CN117761729A - GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault occlusion depth - Google Patents
GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault occlusion depth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake prediction, in particular to a GNSS station layout method for monitoring fault blocking depth, which is characterized in that stations with the same number are redistributed through equal deformation quantity layout and equal slope quantity layout, then a certain GNSS speed field error is set, different blocking depths are preset, finally the monitoring parameters of faults are evaluated, and the control blocking depth is obtained from the result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake prediction, in particular to a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault locking depth.
Background
In the middle-long-term earthquake prediction research, monitoring the motion state of faults is an important way for judging whether a fault is in earthquake danger or not. An important parameter "locking depth" of faults is an important parameter for judging the risk of faults and earthquakes, and the parameter is very sensitive to the shape of a curve and is difficult to control.
The main means for monitoring the fault occlusion depth is currently obtained by long-term monitoring through GNSS (Global Navigation Satell ite System, GNSS) sites built on both sides of the fault. GNSS sites are a valuable strategic resource requiring high costs of manpower and materials from site building to post maintenance. And hundreds of fracture zones with large earthquake generating capacity exist in China, each fracture zone has respective segmentation characteristics, for example, each segment of each fracture zone is monitored completely, a large number of GNSS stations are needed, and the monitoring cost is immeasurable.
Therefore, the fault can be monitored by using as few stations as possible, and a better monitoring result can be obtained, and by using a limited number of GNSS stations and reasonably arranging station positions, the locking depth of the fault with higher precision is necessary. At present, no complete and reasonable layout scheme exists for fault monitoring, namely, stations are generally distributed at equal intervals, namely, stations are distributed at equal distances from faults, the layout mode of the stations is not quite reasonable and is inconsistent with deformation characteristics of the faults, and specifically, the density of the distributed stations is relatively sparse in the near field of the faults, and the far field is relatively dense. However, when the deformation characteristics of the faults are changed at a high frequency, more stations are required to control, the far field is changed at a low frequency, and fewer stations are used to control, so that the deformation characteristics of the faults are inconsistent with the current equidistant arrangement mode.
Therefore, based on the above reasons, a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault occlusion depth needs to be designed, so that the sites are located at the required positions by conforming to the layout mode of fault deformation characteristics, and on the basis of reducing the number of sites as much as possible, fault parameter results with better precision can be obtained, thereby reducing the cost of seismic monitoring and promoting the progress of site layout.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a GNSS station layout method for monitoring fault locking depth, which enables stations to be positioned at required positions by conforming to the layout mode of fault deformation characteristics, and can obtain fault parameter results with better precision on the basis of reducing the number of stations as much as possible, thereby reducing the cost of seismic monitoring and advancing the schedule of station layout.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a GNSS site layout method for monitoring a fault occlusion depth, the layout method including an equal deformation amount layout and an equal slope amount layout;
the layout of equal deformation quantity, namely the deformation quantity between two adjacent stations is equal, so that the layout of the stations formed is consistent with the deformation characteristics of faults, the preset value of the known locking depth is d, the number of the stations is n, the stations are utilized to equally divide the longitudinal direction, and then the stations are converted into coordinates on a transverse axis;
the equal slope quantity layout is performed according to the nonlinearity degree of the fault deformation, the places with high nonlinearity degree are densely laid, the places with low nonlinearity degree, i.e. the places with high linearity degree are sparsely laid, the preset value of the fault locking depth is d, and the number of stations is n; first order derivative functions of a fault deformation theoretical curve are calculated, then the derivative function curve is equally divided in the vertical axis direction, and coordinates obtained by converting the derivative function curve to the horizontal axis are station distribution distributed in an equal slope amount.
The layout method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, determining the number of GNSS sites, wherein n is an even number, and n cannot be less than 10;
s2, selecting a fault section to be monitored;
s3, positioning the depth of the seismic source to a preset value of the locking depth of the fault section according to the depth of the seismic source of the past historical earthquake; or using the lower limit depth of the small earthquake fine positioning to position the preset value of the blocking depth of the fault;
s4, on the basis of S3, station distribution of the fault section is given by combining the equal deformation quantity layout and the equal slope quantity layout;
s5, calculating the blocking depth of the fault and the corresponding middle error by using the distributed stations in different periods;
and S6, judging the error in the step S5, and when the error is close to stable, indicating that the locking depth is more and more close to the preset value of the locking depth obtained in the step S3.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the station distribution method can better monitor fault deformation, redistribute the stations with the same number, set a certain GNSS speed field error, then preset different locking depths, and finally monitor parameters of faults, the sliding speed s and the error of the locking depth d, so that the effect of controlling the locking depth is better.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout scheme of the present invention versus equidistant layout.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a GNSS site distribution of a fault section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calculation result of a preset value according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a GNSS site layout method for monitoring fault occlusion depth, the layout method comprising equal deformation quantity layout and equal slope quantity layout;
as shown in fig. 1, the layout of equal deformation, that is, the deformation between two adjacent stations is equal, so that the layout of the stations formed is consistent with the deformation characteristics of faults, the preset value of the known locking depth is d, the number of stations is n, the n stations are utilized to equally divide the longitudinal direction, and then the n stations are converted into coordinates on the transverse axis;
the equal slope quantity layout is performed according to the nonlinearity degree of the fault deformation, the places with high nonlinearity degree are densely laid, the places with low nonlinearity degree, i.e. the places with high linearity degree are sparsely laid, the preset value of the fault locking depth is d, and the number of stations is n; first order derivative functions of a fault deformation theoretical curve are calculated, then the derivative function curve is equally divided in the vertical axis direction, and coordinates obtained by converting the derivative function curve to the horizontal axis are station distribution distributed in an equal slope amount.
The layout method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, determining the number of GNSS sites, wherein n is an even number, and n cannot be less than 10;
s2, selecting a fault section to be monitored;
s3, positioning the depth of the seismic source to a preset value of the locking depth of the fault section according to the depth of the seismic source of the past historical earthquake; or using the lower limit depth of the small earthquake fine positioning to position the preset value of the blocking depth of the fault;
s4, on the basis of S3, station distribution of the fault section is given by combining the equal deformation quantity layout and the equal slope quantity layout;
s5, calculating the blocking depth of the fault and the corresponding middle error by using the distributed stations at different periods, such as every 3 years or 5 years;
and S6, judging the error in the step S5, and when the error is close to stable, indicating that the locking depth is more and more close to the preset value of the locking depth obtained in the step S3, wherein the earthquake risk of the fault is high. At this point (i.e., the error in the depth of the occlusion is smaller and near stationary) it can be determined that the fault is in the late phase of the earthquake's pregnancy. Therefore, the purpose of judging the earthquake risk of faults by using the site layout scheme and continuously monitoring is achieved.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the site distribution generated by the equal deformation quantity distribution and the equal slope quantity distribution can monitor the fault deformation better. Wherein FIG. 2a is a section of a fault selected, the black box is a distribution of GNSS stations monitoring the section, and FIG. 2b is a distribution of stations (i.e., distances of each station from the fault). The method comprises the steps of redistributing sites with the same number by utilizing two layout modes, setting certain GNSS speed field errors, presetting different locking depths, and finally monitoring fault parameters: the slip rate s and the latch depth d. From the results, it can be seen that the effect of controlling the latch-up depth is better.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, only for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the present application, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The invention fundamentally solves the problem that the deformation characteristics of the faults are inconsistent in the equidistant arrangement in the prior art, not only meets the purpose and effect of monitoring the faults by the way of arranging the points according with the deformation characteristics of the faults, but also reduces the arrangement of the points as much as possible, can obtain the locking depth of the faults with higher precision, reduces the monitoring cost and promotes the comprehensiveness of the monitoring engineering.
Claims (2)
1. The GNSS site layout method for monitoring the fault locking depth is characterized by comprising the steps of layout with equal deformation quantity and layout with equal slope quantity;
the equal deformation quantity layout, namely the deformation quantity between two adjacent stations is equal, so that the layout of the stations is consistent with the fault deformation characteristics, the preset value of the known locking depth is d, the number of the stations is n, the stations are utilized to equally divide the longitudinal direction, and then the stations are converted into coordinates on a transverse axis;
the equal-slope-rate layout is performed according to the nonlinearity degree of the fault deformation, the places with high nonlinearity degree are densely laid, the places with low nonlinearity degree, i.e. the places with high linearity degree are sparsely laid, the preset value of the fault locking depth is d, and the number of stations is n; first order derivative functions of a fault deformation theoretical curve are calculated, then the derivative function curve is equally divided in the vertical axis direction, and coordinates obtained by converting the derivative function curve to the horizontal axis are station distribution distributed in an equal slope amount.
2. The GNSS site deployment method for monitoring fault occlusion depth of claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the deployment method are:
s1, determining the number of GNSS sites, wherein n is an even number, and n cannot be less than 10;
s2, selecting a fault section to be monitored;
s3, positioning the depth of the seismic source to a preset value of the locking depth of the fault section according to the depth of the seismic source of the past historical earthquake; or using the lower limit depth of the small earthquake fine positioning to position the preset value of the blocking depth of the fault;
s4, based on the S3, combining the equal deformation quantity layout and the equal slope quantity layout to give the site distribution of the fault section;
s5, calculating the blocking depth of the fault and the corresponding middle error by using the distributed stations in different periods;
and S6, judging the error in the step S5, and when the error is close to stable, indicating that the locking depth is more and more close to the preset value of the locking depth obtained in the step S3.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111830561A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method for constructing fault three-dimensional structure based on seismic distribution characteristics |
| US20210011149A1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-01-14 | Central South University | InSAR and GNSS weighting method for three-dimensional surface deformation estimation |
| CN114004104A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-01 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | CORS site selection method based on checkerboard test |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210011149A1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-01-14 | Central South University | InSAR and GNSS weighting method for three-dimensional surface deformation estimation |
| CN111830561A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method for constructing fault three-dimensional structure based on seismic distribution characteristics |
| CN114004104A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-01 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | CORS site selection method based on checkerboard test |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ZHENYU ZOU: "Study on the layout of GNSS sites for strike-slip faults", GEOPHYS. J. INT. (2019) 219, 31 July 2019 (2019-07-31), pages 1131 - 1137 * |
| 邹镇宇: "走滑断层震间形变ＧＰＳ观测站点 布设的合理性分析", 地震, 31 January 2018 (2018-01-31) * |
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