CN118089057A - Gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled - Google Patents

Gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118089057A
CN118089057A CN202410517105.8A CN202410517105A CN118089057A CN 118089057 A CN118089057 A CN 118089057A CN 202410517105 A CN202410517105 A CN 202410517105A CN 118089057 A CN118089057 A CN 118089057A
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China
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nozzle
gas
cavity
liquid
fuel
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CN202410517105.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN118089057B (en
Inventor
金烜
曾令国
吕德润
陈信安
杜佳宝
刘崇智
曹晓梅
朱超
陈德江
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Ultra High Speed Aerodynamics Institute China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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Ultra High Speed Aerodynamics Institute China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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Priority to CN202410517105.8A priority Critical patent/CN118089057B/en
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Publication of CN118089057A publication Critical patent/CN118089057A/en
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  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas-liquid nozzle design, and discloses a gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle is of a coaxial nested structure, the base is a cylinder, the fuel nozzle is inserted into the central cavity of the base from top to bottom, and the outer nozzle is inserted from bottom to top. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle is connected with the liquid fuel pipe by adopting the 37-degree ball head, so that a common liquid inlet flange is replaced, the volume of a liquid collecting cavity is reduced, and the starting time of the gas-liquid coaxial nozzle is shortened. The fuel nozzle and the substrate are sealed by a threaded connection and an O-shaped ring, so that the disassembly and assembly are more convenient; the outer nozzle is independently designed, so that the processing difficulty of integrated design is avoided, meanwhile, the design parameters of the inner nozzle runner and the outer nozzle runner can be independently controlled, and performance comparison test is conveniently carried out. The outer nozzle and the substrate adopt threaded connection, axial sealing and external rotating handle, and compared with the conventional screw fixation and radial sealing, the outer nozzle has the convenience of disassembly and assembly, can also ensure reliable sealing of the gas collecting cavity in the replacement process, and can be used for engineering popularization.

Description

Gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas-liquid nozzle design, and particularly relates to a gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled.
Background
When hypersonic aircraft and scramjet engines are tested in wind tunnels, parameters such as Mach number, pressure, temperature, oxygen content and the like need to be simulated, and an air heater is generally adopted to heat test gas. Combustion heaters are widely used because of their low cost, rapid start-up, long run time, and ability to provide high enthalpy, high pressure incoming flow conditions. The combustion heater and the liquid rocket engine basically have the same working principle, namely, the combustion agent and the oxidant are sprayed into a combustion chamber through an injector, and the processes of blending, combustion and the like are completed, so that high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas is generated.
The main function of the injector is to reasonably distribute the fuel and the oxidant and realize atomization and mixing of the fuel and the oxidant, the injector is a core component of a combustion heater, and the nozzle is a core of the injector. However, because the fuel in the combustion chamber may have insufficient combustion condition, so that carbon deposition of the nozzle is caused, once the carbon deposition seriously blocks the nozzle, the safety and reliability of the whole combustion heater can be influenced, the conventional centrifugal nozzle is not easy to disassemble and replace, the whole disassembly and assembly are time-consuming and labor-consuming, and once the nozzle is ablated or damaged, the whole nozzle needs to be replaced, so that the cost is high.
In order to solve the above problems, it is needed to develop a gas-liquid coaxial nozzle that can be easily assembled and disassembled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled.
The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled is of a coaxial nested structure, the base is a cylinder, the top of the base is provided with a flange matched with an external connecting piece, and the base is fixed by screws and nuts uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flange;
Inserting a tubular fuel nozzle in the base central cavity along the central axis from top to bottom; the upper section of the fuel nozzle is fixed on the substrate through threaded connection, and the upper section of the fuel nozzle is sealed with the substrate through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings II in series; the corresponding base opening at the top end of the fuel nozzle is provided with a ball head which is fixed through a top end connecting hole and is connected with a liquid fuel pipeline through threads; the upper section of the fuel nozzle is also provided with a plurality of tangential holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and each tangential hole is communicated with the liquid collecting cavity of the ball head;
An outer nozzle is inserted into a central cavity of the substrate from bottom to top along a central axis, the outer nozzle is an inner double-layer sleeve and an outer double-layer sleeve, the inner pipe extends out of the outer pipe upwards, an annular cavity between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is matched with the central cavity of the substrate, and the annular cavity and the central cavity of the substrate form an air collecting cavity together; the upper section of the inner pipe of the outer nozzle is sleeved at the lower section of the fuel nozzle; an annular cavity is arranged between the middle section of the inner pipe of the outer nozzle and the fuel nozzle; an annular gap is arranged between the lower section of the inner pipe of the outer nozzle and the fuel nozzle; the annular cavity is communicated with the annular gap, and centrifugal holes or straight flow holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the inner pipe of the outer nozzle corresponding to the annular cavity and the annular gap; the upper section of the outer pipe of the outer nozzle is fixed on the substrate through threaded connection, and the contact end surface of the outer pipe of the outer nozzle and the substrate is sealed through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings I with the same central axis; the lower section of the outer pipe of the outer nozzle is fixedly provided with a plurality of handles which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the outer nozzle is disassembled by rotating the handles;
an air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint is fixed at the middle section of the substrate, the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint is externally connected with a high-pressure oxidant gas source, and the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint is communicated with the air collecting cavity; the middle section of the substrate is also fixed with a pressure measuring pipe joint of the gas collecting cavity for measuring the pressure of the gas collecting cavity;
in the inner pipe of the outer nozzle, the cavity between the outlet of the fuel nozzle and the outlet of the outer nozzle is a mixing cavity, and the ratio of the height h of the mixing cavity to the inner diameter d of the mixing cavity is h:d= (1.2-1.5): 1, the outlet of the mixing cavity is a horn mouth;
The fuel of the liquid fuel pipeline enters the liquid collecting cavity, enters the central cavity of the fuel nozzle through the tangential hole and is sprayed into the mixing cavity, and atomization is carried out in the spraying process; the oxidant of the high-pressure oxidant gas source enters the gas collecting cavity through the gas collecting cavity inlet pipe joint, then enters the annular cavity and the annular gap through the centrifugal hole or the direct current hole, is mixed in the mixing cavity, and is sprayed out from the outlet of the outer nozzle.
Further, the pressure range of the high-pressure oxidant gas source is 0.2-10 MPa.
Further, the oxidant is low-temperature oxygen-enriched air formed by mixing normal-temperature air and low-temperature liquid oxygen, and the temperature range of the oxidant is-100 ℃ to-50 ℃.
Further, the fuel comprises isobutane and alcohol.
Further, the O-shaped sealing ring I and the O-shaped sealing ring II are made of fluororubber.
Further, the gas collection cavity inlet pipe joint and the gas collection cavity pressure measurement pipe joint are fixed through welding.
Further, the base, the gas collection cavity inlet pipe joint and the gas collection cavity pressure measurement pipe joint are all tapped with external threads at the connection part of the pipelines, and the external threads are wound with raw adhesive tapes for auxiliary screwing.
Further, the top end connecting hole and the inlet of the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint adopt a wedge surface structure.
Further, the ball head is a 37-degree ball head.
Further, the gas-liquid coaxial nozzle is applied to a gas-liquid coaxial direct-current nozzle or a gas-liquid pintle nozzle.
The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled separates the fuel nozzle of the core component from the outer nozzle, adopts threaded connection, and is convenient to disassemble and assemble by designing the handle; meanwhile, a wedge surface structure is designed at the pipeline interface, so that the uniformity of fuel and oxidant introduction is ensured.
The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled is connected with the liquid fuel pipe by adopting the 37-degree ball head, replaces a common liquid inlet flange, reduces the volume of the liquid collecting cavity, and is beneficial to shortening the starting time of the gas-liquid coaxial nozzle. The fuel nozzle and the substrate are sealed by a threaded connection and an O-shaped ring, so that the disassembly and assembly are more convenient; the outer nozzle is independently designed, so that the processing difficulty of integrated design is avoided, meanwhile, the design parameters of the inner nozzle runner and the outer nozzle runner can be independently controlled, and performance comparison test is conveniently carried out. The outer nozzle and the substrate adopt threaded connection, axial sealing and external rotating handle, and compared with the conventional screw fixation and radial sealing, the outer nozzle has the convenience of disassembly and assembly, and can also ensure the reliable sealing of the gas collecting cavity in the replacement process.
The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled can realize convenient disassembly and assembly and replacement of all parts of the gas-liquid coaxial nozzle, has convenience and reliability, and can be used for engineering popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being assembled and disassembled conveniently.
In the figure, 1. Handle; 2. a substrate; 3. an outer nozzle; 4.O-shaped sealing rings I; 5. an inlet pipe joint of the gas collection cavity; 6. an external connection; 7. a nut; 8.O-shaped sealing rings II; 9. a fuel nozzle; 10. a screw; 11. pressure measuring pipe joint for gas collecting cavity.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled in the embodiment is of a coaxial nested structure, the base 2 is a cylinder, a flange matched with the external connecting piece 6 is arranged at the top of the base 2, and the base 2 is fixed by a screw 10 and a nut 7 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flange;
Inserting a tubular fuel nozzle 9 along the central axis from top to bottom within the central cavity of the base 2; the upper section of the fuel nozzle 9 is fixed on the substrate 2 through threaded connection, and the upper section of the fuel nozzle 9 is sealed with the substrate 2 through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings II 8 in series; the opening of the base 2 corresponding to the top end of the fuel nozzle 9 is provided with a ball head fixed through a top end connecting hole, and the ball head is connected with a liquid fuel pipeline through threads; the upper section of the fuel nozzle 9 is also provided with a plurality of tangential holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and each tangential hole is communicated with the liquid collecting cavity of the ball head;
the outer nozzle 3 is inserted into the central cavity of the substrate 2 from bottom to top along the central axis, the outer nozzle 3 is an inner double-layer sleeve and an outer double-layer sleeve, the inner pipe extends out of the outer pipe upwards, an annular cavity between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is matched with the central cavity of the substrate 2, and the annular cavity and the central cavity of the substrate 2 form an air collecting cavity together; the upper section of the inner tube of the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved at the lower section of the fuel nozzle 9; an annular cavity is arranged between the middle section of the inner pipe of the outer nozzle 3 and the fuel nozzle 9; an annular gap is arranged between the lower section of the inner pipe of the outer nozzle 3 and the fuel nozzle 9; the annular cavity is communicated with the annular gap, and centrifugal holes or straight flow holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the inner pipe of the outer nozzle 3 corresponding to the annular cavity and the annular gap; the upper section of the outer tube of the outer nozzle 3 is fixed on the substrate 2 through threaded connection, and the contact end surface of the outer tube of the outer nozzle 3 and the substrate 2 is sealed through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings I4 with the same central axis; a plurality of handles 1 which are uniformly distributed are fixed on the lower section of the outer tube of the outer nozzle 3 along the circumferential direction, and the outer nozzle 3 is disassembled by rotating the handles 1;
An air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint 5 is fixed at the middle section of the substrate 2, the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint 5 is externally connected with a high-pressure oxidant gas source, and the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint 5 is communicated with the air collecting cavity; the middle section of the substrate 2 is also fixed with a pressure measuring pipe joint 11 of the gas collecting cavity for measuring the pressure of the gas collecting cavity;
In the inner pipe of the outer nozzle 3 at the outlet of the fuel nozzle 9, a cavity between the outlet of the fuel nozzle 9 and the outlet of the outer nozzle 3 is a mixing cavity, and the ratio of the height h of the mixing cavity to the inner diameter d of the mixing cavity is h, wherein d=1.2-1.5: 1, the outlet of the mixing cavity is a horn mouth;
The fuel of the liquid fuel pipeline enters the liquid collecting cavity, enters the central cavity of the fuel nozzle 9 through the tangential hole and is sprayed into the mixing cavity, and atomization is carried out in the spraying process; the oxidant of the high-pressure oxidant gas source enters the gas collecting cavity through the gas collecting cavity inlet pipe joint 5, then enters the annular cavity and the annular gap through the centrifugal hole or the direct current hole, is mixed in the mixing cavity, and is sprayed out from the outlet of the outer nozzle 3.
Further, the pressure range of the high-pressure oxidant gas source is 0.2-10 MPa.
Further, the oxidant is low-temperature oxygen-enriched air formed by mixing normal-temperature air and low-temperature liquid oxygen, and the temperature range of the oxidant is-100 ℃ to-50 ℃.
Further, the fuel comprises isobutane and alcohol.
Further, the O-shaped sealing ring I4 and the O-shaped sealing ring II 8 are made of fluororubber.
Further, the gas collecting cavity inlet pipe joint 5 and the gas collecting cavity pressure measuring pipe joint 11 are fixed through welding.
Further, the base 2, the gas collection cavity inlet pipe joint 5 and the gas collection cavity pressure measuring pipe joint 11 are all tapped with external threads at the connection positions of the pipelines, and the external threads are wound with raw adhesive tapes for auxiliary screwing.
Further, the top end connecting hole and the inlet of the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint 5 adopt a wedge surface structure.
Further, the ball head is a 37-degree ball head.
Further, the gas-liquid coaxial nozzle is applied to a gas-liquid coaxial direct-current nozzle or a gas-liquid pintle nozzle.
Although embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in the foregoing description and illustrated in the drawings, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations of features and steps set forth herein, and that all features of the invention disclosed, or steps of the method or process, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined in any manner without departing from the principles of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle is characterized by being of a coaxial nested structure, wherein a base (2) is a cylinder, a flange matched with an external connecting piece (6) is arranged at the top of the base (2), and the base (2) is fixed by screws (10) and nuts (7) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flange;
Inserting a tubular fuel nozzle (9) in the central cavity of the base (2) along the central axis from top to bottom; the upper section of the fuel nozzle (9) is fixed on the base (2) through threaded connection, and the upper section of the fuel nozzle (9) is sealed with the base (2) through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings II (8) in series; the opening of the base (2) corresponding to the top end of the fuel nozzle (9) is provided with a ball head which is fixed through a top end connecting hole and is connected with a liquid fuel pipeline through threads; the upper section of the fuel nozzle (9) is also provided with a plurality of tangential holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and each tangential hole is communicated with the liquid collecting cavity of the ball head;
An outer nozzle (3) is inserted into a central cavity of the substrate (2) from bottom to top along a central axis, the outer nozzle (3) is an inner-outer double-layer sleeve, the inner tube extends out of the outer tube upwards, an annular cavity between the inner tube and the outer tube is matched with the central cavity of the substrate (2), and the annular cavity and the central cavity of the substrate (2) form an air collecting cavity together; the upper section of the inner tube of the outer nozzle (3) is sleeved at the lower section of the fuel nozzle (9); an annular cavity is arranged between the middle section of the inner pipe of the outer nozzle (3) and the fuel nozzle (9); an annular gap is arranged between the lower section of the inner pipe of the outer nozzle (3) and the fuel nozzle (9); the annular cavity is communicated with the annular gap, and centrifugal holes or straight flow holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the inner pipe of the outer nozzle (3) corresponding to the annular cavity and the annular gap; the upper section of the outer tube of the outer nozzle (3) is fixed on the substrate (2) through threaded connection, and the contact end surface of the outer tube of the outer nozzle (3) and the substrate (2) is sealed through a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings I (4) with the same central axis; a plurality of handles (1) which are uniformly distributed are fixed at the lower section of the outer tube of the outer nozzle (3) along the circumferential direction, and the outer nozzle (3) is disassembled by rotating the handles (1);
an air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint (5) is fixed at the middle section of the substrate (2), the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint (5) is externally connected with a high-pressure oxidant gas source, and the air collecting cavity inlet pipe joint (5) is communicated with the air collecting cavity; the middle section of the substrate (2) is also fixed with a gas collection cavity pressure measuring pipe joint (11) for measuring the pressure of the gas collection cavity;
In the inner pipe of the outer nozzle (3) at the outlet of the fuel nozzle (9), a cavity between the outlet of the fuel nozzle (9) and the outlet of the outer nozzle (3) is a mixing cavity, and the ratio of the height h of the mixing cavity to the inner diameter d of the mixing cavity is h:d= (1.2-1.5): 1, the outlet of the mixing cavity is a horn mouth;
the fuel of the liquid fuel pipeline enters the liquid collecting cavity, enters the central cavity of the fuel nozzle (9) through the tangential hole and is sprayed into the mixing cavity, and atomization is carried out in the spraying process; the oxidant of the high-pressure oxidant gas source enters the gas collecting cavity through the gas collecting cavity inlet pipe joint (5), then enters the annular cavity and the annular gap through the centrifugal hole or the direct current hole, is mixed in the mixing cavity, and is sprayed out from the outlet of the outer nozzle (3).
2. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being assembled and disassembled conveniently according to claim 1, wherein the pressure range of the high-pressure oxidant gas source is 0.2-10 MPa.
3. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled according to claim 1, wherein the oxidant is low-temperature oxygen-enriched air formed by mixing normal-temperature air and low-temperature liquid oxygen, and the temperature range of the oxidant is minus 100 ℃ to minus 50 ℃.
4. The removable gas-liquid coaxial nozzle of claim 1, wherein the fuel comprises isobutane and alcohol.
5. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently and quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 1, wherein the O-shaped sealing ring I (4) and the O-shaped sealing ring II (8) are made of fluororubber.
6. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being disassembled and assembled conveniently according to claim 1, wherein the gas collection cavity inlet pipe joint (5) and the gas collection cavity pressure measuring pipe joint (11) are fixed through welding.
7. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being disassembled and assembled conveniently according to claim 1, wherein the base (2), the gas collection cavity inlet pipe joint (5) and the gas collection cavity pressure measuring pipe joint (11) are externally threaded at the connection part of the pipelines, and the externally threaded raw adhesive tape is wound for auxiliary screwing.
8. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being disassembled and assembled conveniently according to claim 1, wherein the top end connecting hole and the inlet of the gas collecting cavity inlet pipe joint (5) adopt a wedge surface structure.
9. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being disassembled and assembled conveniently according to claim 1, wherein the ball head is a 37-degree ball head.
10. The gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently and quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 1, which is applied to a gas-liquid coaxial direct-current nozzle or a gas-liquid pintle nozzle.
CN202410517105.8A 2024-04-28 Gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled Active CN118089057B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410517105.8A CN118089057B (en) 2024-04-28 Gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410517105.8A CN118089057B (en) 2024-04-28 Gas-liquid coaxial nozzle capable of being conveniently disassembled and assembled

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CN118089057B CN118089057B (en) 2024-06-25

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