy 2 is larger, the image sensor 17 is provided in this embodiment, when the normalized vegetation index sensor 13 is used to measure the normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy 2 row by row, the visible light photo of the crop canopy 2 is taken, and the leaf position of the crop is identified by the visible light image of the crop canopy 2, so as to remove the non-leaf elements and obtain the normalized vegetation index of the leaf of the crop canopy 2, thereby making the calculation result of the normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy 2 more accurate.
Specifically, the image sensor 17 may employ a camera.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the crop water and fertilizer monitoring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment further includes: a moisture sensor 18.
The moisture sensor 18 is installed in soil of a farmland, and the moisture sensor 18 detects moisture of the soil.
The moisture sensor 18 is communicatively coupled to the controller 14.
It can be understood that when the crop is in a water stress state, photosynthesis of the crop is weakened, and the normalized crop vegetation index of the crop canopy 2 is also reduced, and if the normalized crop vegetation index of the crop canopy 2 is measured in a water-deficient state, accuracy of data is affected.
Specifically, the moisture sensor 18 of the present embodiment may be a multi-section soil moisture sensor that measures the soil moisture content of the water-absorbing layer of the crop root system.
In the embodiment, the moisture sensor 18 is used for measuring and monitoring the soil moisture data of the land block in real time, and the normalization index of the vegetation of the crop canopy 2 is corrected while the water demand condition of crops is reflected, so that the aim of simultaneously diagnosing the water and the fertilizer on line is fulfilled, and the accuracy of measuring the normalization index of the vegetation is improved.
In a second aspect, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using a crop water and fertilizer monitoring device, including the steps of:
Step 711, obtaining a first reflected light intensity of the crop canopy under the irradiation of the first light source and a second reflected light intensity of the crop canopy under the irradiation of the second light source.
At step 712, a normalized vegetation index of the crop is calculated based on the first reflected light intensity and the second reflected light intensity.
Step 713, judging the fertility status of the crop according to the normalized vegetation index.
It can be understood that the method of active linear light source detection is adopted in the measurement of the normalized vegetation index in this embodiment, the first light source and the second light source alternately emit illumination light with different wavelengths to the crop canopy, so as to form linear scanning light, and a strip-shaped photoelectric detector is adopted to detect the light intensity reflected by the crop canopy, and as the crop absorbs light with the wavelength required by photosynthesis and the crop reflects light which cannot be absorbed by photosynthesis, the normalized vegetation index of the two wavelengths can be calculated by detecting the reflected light intensity of the light with the two wavelengths. Based on the intensity of the first reflected light and the intensity of the second reflected light, calculating a normalized vegetation index of the crop, namely reflecting chlorophyll content of the crop, thereby judging the fertility status of the crop.
Specifically, the formula for calculating the normalized vegetation index is shown as formula (1):
（1）
in the formula (1), NDVI represents a normalized vegetation index, Representing the light intensity of the first reflected light of the crop canopy under the irradiation of the first light source,/>Representing the intensity of the second reflected light from the crop canopy illuminated by the second light source.
According to the embodiment, the crop canopy is alternately emitted with two different wavelengths, the intensity of reflected light of the two lights is obtained, the normalized vegetation index is calculated, the fertility status of crops is judged, the diagnosis of the fertility status of the crops is conveniently and accurately realized, and the cost is low.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, the method of diagnosing of the present embodiment further includes the steps of:
Step 811, obtaining first reflected light intensity and second reflected light intensity reflected by crop canopy in different areas in the detection plane; and determining a progressive normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy in the detection plane based on the first reflected light intensity and the second reflected light intensity reflected by the crop canopy in different areas.
Step 812, correcting the normalized vegetation index based on the progressive normalized vegetation index.
It can be understood that based on the rotation of the rotating bracket, the linear light rays emitted by the first light source and the second light source can rotate by a plurality of angles to form a plurality of lines of linear light rays which are reflected by the crop canopy, the controller obtains the light intensity of the first reflected light and the light intensity of the second reflected light in the detection plane, calculates the normalized vegetation index of a plurality of lines in a certain area, and can further correct the normalized vegetation index by eliminating the non-leaf factors in the visible light image of the crop canopy, so that the obtaining range of the normalized vegetation index is expanded from the linear type to the detection plane, the detection range of the spectral absorption data of the crop canopy is enlarged, the comprehensiveness of the fertility diagnosis of the crop canopy is facilitated, and the correction of the normalized vegetation index enables the obtained result to be more accurate.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 9 and 12, the correcting the normalized vegetation index based on the progressive normalized vegetation index of the present embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
In step 911, a visible light image of the crop canopy is acquired.
Step 912, identifying a leaf position of the crop based on the visible light image.
Step 913, determining a normalized vegetation index for each leaf position in the detection plane based on the row-by-row normalized vegetation index and the leaf position.
Step 914, determining a normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy based on the normalized vegetation index of the leaf position.
It can be appreciated that including the normalized vegetation index of the non-leaf position in the obtained normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy affects the determination of chlorophyll content of the crop.
As shown in fig. 12, firstly, the embodiment photographs a crop canopy to obtain a visible light image of the crop canopy, the visible light image includes leaves and soil, and uses a normalization index sensor to obtain a normalization vegetation index of the crop canopy row by row, secondly, according to the principle that the numerical value of each row is the same, the one-dimensional normalization vegetation index scanned row by row is expanded to a two-dimensional image array, and the image processing technology is used to identify the leaf position of the crop canopy in the visible light image, obtain the crop coverage, and then affine change is performed with the crop leaf position image identified by the image, the normalization vegetation index of the leaf position in the detection area is matched, the normalization vegetation index value of the soil position is removed, an effective part in the normalization vegetation index data is obtained, and finally, the normalization vegetation index average value of the whole crop canopy is averaged, so that the accuracy of the normalization vegetation index value of the whole crop canopy detection area is improved.
According to the embodiment, by using the method that the visible light image of the crop canopy and the crop canopy scanning image are fused, the visible light image of the crop canopy is used for identifying the leaf position of the crop canopy, the interference of non-leaf is removed, the interference part is removed from the crop canopy scanning data, the measurement precision of the crop canopy vegetation normalization index is improved, and the requirement of fertilization decision is met.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, the method of diagnosing of the present embodiment further includes the steps of:
In step 1011, the height of the crop canopy is obtained.
Step 1012, controlling the spacing between the normalized vegetation index sensor and the crop canopy based on the altitude at a preset value.
It can be understood that, since the height of the crop will increase with the growth of the crop, in order to detect the normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy at an equal interval with the crop canopy, the embodiment detects the height of the crop canopy before detecting the crop canopy, and adjusts the interval between the normalized vegetation index sensor and the crop canopy so that the interval is within a preset value range, so as to ensure that the equal interval is always maintained between the normalized vegetation index sensor and the crop canopy during the height variation process of the crop, so as to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the normalized vegetation index measurement of the crop canopy.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 11, the method of diagnosis of the present embodiment further includes the steps of:
and 1111, obtaining the moisture content of the soil.
Step 1112, correcting the normalized vegetation index based on the soil moisture content.
It can be understood that under the condition of soil water shortage, the normalized crop vegetation index of the crop canopy is also affected, so that the judgment of the fertility surplus shortage of crops is affected, therefore, the embodiment obtains the soil moisture content, judges the water stress condition of crops, corrects the normalized crop vegetation index of the crop canopy while obtaining the water demand information of the crops, removes the influence of the water stress on index monitoring, and realizes reliable integrated measurement of the water and the fertilizer of the crops.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations may be made in the techniques described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Crop liquid manure monitoring device, characterized by includes: the device comprises a vertical rod, a transverse frame, a normalized vegetation index sensor and a controller;
The vertical rod is used for being vertically fixed in a farmland, the transverse frame is arranged on the vertical rod, the normalized vegetation index sensor is arranged on the transverse frame and is configured to face a crop canopy, and the controller is in communication connection with the normalized vegetation index sensor;
the normalized vegetation index sensor comprises: a light source, a photodetector, and an optical assembly;
the optical component is used for guiding the irradiation light emitted by the light source to the crop canopy and guiding the reflected light generated by the crop canopy to the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected light formed by the crop canopy reflecting the irradiation light;
The light source comprises a first light source and a second light source, and the wavelengths of light rays emitted by the first light source and the second light source are different.
2. The crop water and fertilizer monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the normalized vegetation index sensor further comprises: a rotary support and a first drive member;
The rotary support is rotatably arranged on the transverse frame, and the light source, the photoelectric detector and the optical component are arranged on the rotary support;
the first driving piece is installed in the cross frame, and the first driving piece is in transmission connection with the rotary support.
3. The crop water and fertilizer monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising: a height sensor and a height adjustment mechanism;
The transverse frame is connected with the vertical rod through the height adjusting mechanism, and the height adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the transverse frame on the vertical rod;
the height sensor is used for detecting the height of crop canopy, the height sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the height adjusting mechanism;
the controller is used for controlling the working state of the height adjusting mechanism according to the height information of the crop canopy.
4. The crop water and fertilizer monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising: an image sensor;
the image sensor is arranged on the transverse frame and is used for shooting visible light pictures of crop canopy;
The image sensor is electrically connected with the controller.
5. The crop water and fertilizer monitoring device of claim 4, further comprising: a moisture sensor;
The moisture sensor is arranged in soil of the farmland and is used for detecting moisture of the soil;
The moisture sensor is in communication with the controller.
6. A method of performing a water and fertilizer diagnosis using the crop water and fertilizer monitoring apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
acquiring first reflected light intensity of the crop canopy irradiated by the first light source and second reflected light intensity of the crop canopy irradiated by the second light source;
Calculating a normalized vegetation index of the crop based on the first reflected light intensity and the second reflected light intensity;
and judging the fertility state of the crops according to the normalized vegetation index.
7. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising: acquiring first reflected light intensity and second reflected light intensity reflected by crop canopy in different areas in a detection plane; determining a progressive normalized vegetation index of the crop canopy in the detection plane based on the first reflected light intensity and the second reflected light intensity reflected by the crop canopy in different areas;
correcting the normalized vegetation index based on the progressive normalized vegetation index.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein modifying the normalized vegetation index based on the progressive normalized vegetation index specifically comprises:
obtaining visible light images of crop canopy;
identifying a leaf position of the crop based on the visible light image;
determining a normalized vegetation index for each leaf position in a detection plane based on the row-by-row normalized vegetation index and the leaf position;
Determining the normalized vegetation index of a crop canopy based on the normalized vegetation index of the leaf position.
9. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising:
Acquiring the height of a crop canopy;
And controlling the distance between the normalized vegetation index sensor and the crop canopy to be at a preset value based on the height.
10. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising:
Acquiring the moisture content of soil;
Correcting the normalized vegetation index based on the soil moisture content.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410467074.XA CN118090671B (en) | 2024-04-18 | 2024-04-18 | Crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410467074.XA CN118090671B (en) | 2024-04-18 | 2024-04-18 | Crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118090671A true CN118090671A (en) | 2024-05-28 |
| CN118090671B CN118090671B (en) | 2024-08-20 |
Family
ID=91158759
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410467074.XA Active CN118090671B (en) | 2024-04-18 | 2024-04-18 | Crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118090671B (en) |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101482514A (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-15 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Disease detecting instrument and method |
| US20110047867A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2011-03-03 | Holland Kyle H | Plant treatment based on a water invariant chlorophyll index |
| CN103293113A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-11 | 南京农业大学 | Initiative light source type crop canopy reflection spectral measurement device and method |
| CN103398959A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-11-20 | 南京农业大学 | Device for measuring effective irradiation area of active light source in crop canopy reflection spectrum measurement |
| CN103674855A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-26 | 南京农业大学 | Optical path system used for monitoring crop growth information |
| CN107389613A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-24 | 广西大学 | LED light-pulse generator formula index number of canopy vegetation of crops measurement systems |
| CN107991245A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-04 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of crop spectral information harvester and crop vegetation index acquisition methods |
| US20180299327A1 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-10-18 | Topcon Corporation | Sensor device for plants |
| US10386296B1 (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-08-20 | Arable Labs, Inc. | Systems and methods for determination and application of nitrogen fertilizer using crop canopy measurements |
| CN112540060A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-23 | 吉林农业大学 | Normalized vegetation index acquisition device and method |
| KR102251140B1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-05-12 | 신석철 | lighting control device and system |
| CN116171753A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-30 | 四川农业大学 | Lighting device and method of mobile animal and plant cultivation equipment |
-
2024
- 2024-04-18 CN CN202410467074.XA patent/CN118090671B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110047867A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2011-03-03 | Holland Kyle H | Plant treatment based on a water invariant chlorophyll index |
| CN101482514A (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-15 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Disease detecting instrument and method |
| CN103293113A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-09-11 | 南京农业大学 | Initiative light source type crop canopy reflection spectral measurement device and method |
| CN103398959A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-11-20 | 南京农业大学 | Device for measuring effective irradiation area of active light source in crop canopy reflection spectrum measurement |
| CN103674855A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-26 | 南京农业大学 | Optical path system used for monitoring crop growth information |
| US20180299327A1 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-10-18 | Topcon Corporation | Sensor device for plants |
| CN107389613A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-24 | 广西大学 | LED light-pulse generator formula index number of canopy vegetation of crops measurement systems |
| CN107991245A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-04 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of crop spectral information harvester and crop vegetation index acquisition methods |
| US10386296B1 (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-08-20 | Arable Labs, Inc. | Systems and methods for determination and application of nitrogen fertilizer using crop canopy measurements |
| KR102251140B1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-05-12 | 신석철 | lighting control device and system |
| CN112540060A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-23 | 吉林农业大学 | Normalized vegetation index acquisition device and method |
| CN116171753A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-30 | 四川农业大学 | Lighting device and method of mobile animal and plant cultivation equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118090671B (en) | 2024-08-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7911616B2 (en) | Sensor and method of detecting the condition of a turf grass | |
| IL281331B1 (en) | Inspection system for use in monitoring plants in plant growth areas | |
| CN1286898A (en) | Diagnostic method for nutrition condition of crops in plantation | |
| CN113588086B (en) | Ocean atmosphere integrated hyperspectral radiometric system and method | |
| CN110065074A (en) | A kind of the visual servo laser orientation system and method for picking robot | |
| US11756136B2 (en) | Upward facing light sensor for plant detection | |
| JP2006314215A (en) | Growth-degree measuring device for being installed on mobile body | |
| CN106370297A (en) | High-precision automatic sun photometer | |
| CN109243268A (en) | A kind of the aerospace test of visible images detector and demonstration and verification platform and method | |
| CN110927118B (en) | Vegetation index measuring instrument, control method and measuring method | |
| CN118090671B (en) | Crop water and fertilizer monitoring device and method for performing water and fertilizer diagnosis by using same | |
| CN105973468A (en) | Visible near-infrared band high precision solar irradiance meter | |
| CN105259179A (en) | Leaf area index instrument based on radiation measurement principle | |
| JP2001045867A (en) | Method for diagnosing crop | |
| JP2000350517A (en) | Diagnosis of crop | |
| JP2000350517A5 (en) | ||
| CN102636267B (en) | Sky brightness instrument | |
| CN105181632A (en) | Network-based multi-dimensional plant imaging NDVI measuring device | |
| CN116389857B (en) | Plant phenotype acquisition platform, method, electronic equipment and storage medium | |
| CN218916533U (en) | Luminance meter capable of automatically correcting distance error | |
| CN216349113U (en) | Automatic built-in push-broom type hyperspectral imager with focusing function | |
| US20240361246A1 (en) | Systems and methods for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence | |
| CN216350319U (en) | Multi-parameter full-automatic water quality analyzer based on sunlight reflection spectrum analysis | |
| CN107462324A (en) | Device and method for the measurement of near-infrared sky brightness | |
| Qiu et al. | Research on the observation modes of high-precision automated ground-solar-sky radiometer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |