CN118046186A - Large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method - Google Patents
Large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118046186A CN118046186A CN202410364443.2A CN202410364443A CN118046186A CN 118046186 A CN118046186 A CN 118046186A CN 202410364443 A CN202410364443 A CN 202410364443A CN 118046186 A CN118046186 A CN 118046186A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method, which comprises the following steps: preparing a titanium alloy small-sized blank, fully assembling, preparing a constructed and formed 3-ton TC4 titanium alloy cast ingot, repeatedly upsetting and forging the cast ingot with large deformation at multiple fires to obtain a forging stock, upsetting a cylindrical blank, punching and reaming, and rolling the blank into a rectangular ring blank by adopting a ring rolling machine; and (3) after pre-rolling and finish rolling, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the special-shaped ring to obtain a T-shaped rib ring semi-finished product, and then carrying out machining on the T-shaped rib ring semi-finished product to obtain a T-shaped rib ring finished product. The integrated T-shaped rib manufactured by the invention can greatly reduce the number of welding seams, improve the overall service performance of the component, has excellent dimensional accuracy, is convenient for sleeving welding, has controllable welding deformation, can greatly improve the roundness of a finished product of the cylinder, improves the performance uniformity and service safety of the component, provides a new technical approach for realizing equipment weight reduction, and is economical and practical.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material forming, and particularly relates to a large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method.
Background
The ribs are annular and transversely arranged inside the pressure-resistant boat body, are support structures of the transverse bulkhead shell plate and serve as separation cabins. In order to lighten the submarine structure and ensure enough strength, the rib plates are made of titanium alloy, the rib plates belong to large ring forgings, the maximum outer diameter of the rib plates is larger than or equal to phi 3900mm, the wall thickness of the rib plates is smaller than or equal to 60mm, the total height of the rib plates is larger than or equal to 150mm, and raw materials are large-size titanium alloy cast ingots prepared by constructing small-sized high-quality blanks.
In order to ensure enough rigidity, the cross section of the rib is T-shaped (the height of the boss is more than 100 mm), the diameter size is large, the wall thickness is thicker, the height is shorter, the warping is very easy to generate in the forming process, the size is out of tolerance, and a forming method for manufacturing a large-size T-shaped cross section ring forging by utilizing a cast ingot formed by construction is not available in the prior art.
Based on the method, a large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method based on TC4 titanium alloy construction forming is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method aiming at the defects of the prior art so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a titanium alloy small-sized blank by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, and milling and grinding the surface of the blank;
S2, fully assembling at least two titanium alloy small blanks, and vacuum sealing and welding interfaces of all the construction layers by using a vacuum electron beam welding machine;
S3, performing multidirectional thermoplastic deformation on the construction blank of the box seal at high temperature until the construction blank reaches the shape of the required size, so that the construction interface is completely healed, and preparing the constructed and molded 3-ton TC4 titanium alloy cast ingot;
S4, repeatedly upsetting and pulling the cast ingot with large deformation at multiple times to form a forging stock, and subsequently performing profiling rolling of the integrated T-shaped rib by using the forging stock to form a special ring;
S5, upsetting the forging stock, wherein the heating temperature is 30-50 ℃ below the phase transition point, upsetting is carried out for a plurality of times after the heat preservation time is proper, and the forging stock is returned to the furnace for heating after each upsetting and then is subjected to the next upsetting;
s6, punching the blank by adopting a solid punch, wherein the punching temperature is 30-60 ℃ below the phase transition point;
s7, reaming the horse frame, namely reaming the horse frame twice, and flattening end surfaces after reaming;
S8, pre-rolling the rectangular ring blank, and rolling the blank into a rectangular ring blank by adopting a ring rolling machine;
s9, starting blank making, namely selecting a blank making upper die and a blank making lower die to make a rectangular ring blank into a blank, starting pre-rolling, wherein the heating temperature is 30-60 ℃ below a phase transition point, ensuring that the structure is a two-phase region processing structure during rolling after each fire, and selecting a main roller pre-rolling tool and a straight core roller to roll the blank for three times during blank making pre-rolling;
S10, starting finish rolling, namely selecting a main roller finish rolling tool and a core roller profiling tool to carry out ring rolling on the forge piece during finish rolling of the forge piece after finish rolling, carrying out air cooling to below 600 ℃ after finish rolling for the last time, and carrying out a next step after finish rolling, wherein the height of the forge piece is leveled after finish rolling;
S11, carrying out heat preservation on the special-shaped ring at 800-900 ℃ for 180-240min, and air cooling to obtain a semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring;
S12, machining the semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring, and dividing the semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring into two parts in the height direction to obtain the finished product of the T-shaped rib ring.
As a further illustration of the present invention, in S4, the forging stock has a gauge of Φ700 x 1490mm, a weight of at least 2550Kg, and is subjected to a 100% grinding and flaw-cleaning treatment.
As a further explanation of the present invention, in S5, the heat preservation time is specifically that the effective wall thickness of the blank is (1.0-1.2) min, and the furnace return heating coefficient is 0.5min/mm.
As a further explanation of the present invention, in S5, upsetting is performed three times, and the deformation amount per upsetting is controlled to 20% -50%.
As a further explanation of the present invention, in S7, the two reaming deformations are controlled to 20% -30% and the reaming temperature is 30-60 ℃ below the phase transition point.
As a further explanation of the present invention, in S8, the rolling temperature is 30-60 ℃ below the transformation point, and the rolling deformation is controlled to 15% -25%.
As a further explanation of the invention, in S9, the deformation of each fire is controlled to be 20% -25%, and the next rolling is carried out after each rolling and air cooling to below 600 ℃, and meanwhile, the height of the forging piece needs to be flattened after each fire is pre-rolled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
The invention realizes the breakthrough of independently developed metal construction forming technology applied to the field of titanium alloy large forging manufacturing by completing construction forming and ring rolling engineering manufacturing of the TC4 titanium alloy T-shaped rib forging with the diameter of 4m, and the integrated T-shaped rib manufactured by the method can greatly reduce the number of welding seams, improve the overall service performance of the component, has the finish machining state, has excellent dimensional precision, is convenient for sleeving welding, has controllable welding deformation, can greatly improve the roundness of a barrel finished product, improves the performance uniformity and service safety of the component, provides a new technical approach for realizing equipment weight reduction, and is economical and practical.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the T-ring rolling of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a profiled dimensional map in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of T-ring pre-roll dimensions in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of T-ring finish rolling dimensions in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a dimensional view of a T-ring finished product in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a T-ring microstructure view in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: a large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a 1.5 ton titanium alloy small-sized blank by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, and milling and grinding the surface of the blank;
s2, after the two titanium alloy small-sized blanks are fully assembled, vacuum sealing welding is carried out on the interfaces of all the construction layers by using a vacuum electron beam welding machine;
S3, performing multidirectional thermoplastic deformation on the construction blank of the box seal at high temperature until the required size and shape are achieved, so that the construction interface is completely healed, and a constructed and molded 3-ton TC4 titanium alloy cast ingot is prepared;
S4, repeatedly upsetting and pulling the cast ingot with large deformation of 6 times, wherein the deformation of each time is 60 percent,
Manufacturing a forging stock with the specification of phi 700 x 1490mm and the single weight of about 2550Kg, polishing and cleaning the forging stock by 100%, and subsequently using the forging stock to perform profiling rolling of the integrated T-shaped rib to form a special ring;
s5, upsetting the forging stock for three times, returning to the furnace for heating and preserving heat after upsetting each time, upsetting the forging stock for the next time,
Firstly, the first heating temperature is 30 ℃ below the phase transition point, the heat preservation time t 1=1.0×δ1 is equal to delta 1 =700 mm, the heat preservation time t 1 is 700min,
The first upsetting is carried out until the height is 800mm, and the upsetting deformation is 46.3%; the heat preservation time t 2=0.5×δ2 of the furnace return, wherein delta 2 =800 mm, and the heat preservation time t 2 is 400min;
The second upsetting is carried out until the height is 500mm, and the upsetting deformation is 37.5%; the heat preservation time t 3=0.5×δ3 of the furnace return, wherein delta 3 =500 mm, and the heat preservation time t 3 is 250min;
The third upsetting is carried out until the height is 370mm, and the upsetting deformation is 26%;
S6, punching the blank by adopting a solid punch with phi of 350mm, wherein the heating temperature is 40 ℃ below the phase transition point, and the heat preservation time t 4=1.1×δ4 is set, wherein delta 4 =370 mm, and the heat preservation time t 4 is 407min; the punched size was Φ1433×Φ350×370mm.
S7, reaming the blank twice by adopting a horse frame reaming, wherein the heating temperature is 40 ℃ below the phase transition point, the heat preservation time t 5=1.1×δ5 is delta 5 =370 mm, the heat preservation time t 5 is 407min, and the size is the size after the first reaming
Phi 1554, phi 640, 355mm, 20% deformation, and size after secondary reaming
Phi 1724 phi 1000 phi 360mm, deformation 20.8%, flat end face to phi 1750 phi 990 mm 340.
S8, rolling the blank into a rectangular ring blank by adopting a ring rolling machine,
The heating temperature is 50 ℃ below the phase transition point, the heat preservation time t 6=1.2×δ6 is equal to delta 6 =380 mm, the heat preservation time t 6 is 456min, the rolled size is phi 1936-phi 1315-350 mm, and the rolling deformation is 18.4%.
And S9, pressing the rectangular ring blank into a blank by using an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate, wherein the heating temperature is 50 ℃ below the phase transition point, the heat preservation time t 7=1.2×δ7 is delta 7 =310 mm, the heat preservation time t 7 is 372min, and the size after pressing is shown in figure 2.
Pre-rolling the blank by adopting a ring rolling machine, wherein the heating temperature is 50 ℃ below the phase transition point, the heat preservation time t 8=1.2×δ8 is equal to delta 8 =335 mm, the heat preservation time t 8 is 402min,
The rolled dimension is shown in fig. 3, the rolling deformation is 31.3%, and the rolled dimension is cooled to room temperature.
S10, finishing rolling the pre-rolled piece by adopting a ring rolling machine, wherein the heating temperature is 50 ℃ below the phase transition point, the heat preservation time t 9=1.2×δ9 is up to delta 9 =230 mm, the heat preservation time t 9 is 276min,
The rolled dimension is shown in fig. 4, the rolling deformation is 25.2%, and the rolled dimension is cooled to room temperature.
S11, preserving heat of the special-shaped ring in the previous step for 240min at the temperature of 850 ℃, and air-cooling to obtain a semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring.
S12, after machining the semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring, dividing the semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring into two parts in the height direction, and obtaining the finished product of the T-shaped rib ring, as shown in fig. 5.
The high-power structure of the TC4 titanium alloy special-shaped ring piece obtained by the processing is shown in figure 6,
The obtained special-shaped ring piece is found to be uniform and fine equiaxed structure through microscopic structure, and has no complete original beta grain boundary.
The mechanical properties of the TC4 titanium alloy special-shaped ring piece obtained by the processing are shown in table 1,
Table 1 room temperature tensile properties of TC4 titanium alloy profiled rings processed in example 1
As shown in Table 1, the obtained special-shaped ring piece has tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, area shrinkage and impact value which all meet the national standard, and the consistency of mechanical properties obtained at different sampling positions is higher, which indicates that the microstructure obtained by the process can be uniformly distributed on the whole part.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing a titanium alloy small-sized blank by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, and milling and grinding the surface of the blank;
S2, fully assembling at least two titanium alloy small blanks, and vacuum sealing and welding interfaces of all the construction layers by using a vacuum electron beam welding machine;
S3, performing multidirectional thermoplastic deformation on the construction blank of the box seal at high temperature until the construction blank reaches the shape of the required size, so that the construction interface is completely healed, and preparing the constructed and molded 3-ton TC4 titanium alloy cast ingot;
s4, repeatedly upsetting and pulling the cast ingot with large deformation of multiple fires, wherein the deformation of each fire is 60% -80%, upsetting and pulling passes are 5-12 times, then forging blanks are manufactured, and then the forging blanks are used for copying and rolling the integrated T-shaped ribs into special rings;
S5, upsetting the forging stock in the step S4, wherein the heating temperature is 30-50 ℃ below the phase transition point, upsetting is carried out for a plurality of times after the heat preservation time is proper, furnace returning heating is carried out after each upsetting, and then the next upsetting is carried out;
s6, punching the blank by adopting a solid punch, wherein the punching temperature is 30-60 ℃ below the phase transition point;
s7, reaming the horse frame, namely reaming the horse frame twice, and flattening end surfaces after reaming;
S8, pre-rolling the rectangular ring blank, and rolling the blank into a rectangular ring blank by adopting a ring rolling machine;
s9, starting blank making, namely selecting a blank making upper die and a blank making lower die to make a rectangular ring blank into a blank, starting pre-rolling, wherein the heating temperature is 30-60 ℃ below a phase transition point, ensuring that the structure is a two-phase region processing structure during rolling after each fire, and selecting a main roller pre-rolling tool and a straight core roller to roll the blank for three times during blank making pre-rolling;
S10, starting finish rolling, namely selecting a main roller finish rolling tool and a core roller profiling tool to carry out ring rolling on the forge piece during finish rolling of the forge piece after finish rolling, carrying out air cooling to below 600 ℃ after finish rolling for the last time, and carrying out a next step after finish rolling, wherein the height of the forge piece is leveled after finish rolling;
S11, carrying out heat preservation on the special-shaped ring at 800-900 ℃ for 180-240min, and air cooling to obtain a semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring;
S12, machining the semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring, and dividing the semi-finished product of the T-shaped rib ring into two parts in the height direction to obtain the finished product of the T-shaped rib ring.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the forging stock has a specification of phi 700 x 1490mm, a single weight of at least 2550Kg, and is subjected to 100% grinding and flaw removal treatment.
3. The method for forming the large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the heat preservation time is specifically that the effective wall thickness of the blank is (1.0-1.2) min, and the furnace return heating coefficient is 0.5min/mm.
4. The method for forming a large-size T-rib shaped ring forging and rolling according to claim 1, wherein in S5, upsetting is performed three times, and the deformation amount of each upsetting is controlled to be 20% -50%.
5. The method for forming the large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling according to claim 1, wherein in the step S7, the reaming deformation amount is controlled to be 20% -30% twice, and the reaming temperature is 30-60 ℃ below the phase transition point.
6. The method for forming the large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling according to claim 1, wherein in the step S8, the rolling temperature is 30-60 ℃ below the phase transition point, and the rolling deformation is controlled to be 15% -25%.
7. The method for forming the large-size T-rib special-shaped ring forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step S9, the deformation of each fire is controlled to be 20% -25%, the next rolling is carried out after each rolling and air cooling is carried out to below 600 ℃, and meanwhile, the height of the forging needs to be flattened after each fire is pre-rolled.
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| CN202410364443.2A CN118046186A (en) | 2024-03-28 | 2024-03-28 | Large-size T-shaped rib special-shaped ring forging and rolling forming method |
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