CN118049853A - Smelting furnace and smelting method - Google Patents
Smelting furnace and smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118049853A CN118049853A CN202410451844.1A CN202410451844A CN118049853A CN 118049853 A CN118049853 A CN 118049853A CN 202410451844 A CN202410451844 A CN 202410451844A CN 118049853 A CN118049853 A CN 118049853A
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting equipment, and particularly discloses a smelting furnace and a smelting method, wherein the smelting furnace comprises a furnace body and a frame body, a feed inlet is formed in the furnace body, a discharging barrel can move up and down through the feed inlet, two discharge openings are formed in the lower end of the discharging barrel, two discharging baffles can respectively seal the two discharge openings, a slag removing mechanism comprises a slag scraping component and a slag sucking component, the slag scraping component comprises two metal plates, the metal plates are of flexible structures and are in arc plate states and straight plate states, when the metal plates are in the arc plate states, the two metal plates can be attached to the side walls of the feed inlet, in the process of switching from the arc plate states to the straight plate states, the two metal plates can be mutually close, and can drive the two discharging baffles to be close, and the slag sucking component comprises a slag sucking box and a negative pressure fan which are arranged in the discharging barrel; the invention can simultaneously carry out deslagging work and discharging work, has higher deslagging efficiency and can avoid the phenomenon of scum sinking during discharging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting equipment, in particular to a smelting furnace and a smelting method.
Background
Smelting refers to a process of heating solid metal above a melting point thereof to be changed into a liquid state, wherein a smelting furnace is the most commonly used metal smelting equipment, the smelting furnace melts the metal into metal slurry through high-temperature heating, then the metal slurry is injected into a corresponding mold to finish metal processing, solid residues are generated in addition to the liquid metal in the smelting process, the residues float on the surface of the molten metal to form scum, the quality of the smelting process and a final metal product is influenced, in addition, if scum is not removed timely, the scum is easily brought back to the bottom of a furnace by the materials when the materials are added each time, the scum can block a hearth, smelting efficiency is influenced, smelting time is prolonged, energy consumption is increased, and even smelting cannot be performed due to serious blockage, so that scum needs to be removed timely.
When the smelting furnace in the related art is used for removing the scum, the scum in the smelting furnace is mostly filtered and salvaged by adopting a salvaging spoon, but the mode is high in labor intensity and low in salvaging efficiency, and when materials are added each time, in order to avoid the phenomenon of scum sinking, the scum is required to be removed firstly, and the materials can be added, so that the working efficiency of the smelting furnace can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a smelting furnace and a smelting method, and aims to solve the problems that when a smelting furnace in the related art is used for removing scum, the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and when materials are added, the scum needs to be removed firstly and then the materials are added, so that the working efficiency of the smelting furnace is influenced.
In a first aspect, the smelting furnace of the invention comprises a furnace body and a frame body, wherein the upper end of the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet, one side of the furnace body is provided with a discharge outlet, and a sealing plate capable of sealing the feed inlet is arranged at the feed inlet, and the smelting furnace further comprises:
The discharging cylinder can move up and down through the feeding hole, the upper end of the discharging cylinder is hinged with a cover plate, and the lower end of the discharging cylinder is provided with two discharging holes;
The two discharging baffles can respectively seal the two discharging openings, and one end of each discharging baffle can be attached to the inner side wall of the discharging barrel;
The slag removing mechanism comprises a slag scraping assembly and a slag sucking assembly, the slag scraping assembly comprises two metal plates arranged at the lower end of the discharging barrel, the metal plates are of flexible structures, each metal plate is in an arc plate state and a straight plate state, when the metal plates are in the arc plate state, the two metal plates can be attached to the side wall of the feeding hole, the two metal plates can be mutually close in the process of being switched into the straight plate state by the arc plate, the two discharging baffles can be driven to be close to each other, the two discharging holes are opened, the slag sucking assembly comprises a slag sucking box arranged in the discharging barrel and a negative pressure fan arranged in the slag sucking box, a slag sucking hole and a sealing plate capable of sealing the slag sucking hole are arranged at the lower end of the slag sucking box, and the sealing plate is connected with the electric control structure, and is used for controlling the sealing plate to be opened and closed;
the first driving assembly can drive the sealing plate to move;
the second driving assembly can drive the discharging barrel to move up and down;
and the third driving assembly can drive the metal plate to switch between a straight plate state and an arc plate state.
Preferably, the upper end of furnace body is equipped with operation platform, second drive assembly includes threaded rod and driving motor, the threaded rod rotates to locate on the operation platform, driving motor locates operation platform, and driving motor's output and threaded rod are connected, the fixed plate has set firmly in the outside of blowing section of thick bamboo, threaded hole has been seted up on the fixed plate, the fixed plate passes through threaded hole and threaded rod threaded connection.
Preferably, be equipped with two casings in the blowing section of thick bamboo, two the both sides of inhaling the sediment box are located to the casing symmetry, every the inside cavity that is used for installing third actuating assembly that all is equipped with of casing, third actuating assembly includes two push rods, two first connecting rods, two second connecting rods and drive structure, two spouts have been seted up to the bottom of blowing section of thick bamboo, and two spouts are located respectively in two casings, every the lower extreme of push rod all is connected with the slide bar, the push rod passes through the slide bar with the spout sliding connection that corresponds, two the push rods can be close to each other or keep away from each other, every the both ends of metal sheet all are equipped with the dwang, a plurality of guide slots have been seted up along its circumference to the lower extreme of blowing section of thick bamboo, and the dwang on every metal sheet all is through corresponding guide slot and blowing section of thick bamboo sliding connection, two the one end of first connecting rod respectively with the slide bar on two push rods hinge, two the other end of first connecting rod respectively with the dwang at one of them both ends, two ends of the slide bar hinge, two link sets are used for respectively with two the drive rod two side hinge structures are gone on the two ends of two push rods respectively.
Preferably, each group of driving structure comprises a driving source, a first rotating shaft, a first gear, a second rotating shaft, a second gear, a third rotating shaft and a third gear, wherein the driving source is arranged at the upper end of the shell, the first rotating shaft is rotationally arranged in the shell, the output end of the driving source stretches into the shell and is connected with the upper end of the first rotating shaft, the first gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is movably arranged at the lower end of the discharging cylinder, the second gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the second rotating shaft, the first gear is meshed with the second gear and is connected with the second gear, the second gear can be contacted with the side wall of the push rod, the third rotating shaft is movably arranged at the lower end of the discharging cylinder, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are respectively arranged at two sides of the slide groove, the third gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the third rotating shaft, and the third gear can be contacted with the side wall of the push rod.
Preferably, the pushing blocks are arranged on the discharging baffles, so that the pushing blocks on corresponding sides can be contacted in the process of being close to each other by the two metal plates, the corresponding discharging baffles are driven to synchronously move, a first spring is connected between one end, away from the inner side wall of the discharging barrel, of each discharging baffle and the shell, the other end of each discharging baffle is connected with a rod piece, a sliding block is arranged on each rod piece in a sliding manner, and a damping spring is arranged between each sliding block and each rod piece.
Preferably, the lower extreme slip of casing is equipped with the U template, the lower extreme of U template is equipped with first ratchet, two the relative one side of blowing baffle all is connected with the connecting rod, the upper end of connecting rod is equipped with the second ratchet, first ratchet with the second ratchet is one-way ratchet, just first ratchet with the second ratchet can be meshed, the lower extreme of U template with be connected with the elastic expansion link between the interior bottom wall of blowing section of thick bamboo, the push rod orientation inhale the one end of sediment box and be equipped with the third inclined plane, the lower extreme of push rod can contact with the upper end of U template.
Preferably, the extrusion device further comprises an extrusion assembly, the extrusion assembly comprises a plurality of cams, the cams are respectively connected to the lower ends of the second rotating shaft or the third rotating shaft, the upper ends of the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are respectively provided with a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface along the circumference of the upper ends of the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, one end of the push rod, which is far away from the slag suction box, is provided with a contact rod, two ends of the contact rod can be respectively contacted with the upper ends of the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft and drive the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft to move downwards, a second spring is connected between the second gear and the inner bottom wall of the shell, a third spring is connected between the third gear and the inner bottom wall of the shell, and when the two metal plates are in a straight plate state, the cams are respectively positioned on two sides of the metal plates, so that the middle metal plates can be extruded in the process of the rotation of the cams.
Preferably, the vacuum machine is arranged on the operation platform, and can suck air in the discharging cylinder to enable the discharging cylinder to be in a vacuum state.
Preferably, one end of the furnace body is provided with an observation window, and a cooling channel is arranged at the discharge hole of the furnace body.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a smelting method, using a smelting furnace as described above, comprising the steps of:
1) Opening the cover plate, pouring the materials from the upper end of the discharging barrel, and enabling the materials to fall on the discharging baffle;
2) The first driving component drives the sealing plate to move so that the feeding hole is opened, and then the second driving component drives the discharging barrel to move downwards;
3) When the discharging barrel descends to a certain height, the third driving assembly drives the two metal plates to gradually switch from an arc plate state to a straight plate state, the two metal plates are mutually close, and scum floating on the surface of the molten metal is scraped until the scum is gathered between the two metal plates;
4) In the process that the two metal plates are close to each other, the two discharging baffles can be driven to be close to each other, so that the discharging opening at the lower end of the discharging barrel is opened, and at the moment, the materials falling on the discharging baffles can fall into the furnace body from the discharging opening;
5) The second driving component drives the discharging barrel to move upwards to reset, the first driving component drives the sealing plate to move to seal the feeding hole, the third driving component drives the two metal plates to switch back to an arc plate state, and at the moment, scum clamped between the two metal plates can fall on the sealing plate;
6) The sealing plate is controlled to be opened through the electric control structure, and the negative pressure fan is started, so that the negative pressure fan can suck scum on the sealing plate into the scum sucking box.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. when materials are added into the furnace body, the discharging barrel is driven to move downwards through the second driving assembly, then the two metal plates are driven to gradually switch from the arc plate state to the straight plate state through the third driving assembly, the two metal plates are made to be close to each other, scum is scraped until the scum is clamped between the two metal plates, in the process, the two discharging baffles can be driven to be close to each other, the materials can fall into the furnace body from two sides, so that discharging work and deslagging work can be simultaneously carried out, the deslagging efficiency is high, and the phenomenon of scum sinking can be avoided.
2. The invention is provided with the extrusion assembly, the cam can be driven to rotate by the third driving assembly, and the scum between the two metal plates can be extruded in the rotation process of the cam, so that molten metal contained in the scum is extruded out, and waste is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in a longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the discharge vessel of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the metal plate of the present invention in a straight plate state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the discharge vessel of the present invention in longitudinal section.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of the third drive assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a metal plate, a push rod, a first link and a second link according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the discharge baffle of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the U-shaped board of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a furnace body; 11. a frame body; 12. a feed inlet; 13. sealing plate; 14. an operating platform; 15. a vacuum machine; 16. an observation window; 17. a cooling channel; 2. a discharging cylinder; 201. a cover plate; 202. a discharge port; 203. a chute; 204. a guide groove; 21. a discharging baffle; 211. a pushing block; 212. a first spring; 213. a rod piece; 214. a slide block; 215. a damping spring; 216. a connecting rod; 2161. a second ratchet; 22. a metal plate; 221. a rotating lever; 23. a slag sucking box; 231. a sealing plate; 24. a negative pressure fan; 25. a threaded rod; 26. a driving motor; 27. a fixing plate; 28. a housing; 29. a U-shaped plate; 291. a first ratchet; 292. an elastic telescopic rod; 31. a push rod; 311. a slide bar; 312. a contact lever; 32. a first link; 33. a second link; 41. a driving source; 42. a first rotating shaft; 43. a first gear; 44. a second rotating shaft; 45. a second gear; 46. a third rotating shaft; 47. a third gear; 48. a cam.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the smelting furnace of the invention comprises a furnace body 1, a frame 11, a discharging barrel 2, two discharging baffles 21, a deslagging mechanism, a first driving component, a second driving component and a third driving component, wherein a feeding hole 12 is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body 1, a discharging hole is arranged at one side of the furnace body 1, a sealing plate 13 capable of sealing the feeding hole 12 is arranged at the feeding hole 12, the first driving component can drive the sealing plate 13 to move, in the embodiment, the first driving component is arranged as an electric telescopic rod, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod is connected with the sealing plate 13 and used for driving the sealing plate 13 to move so as to switch the feeding hole 12 between an open state and a closed state.
The blowing section of thick bamboo 2 can pass feed inlet 12 and reciprocate, the upper end of blowing section of thick bamboo 2 articulates there is apron 201, two discharge openings 202 have been seted up to the lower extreme of blowing section of thick bamboo 2, two blowing baffles 21 can seal two discharge openings 202 respectively, the one end of blowing baffle 21 can laminate with the inside wall of blowing section of thick bamboo 2, the second actuating assembly can drive blowing section of thick bamboo 2 and reciprocate, slag removal mechanism includes scrapes sediment subassembly and inhale the sediment subassembly, scrape sediment subassembly including locating two metal sheets 22 of blowing section of thick bamboo 2 lower extreme, metal sheet 22 is flexible construction, metal sheet 22 has arc board state and straight board state, when metal sheet 22 is in the arc board state, metal sheet 22 all can laminate the lateral wall of feed inlet 12, metal sheet 22 is by the in-process of arc board state switching to straight board state, two metal sheets 22 can be close to each other, and can drive two blowing baffles 21 and be close to each other, make two discharge openings 2 reciprocate, inhale sediment subassembly including locating the sediment box 23 in the blowing section of thick bamboo 2 and inhale sediment box 23 and inhale the sediment box 23 and locate in the automatically controlled board state 23 and the automatically controlled board 23 and can drive the fan 231 and seal the arc board state to open at the arc board state, the end 231 is closed with the automatically controlled board state is opened to the automatically controlled board state 231.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, when a material needs to be added into the furnace body 1, the cover plate 201 is opened, the material is poured from the upper end of the discharging barrel 2, the material falls on the discharging baffle 21, the sealing plate 13 is driven to move by the first driving component, the feeding port 12 is opened, then the discharging barrel 2 is driven to move downwards by the second driving component, when the discharging barrel 2 descends to a certain height, the two metal plates 22 are driven by the third driving component to gradually switch into a straight plate state, the two metal plates 22 are made to approach each other, scum floating on the surface of molten metal is scraped until the scum is gathered between the two metal plates 22, in the process, the two discharging baffle 21 can be driven to approach each other, the discharging baffle 21 is separated from the inner side wall of the discharging barrel 2, so that the discharging port 202 is opened, at this time, the material falling onto the discharging baffle 21 falls into the furnace body 1 from the discharging opening 202, after discharging is completed, the discharging barrel 2 is driven to move upwards to reset by the second driving component, then the sealing plate 13 is driven to move by the first driving component, so that the feeding hole 12 is closed, at this time, the two metal plates 22 can be driven by the third driving component to switch to an arc plate state, so that the scum clamped between the two metal plates 22 can fall onto the sealing plate 13, at this time, the sealing plate 231 is controlled to be opened by the electric control structure, the negative pressure fan 24 is started, so that the negative pressure fan 24 can suck the scum on the sealing plate 13 into the scum sucking box 23.
In some embodiments, the upper end of the furnace body 1 is provided with an operation platform 14, the second driving assembly comprises a threaded rod 25 and a driving motor 26, the threaded rod 25 is rotationally arranged on the operation platform 14, the driving motor 26 is arranged on the operation platform 14, the output end of the driving motor 26 is connected with the threaded rod 25, a fixing plate 27 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the discharging barrel 2, a threaded hole is formed in the fixing plate 27, the fixing plate 27 is in threaded connection with the threaded rod 25 through the threaded hole, specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the driving motor 26 is started to drive the threaded rod 25 to rotate, and the fixing plate 27 is driven to move up and down through threaded transmission between the threaded rod 25 and the fixing plate 27, so that the discharging barrel 2 can be driven to move up and down.
In some embodiments, two shells 28 are disposed in the discharging barrel 2, the two shells 28 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the slag sucking box 23, a cavity for mounting a third driving component is disposed in each shell 28, the third driving component comprises two push rods 31, two first connecting rods 32, two second connecting rods 33 and a driving structure, two sliding grooves 203 are disposed at the bottom end of the discharging barrel 2, the two sliding grooves 203 are disposed in the two shells 28 respectively, a sliding rod 311 is connected to the lower end of each push rod 31, the push rods 31 are slidably connected with the corresponding sliding grooves 203 through the sliding rod 311, the two push rods 31 can be close to or far away from each other, two ends of each metal plate 22 are respectively provided with a rotating rod 221, the lower end of the discharging barrel 2 is provided with a plurality of guide grooves 204 along the circumferential direction thereof, the rotating rod 221 on each metal plate 22 is slidably connected with the discharging barrel 2 through the corresponding guide grooves 204, one end of each first connecting rod 32 is respectively hinged with 311 on the two push rods 31, the other end of each first connecting rod 32 is respectively hinged with the sliding rod 311 on two sliding rods 31, the other end of each metal plate 22 is respectively hinged with the two sliding rods 31, two other end groups of the two sliding rods 33 are respectively hinged with the other end of the sliding rods 31, and the other end of each metal plate 22 is respectively hinged with the two sliding rods 33 along two sliding rods 33, and the other end is respectively hinged with the two sliding rods 31.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 7, after the discharging cylinder 2 descends to a certain height, the driving structure drives the push rod 31 to move along the chute 203, so that the two push rods 31 approach each other, and drive the slide rod 311 connected below the push rod 31 to move synchronously, in this process, the first link 32 and the second link 33 are driven to rotate by hinging between the slide rod 311 and the first link 32 and the second link 33, and the other ends of the first link 32 and the second link 33 slide along the corresponding guide grooves 204, respectively, and by rotating the first link 32 and the second link 33, the two rotating rods 221 at the two ends of the metal plate 22 are separated from each other, so that the metal plate 22 can be gradually stretched from an arc plate state to a straight plate state, in this process, the two rotating rods 221 at the same end of the two metal plates 22 can approach each other, and drive the two metal plates 22 to approach each other, so that the floating scum on the surface of the molten metal can be scraped, and gathered between the two metal plates 22.
In some embodiments, each set of driving structure includes a driving source 41, a first rotating shaft 42, a first gear 43, a second rotating shaft 44, a second gear 45, a third rotating shaft 46 and a third gear 47, where the driving source 41 is disposed at an upper end of the housing 28, the first rotating shaft 42 is rotatably disposed in the housing 28, an output end of the driving source 41 stretches into the housing 28 and is connected with an upper end of the first rotating shaft 42, the first gear 43 is fixedly sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 42, the second rotating shaft 44 is movably disposed at a lower end of the discharging cylinder 2, the second gear 45 is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating shaft 44, the first gear 43 is meshed with the second gear 45, the second gear 45 can contact with a side wall of the pushing rod 31, the third rotating shaft 46 is movably disposed at a lower end of the discharging cylinder 2, the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46 are respectively disposed at two sides of the sliding groove 203, the third gear 47 is fixedly sleeved outside the third rotating shaft 46, and the third gear 47 can contact with a side wall of the pushing rod 31.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 7, when the driving source 41 is started to drive the first rotating shaft 42 to rotate, the first gear 43 can be driven to rotate, the second gear 45 can be driven to rotate through the meshing transmission between the first gear 43 and the second gear 45, the second rotating shaft 44 can be driven to rotate, the push rod 31 can be driven to move along the sliding groove 203 through the contact between the second gear 45 and the side wall of the push rod 31, the third gear 47 can be driven to rotate through the contact between the side wall of the push rod 31 and the third gear 47, and the third rotating shaft 46 can be driven to rotate, so that the two push rods 31 can be driven to approach or separate from each other through two groups of driving structures.
In some embodiments, the pushing blocks 211 are disposed on the discharging baffles 21, so that in the process of making the two metal plates 22 approach each other, the two metal plates can contact with the pushing blocks 211 on the corresponding sides and drive the corresponding discharging baffles 21 to move synchronously, a first spring 212 is connected between one end of each discharging baffle 21 far away from the inner side wall of the discharging barrel 2 and the shell 28, the other end of each discharging baffle 21 is connected with a rod 213, a sliding block 214 is slidably disposed on the rod 213, and a damping spring 215 is disposed between the sliding block 214 and the rod 213.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, in the process of gradually switching the metal plates 22 into the straight plate state by the third driving assembly, the metal plates 22 contact the sliding blocks 214, so that the sliding blocks 214 move towards the direction approaching the rod members 213 by compressing the damping springs 215 until the metal plates 22 pass over the sliding blocks 214, at this time, as the two metal plates 22 approach each other, the metal plates 22 can contact the push blocks 211 on the corresponding sides, and drive the corresponding discharging baffles 21 to synchronously move by compressing the first springs 212, so that the two discharging baffles 21 approach each other, thereby opening the two discharging openings 202, at this time, the material falling on the discharging baffles 21 falls into the furnace body 1 from the discharging openings 202, and as the two metal plates 22 continue to approach each other, the metal plate 22 can cross the ejector pad 211 of corresponding side until press from both sides the dross between two metal plates 22, gather the dross to the centre through two metal plates 22, and add the material in furnace body 1 from both sides, can avoid the in-process that the material falls to bring the dross back to the stove bottom, after accomplishing the blowing, drive two metal plates 22 through third drive assembly and switch gradually the arc plate state back, the blanking baffle 21 can reset under the effect of first spring 212 afterwards, and drive rod 213 and slider 214 that connect on the blanking baffle 21 to strike metal plate 22, make the lateral wall of metal plate 22 can laminate with the lateral wall of feed inlet 12 again, so that when clearing up the dross next time, can strike off the dross of marginal department.
In some embodiments, the lower end of the housing 28 is slidably provided with a U-shaped plate 29, the lower end of the U-shaped plate 29 is provided with a first ratchet 291, opposite sides of the two discharging baffles 21 are connected with a connecting rod 216, the upper end of the connecting rod 216 is provided with a second ratchet 2161, the first ratchet 291 and the second ratchet 2161 are unidirectional ratchets, the first ratchet 291 and the second ratchet 2161 can be meshed, an elastic telescopic rod 292 is connected between the lower end of the U-shaped plate 29 and the inner bottom wall of the discharging barrel 2, one end of the push rod 31 facing the slag sucking box 23 is provided with a third inclined plane, and the lower end of the push rod 31 can be contacted with the upper end of the U-shaped plate 29.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 to 9, in the process that the push rod 31 gradually approaches the slag box 23, the push rod 31 can be in contact with the U-shaped plate 29, and under the action of the third inclined surface on the push rod 31, the U-shaped plate 29 is driven to move downwards, so that the lower end of the push rod 31 is in contact with the upper end of the U-shaped plate 29, the U-shaped plate 29 moves downwards, and simultaneously, the first ratchet 291 can be driven to move synchronously, so that the first ratchet 291 is meshed with the second ratchet 2161, so that the two discharging baffles 21 can only approach each other, and after the metal plate 22 passes over the push block 211, the two discharging baffles 21 cannot be reset under the action of the first spring 212, and in the process that the push rod 31 gradually moves away from the slag box 23, the metal plate 22 is gradually switched into an arc plate state, and the discharging baffles 21 are kept motionless until the push rod 31 is separated from the contact with the U-shaped plate 29, and at this time, the U-shaped plate 29 can move upwards under the action of the elastic telescopic rod 292, so that the first ratchet 291 is separated from the second ratchet 2161, and the discharging baffles 21 can only be reset under the action of the first spring 212, and the reset rod 212 can impact the metal plate 212.
In some embodiments, the present invention further includes an extrusion assembly, the extrusion assembly includes a plurality of cams 48, the plurality of cams 48 are respectively connected to the lower end of the second rotating shaft 44 or the third rotating shaft 46, the upper ends of the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46 are respectively provided with a first inclined plane and a second inclined plane along the circumferential direction thereof, one end of the push rod 31 away from the slag suction box 23 is provided with a contact rod 312, two ends of the contact rod 312 can respectively contact with the upper ends of the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46 and drive the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46 to move downwards, a second spring is connected between the second gear 45 and the inner bottom wall of the housing 28, a third spring is connected between the third gear 47 and the inner bottom wall of the housing 28, and when both the two metal plates 22 are in a straight plate state, the plurality of cams 48 are respectively located at two sides of the metal plates 22, so that the two metal plates 22 can be extruded in the middle in the process of rotating the cams 48.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, in the process of approaching the two metal plates 22, the cam 48 does not block the metal plates 22, so that the metal plates 22 can move towards the middle beyond the cam 48 on the corresponding side, at this time, along with the continuous movement of the push rod 31, the contact rod 312 can be contacted with the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46, and under the action of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane, the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46 are respectively driven to move downwards, so as to drive the cam 48 arranged at the lower ends of the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46 to move downwards, at this time, along with the rotation of the cam 48, the cam 48 can squeeze the dross clamped between the two metal plates 22, the molten metal contained in the dross is squeezed out, waste is avoided, at the process of gradually keeping away from the slag suction box 23 by the push rod 31, at this time, the second rotating shaft 44 and the third rotating shaft 46 can be respectively reset under the action of the second spring and the third spring, and the cam 48 is driven to move upwards, so that the metal plates 22 can not be gradually switched over the metal plates 48.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention further comprises a vacuum machine 15, wherein the vacuum machine 15 is arranged on the operation platform 14, and can suck air in the discharge cylinder 2 to enable the air to be in a vacuum state, specifically, after the material is poured into the discharge cylinder 2, the cover plate 201 is closed, the air in the discharge cylinder 2 is sucked by the vacuum machine 15, so that the discharge cylinder 2 is in a vacuum state, and the air in the discharge cylinder 2 can be effectively removed, so that the influence of the air and impurities in the furnace body 1 on smelting is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, an observation window 16 is arranged at one end of the furnace body 1, a cooling channel 17 is arranged at a discharge hole of the furnace body 1, and the final smelting metal product can be discharged from the discharge hole and enter the cooling channel 17 to be cooled after being prepared into required parts or products.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the invention further provides a smelting method using the smelting furnace, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Opening the cover plate 201, pouring the material from the upper end of the discharging barrel 2, and falling the material on the discharging baffle 21;
2) The first driving component drives the sealing plate 13 to move so that the feed inlet 12 is opened, and then the second driving component drives the discharging barrel 2 to move downwards;
3) When the discharging barrel 2 descends to a certain height, the third driving assembly drives the two metal plates 22 to gradually switch from the arc plate state to the straight plate state, the two metal plates 22 are mutually close, and scum floating on the surface of the molten metal is scraped until the scum is gathered between the two metal plates 22;
4) In the process that the two metal plates 22 are close to each other, the two discharging baffles 21 can be driven to be close to each other, so that the discharging baffles 21 are separated from the inner side wall of the discharging barrel 2, the discharging opening 202 at the lower end of the discharging barrel 2 is opened, and at the moment, the material at the upper end of the discharging baffles 21 can fall into the furnace body 1 from the discharging opening 202;
5) The discharging cylinder 2 is driven to move upwards to reset through the second driving component, the sealing plate 13 is driven to move through the first driving component, the feeding hole 12 is closed, the two metal plates 22 are driven to switch to an arc returning state through the third driving component, and at the moment, scum clamped between the two metal plates 22 can fall on the sealing plate 13;
6) The sealing plate 231 is controlled to be opened through the electric control structure, and the negative pressure fan 24 is started, so that the negative pressure fan 24 can suck scum on the sealing plate 13 into the scum sucking box 23.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a smelting furnace, includes furnace body (1) and support body (11), the upper end of furnace body (1) is equipped with feed inlet (12), one side of furnace body (1) is equipped with the discharge gate, feed inlet (12) department is equipped with can carry out confined sealing plate (13) to feed inlet (12), its characterized in that still includes:
the feeding device comprises a feeding barrel (2), wherein the feeding barrel (2) can move up and down through a feeding hole (12), a cover plate (201) is hinged to the upper end of the feeding barrel (2), and two discharging holes (202) are formed in the lower end of the feeding barrel (2);
The two discharging baffles (21), the two discharging baffles (21) can respectively seal the two discharging openings (202), and one end of each discharging baffle (21) can be attached to the inner side wall of the discharging barrel (2);
The slag removing mechanism comprises a slag scraping assembly and a slag sucking assembly, the slag scraping assembly comprises two metal plates (22) arranged at the lower end of a discharging barrel (2), the metal plates (22) are of flexible structures, each metal plate (22) is in an arc plate state and a straight plate state, when the metal plates (22) are in the arc plate state, the two metal plates (22) can be attached to the side wall of a feeding hole (12), the two metal plates (22) can be mutually close in the process of switching the metal plates (22) from the arc plate state to the straight plate state, the two metal plates (22) can drive the two discharging baffles (21) to be close to each other, so that the two discharging holes (202) are opened, the slag sucking assembly comprises a slag sucking box (23) arranged in the discharging barrel (2) and a negative pressure fan (24) arranged in the slag sucking box (23), the lower end of the slag sucking box (23) is provided with a slag sucking port and a sealing plate (231) capable of sealing the slag sucking port, and the sealing plate (231) is connected with the structure to be used for controlling the opening and closing the sealing plate (231) electrically;
The first driving assembly can drive the sealing plate (13) to move;
the second driving assembly can drive the discharging cylinder (2) to move up and down;
and a third driving assembly capable of driving the metal plate (22) to switch between a straight plate state and an arc plate state.
2. The smelting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the furnace body (1) is provided with an operation platform (14), the second driving assembly comprises a threaded rod (25) and a driving motor (26), the threaded rod (25) is rotationally arranged on the operation platform (14), the driving motor (26) is arranged on the operation platform (14), the output end of the driving motor (26) is connected with the threaded rod (25), a fixing plate (27) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the discharging barrel (2), a threaded hole is formed in the fixing plate (27), and the fixing plate (27) is in threaded connection with the threaded rod (25) through the threaded hole.
3. Smelting furnace according to claim 1, wherein two shells (28) are arranged in the discharging barrel (2), the two shells (28) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the slag sucking box (23), a cavity for installing a third driving assembly is arranged in each shell (28), and the third driving assembly comprises:
The two pushing rods (31) are arranged at the bottom ends of the discharging barrels (2), two sliding grooves (203) are respectively arranged in the two shells (28), the lower end of each pushing rod (31) is connected with a sliding rod (311), the pushing rods (31) are in sliding connection with the corresponding sliding grooves (203) through the sliding rods (311), and the two pushing rods (31) can be mutually close to or mutually far away from each other;
The two first connecting rods (32), one end of each first connecting rod (32) is hinged with the sliding rod (311) on each push rod (31), two ends of each metal plate (22) are respectively provided with a rotating rod (221), the lower end of each discharging barrel (2) is provided with a plurality of guide grooves (204) along the circumferential direction of the lower end, the rotating rods (221) on each metal plate (22) are respectively connected with the discharging barrel (2) in a sliding manner through the corresponding guide grooves (204), and the other ends of the two first connecting rods (32) are respectively hinged with the rotating rods (221) at two ends of one metal plate (22);
One end of each second connecting rod (33) is hinged with the sliding rod (311) on each push rod (31), and the other end of each second connecting rod (33) is hinged with the rotating rod (221) at two ends of the other metal plate (22);
And the driving structures are arranged in two groups and are respectively used for driving the two push rods (31) to move along the sliding grooves (203) on the corresponding sides.
4. A smelting furnace according to claim 3, wherein each set of said drive arrangements comprises:
a drive source (41), wherein the drive source (41) is arranged at the upper end of the shell (28);
the first rotating shaft (42) is rotatably arranged in the shell (28), and the output end of the driving source (41) extends into the shell (28) and is connected with the upper end of the first rotating shaft (42);
The first gear (43) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first rotating shaft (42);
the second rotating shaft (44) is movably arranged at the lower end of the discharging barrel (2);
the gear II (45) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft II (44), the gear I (43) is in meshed connection with the gear II (45), and the gear II (45) can be in contact with the side wall of the push rod (31);
The rotating shaft III (46) is movably arranged at the lower end of the discharging cylinder (2), and the rotating shaft II (44) and the rotating shaft III (46) are respectively positioned at two sides of the chute (203);
and the gear III (47) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft III (46), and the gear III (47) can be contacted with the side wall of the push rod (31).
5. The smelting furnace according to claim 4, wherein the pushing blocks (211) are arranged on the discharging baffles (21) so that the two metal plates (22) can be contacted with the pushing blocks (211) on the corresponding sides in the process of approaching each other and drive the corresponding discharging baffles (21) to synchronously move, a first spring (212) is connected between one end, away from the inner side wall of the discharging barrel (2), of each discharging baffle (21) and the shell (28), a rod (213) is connected with the other end of each discharging baffle (21), a sliding block (214) is arranged on each rod (213) in a sliding manner, and a damping spring (215) is arranged between each sliding block (214) and each rod (213).
6. The smelting furnace according to claim 5, wherein a U-shaped plate (29) is slidably arranged at the lower end of the housing (28), a first ratchet (291) is arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped plate (29), two opposite sides of the discharging baffles (21) are connected with connecting rods (216), second ratchet (2161) are arranged at the upper ends of the connecting rods (216), the first ratchet (291) and the second ratchet (2161) are unidirectional ratchet, the first ratchet (291) and the second ratchet (2161) can be meshed, an elastic telescopic rod (292) is connected between the lower end of the U-shaped plate (29) and the inner bottom wall of the discharging barrel (2), a third inclined surface is arranged at one end of each push rod (31) facing the slag suction box (23), and the lower end of each push rod (31) can be in contact with the upper end of the U-shaped plate (29).
7. The smelting furnace according to claim 4, further comprising an extrusion assembly, wherein the extrusion assembly comprises a plurality of cams (48), the cams (48) are respectively connected to the lower ends of the second rotating shaft (44) or the third rotating shaft (46), the upper ends of the second rotating shaft (44) and the third rotating shaft (46) are respectively provided with a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface along the circumferential direction, one end of the push rod (31) far away from the slag suction box (23) is provided with a contact rod (312), two ends of the contact rod (312) can be respectively contacted with the upper ends of the second rotating shaft (44) and the third rotating shaft (46) and drive the second rotating shaft (44) and the third rotating shaft (46) to move downwards, a second spring is connected between the second gear (45) and the inner bottom wall of the shell (28), and a third spring is connected between the third gear (47) and the inner bottom wall of the shell (28), and the cams (48) are respectively positioned on two sides of the metal plate (22) when both the metal plate (22) are in a straight plate state, so that the metal plate (22) can be extruded in the middle of the cam (48).
8. Smelting furnace according to claim 2, further comprising a vacuum machine (15), said vacuum machine (15) being provided on the operating platform (14) and being capable of sucking air inside the tapping cylinder (2) to bring it into a vacuum state.
9. Smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the furnace body (1) is provided with an observation window (16), and the discharge opening of the furnace body (1) is provided with a cooling channel (17).
10. A smelting process, characterized by using a smelting furnace according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
1) Opening the cover plate (201), pouring the material from the upper end of the discharging barrel (2), and falling the material on the discharging baffle plate (21);
2) The first driving component drives the sealing plate (13) to move so that the feeding hole (12) is opened, and then the second driving component drives the discharging barrel (2) to move downwards;
3) When the discharging barrel (2) descends to a certain height, the third driving assembly drives the two metal plates (22) to gradually switch from an arc plate state to a straight plate state, the two metal plates (22) are mutually close to each other, and scum floating on the surface of the molten metal is scraped until the scum is gathered between the two metal plates (22);
4) In the process that the two metal plates (22) are close to each other, the two discharging baffles (21) can be driven to be close to each other, so that a discharging opening (202) at the lower end of the discharging cylinder (2) is opened, and at the moment, materials falling on the discharging baffles (21) can fall into the furnace body (1) from the discharging opening (202);
5) The discharging cylinder (2) is driven to move upwards to reset through the second driving assembly, the sealing plate (13) is driven to move through the first driving assembly, the feeding hole (12) is sealed, the two metal plates (22) are driven to switch to an arc returning plate state through the third driving assembly, and at the moment, scum clamped between the two metal plates (22) can fall on the sealing plate (13);
6) The sealing plate (231) is controlled to be opened through the electric control structure, and the negative pressure fan (24) is started, so that the negative pressure fan (24) can suck scum on the sealing plate (13) into the scum sucking box (23).
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| CN116518718A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-01 | 江西远桥金属有限公司 | Material adding device for smelting waste copper |
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