CN118064049B - 一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于防腐涂层技术领域,尤其涉及一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层及其制备方法,所述可水中快速固化的防腐涂层包括A组份:四氢呋喃聚醚1000,四氢呋喃聚醚650,腰果壳油酚醛酰胺或腰果壳油酚醛胺,脂肪族异氰酸酯;B组份:四氢呋喃聚醚1000,四氢呋喃聚醚650,双酚A型环氧树脂,固化交联剂,硅灰石长纤维,聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,稀释剂;A组分和B组分质量比为1:1。本发明可水中快速固化的防腐涂层是一种耐磨损、抗老化的新型涂层,可有效提高混凝土耐久性,延长结构服役寿命;施工时能够进行涉水施工,施工快速便捷,且在水中可快速固化,并能保证黏结效果,减少了工期并有效节约施工成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于防腐涂层技术领域,尤其涉及一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层及其制备方法。
背景技术
混凝土结构是海洋建筑工程中应用最为广泛的结构形式之一,不仅遭受氯离子侵蚀、冻融循环破坏、风荷载、波浪荷载等各种海洋因素的影响,同时还遭受潮汐带来的严重破坏,这些因素的影响会导致混凝土结构在服役期间出现保护层剥落、钢筋锈蚀、材料劣化等现象,从而丧失了混凝土结构的耐久性能。对于服役于海洋环境中的混凝土结构,提高混凝土的耐久性将成为重中之重。而提高混凝土的耐久性不仅仅提高混凝土本身的性质,采用涂层防护同样可以提高混凝土的耐久性。混凝土表面的防护涂层可以将混凝土表面的孔隙和缺陷封闭起来,同时也可以渗透到混凝土内部形成憎水体系,防止腐蚀性介质破坏混凝土结构。
常见的海洋防护涂层包括丙烯酸类及环氧类等,但这些传统的涂装材料均无法进行涉水施工,需要保证涂刷结构有三天左右的干燥期以保证黏结效果。对于跨海桥梁浪溅区和水位变动区的桥墩,只能采用年围堰、抽水等手段进行进行涂装辅助,施工成本增加巨大。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术存在的不足,提供一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层及其制备方法,具体的技术方案如下:
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:40-60份四氢呋喃聚醚1000,22-26份四氢呋喃聚醚650,2.5-3份腰果壳油酚醛酰胺或腰果壳油酚醛胺,22-26份脂肪族异氰酸酯;
B组份:22-26份四氢呋喃聚醚1000,18-22份四氢呋喃聚醚650,3-6份双酚A型环氧树脂,5-7份固化交联剂,28-32份硅灰石长纤维,0.4-0.6份聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.4-0.6份聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,8-10份稀释剂;
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1。
本发明采用四氢呋喃聚醚来提高预聚体的交联度,使得形成网状结构,提升耐腐蚀性能;相比于普通聚醚,能够进一步提升涂层材料的耐磨性、耐老化性及耐腐蚀性能;应用两种不同分子量的四氢呋喃聚醚,能够形成分子间长链与短链的组合,使得材料可以兼顾强度和柔韧性。本发明采用的腰果壳油酚醛酰胺或腰果壳油酚醛胺可与异氰酸酯反应,形成互穿网络,进一步提升结构致密性、韧性、耐腐蚀性、耐水性及耐磨性。采用的脂肪族异氰酸酯与四氢呋喃聚醚及固化交联剂反应,能够形成聚氨酯健及脲键,增强结构稳定性。
本发明中的双酚A型环氧树脂组分与异氰酸酯反应形成环氧聚氨酯,起到增韧、提高交联度及硬度的作用,同时进一步增强涂层耐腐蚀性能。硅灰石长纤维是作为填料,增强结构致密性。采用聚烯烃非硅消泡剂可以防止反应过程中产生气泡,甚至可以在高粘度体系中明显地缩短脱气过程,从而提高了生产效率。采用聚丙烯酸酯流平剂可防止缩孔、改善流平,可增进涂层的光泽和长波流平效果,轻微的降低表面张力,不影响重涂和层间附着力,同时,不会引起清漆浑浊和色漆雾影。
进一步地,所述A组份中,所述脂肪族异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述A组份中,所述稀释剂为蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚。
蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚的端部带环氧基团,可以与异氰酸酯反应,不仅起到稀释的作用,同时能够进一步提升固化物性能。
进一步地,所述A组份中,所述稀释剂为碳酸丙烯酯、丙酮或碳酸乙酯中的一种。
进一步地,所述B组份中,所述固化交联剂为二甲硫基甲苯二胺。
本发明的固化交联剂采用二甲硫基甲苯二胺可增加分子量,其含有端氨基,与异氰酸酯反应形成脲键,使得结构更为稳定性。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供上述可水中快速固化的防腐涂层的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
①按照A组分配方将四氢呋喃聚醚1000和四氢呋喃聚醚650放入反应釜,抽真空加热到100-120℃,反应1-3小时,将水分排出;
②降温到20-30℃℃,再将脂肪族异氰酸酯、腰果壳油酚醛酰胺或腰果壳油酚醛胺放入反应釜缓慢加热至85-115℃,充分搅拌1-3小时,即得A组分;
③按照B组分配方,将四氢呋喃聚醚1000、四氢呋喃聚醚650、双酚A型环氧树脂、固化交联剂、硅灰石长纤维、聚烯烃非硅消泡剂、聚丙烯酸酯流平剂及稀释剂放入反应釜,均匀搅拌;在抽真空的条件下,水分控制在0.05%以下,缓慢加热至100-120℃,持续1-3小时,即得B组分;
④将A组分与B组分混合,搅拌均匀,即可得到可水中快速固化的防腐涂层。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明可水中快速固化的防腐涂层与常见的丙烯酸类及环氧类涂层相比,是一种耐磨损、抗老化的新型涂层,可有效提高混凝土耐久性,延长结构服役寿命;施工时无需采用围堰、抽水等涂装辅助手段,能够进行涉水施工,施工快速便捷,且在水中可快速固化,并能保证黏结效果,减少了工期并有效节约施工成本。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例对本发明的原理和特征进行描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1:
一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:50份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,24份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,2.7份的腰果壳油酚醛酰胺,23.5份的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯;
B组份:25份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,20份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,5份的双酚A型环氧树脂,6份的二甲硫基甲苯二胺,30份的硅灰石长纤维,0.5份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.5份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,9份的蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚;
A组分和B组分的质量比为1:1。
所述可水中快速固化的防腐涂层的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
①按照A组分配方将四氢呋喃聚醚1000和四氢呋喃聚醚650放入反应釜,抽真空,真空度-0.09MPa,水分控制在0.05%以下,加热到110℃,反应2小时,将水分排出;
②降温到25℃后,再将脂异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、腰果壳油酚醛酰胺放入反应釜,抽真空,真空度-0.09MPa,水分控制在0.05%以下,缓慢加热至100℃,充分搅拌2小时,即得A组分;
③按照B组分配方,将四氢呋喃聚醚1000、四氢呋喃聚醚650、双酚A型环氧树脂、固化交联剂、硅灰石长纤维、聚烯烃非硅消泡剂、聚丙烯酸酯流平剂及稀释剂放入反应釜,均匀搅拌;在真空度-0.09MPa的条件下,水分控制在0.05%以下,缓慢加热至110℃,持续2小时,即得B组分;
④将A组分与B组分混合,搅拌均匀,即可得到可水中快速固化的防腐涂层。
实施例2:
一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:45份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,26份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,3份的腰果壳油酚醛酰胺,24份的苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯;
B组份:22份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,19份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,6份的双酚A型环氧树脂,5份的二甲硫基甲苯二胺,32份的硅灰石长纤维,0.5份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.5份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,10份的蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚;
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1。
所述可水中快速固化的防腐涂层的制备方法同实施例1,此处不再赘述。
实施例3:
一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:57.75份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,24.15份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,2.73份的腰果壳油酚醛胺,23.1份六亚甲基二异氰酸酯;
B组份:23份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,20份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,4份的双酚A型环氧树脂,5份的二甲硫基甲苯二胺,29份的硅灰石长纤维,0.5份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.6份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,8份的蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚;
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1。
所述可水中快速固化的防腐涂层的制备方法同实施例1,此处不再赘述。
对比例1:
一种防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:49.4份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,21.85份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,2.375份的腰果壳油酚醛胺,20.9份的脂肪族异氰酸酯;
所述B组份包括:25份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,18份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,5份的双酚A型环氧树脂,7份的二甲硫基甲苯二胺,32份的硅灰石长纤维,0.4份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.5份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,9份的丙酮;
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1;
所述防腐涂层的制备方法同实施例1,此处不再赘述。
对比例2:
一种防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:58份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,23份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,1份的腰果壳油酚醛酰胺,24份的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯;
B组份:26份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,18份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,3份的双酚A型环氧树脂,7份的二甲硫基甲苯二胺,32份的硅灰石长纤维,0.5份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.4份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,8份的蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚。
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1。
所述防腐涂层的制备方法同实施例1,此处不再赘述。
对比例3:
一种防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:57.75份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,26.25份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,2.73份的酮亚胺,26.25份的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯;
B组份:25份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,22份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,5份的双酚A型环氧树脂,7份的二乙基甲苯二胺,31份的硅灰石长纤维,0.4份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.6份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,8份的蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚;
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1。
所述防腐涂层的制备方法的步骤②中将添加的腰果壳油酚醛酰胺改为酮亚胺,其他制备方法同实施例1,此处不再赘述。
对比例4:
一种防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:47.5份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,22.8份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,22.3份的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯;
所述B组份包括:25份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,20份的四氢呋喃聚醚650,3.5份的双酚A型环氧树脂,6份的二乙基甲苯二胺,30份的硅灰石长纤维,0.5份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.5份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,9份的蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚。
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1。
所述防腐涂层的制备方法的步骤②中不添加腰果壳油酚醛酰胺,其他制备方法同实施例1,此处不再赘述。
对比例5:
一种防腐涂层,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组份:74份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,2.7份的腰果壳油酚醛酰胺,23.5份的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯;
B组份:45份的四氢呋喃聚醚1000,5份的双酚A型环氧树脂,6份的二甲硫基甲苯二胺,30份的硅灰石长纤维,0.5份的聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.5份的聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,9份的蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚;
A组分和B组分的质量比为1:1。
所述防腐涂层的制备方法的步骤①中不添加四氢呋喃聚醚650,其他制备方法同实施例1,此处不再赘述。
将实施例1-3和对比例1-5提供的涂料分别喷涂于打磨过的铁板上,厚度为1mm,测试各项性能测试各项力学性能。拉伸强度测定按GB/T23446-2009《喷涂聚脲防水涂料》的规定执行;撕裂强度测定按GB/T 529-2008《硫化橡胶或热塑性橡胶撕裂强度的测定(裤形、直角形和新月形试样)》中的方法B进行;将混凝土试件表面打磨光滑,置于水中,后用滚筒在水下涂刷整个试件表面,在试件浸泡至2h及7d时,分别进行附着力测试。附着力参照GB/T5210方法测试;耐浸泡性按照GB/T 9274甲法测试;防腐性(耐盐雾试验)按照GB/T1771方法测试。
测试结果见表1:
表1实施例与对比例的测试结果表
由此可见,本发明可水中快速固化的防腐涂层具有以优异的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和水下附着力;在40℃盐水浸泡300d涂层仍能保持完好耐浸泡性,耐盐雾性测试300d涂层仍无开裂或脱落,是一种耐磨损、抗老化的新型涂层,可有效提高混凝土耐久性,延长结构服役寿命。
施工时无需采用围堰、抽水等涂装辅助手段,涂料比较粘稠,能够进行涉水施工,施工快速便捷,且在水中可快速固化,并能保证黏结效果,减少了工期并有效节约施工成本,非常适合大规模应用于水下桥墩修补及养护工作,可从上涂刷到桥墩的根部(泡在水中的部分),具有显著的效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种可水中快速固化的防腐涂层,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:
A组分:40-60份四氢呋喃聚醚1000,22-26份四氢呋喃聚醚650,2.5-3份腰果壳油酚醛酰胺或腰果壳油酚醛胺,22-26份脂肪族异氰酸酯;
所述脂肪族异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的至少一种;
B组分:22-26份四氢呋喃聚醚1000,18-22份四氢呋喃聚醚650,3-6份双酚A型环氧树脂,5-7份固化交联剂,28-32份硅灰石长纤维,0.4-0.6份聚烯烃非硅消泡剂,0.4-0.6份聚丙烯酸酯流平剂,8-10份稀释剂;
所述稀释剂为蓖麻油多缩水甘油醚,所述固化交联剂为二甲硫基甲苯二胺;
所述A组分和所述B组分的质量比为1:1。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的可水中快速固化的防腐涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
①按照A组分配方将四氢呋喃聚醚1000和四氢呋喃聚醚650放入反应釜,抽真空加热到100-120℃,反应1-3小时,将水分排出;
②降温到20-30℃℃,再将脂肪族异氰酸酯、腰果壳油酚醛酰胺或腰果壳油酚醛胺放入反应釜缓慢加热至85-115℃,充分搅拌1-3小时,即得A组分;
③按照B组分配方,将四氢呋喃聚醚1000、四氢呋喃聚醚650、双酚A型环氧树脂、固化交联剂、硅灰石长纤维、聚烯烃非硅消泡剂、聚丙烯酸酯流平剂及稀释剂放入反应釜,均匀搅拌;在抽真空的条件下,水分控制在0.05%以下,缓慢加热至100-120℃,持续1-3小时,即得B组分;
④将A组分与B组分混合,搅拌均匀,即可得到可水中快速固化的防腐涂层。
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