CN118068897A - Sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control system and method - Google Patents
Sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118068897A CN118068897A CN202410459580.4A CN202410459580A CN118068897A CN 118068897 A CN118068897 A CN 118068897A CN 202410459580 A CN202410459580 A CN 202410459580A CN 118068897 A CN118068897 A CN 118068897A
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000010512 thermal transition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008636 plant growth process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010016165 failure to thrive Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse environment regulation, in particular to a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation system and method, comprising the following steps: by arranging the greenhouse external environment monitoring system, the greenhouse external environment monitoring system monitors the external environment in real time according to the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor, and judges the current outdoor environment condition by utilizing the outdoor accumulated temperature, so that the internal environment of the greenhouse can be controlled more accurately, and the internal environment of the greenhouse is more reasonable and effective; the open and close conditions of the plant leaf surface air holes are met, so that the air holes can be completely opened, the plant resource utilization efficiency is greatly improved, and various physiological processes can have higher efficiency; thereby leading the plant to grow healthily and increasing the yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse environment regulation, in particular to a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation system and method.
Background
In the past, the intelligent environmental control strategy of the greenhouse mainly regulates and controls the temperature and the humidity, and a good growth environment is created for the plant by regulating the temperature and the humidity to a reasonable range, but the strategy does not consider whether the plant can grow optimally in the environment, namely, whether the organ of the plant is in an optimal state under the condition that the growth environment is proper. The saturated Vapor Pressure Difference (VPD) of the leaf surface is an important index in the plant growth process, and influences the closure of plant stomata, thereby controlling the physiological processes of plant transpiration, photosynthesis and the like.
Under the condition that the VPD is low or high, the air holes cannot be fully opened, so that the plant resource utilization efficiency is greatly reduced, poor plant growth and even yield reduction are caused, and only under the condition that the VPD is in a proper state, the air holes can be fully opened and exert the maximum performance, namely, only under the condition that the VPD is in a proper state, various physiological processes of plants can have higher efficiency.
It is well known that various environmental parameters in the planting environment have great influence on plant growth, traditional manual control lacks scientific basis, reasonable planting is difficult to perform, and most of the environmental control strategies in recent years only regulate indoor temperature and humidity, so that the internal environment of a greenhouse is easy to generate larger fluctuation, the plant is adversely affected, and meanwhile, plant organs are damaged.
In summary, the application provides a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation system and a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation method, which improve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation system; the greenhouse environment regulation and control system is used inside a greenhouse, and comprises:
The plant feeling system in the greenhouse calculates the result of the plant leaf surface VPD by using a calculation formula (VPD) of the leaf surface saturated vapor pressure difference, wherein the plant leaf surface VPD result is divided into lower, proper and higher conditions;
The system comprises a greenhouse internal environment regulation system, a temperature control device, a humidity control device and a high-pressure atomizer, wherein the greenhouse internal environment regulation system timely regulates the greenhouse internal environment according to the calculated leaf surface VPD result by using the temperature control device and the humidity control device; wherein the temperature control device comprises heating and cooling, and the humidity control device comprises humidifying and dehumidifying;
the system comprises an environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse, wherein the environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse comprises a temperature monitor and a humidity monitor, and the environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse is connected with an environmental regulation and control system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things;
The humidity control device comprises a high-pressure atomizer, and the high-pressure atomizer is arranged at the upper end inside the greenhouse; the high pressure atomizer comprises;
The support column is arranged on the upper side of the interior of the greenhouse, a first pipe is arranged on the support column, the middle of the first pipe is communicated with a water source through a water pipe, the inner wall of the first pipe is slidably connected with a second pipe, a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the second pipe and the inner wall of the first pipe, and one end, close to the support column, of the second pipe is in sealed sliding connection with the interior of the first pipe; the inside of the second pipe is connected with a third pipe in a sliding manner, one end, close to the supporting column, of the third pipe is connected with the inner wall of the second pipe in a sealing sliding manner, and a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the third pipe and the inner wall of the second pipe; one end of the second pipe, which is close to the support column, is communicated with the inside of the first pipe; the support column is provided with telescopic equipment, one end of the telescopic equipment, which is far away from the support column, is provided with a pull rod, and the pull rod is connected with one end of the third pipe, which is far away from the support column;
A telescopic rod is connected in a sliding manner in a gap between the first pipe and the second pipe, and one end, far away from the support column, of the telescopic rod in the first pipe is closed at one end, far away from the support column, of the first pipe; the telescopic rod is connected in a sliding manner in a gap between the inner wall of the second pipe and the inner wall of the third pipe, and one end, far away from the support column, of the telescopic rod in the second pipe is closed to one end, far away from the support column, of the second pipe; and the one end that the support column was kept away from to the telescopic link is provided with the gag lever post, and gag lever post sliding connection is inside a pipe and No. two pipes, a pipe with No. two pipe's outer wall all is provided with atomizer.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the support column rotates and connects the inside upside of warmhouse booth, the support column rotates through the motor that one end set up.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the calculation formula of the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference is as follows:
VPD=LSVP-(ASVP×RH/100)
ASVP=610.78e∧[T/(T+237.3)×17.2694]
LSVP=610.78e∧[T Blade /(T Blade +237.3)×17.2694]
Wherein LSVP: leaf surface saturated air pressure;
ASVP: air saturation pressure;
RH: relative humidity;
t: a relative temperature;
the surface temperature of the blade is 1-3 ℃ lower than the temperature of the air.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the outdoor environment is divided into a cold stage, a proper stage, a thermal transition stage and a hot stage in the greenhouse external environment monitoring system; the outdoor environment change in each stage is fed back to the indoor environment regulating and controlling system through the Internet of things, and the indoor environment regulating and controlling system regulates the temperature rise, the temperature reduction, the humidification and the dehumidification.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention; when the indoor environment is regulated and controlled by the greenhouse environment regulating and controlling system according to the VPD calculation result, contradiction points exist between the temperature increase, dehumidification, temperature decrease and humidification; the contradiction points between the temperature increasing, dehumidifying and temperature reducing and humidifying also exist in four stages in the environment monitoring system in the greenhouse; the temperature control device and the high-pressure atomizer of the greenhouse environment regulation and control system are connected with the greenhouse environment monitoring device through the Internet of things.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system further comprises a load system, the load system comprises an upper winding film, a lower winding film and a winding quilt, the upper winding film is arranged at the top of the greenhouse, the upper winding film is located above the high-pressure atomizer, the lower winding film is arranged at the lower side of the greenhouse, the winding is arranged between the upper winding film and the lower winding film, and the load system is connected with the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system through the Internet of things.
A solar greenhouse environment regulation method, which is applicable to the solar greenhouse environment regulation system; the regulation and control method comprises the following steps of;
S1: the environment monitoring system and the environment regulation system are connected through the Internet of things, the environment outside the greenhouse is divided into four stages according to the environmental change of the temperature and the humidity in one year, the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor in the environment monitoring system outside the greenhouse can transmit the monitored data to the environment regulation system outside the greenhouse;
S2: after the environment regulation system in the greenhouse receives the temperature and humidity changes monitored by the outside, calculating the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference of plants in the greenhouse through a VPD calculation formula, and after calculation, transmitting the calculation result to a temperature control device and a high-pressure atomizer on the control of the environment regulation system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things to perform heating, cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying operations inside the greenhouse; meanwhile, the environment regulation and control system in the greenhouse controls the load system to work according to the received external environment data;
S3: when the load system works, the load system controls the upper winding film device and the lower winding film device to wind and unwind according to the monitored external environment information, including temperature information and humidity information, of the greenhouse external environment monitoring system, and the load system is used for regulating and controlling the internal temperature and humidity environment of the greenhouse.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
By arranging the greenhouse external environment monitoring system, the greenhouse external environment monitoring system monitors the external environment in real time according to the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor, and judges the current outdoor environment condition by utilizing the outdoor accumulated temperature, so that the internal environment of the greenhouse can be controlled more accurately, and the internal environment of the greenhouse is more reasonable and effective; the open and close conditions of the plant leaf surface air holes are met, so that the air holes can be completely opened, the plant resource utilization efficiency is greatly improved, and various physiological processes can have higher efficiency; thereby leading the plant to grow healthily and increasing the yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a greenhouse according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the construction of the interior of the greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of the first pipe and the second pipe in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a system diagram of the temperature and humidity balance at a lower VPD in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a system diagram of the temperature and humidity balance at elevated VPD in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a solution to the contradictory points in embodiment two of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a system diagram showing the cold stage to the appropriate stage in the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a system diagram of the middle heat transition stage to the hot stage according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: greenhouse 1, support column 11, first pipe 12, no. two pipes 13, no. three pipes 14, telescopic equipment 15, pull rod 16, telescopic rod 17, gag lever post 18.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
In the past, the intelligent environmental control strategy of the greenhouse mainly regulates and controls the temperature and the humidity, and a good growth environment is created for the plant by regulating the temperature and the humidity to a reasonable range, but the strategy does not consider whether the plant can grow optimally in the environment, namely, whether the organ of the plant is in an optimal state under the condition that the growth environment is proper. The saturated Vapor Pressure Difference (VPD) of the leaf surface is an important index in the plant growth process, and influences the closure of plant stomata, thereby controlling the physiological processes of plant transpiration, photosynthesis and the like;
Under the condition that the VPD is low or high, the air holes cannot be fully opened, so that the plant resource utilization efficiency is greatly reduced, plant growth failure and even yield reduction are caused, and only under the condition that the VPD is in a proper state, the air holes can be fully opened and exert the maximum performance, namely, only under the condition that the VPD is in a proper state, various physiological processes of the plant can have higher efficiency;
It is well known that various environmental parameters in the planting environment have great influence on plant growth, traditional manual control lacks scientific basis, reasonable planting is difficult to perform, and most of the environmental control strategies in recent years only regulate indoor temperature and humidity, so that the internal environment of a greenhouse is easy to generate larger fluctuation, the plant is adversely affected, and meanwhile, plant organs are damaged.
Embodiment one:
A sunlight greenhouse environment regulation and control system; the greenhouse environment regulation system is used inside a greenhouse 1, and comprises:
The plant feeling system in the greenhouse calculates the result of the plant leaf surface VPD by using a calculation formula (VPD) of the leaf surface saturated vapor pressure difference, wherein the plant leaf surface VPD result is divided into lower, proper and higher conditions;
The system comprises a greenhouse internal environment regulation system, a temperature control device, a humidity control device and a high-pressure atomizer, wherein the greenhouse internal environment regulation system timely regulates the greenhouse internal environment according to the calculated leaf surface VPD result by using the temperature control device and the humidity control device; wherein the temperature control device comprises heating and cooling, and the humidity control device comprises humidifying and dehumidifying;
the system comprises an environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse, wherein the environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse comprises a temperature monitor and a humidity monitor, and the environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse is connected with an environmental regulation and control system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things;
the humidity control device comprises a high-pressure atomizer, and the high-pressure atomizer is arranged at the upper end inside the greenhouse 1; the high pressure atomizer comprises;
The support column 11 is arranged on the upper side inside the greenhouse 1, a first pipe 12 is arranged on the support column 11, the middle part of the first pipe 12 is communicated with a water source through a water pipe, a second pipe 13 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first pipe 12, a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the second pipe 13 and the inner wall of the first pipe 12, and one end, close to the support column 11, of the second pipe 13 is in sealed sliding connection with the inner part of the first pipe 12; the inside of the second pipe 13 is slidably connected with a third pipe 14, one end of the third pipe 14, which is close to the supporting column 11, is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the second pipe 13, and a gap is formed between the outer wall of the third pipe 14 and the inner wall of the second pipe 13; one end of the second pipe 13, which is close to the supporting column 11, is communicated with the inside of the first pipe 12; the support column 11 is provided with a telescopic device 15, one end of the telescopic device 15, which is far away from the support column 11, is provided with a pull rod 16, and the pull rod 16 is connected with one end of the third pipe 14, which is far away from the support column 11;
A telescopic rod 17 is slidably connected in a gap between the first pipe 12 and the second pipe 13, and one end, far away from the support column 11, of the telescopic rod 17 in the first pipe 12 is closed to one end, far away from the support column 11, of the first pipe 12; a telescopic rod 17 is slidably connected in a gap between the inner walls of the second pipe 13 and the third pipe 14, and one end, far away from the support column 11, of the telescopic rod 17 in the second pipe 13 is closed to one end, far away from the support column 11, of the second pipe 13; the end, far away from the supporting column 11, of the telescopic rod 17 is provided with a limiting rod 18, the limiting rod 18 is slidably connected inside the first pipe 12 and the second pipe 13, and atomizing nozzles are arranged on the outer walls of the first pipe 12 and the second pipe 13;
the support columns 11 are rotatably connected to the upper side inside the greenhouse 1, and the support columns 11 rotate through a motor arranged at one end;
the calculation formula of the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference is as follows:
VPD=LSVP-(ASVP×RH/100)
ASVP=610.78e∧[T/(T+237.3)×17.2694]
LSVP=610.78e∧[T Blade /(T Blade +237.3)×17.2694]
Wherein LSVP: leaf surface saturated air pressure;
ASVP: air saturation pressure;
RH: relative humidity;
t: a relative temperature;
the surface temperature of the blade is 1-3 ℃ lower than the temperature of the air.
The specific working procedure is as follows;
When plants in the greenhouse 1 grow; the greenhouse plant feeling system in the greenhouse 1 calculates the leaf surface saturated vapor pressure difference in the greenhouse 1 in real time through a calculation system in the sensing gas, wherein the calculation formula in the calculation system is VPD (leaf surface saturated vapor pressure difference calculation formula), so that the environment in the greenhouse 1 meets the normal opening and closing requirements of air holes on plant leaf surfaces; when the VPD is calculated, the following three conditions can occur;
the VPD calculation result is low; when the VPD calculation result is low, the air holes on the surface of the leaf on the plant are reflected to not meet the normal opening and closing conditions, and the physiological processes such as plant transpiration, photosynthesis and the like can be influenced;
At the moment, the greenhouse plant feeling system feeds back VPD information to the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system through the Internet of things, and the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system monitors the internal environment of the greenhouse 1 in real time through an internal temperature monitor and a humidity monitor, so that the reason for influencing the lower VPD result is judged, and further the VPD is regulated;
When the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is lower and the humidity is proper, the indoor environment regulation system heats the interior of the greenhouse 1 by controlling the temperature control device, the VPD result is calculated in real time in the process until the temperature is proper, the temperature control device stops running, and the greenhouse plant sensing system continuously monitors the VPD condition in real time;
When the temperature inside the greenhouse 1 is proper and the humidity is higher, the humidity control device is controlled by the greenhouse internal environment regulation system to dehumidify the interior of the greenhouse 1, the VPD result is calculated in real time in the process until the temperature is proper, the humidity control device stops running, and the greenhouse plant sensing system continuously monitors the VPD condition in real time;
The VPD calculation result is proper, the greenhouse environmental perception system continuously monitors the VPD condition, the temperature and the humidity keep the current state, and the leaf surface air hole opening and closing conditions of plants are met;
When the VPD calculation result is higher, the pores on the surface of the leaf on the plant are reflected to not meet the normal opening and closing conditions, and the physiological processes such as plant transpiration and photosynthesis are affected;
When the temperature is lower and the humidity is lower, the temperature control device is used for cooling, the humidity control device is used for humidifying, and according to the VPD calculation formula, the VPD calculation result tends to be proper, and the plant leaf surface air hole opening and closing conditions are met;
When the temperature is proper and the humidity is low, the humidity control device humidifies, so that the VPD calculation result tends to be proper according to the VPD calculation formula, and the plant leaf surface air hole opening and closing conditions are adopted;
The environment monitoring system is arranged outside the greenhouse, monitors the external environment in real time according to the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor, judges the current outdoor environment condition by utilizing the outdoor accumulated temperature, and can accurately control the internal environment of the greenhouse, so that the internal environment of the greenhouse is more reasonable and effective; the open and close conditions of the plant leaf surface air holes are met, so that the air holes can be completely opened, the plant resource utilization efficiency is greatly improved, and various physiological processes can have higher efficiency; thereby leading the growth health of plants and increasing the yield;
When the humidity controller is used for humidifying, the first pipe 12 is connected with a water source through a water pipe, the water source enters the first pipe 12 through the water pipe, and because the water pipe is communicated to the middle position of the first pipe 12 and a gap is reserved between the first pipe 12 and the second pipe 13, the water source enters the gap between the first pipe 12 and the second pipe 13, and the water source is sprayed out of the first pipe 12 through an atomizer on the first pipe 12; thereby humidifying the indoor environment;
When the telescopic device 15 extends, the telescopic device 15 pushes the pull rod 16 to extend, the pull rod 16 is fixedly connected with the end part of the third pipe 14, the third pipe 14 slides out of the inside of the second pipe 13, when the third pipe 14 slides out of the inside of the second pipe 13, one end, close to the support column 11, of the third pipe 14 extrudes the telescopic rod 17 in a gap between the third pipe 14 and the second pipe 13 until the telescopic rod 17 cannot shrink again, at the moment, one end, far away from the support column 11, of the third pipe 14, of the telescopic rod 17 is pushed out from the inside of the second pipe 13, the limiting rod 18 on the telescopic rod 17 is still positioned in the inside of the second pipe 13, and the limiting rod 18 supports the telescopic rod 17, so that the telescopic rod 17 can be smoothly reset when the telescopic device 15 is retracted; when the third pipe 14 is completely extended, the third pipe 13 is pulled by the third pipe 14, the second pipe 13 is extended from the inside of the first pipe 12, in the process, the second pipe 13 passes through the communicating part of the first pipe 12 and the water pipe, the water source completely enters the inside of the first pipe 12, and because the end part of the second pipe 13 close to the supporting column 11 is communicated with the inside of the first pipe 12, the water source enters the inside of the second pipe 13 through the first pipe 12, when the second pipe 13 is extended from the inside of the first pipe 12, the water source is sprayed out of an atomizer on the second pipe 13, the atomization efficiency of the inside of the greenhouse 1 is improved, and when the third pipe 14 is extended from the inside of the second pipe 13, when the third pipe 13 is extended from the inside of the first pipe 12, the scale is prevented from being blocked by the atomizer when the end part of the third pipe 14 close to the supporting column 11 is in a sliding and the inside of the first pipe 12 is further realized;
and connect inside warmhouse booth 1 through the motor rotation through support column 11, realize when carrying out spraying humidification to warmhouse booth 1 inside, support column 11 can be to the inside spraying angle of adjustment warmhouse booth 1.
Embodiment two:
The outdoor environment is divided into a cold stage, a proper stage, a thermal transition stage and a hot stage in the greenhouse external environment monitoring system; the outdoor environment change in each stage is fed back to the indoor environment regulating and controlling system through the Internet of things, and the indoor environment regulating and controlling system regulates the temperature rise, the temperature reduction, the humidification and the dehumidification;
When the indoor environment is regulated and controlled by the greenhouse environment regulating and controlling system according to the VPD calculation result, contradiction points exist between the temperature increase, dehumidification, temperature decrease and humidification; the contradiction points between the temperature increasing, dehumidifying and temperature reducing and humidifying also exist in four stages in the environment monitoring system in the greenhouse; the temperature control device and the high-pressure atomizer of the greenhouse environment regulation and control system are connected with the greenhouse environment monitoring device through the Internet of things;
the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system further comprises a load system, the load system comprises an upper winding film, a lower winding film and a winding quilt, the upper winding film is arranged at the top of the greenhouse 1, the upper winding film is located above the high-pressure atomizer, the lower winding film is arranged at the lower side of the greenhouse 1, the winding is arranged between the upper winding film and the lower winding film, and the load system is connected with the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system through the Internet of things.
The specific working procedure is as follows;
The temperature and the humidity of the outside of the greenhouse can change along with the change of the outside environment of the greenhouse according to the change of the time month, and the current outdoor environment condition is judged by utilizing the outdoor accumulated temperature through monitoring the outside environment in real time, so that the internal environment of the greenhouse can be controlled more accurately, and the internal environment of the greenhouse is more reasonable and effective;
According to the growth condition requirements of plants, the external environment is divided into four stages, namely a cold stage, a proper stage, a thermal transition stage and a hot stage, the external environment of the greenhouse is monitored in real time through an external environment monitoring system of the greenhouse, and the external environment monitoring system is connected with an internal environment regulating system of the greenhouse through the Internet of things, so that each stage of the cold stage, the proper stage, the thermal transition stage and the hot stage corresponds to the internal environment of the greenhouse 1 to perform temperature increasing, temperature reducing, humidifying and dehumidifying operations;
And because of the contradiction point between two operations of heating, dehumidifying and cooling and humidifying; the reasons for the existence of the contradiction points are that; through the air exchange inside and outside the greenhouse, the temperature can not be increased, the humidity can not be removed, or the temperature can be reduced and the humidity can be increased; if the film is opened for air exchange, hot air and water vapor in the greenhouse can pass through the film and go outdoors, the temperature is reduced and the humidity is removed, if the air exchange is not performed, the temperature is increased and the humidity is increased, and further, deviation can occur when the saturated vapor pressure difference of the leaf surface in the greenhouse is calculated;
The greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system comprises a load system, wherein the load system comprises an upper rolling film, a lower rolling film and a rolling quilt, the upper rolling film is arranged at the top of the greenhouse 1, the lower rolling film is arranged at the lower side of the greenhouse 1, and the rolling quilt is arranged between the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film;
When the conditions of two operations of temperature increasing, dehumidification and temperature decreasing, humidity increasing correspond to four stages, the temperature requirement under the growth condition of plants can be changed according to different plants, the temperature requirement can be changed, the temperature can be kept within a certain range, the specific ranges are set as T1, T0 and T2, wherein T1 is the lowest temperature lower limit, T0 is the current real-time temperature, and T2 is the highest temperature upper limit; and when the T0 real-time temperature is between T1 and T2;
When the environment in the greenhouse changes, the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor in the environment monitoring system are connected with the environment regulating system and the load system through the Internet of things, and the environment regulating system adjusts the environment in the greenhouse in real time through the load system according to signals fed back by the environment monitoring system in the greenhouse;
when the temperature is increased, the humidity is reduced (the temperature is low, the humidity is high), the temperature is increased, the temperature is decreased, the temperature is increased, and the temperature is increased;
When the indoor temperature is increased in the cold stage, the specific operation steps are that the upper rolling film is closed, so that the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is increased;
When the indoor temperature is increased at a proper stage, the specific operation steps are that the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film are closed, so that the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is increased;
When indoor dehumidification is selected in the thermal transition stage, the specific operation steps are that an upper rolling film and a lower rolling film are opened, so that the dehumidification of the interior of the greenhouse is realized;
when indoor dehumidification is selected in a hot stage, the specific operation steps are that an upper rolling film and a lower rolling film are opened, so that the dehumidification of the interior of the greenhouse is realized;
When the temperature is in a cold stage, a proper stage, a thermal transition stage and a hot stage which correspond to the temperature reduction and humidification (high temperature and low humidity);
When the indoor cooling is selected in the cold stage, the specific operation is to open the upper rolling film, so as to realize the cooling of the interior of the greenhouse 1;
When the indoor cooling is selected at a proper stage, the specific operation is that the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film are opened, so that the cooling of the interior of the greenhouse 1 is realized;
When the indoor humidification is selected in the thermal transition stage, the high-pressure atomizer is started, and when the temperature T0 is higher than 35 ℃, the high-pressure atomizer is kept to be opened in a reciprocating mode for 3min and closed for 2min;
In a hot stage, the specific operation is that when the T0 real-time temperature is between 33 ℃ and 37 ℃ and the T0 temperature is more than 35 ℃, humidification operation is carried out on the interior of the greenhouse 1, and the high-pressure atomizer is turned on for 3min in a reciprocating manner and turned off for 2min; when the T0 real-time temperature is higher than 37 ℃, unreeling the roll, and shading and cooling the plants;
when the indoor temperature is reduced in the cold stage, the upper coiled film is selectively opened;
When humidity is increased in the room in the cold stage, closing the upper winding film to humidify when the T0 real-time temperature is smaller than the highest upper limit of the T2 temperature; when the T0 real-time temperature is greater than the highest upper limit of the T2 temperature, the current load state is maintained (no matter what state is maintained, no operation is performed);
when dehumidification operation is carried out on the room in the cold stage, when the T0 real-time temperature is smaller than the highest upper limit of the T2 temperature, the current load state is maintained; when the T0 real-time temperature is greater than the highest upper limit of the T2 temperature, opening the upper rolling film to dehumidify;
When the temperature inside the greenhouse 1 is reduced in a proper stage, the temperature is reduced by opening the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film;
When humidity is increased in the greenhouse 1at a proper stage, opening the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film when the T0 real-time temperature is greater than the T1 temperature minimum lower limit; when the T0 real-time temperature is less than the lowest lower limit of the T1 temperature, closing the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film;
When dehumidification is carried out inside the greenhouse 1 at a proper stage, when the T0 real-time temperature is greater than the T1 temperature minimum lower limit, a load state is maintained; when the T0 real-time temperature is smaller than the lowest lower limit of the T1 temperature, the load state is maintained;
when the temperature is in the thermal transition stage, the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is reduced, and the specific operation is that the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film are opened;
When the inside of the greenhouse 1 is humidified in the thermal transition stage, when the T0 real-time temperature is less than the lowest lower limit of the T1 temperature, closing the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film for humidification; when the T0 real-time temperature is between the lowest limit of the T1 temperature and 35 ℃, the current load state is maintained; when the T0 real-time temperature is higher than 35 ℃, starting the high-pressure atomizer to open reciprocally for 3min and closing for 2min;
when the interior of the greenhouse 1 is dehumidified in the thermal transition stage, when the real-time temperature of T0 is less than the lowest lower limit of the temperature of T1, the upper rolling film is started for dehumidification; when the T0 real-time temperature is greater than the lowest lower limit of the T1 temperature, opening the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film to dehumidify;
when the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is reduced in a hot stage; firstly, ordinary cooling is performed, and an upper rolling film and a lower rolling film are opened; when the real-time temperature of T0 in the greenhouse 1 is more than 35 ℃ and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature of T0 and the outside of the greenhouse 1 is less than 5 ℃, unreeling the roll, shading and cooling are carried out, and the shading time period is from 10 am to 4 pm;
When the interior of the greenhouse 1 is humidified in a hot stage; when the T0 real-time temperature is higher than 35 ℃, starting the high-pressure atomizer to open reciprocally for 3min and closing for 2min;
When the interior of the greenhouse 1 is dehumidified in a hot stage; opening the upper rolling film and the lower rolling film to dehumidify;
The leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference in the greenhouse 1 is regulated and controlled in real time through the load system and the greenhouse environment regulation and control system, and the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference is utilized to regulate and control the self state of plants in the greenhouse, wherein the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference VPD is an important index in the crop growth process, and influences the closure of leaf surface pores of the plants, so that the physiological processes of crop transpiration, photosynthesis and the like are controlled; under the condition that the VPD is low or high, the air holes cannot be fully opened, so that the utilization efficiency of crop resources is greatly reduced, and poor crop growth and even yield reduction are caused.
Embodiment III:
A solar greenhouse environment regulation method which is applicable to the solar greenhouse environment regulation system;
S1: the environment monitoring system outside the greenhouse is connected with the environment regulation system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things, the external environment of the greenhouse 1 is divided into four stages according to the environmental change of the temperature and the humidity in one year, the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor in the environment monitoring system outside the greenhouse can transmit the monitored data to the environment regulation system in the greenhouse;
S2: after the environmental regulation system in the greenhouse receives the temperature and humidity changes monitored by the outside, calculating the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference of plants in the greenhouse through a VPD calculation formula, and after calculation, transmitting the calculation result to a temperature control device and a high-pressure atomizer on the control of the environmental regulation system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things to perform the operations of heating, cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying in the greenhouse 1; meanwhile, the environment regulation and control system in the greenhouse controls the load system to work according to the received external environment data;
S3: when the load system works, according to the monitored external environment information of the greenhouse external environment monitoring system, the load system controls the upper winding film device and the lower winding film device to wind and unwind according to the temperature information and the humidity information, and the load system is used for regulating and controlling the internal temperature and humidity environment of the greenhouse 1.
Claims (7)
1. A solar greenhouse environment regulation system for use inside a greenhouse (1), characterized in that the greenhouse environment regulation system comprises:
The plant feeling system in the greenhouse calculates the result of the plant leaf surface VPD by using a calculation formula VPD of the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference, wherein the plant leaf surface VPD result is divided into lower, proper and higher conditions;
The system comprises a greenhouse internal environment regulation system, a temperature control device, a humidity control device and a high-pressure atomizer, wherein the greenhouse internal environment regulation system timely regulates the greenhouse internal environment according to the calculated leaf surface VPD result by using the temperature control device and the humidity control device; wherein the temperature control device comprises heating and cooling, and the humidity control device comprises humidifying and dehumidifying;
the system comprises an environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse, wherein the environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse comprises a temperature monitor and a humidity monitor, and the environmental monitoring system in the greenhouse is connected with an environmental regulation and control system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things;
The humidity control device comprises a high-pressure atomizer, and the high-pressure atomizer is arranged at the upper end of the interior of the greenhouse (1); the high pressure atomizer comprises;
The greenhouse comprises a support column (11), wherein the support column (11) is arranged on the upper side of the interior of the greenhouse (1), a first pipe (12) is arranged on the support column (11), the middle of the first pipe (12) is communicated with a water source through a water pipe, a second pipe (13) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first pipe (12), a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the second pipe (13) and the inner wall of the first pipe (12), and one end, close to the support column (11), of the second pipe (13) is in sealed sliding connection with the interior of the first pipe (12); the inside of the second pipe (13) is slidably connected with a third pipe (14), one end, close to the supporting column (11), of the third pipe (14) is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the second pipe (13), and a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the third pipe (14) and the inner wall of the second pipe (13); one end of the second pipe (13) close to the supporting column (11) is communicated with the inside of the first pipe (12); the support column (11) is provided with a telescopic device (15), one end of the telescopic device (15) far away from the support column (11) is provided with a pull rod (16), and the pull rod (16) is connected with one end of the third pipe (14) far away from the support column (11);
A telescopic rod (17) is slidably connected in a gap between the first pipe (12) and the second pipe (13), and one end, far away from the support column (11), of the telescopic rod (17) in the first pipe (12) is closed to one end, far away from the support column (11), of the first pipe (12); a telescopic rod (17) is slidably connected in a gap between the inner walls of the second pipe (13) and the third pipe (14), and one end, far away from the support column (11), of the telescopic rod (17) in the second pipe (13) is closed to one end, far away from the support column (11), of the second pipe (13); and telescopic link (17) are kept away from one end of support column (11) and are provided with gag lever post (18), and gag lever post (18) sliding connection is inside pipe (12) and No. two pipe (13), pipe (12) with No. two outer walls of pipe (13) all are provided with atomizer.
2. A sunlight greenhouse environmental conditioning system in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the support column (11) is rotationally connected to the upper side inside the greenhouse (1), and the support column (11) rotates through a motor arranged at one end.
3. A sunlight greenhouse environmental conditioning system in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the calculation formula of the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference is as follows:
VPD=LSVP-(ASVP×RH/100)
ASVP=610.78e∧[T/(T+237.3)×17.2694]
LSVP=610.78e∧[T Blade /(T Blade +237.3)×17.2694]
Wherein LSVP: leaf surface saturated air pressure;
ASVP: air saturation pressure;
RH: relative humidity;
t: a relative temperature;
the surface temperature of the blade is 1-3 ℃ lower than the temperature of the air.
4. A sunlight greenhouse environmental conditioning system in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the outdoor environment is divided into a cold stage, a proper stage, a thermal transition stage and a hot stage in the greenhouse external environment monitoring system; the outdoor environment change in each stage is fed back to the indoor environment regulating and controlling system through the Internet of things, and the indoor environment regulating and controlling system regulates the temperature rise, the temperature reduction, the humidification and the dehumidification.
5. A sunlight greenhouse environmental conditioning system in accordance with claim 4 wherein: when the indoor environment is regulated and controlled by the greenhouse environment regulating and controlling system according to the VPD calculation result, contradiction points exist between the temperature increase, dehumidification, temperature decrease and humidification; the contradiction points between the temperature increasing, dehumidifying and temperature reducing and humidifying also exist in four stages in the environment monitoring system in the greenhouse; the temperature control device and the high-pressure atomizer of the greenhouse environment regulation and control system are connected with the greenhouse environment monitoring device through the Internet of things.
6. A sunlight greenhouse environmental conditioning system in accordance with claim 5 wherein: the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system further comprises a load system, the load system comprises an upper winding film, a lower winding film and a winding quilt, the upper winding film is arranged at the top of the greenhouse (1), the upper winding film is located above the high-pressure atomizer, the lower winding film is arranged at the lower side of the greenhouse (1), the winding is arranged between the upper winding film and the lower winding film, and the load system is connected with the greenhouse internal environment regulation and control system through the Internet of things.
7. A sunlight greenhouse environment regulation method, which is applicable to a sunlight greenhouse environment regulation system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6; the method is characterized in that: the regulation and control method comprises the following steps of;
S1: the environment monitoring system outside the greenhouse is connected with the environment regulation system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things, the external environment of the greenhouse (1) is divided into four stages according to the environmental change of the temperature and the humidity in one year, the temperature and the humidity in the four stages can be changed, and the temperature monitor and the humidity monitor in the environment monitoring system outside the greenhouse can transmit the monitored data to the environment regulation system in the greenhouse;
S2: after the environment regulation system in the greenhouse receives the temperature and humidity changes monitored by the outside, calculating the leaf surface saturated steam pressure difference of plants in the greenhouse through a VPD calculation formula, and after calculation, transmitting the calculation result to a temperature control device and a high-pressure atomizer on the control of the environment regulation system in the greenhouse through the Internet of things to perform heating, cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying operations on the interior of the greenhouse (1); meanwhile, the environment regulation and control system in the greenhouse controls the load system to work according to the received external environment data;
S3: when the load system works, according to the monitored external environment information of the greenhouse external environment monitoring system, the load system controls the upper winding film device and the lower winding film device to wind and unwind according to the temperature information and the humidity information, and the load system is used for regulating and controlling the internal temperature and humidity environment of the greenhouse (1).
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