CN118058035A - Crank connecting rod type air suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing - Google Patents

Abstract

A crank connecting rod type air suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing, which belongs to agricultural machinery; and (3) mounting on the device frame assembly: the automatic seeding machine comprises a driving shaft, a motor, a crank, a deflector rod, a deflector wheel, a lower connecting rod, a rod pin, a middle shaft, a rocker, a long hole type sliding plate, a front shaft, a sliding block, a rear connecting rod, a long hole type seat plate, a fixed rod, a hinge sleeve, a seed sucking and discharging head, a hose, a timing opening and closing valve, a seed box, a rear shaft, a hanging rod, a shell, a wheel shaft, a grooved pulley and a seed sucking and discharging wheel, wherein the seed sucking and discharging mechanism comprises a stepping motor, a screw rod, a screw nut, a driving rod, a parallel four-rod type telescopic assembly and an upper connecting rod; the device realizes stepless adjustment of the row spacing of the seed metering of the air suction seed metering device, has the characteristics of novel, unique, reasonable and compact structure, high adjustment precision, simple, convenient and quick adjustment operation, strong adaptability and wide application range, and improves the utilization rate of the multi-row air suction seed metering device.

Description

Crank connecting rod type air suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a crank-connecting rod type multi-row air-suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing.

Background

Due to the technical advantages of high sowing precision, small damage to seeds, easy configuration on a plurality of rows of large-scale sowing machines and the like, in recent years, the air suction type seed sowing devices with various structures are widely popularized and applied, and play a positive role in improving the sowing mechanical operation level. However, due to the defects in structural design, the sowing operation row spacing of the conventional air suction seed metering device cannot be adjusted and changed according to different agronomic requirements, different crop varieties and different land conditions, and the air suction seed metering device has poor adaptability and narrow application range, and particularly in recent years, in order to improve the operation efficiency and meet the requirement of intensive agricultural operation and use, the large-scale development of the sowing operation device is rapid, and the requirement of the air suction seed metering device for meeting and realizing adjustable row spacing is more urgent and stronger. Therefore, the development of the air suction seed metering device with adjustable multi-row spacing refers to the schedule of technological work.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art, and combines the actual requirements of the current mechanized seeding operation to develop the crank connecting rod type air suction seeding apparatus with adjustable row spacing, thereby achieving the purposes of strong adaptive capacity of the seeding operation, wide application range and improving the service efficiency of the seeding operation machine of the air suction seeding apparatus.

The aim of the invention is realized in the following way: the motor is fixedly arranged outside the lower side of the rear end of the frame assembly, the driving shaft is rotatably inserted and installed on the frame assembly, the driving shaft is connected with a motor shaft of the motor, a crank and a deflector rod are fixedly installed on the driving shaft along the circumferential direction, the deflector wheel is installed on the outer end part of the deflector rod, a lower connecting rod is rotatably hinged on the outer end part of the crank through a handle pin, a seed box and an automatic controller are fixedly installed on the bottom of the frame assembly, a front shaft, a rear shaft and a middle shaft are respectively supported and installed on the frame assembly in parallel, the front end and the rear end of a plurality of upper connecting rods which are longitudinally arranged in parallel are respectively hinged and sleeved on the front shaft and the rear shaft to form supporting connection, sliding blocks are rotatably sleeved on the two end parts of the front shaft respectively, the middle connecting rods with the same number as the upper connecting rods are mutually spaced and hinged and sleeved on the front shaft, the outside of the sliding blocks at the two ends can be respectively sleeved with a long hole type sliding plate in a sliding way, two rocking bars can be respectively sleeved on the two ends of a middle shaft in a circumferential swinging way, the upper ends of the rocking bars are hinged with the long hole type sliding plate, the lower ends of the rocking bars are hinged with a lower connecting rod through a bar pin, the upper ends of the rear sides of the two long hole type sliding plates are supported and fixedly provided with a long hole type seat plate, a plurality of center pin shafts can be transversely and slidably inserted and configured on the long hole type seat plate, a parallel four-bar type telescopic assembly is connected with the long hole type sliding plate into a whole, the bottom side parts of the plurality of center pin shafts are respectively fixedly provided with a fixed bar and a hinge sleeve, the front end part and the rear end part of a rear connecting rod are respectively hinged with the middle connecting rod and the hinge sleeve, a seed sucking and discharging head is fixedly arranged on the rear end part of the fixed bar, a hose with a timing opening and closing air valve is communicated with a seed sucking and discharging head, a wheel shaft is rotatably supported and installed on the rear side part of the machine frame assembly and at the position below the rear shaft, the wheel axle is positioned at the inner side of the frame assembly and is sequentially and fixedly provided with seed charging and discharging wheels with the number equal to that of the upper connecting rods, the grooved wheels are fixedly arranged at the outer side end parts of the wheel axle, the grooved wheels are in clamping contact stirring fit or are separated from clamping contact fit with the shifting wheels, hanging rods with the number equal to that of the upper connecting rods are sequentially and mutually sleeved on the rear axle at intervals, the shell is fixedly arranged at the lower side part of the hanging rods and is positioned at the outer part of the corresponding seed charging and discharging wheels to contain the corresponding seed charging and discharging wheels, a screw rod is supported and arranged on the upper end part of the frame assembly and above the upper connecting rods in a mutually parallel manner and rotatably, a nut is axially movably sleeved on the screw rod, the upper end part and the lower end part of a driving rod are respectively connected with the screw nut and the middle part of the upper connecting rods, a motor shaft of a stepping motor fixedly arranged on the frame assembly is connected with the screw rod, and the seed sucking and discharging heads are respectively matched with the seed tank and the seed charging and discharging wheels positioned in the shell; the automatic controller is respectively communicated with the motor and the stepping motor by the electric lead, so that the crank connecting rod type air suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing is formed.

The invention combines the crank connecting rod mechanism and the sheave mechanism, and simultaneously converts the continuous constant-speed rotation of the same motor into the variable-speed reciprocating swing of the seed sucking and discharging head and the intermittent movement of the sheave, thereby completing the intermittent rotation of seed sucking and discharging heads, seed discharging and seed charging and discharging wheels, and utilizes the stepping motor to drive the parallel four-rod type telescopic assembly to control and change the spacing between a plurality of seed sucking and discharging heads, thereby realizing the stepless adjustment of the row spacing of the air sucking and discharging device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the overall structure of a crank-link type air-suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing;

FIG. 2 is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a crank-link type air-suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the parallel four-bar telescopic assembly and the elongated slot type seat plate, hinge sleeve and mounting bar.

Part number description in the drawings:

1. The device comprises a device frame assembly, 2, a thumb wheel, 3, a motor, 4, a crank, 5, a grooved pulley, 6, a wheel shaft, 7, a shell, 8, a hanging rod, 9, a rear shaft, 10, an upper connecting rod, 11, a seed sucking and discharging head, 12, a parallel four-bar telescopic assembly, 12-1, a central pin shaft, 13, a hose, 14, a long hole type sliding plate, 15, a sliding block, 16, a front shaft, 17, a rocker, 18, a central shaft, 19, a lower connecting rod, 20, a seed box, 21, a timing opening and closing valve, 22, a handle pin, 23, a driving shaft, 24, a thumb lever, 25, a seed charging and discharging wheel, 26, a lever pin, 27, a rear connecting rod, 28, a middle connecting rod, 29, a screw, 30, a screw nut, 31, a stepping motor, 32, a driving rod, 33, an automatic controller, 34, a fixed rod, 35, a hinge sleeve, 36 and a long groove type seat plate.

Detailed Description

The following describes the inventive embodiments in detail with reference to the drawings. A crank-link type air-suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing is characterized in that a motor 3 is fixedly arranged outside the lower side of the rear end of a device frame assembly 1, a driving shaft 23 is rotatably inserted and installed on the device frame assembly 1, the driving shaft 23 is connected with a motor shaft of the motor 3, a crank 4 and a deflector rod 24 are fixedly installed on the driving shaft 23 respectively along the circumferential direction which are different by 90 degrees, a deflector wheel 2 is installed on the outer end part of the deflector rod 24, a lower connecting rod 19 is rotatably hinged on the outer end part of the crank 4 relatively through a handle pin 22, a seed box 20 and an automatic controller 33 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the device frame assembly 1 respectively, a front shaft 16 and a rear shaft 16 are respectively supported and installed on the device frame assembly 1 in parallel mutually, The front end and the rear end of a plurality of upper connecting rods 10 which are longitudinally arranged in parallel are respectively hinged and sleeved on a front shaft 16 and a rear shaft 9 to be in supporting connection, sliding blocks 15 are rotatably sleeved on two end parts of the front shaft 16 respectively, middle connecting rods 28 with the same number as the upper connecting rods 10 are mutually hinged and sleeved on the front shaft 16 at intervals, long hole type sliding plates 14 are sleeved on the outer parts of the sliding blocks 15 at the two end parts in a sliding mode respectively, two rocking rods 17 are sleeved on two end parts of the middle shaft 18 in a circumferential swinging mode, the upper ends of the rocking rods 17 are hinged with the long hole type sliding plates 14, the lower ends of the rocking rods 17 are hinged with lower connecting rods 19 through rod pins 26, the upper end parts of the rear sides of the two long hole type sliding plates 14 are supported and fixedly provided with long groove type seat plates 36, a plurality of central pin shafts 12-1 are transversely and slidably inserted and arranged on the long groove type seat plates 36, the parallel four-bar type telescopic assembly 12 and the long hole type sliding plates 14 are connected into a whole, the bottom side parts of the plurality of central pin shafts 12-1 are respectively fixedly provided with a fixed rod 34 and a hinge sleeve 35, the front end part and the rear end part of a rear connecting rod 27 are respectively hinged with a middle connecting rod 28 and the hinge sleeve 35, a seed sucking and discharging head 11 is fixedly arranged on the rear end part of the fixed rod 34, a hose 13 with a timing opening and closing air valve 21 is communicated with the seed sucking and discharging head 11, and the rear side part of the frame assembly 1 is provided with, The wheel axle 6 is rotatably supported and installed at the lower part of the rear axle 9, the wheel axle 6 is sequentially fixedly provided with seed charging and discharging wheels 25 with the same number as the upper connecting rods 10 at the inner part of the frame assembly 1, the grooved wheels 5 are fixedly provided at the outer end parts of the wheel axle 6, the grooved wheels 5 are in clamping-in contact and stirring-out fit or are separated from the clamping-in contact fit with the poking wheels 2, hanging rods 8 with the same number as the upper connecting rods 10 are sequentially sleeved on the rear axle 9 at intervals, the shell 7 is fixedly provided at the lower side part of the hanging rods 8, the shell 7 is positioned at the outer part of the corresponding seed charging and discharging wheels 25 to contain the same, the lead screws 29 are rotatably supported and installed on the upper end part of the frame assembly 1 and are mutually parallel to the rear axle 9 at the upper part of the upper connecting rods 10, the screw 30 is sleeved on the screw 29 in an axially movable way, the upper end part and the lower end part of the driving rod 32 are respectively connected with the screw 30 and the middle part of the upper connecting rod 10, a motor shaft of the stepping motor 31 fixedly arranged on the device frame assembly 1 is connected with the screw 29, and the seed suction and discharge head 11 is respectively matched with the seed box 20 and the seed charging and discharging wheel 25 positioned in the shell 7; electrical leads connect the automatic controller 33 to the motor 3 and the stepper motor 31, respectively.

When the seed sucking and discharging device is used, the motor 3 is started to rotate by the automatic controller 33, the crank 4 and the deflector rod 24 are synchronously driven to rotate by the rotating power of the motor 3 through the driving shaft 23, the crank 4 sequentially passes through the lower connecting rod 19 and the rocker 17 to drive the long hole type sliding plate 14 to do reciprocating sliding motion on the sliding block 15, meanwhile, the long hole type sliding plate 14 also completes the rotation in the vertical direction on the front shaft 16, the long hole type sliding plate 14 sequentially drives the seed sucking and discharging head 11 to do back-and-forth movement and circular arc up-and-down swinging compound motion through the long strip type seat plate 36 and the fixed rod 34, when the seed sucking and discharging head 11 is positioned above the seed box 20, the timing opening and closing valve 21 is opened, the negative pressure suction in the hose 13 adsorbs seeds in the seed box 20 on the seed sucking and discharging head 11, and then when the seed sucking and discharging head 11 rotates to the position above the side of the shell 7, the negative pressure in the hose 13 is closed, the seeds adsorbed on the seed sucking and discharging head 11 are sequentially thrown into the seed charging and discharging wheel 25 under the action of self gravity, simultaneously, the negative pressure in the hose 13 is sequentially matched with the groove wheel 5 and the driving wheel 25 to sequentially drive the seed sucking and discharging wheel 25 to sequentially to finish the seed discharging and discharging operation through the groove wheel 25. The driving shaft 23 rotates for one circle, and the seed sucking and discharging head 11 completes one-time seed sucking, feeding and discharging operation.

When the row spacing is adjusted, the automatic controller 33 starts the stepping motor 31 to drive the screw rod 29 to rotate forwards or reversely, the screw nut 30 drives the parallel four-bar type telescopic assembly 12 to transversely move and stretch through the driving rod 32, the upper connecting rod 10, the middle connecting rod 28, the rear connecting rod 27, the hinge sleeve 35 and the central pin shaft 12-1 in sequence, the fixing rod 34 is used for driving the seed suction and discharge head 11 to finish the row spacing change of sowing, meanwhile, the upper connecting rod 10 drives the hanging rod 8 to transversely move on the rear shaft 9, and the hanging rod 8 drives the shell 7 to transversely move to finish the synchronous adjustment with the seed suction and discharge head 11 so as to ensure the matching of the seed suction and discharge heads.

Claims (1)

1. A crank connecting rod type air suction seed metering device with adjustable row spacing is characterized in that: the motor (3) is fixedly arranged outside the lower side of the rear end of the device frame assembly (1), the driving shaft (23) is rotatably inserted and installed on the device frame assembly (1), the driving shaft (23) is connected with a motor shaft of the motor (3), a crank (4) and a deflector rod (24) are fixedly installed on the driving shaft (23) respectively along the circumferential direction which are different by 90 degrees, the deflector wheel (2) is installed on the outer end part of the deflector rod (24), a lower connecting rod (19) is rotatably hinged on the outer end part of the crank (4) through a handle pin (22), a seed box (20) and an automatic controller (33) are fixedly installed on the bottom of the device frame assembly (1) respectively, front shafts (16), rear shafts (9) and middle shafts (18) are respectively supported and mounted on the device frame assembly (1) in parallel, the front ends and the rear ends of a plurality of upper connecting rods (10) which are longitudinally arranged in parallel are respectively hinged and sleeved on the front shafts (16) and the rear shafts (9) to form supporting connection, sliding blocks (15) are rotatably sleeved on two end parts of the front shafts (16) respectively, middle connecting rods (28) with the same number as the upper connecting rods (10) are hinged and sleeved on the front shafts (16) at intervals, long hole type sliding plates (14) are sleeved on the outer parts of the sliding blocks (15) at the two end parts in a front-back sliding mode respectively, two rocking rods (17) are sleeved on two end parts of the middle shafts (18) in a circumferential swinging mode, the upper ends of the rocking bars (17) are hinged with the long hole type sliding plates (14), the lower ends of the rocking bars (17) are hinged with the lower connecting rods (19) through bar pins (26), the upper end parts of the rear sides of the two long hole type sliding plates (14) are supported and fixedly provided with long hole type seat plates (36), a plurality of center pin shafts (12-1) can be transversely and slidably inserted and configured on the long hole type seat plates (36), the parallel four bar type telescopic assemblies (12) are connected with the long hole type sliding plates (14) into a whole, the bottom side parts of the center pin shafts (12-1) are respectively fixedly provided with fixing rods (34) and hinge sleeves (35), the front end parts and the rear end parts of the rear connecting rods (27) are respectively hinged with the middle connecting rods (28) and the hinge sleeves (35), the seed sucking and discharging head (11) is fixedly arranged on the rear end part of the fixed rod (34), a hose (13) with a timing opening and closing valve (21) is communicated with the seed sucking and discharging head (11), a wheel shaft (6) is rotatably supported and arranged on the rear side part of the frame assembly (1) and positioned below the rear shaft (9), seed charging and discharging wheels (25) with the same number as the upper connecting rods (10) are sequentially fixedly arranged on the inner side part of the frame assembly (1) of the wheel shaft (6), grooved wheels (5) are fixedly arranged on the outer side end part of the wheel shaft (6), the grooved wheels (5) are in clamping-in contact stirring fit or separating-in contact fit with the poking wheels (2), hanging rods (8) with the same number as the upper connecting rods (10) are sequentially sleeved on the rear shaft (9) at intervals, the shell (7) is fixedly arranged on the lower side part of the hanging rod (8), the shell (7) is positioned outside the corresponding seed charging and discharging wheel (25) to contain the seed charging and discharging wheel, the upper end part of the frame assembly (1) is positioned above the upper connecting rod (10) and is mutually parallel to the rear shaft (9) and rotatably supports and mounts a screw rod (29), the screw rod (30) is sleeved on the screw rod (29) in an axially movable way, the upper end part and the lower end part of the driving rod (32) are respectively connected with the screw rod (30) and the middle part of the upper connecting rod (10), a motor shaft of a stepping motor (31) fixedly arranged on the frame assembly (1) is connected with the screw rod (29), and the seed sucking and discharging head (11) is respectively matched with the seed box (20) and the seed charging and discharging wheel (25) positioned in the shell (7); the automatic controller (33) is respectively communicated with the motor (3) and the stepping motor (31) through the electric wires.