CN118050776A - GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under condition of denser sites - Google Patents
GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under condition of denser sites Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake prediction, in particular to a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under the condition of denser sites, which solves the defects of high cost, time and labor waste and the like caused by the fact that the precision of earthquake monitoring can only be improved by increasing the number of GNSS sites in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake prediction, in particular to a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under the condition of denser sites.
Background
In the middle-long-term earthquake prediction research, monitoring the motion state of a fault is an important way for judging whether a fault is in the danger of earthquake, wherein an important parameter of the fault is as follows: the blocking depth is an important parameter for judging the risk of fault earthquake, and the parameter is very sensitive to the shape of a curve and is difficult to control.
At present, the fault motion state is monitored, and the main means for obtaining the fault locking depth is to obtain the fault locking depth through long-term monitoring by using GNSS (Global Navigation SATELLITE SYSTEM, GNSS) stations built on two sides of the fault. GNSS sites are a valuable strategic resource, requiring high costs of manpower and materials from site building to post maintenance, so it is necessary to obtain a fault locking depth with higher accuracy by reasonably laying out site locations.
In the prior art, scholars have proposed a deformation monitoring scheme aiming at faults, and the scheme is sufficient aiming at most faults in China at present. Because the number of stations for monitoring the fault section in China is generally below 20. However, in the future, encryption of GNSS sites is a big trend, and when the site resources are relatively large, for example, 38 monitoring sites are available in the united states at a fault section of the san An Delie s fault, then denser sites can be utilized to improve on the basis of the original site layout scheme, so that the accuracy of the observation result is higher.
The site layout in the prior art mainly comprises equidistant layout, equal deformation layout and equal slope layout, as shown in fig. 1, wherein a coordinate 0 represents the position of a fault. The blue solid line represents the theoretical curve of deformation of the fault, and the black dots represent the distribution of the sites. FIG. 1 (a) is a layout scheme adopted in the prior art, and is laid at equal intervals; FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c) are two layout schemes proposed by the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 (b) is an equal deflection layout; FIG. 1 (c) is an equal slope magnitude layout.
Although the prior art can cope with most faults in China, the layout scheme of faults with denser sites still has larger reasonable improvement space, and if the monitoring precision is to be improved, the faults can be only carried out by increasing the number of GNSS sites, but the faults can lead to waste of GNSS strategic resources, time and labor are wasted, and the cost is higher.
Therefore, a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under the condition of denser sites needs to be designed, and on the basis of equal slope quantity layout, the layout of the density distribution of the monitored fault sites can be controlled, and under the condition of denser site number, higher fault parameter precision can be obtained under the condition of existing site number.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under the condition of denser sites, which can control the layout of the sparse and dense distribution of the monitored fault sites on the basis of equal slope quantity layout, and can obtain higher fault parameter precision under the condition of denser site number.
In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation in the case of denser sites, comprising the steps of:
s1, improving on the basis of equal slope quantity layout, wherein the formula of the equal slope quantity layout is as follows:
equation one:
Wherein x is the distance from a certain station to a fault, y is the first derivative of deformation quantity generated by the station, s is the sliding speed of the fault, and d is the fault locking depth;
The first formula is modified into the following second formula:
wherein t is a parameter capable of controlling the degree of fault density;
S2, repeatedly calculating the optimal observation precision of fault parameters under different t values by setting the different t values;
s3, presetting fault locking depth as d, setting the number of stations as n, and calculating a fault deformation theoretical curve through a formula II;
and S4, equally dividing the curve calculated in the step S3 on the vertical axis, and converting the curve to the horizontal axis to obtain coordinates.
S5, using (n/2) -1 stations to lay one side of the fault, and giving out station distribution of the fault section;
S6, placing a station at the position right in the middle of the station farthest from the fault and the adjacent station, and finishing station layout at one side of the fault;
S7, distributing stations on the other side of the fault in a mode of axial symmetry of the fault;
S8, calculating the blocking depth of the fault and the corresponding middle error by using the distributed stations in different periods;
and S9, when the error in the calculated locking depth is found to be smaller and is close to stable, the calculated locking depth is shown to be closer to the preset value of the locking depth obtained in the step S3, and then the earthquake risk of faults is judged through continuous monitoring.
When the optimal observation accuracy is obtained in S2, t=1.2, and the number of stations n=38.
The preset fault locking depth in S3 is preset through the depth of a seismic source of a historical earthquake or the lower limit depth of small-earthquake accurate positioning.
The different periods in S8 are 3-5 years apart.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention can control the distribution of the density distribution of the monitored fault sites on the basis of the equal slope distribution, and can obtain higher fault parameter precision under the condition of the existing site number without additionally increasing the number of GNSS sites under the condition of denser site number.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional site layout scheme in the background of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the mid-error behavior of the sliding velocity and the locking depth at different t.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the error performance under the distribution of sites over a fracture zone segment of a san An Delie S fracture zone in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a GNSS site deployment method for monitoring fault deformation in the case of denser sites:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, improving on the basis of equal slope quantity layout, wherein the formula of the equal slope quantity layout is as follows:
equation one:
Wherein x is the distance from a certain station to a fault, y is the first derivative of deformation quantity generated by the station, s is the sliding speed of the fault, and d is the fault locking depth;
The first formula is modified into the following second formula:
wherein t is a parameter capable of controlling the degree of fault density;
as shown in fig. 2, S2, by setting different t values, calculating the best observation accuracy of the fault parameters under the different t values repeatedly;
s3, presetting fault locking depth as d, setting the number of stations as n, and calculating a fault deformation theoretical curve through a formula II;
and S4, equally dividing the curve calculated in the step S3 on the vertical axis, and converting the curve to the horizontal axis to obtain coordinates.
S5, using (n/2) -1 stations to lay one side of the fault, and giving out station distribution of the fault section;
S6, placing a station at the position right in the middle of the station farthest from the fault and the adjacent station, and finishing station layout at one side of the fault;
S7, distributing stations on the other side of the fault in a mode of axial symmetry of the fault;
S8, calculating the blocking depth of the fault and the corresponding middle error by using the distributed stations in different periods;
And S9, when the error in the calculated locking depth is found to be smaller and is close to stable, the calculated locking depth is shown to be closer to the preset value of the locking depth obtained in the step S3, namely the error in the locking depth is smaller and is close to stable, the fault can be judged to be in the late stage of earthquake pregnancy and earthquake, and then the earthquake risk of the fault is judged through continuous monitoring.
When the optimal observation accuracy is obtained in S2, t=1.2, and the number of stations n=38.
The preset fault locking depth in S3 is preset through the depth of a seismic source of a historical earthquake or the lower limit depth of small-earthquake accurate positioning.
The different periods in S8 are 3-5 years apart.
Under the condition that the number of stations is relatively dense (when the number of stations is greater than 38), the invention can obtain higher fault parameter precision under the condition that the number of stations is existing:
In fig. 3a is a distribution of sites over a fault section of the san An Delie s fracture zone, which is seen to be 38 sites and has been a more rational distribution of sites, which has been better than the results obtained in the first solution. The 38 sites are redistributed using the present invention, and the mid-error results at different preset values of the lock depth are compared (as shown in fig. 3 b).
The results show that the results of the invention are better. That is to say, when the national encryption sites monitor fault movement in the future, when the number of sites is accumulated more, the site layout scheme provided by the invention can be adopted for layout.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, only for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the present application, and the scope of the present application is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present application belong to the scope of the present application. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present application may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
The invention solves the defects of high cost, time and labor waste and the like caused by the fact that the precision of seismic monitoring can only be improved by increasing the number of GNSS stations in the prior art, can control the arrangement of the density distribution of the monitored fault stations on the basis of equal slope quantity arrangement, can obtain higher fault parameter precision under the condition of the number of the existing stations without additionally increasing the number of the GNSS stations under the condition of denser station number, greatly saves GNSS strategic resources, improves the monitoring precision, provides assistance for seismic monitoring, and has great social value and contribution.
Claims (4)
1. The GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under the condition of denser sites is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, improving on the basis of equal slope quantity layout, wherein the formula of the equal slope quantity layout is as follows:
equation one:
Wherein x is the distance from a certain station to a fault, y is the first derivative of deformation quantity generated by the station, s is the sliding speed of the fault, and d is the fault locking depth;
the first formula is modified into the following formula:
Formula II:
wherein t is a parameter capable of controlling the degree of fault density;
S2, repeatedly calculating the optimal observation precision of fault parameters under different t values by setting the different t values;
S3, presetting fault locking depth as d, setting the number of stations as n, and calculating a fault deformation theoretical curve through the formula II;
and S4, equally dividing the curve calculated in the step S3 on the vertical axis, and converting the curve to the horizontal axis to obtain coordinates.
S5, using (n/2) -1 stations to lay one side of the fault, and giving out station distribution of the fault section;
S6, placing a station at the position right in the middle of the station farthest from the fault and the adjacent station, and finishing station layout at one side of the fault;
S7, distributing stations on the other side of the fault in a mode of axial symmetry of the fault;
S8, calculating the blocking depth of the fault and the corresponding middle error by using the distributed stations in different periods;
And S9, when the error in the calculated locking depth is found to be smaller and is close to stable, the calculated locking depth is indicated to be closer to the preset value of the locking depth obtained in the step S3, and then the earthquake risk of faults is judged through continuous monitoring.
2. The GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation in the case of denser sites according to claim 1, wherein when the best observation accuracy is obtained in S2, the t=1.2, and the number of sites n=38.
3. The GNSS site deployment method for monitoring fault deformation in the denser site case of claim 1, wherein the preset fault occlusion depth in S3 is preset by the source depth of the historical earthquake or by the lower limit depth of the small earthquake fine positioning.
4. The GNSS site deployment method for monitoring fault deformation in the case of denser site according to claim 1, wherein the different periods in S8 are 3-5 years apart.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410209943.9A CN118050776A (en) | 2024-02-26 | 2024-02-26 | GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under condition of denser sites |
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| CN202410209943.9A CN118050776A (en) | 2024-02-26 | 2024-02-26 | GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault deformation under condition of denser sites |
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