CN113953429A - Preparation method of oversized titanium alloy ring piece - Google Patents
Preparation method of oversized titanium alloy ring piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN113953429A CN113953429A CN202111231463.5A CN202111231463A CN113953429A CN 113953429 A CN113953429 A CN 113953429A CN 202111231463 A CN202111231463 A CN 202111231463A CN 113953429 A CN113953429 A CN 113953429A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910001040 Beta-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 20
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101000686227 Homo sapiens Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100025003 Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an oversized titanium alloy ring piece, which comprises the following steps: (1) sequentially carrying out axial lamination, spot welding, vacuum seal welding and hot isostatic pressing on the plurality of titanium alloy blank units to obtain a titanium alloy blank with an ultra-large specification; (2) heating the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification, and forging the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification on a large free forging machine after the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification is heated and discharged out of the furnace to obtain a cake blank with the required specification; (3) heating the cake blank, punching, and then reaming on a saddle to obtain a ring blank with a required specification; (4) heating the ring blank, and performing hot rolling forming on the ring blank by using a ring rolling machine to obtain a ring blank; (5) carrying out heat treatment on the ring blank; (6) and machining the ring blank subjected to the heat treatment to finally obtain a finished ring. The method realizes the preparation of the titanium alloy ring piece with the ultra-large specification, and can meet the development requirements of heavy equipment such as deep sea space stations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a preparation method of an oversized titanium alloy ring piece.
Background
The cylindrical member is a key basic component of a heavy equipment in countries such as deep sea space stations, and the required specification of the cylindrical member is larger and larger along with the development requirement of large equipment size. The traditional preparation method is to use an ultra-large plate for coil welding, but because the plate has large specification and thick thickness, the requirement on equipment for coil forming is high and the difficulty is high; in addition, the finally formed cylinder has a longitudinal weld.
Along with the increase of the weight of the ring piece, the rolling difficulty of the ring piece is increased, and higher requirements are provided for the manufacturing difficulty of a ring blank and the quality and specification of raw materials. Although there is a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace capable of producing a single 12t titanium alloy ingot, the larger the ingot type is, the more the composition segregation is, for example, a titanium alloy containing more Fe and Cr or a titanium alloy containing W, Mo, Nb and the like with a large density, and the weight of a single ingot is far less than 10 t. In addition, the height-diameter ratio of a single heavy cast ingot generally exceeds 3, and the height-diameter ratio generally cannot exceed 2.6 during upsetting of the titanium alloy, so that the large-size blank required for preparing the large-size ring material with the size of more than 8t is greatly limited. Therefore, the development of the technology for blank making and rolling large-size ring pieces is urgently needed to meet the development requirements of heavy equipment such as deep-sea space stations and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an oversized titanium alloy ring piece, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing the preparation of the oversized titanium alloy ring piece so as to meet the development requirements of heavy equipment such as deep sea space stations.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a preparation method of an oversized titanium alloy ring piece, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out axial lamination, spot welding, vacuum seal welding and hot isostatic pressing on the plurality of titanium alloy blank units to obtain a titanium alloy blank with an ultra-large specification;
(2) heating the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification, and forging the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification on a large free forging machine after the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification is heated and discharged out of the furnace to obtain a cake blank with a required specification;
(3) heating the cake blank, punching, and then reaming on a saddle to obtain a ring blank with a required specification;
(4) heating the ring blank, and then carrying out hot rolling forming on the ring blank by using a ring rolling machine to obtain a ring blank;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the ring blank;
(6) and machining the ring blank subjected to the heat treatment to finally obtain a finished ring.
Preferably, the titanium alloy is a near-alpha titanium alloy, an alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy, a near-beta titanium alloy, a metastable beta titanium alloy or a beta titanium alloy.
Preferably, the titanium alloy blank unit is obtained by forging for 1-3 times, the last 1 time is upsetting, the other times are upsetting, the forging heating temperature is 1050-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time t is 0.8-0.8D +240min, wherein D is the smaller numerical value of the diameter and the wall thickness of the blank, and the unit is mm; during upsetting and drawing, 2 upsetting and drawing are carried out for 1 heating time, and the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.8; returning for multiple times during upsetting and drawing, wherein the returning temperature is the same as the heating temperature, and the returning heat preservation time is 60-120 min; upsetting is completed for multiple times, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.8 each time, and shaping is needed when 1 upsetting is completed.
Preferably, the diameters of the plurality of titanium alloy billet units are all equal, and the ratio of the total height of the plurality of titanium alloy billet units after axial lamination to the diameter of the titanium alloy billet unit is less than or equal to 2.6.
Preferably, the cake blank in the step (2) is forged by 1-2 times, the last 1 time is upsetting, and the other times are upsetting; during upsetting and drawing, 2 upsetting and drawing are completed for 1 heating time, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.7, multiple times of furnace returning are carried out during upsetting and drawing, the furnace returning temperature is the same as the heating temperature, and the furnace returning heat preservation time is 120-180 min; upsetting is completed for multiple times, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.7 each time, and shaping is needed to be performed when each 1 upsetting is completed, so that a cake blank with the required diameter is obtained.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4) is determined according to the type and the processing characteristics of the alloy and the structure and the performance of the final finished product pipe, and for the near alpha and alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy with poor hot workability or the finished product requiring lamellar structure, the heating temperature is (T)β+50) to 1100 deg.C, where T isβRepresents the lowest temperature at which the titanium alloy is completely transformed into beta structure during the heating process; for the near alpha and alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy with good hot workability or the finished product requiring equiaxial or two-state structure, the heating temperature is Tβ- (30 to 50) DEG C; the heating temperature of the near-beta titanium alloy, the metastable-beta titanium alloy and the beta titanium alloy is 900-1100 ℃; the heat preservation time is t-0.8D +300min, wherein D is the smaller numerical value of the diameter and the wall thickness of the blank and the unit is mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the preparation method of the titanium alloy ring piece with the oversized specification realizes the preparation of the titanium alloy ring piece with the oversized specification and can meet the development requirements of heavy equipment such as deep sea space stations.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the ultra-large-size titanium alloy ring piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an oversized titanium alloy ring piece, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing the preparation of the oversized titanium alloy ring piece so as to meet the development requirements of heavy equipment such as deep sea space stations.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1: the embodiment provides a preparation method of an oversized titanium alloy ring piece, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out axial lamination, spot welding, vacuum seal welding and hot isostatic pressing on the plurality of titanium alloy blank units to obtain a titanium alloy blank with an ultra-large specification;
(2) heating the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification, and forging the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification on a large free forging machine after the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification is heated and discharged out of the furnace to obtain a cake blank with the required specification;
(3) heating the cake blank, punching, and then reaming on a saddle to obtain a ring blank with a required specification;
(4) heating the ring blank, and performing hot rolling forming on the ring blank by using a ring rolling machine to obtain a ring blank;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the ring blank;
(6) and machining the ring blank subjected to the heat treatment to finally obtain a finished ring.
The titanium alloy is near alpha titanium alloy, alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy, near beta titanium alloy, metastable beta titanium alloy or beta titanium alloy. The near alpha titanium alloy comprises: TA15, TA19, TA22, TA23, TA24, TA31, Ti5111, Ti-6Al-2Nb-1Ta-0.8 Mo; the alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy includes: TC4ELI, TC6, TC18, TC21, Ti52(Ti-5Al-2V-1Zr-1.5Mo-1.5Cr), TC19 and Ti 62222; beta type titanium alloy: ti 5553; near-beta titanium alloy: TB2, TB3, TB6, TB 9; novel metastable beta titanium alloy: ti 6554.
The titanium alloy blank unit is obtained by forging for 1-3 times, the last 1 time is upsetting, the other times are upsetting, the forging heating temperature is 1050-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time t is 0.8-0.8D +240min, wherein D is the smaller numerical value of the diameter and the wall thickness of the blank, and the unit is mm; during upsetting and drawing, 2 upsetting and drawing are carried out for 1 heating time, and the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.8; returning for multiple times during upsetting and drawing, wherein the returning temperature is the same as the heating temperature, and the returning heat preservation time is 60-120 min; upsetting is completed for multiple times, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.8 each time, and shaping is needed when 1 upsetting is completed.
The diameters of the titanium alloy blank units are equal, and the ratio of the total height of the axially laminated titanium alloy blank units to the diameter of the titanium alloy blank units is less than or equal to 2.6.
Forging the cake blank in the step (2) for 1-2 times, wherein the final 1 time is upsetting, and the other times are upsetting; during upsetting and drawing, 2 upsetting and drawing are completed for 1 heating time, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.7, multiple times of furnace returning are carried out during upsetting and drawing, the furnace returning temperature is the same as the heating temperature, and the furnace returning heat preservation time is 120-180 min; upsetting is completed for multiple times, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.7 each time, and shaping is needed to be performed when each 1 upsetting is completed, so that a cake blank with the required diameter is obtained.
The heating temperature in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4) is determined according to the type and the processing characteristics of the alloy and the structure and the performance of the final finished product pipe, and for the near alpha and alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy with poor hot workability or the finished product requiring lamellar structure, the heating temperature is (T)β+50) to 1100 deg.C, where T isβRepresents the lowest temperature at which the titanium alloy is completely transformed into beta structure during the heating process; for the near alpha and alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy with good hot workability or the finished product requiring equiaxial or two-state structure, the heating temperature is equal to Tβ- (30 to 50) ° c, where "-" means minus; near beta titanium alloy, metastable beta titanium alloy andthe heating temperature of the beta titanium alloy is 900-1100 ℃; the heat preservation time is t-0.8D +300min, wherein D is the smaller numerical value of the diameter and the wall thickness of the blank and the unit is mm.
Six specific examples are used to illustrate the specific application of the method for preparing the titanium alloy tube with ultra-large specification in this embodiment.
Example 1: the weight of TC4ELI titanium alloy ring material with phi 13000 multiplied by 100 multiplied by 1000mm is 18 tons.
3 TC4 titanium alloy ingots were prepared and forged on a large free forging machine with two heats. The heating temperature of the first heating is 1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 800-1040 min. And (3) after the blank is heated, firstly completing 1 upsetting and drawing, returning to the furnace, preserving heat for 60min at the heating temperature, and completing 1 upsetting and drawing after the blank is taken out of the furnace, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.6, and the height-diameter ratio after drawing is 1.7, so that the TC4ELI cylindrical blank with the diameter of 1100mm is obtained. The heating temperature of the first heating is 1070 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 800-1040 min. Upsetting is carried out on the blank after the blank is heated, upsetting is carried out for 3 times, upsetting ratios are respectively 1.5, 1.6 and 1.6, shaping is carried out after each upsetting, and then the blank is returned to a furnace and kept warm, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 1070 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 120 min. Finally obtaining a cake blank with phi 1620 mm. And after the round cake blank is cooled, the surface of the round cake blank is polished and leveled to obtain a round cake blank unit with the diameter of phi 1600 mm. Cleaning the surface of the round cake-shaped blank unit by using organic solvents such as alcohol or acetone and the like to ensure that the surface is clean enough; and then laminating 3 blank units along the axial direction, and carrying out spot welding on one circle of the outer side of each two blank units to obtain a laminated and spot-welded titanium alloy combined blank, wherein the specification of the combined blank is phi 1600 multiplied by 2840 mm. Putting the laminated and spot-welded TC4 titanium alloy combined blank in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree reaches 10-2And at Pa, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the outer circle of each lamination layer at the welding current of 160mA, the welding voltage of 12kV and the maximum welding depth of 40mm to obtain the integrally welded TC4 titanium alloy preform. And (3) putting the TC4 titanium alloy preform into a hot isostatic pressing device for hot isostatic pressing treatment, wherein the working pressure is 120MPa, the heating temperature is 1070 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4h, so that metallurgical bonding is obtained between layers, and the TC4 titanium alloy integral blank with the phi 1600 x 2841mm super-large specification is obtained. Ultra-large specification of phi 1600 multiplied by 2840mmForging TC4 alloy blank on a large free forging machine for 2 times, upsetting and drawing at the first time, and heating to TβThe temperature is kept at minus 30 ℃ for 1280-1520 min, upsetting is carried out after discharging, the temperature is kept in a furnace again, and the temperature is kept at Tβ30 ℃ below zero for 180 min. Carrying out upsetting and drawing after taking out the furnace; the upsetting ratio was 1.7. Second upset, blank at TβHeating at the temperature of minus 50 ℃, preserving heat for 1280-1520 min, upsetting after discharging, and finishing for 4 times to obtain cake blanks with phi of 3320 multiplied by 650mm, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.6, 1.7 and 1.7 respectively. The cake blank is at TβHeating at the temperature of minus 50 ℃, preserving heat for 520-760 min, and punching and expanding holes to obtain a ring blank with the diameter phi of 3320 multiplied by the diameter phi of 600 multiplied by 650 mm. Putting the ring blank at TβHeating at-50 deg.C, rolling with two fire, first rolling to phi 7000 × phi 6380 × 820mm, and second rolling to phi 13030 × phi 12780 × 1020 mm. And (3) carrying out 800 ℃/2h and AC heat treatment on the ring blank, and discharging and air cooling. And (4) machining the ring blank subjected to heat treatment to finally obtain the phi 13000 multiplied by 100 multiplied by 1000mm ultra-large specification ring.
Example 2: the weight of the TA31 titanium alloy ring material with phi of 10500 multiplied by 80 multiplied by 2500mm reaches 23.3 tons.
4 TA31 titanium alloy ingots were prepared, and 4 cylindrical titanium alloy ingots of equal diameter were forged 3 times on a large free forging machine. The heating temperature of the first heating time is 1170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 800-1040 min. And (3) after the blank is heated, firstly completing 1 upsetting and drawing, returning to the furnace, preserving heat for 60min at the heating temperature, and completing 1 upsetting and drawing after the blank is taken out of the furnace, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.6, and the height-diameter ratio after drawing is 1.7, so that the TA31 cylindrical blank with the diameter of 1100mm is obtained. The heating temperature of the second heating is 1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 880-1120 min, and other forging processes are the same as the first heating. And the heating temperature of the third heating time is 1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 880-1120 min, the blank is subjected to upsetting after being heated, the first upsetting ratio is 1.6, and the blank is subjected to heat preservation for 180min at 1100 ℃ after being shaped. And (3) after discharging, upsetting for the second time, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.7, reshaping, and finally obtaining a cake blank with the diameter of 1670 mm multiplied by 905 mm. And after cooling the phi 1670X 905mm round cake blanks, turning and polishing the surfaces of the round cake blanks to be flat to obtain the phi 1650X 885mm round cake blank units. Cleaning the surface of the round cake-shaped blank unit by using organic solvents such as alcohol or acetone and the like to ensure that the surface is clean enough; then will beAnd (3) laminating the 4 blank units along the axial direction, and performing spot welding on one circle of the outer side of every two blank units to obtain a laminated and spot-welded titanium alloy combined blank, wherein the specification of the combined blank is phi 1650 multiplied by 3540 mm. Placing the laminated and spot-welded TA31 titanium alloy combined blank in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree reaches 10-2And at Pa, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the outer circle of each lamination layer at the welding current of 250mA, the welding voltage of 18kV and the deepest welding depth of 70mm to obtain a TA31 titanium alloy preform welded into a whole. And (3) putting the TA31 titanium alloy preform into a hot isostatic pressing device for hot isostatic pressing treatment, wherein the working pressure is 200MPa, the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3h, so that metallurgical bonding is obtained between layers, and the phi 1650 x 3540mm oversized titanium alloy integral blank is obtained. And (3) forging the TA31 alloy blank with the ultra-large specification for 1 time on a large free forging machine. Blank at TβHeating at 50 ℃, preserving heat for 1320-1560 min, upsetting for three times after discharging to obtain a cake blank with phi 2980 multiplied by 1060mm, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.5, 1.6 and 1.6 respectively. The cake blank is at TβHeating at 50 ℃, preserving heat for 848-1088 min, and punching and reaming to obtain a ring blank with the diameter of 3000 multiplied by 700 multiplied by 1150 mm. Putting the ring blank at TβHeating at +50 ℃, preserving heat for 920-1160 min, then carrying out hot rolling forming on a ring rolling mill, and carrying out rolling with two fire, wherein the first fire is carried out until the diameter is 6000 multiplied by the diameter 5840 multiplied by 1520mm, and the second fire is carried out until the diameter is 15300 multiplied by the diameter 10320 multiplied by 2020 mm. And carrying out 800 ℃/2h heat treatment on the ring blank, discharging and air cooling. And (4) machining the ring blank subjected to heat treatment to finally obtain the TA31 titanium alloy ring with the phi of 10500 multiplied by 80 multiplied by 2500mm and the oversized specification.
Example 3: the weight of the TA15 titanium alloy ring material with phi of 10500 multiplied by 80 multiplied by 2500mm reaches 23.3 tons.
4 ingots of TA15 titanium alloy were prepared and forged 3 times on a large free forging machine. The heating temperature of the first heating time is 1170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 800-1040 min. And (3) after the blank is heated, firstly completing 1 upsetting and drawing, returning to the furnace, preserving heat for 60min at the heating temperature, and completing 1 upsetting and drawing after the blank is taken out of the furnace, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.6, and the height-diameter ratio after drawing is 1.7, so that the TA15 cylindrical blank with the diameter of 1100mm is obtained. Heating the second heating time at 1100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 880-1120 min, and obtaining the blankHeating, upsetting with the first upsetting ratio of 1.6, shaping, and returning to the furnace at 1100 deg.C for 180 min. And (3) after discharging, upsetting for the second time, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.7, reshaping, and finally obtaining a cake blank with the diameter of 1670 mm multiplied by 905 mm. And after cooling the phi 1670X 905mm round cake blanks, turning and polishing the surfaces of the round cake blanks to be flat to obtain the phi 1650X 885mm round cake blank units. Cleaning the surface of the round cake-shaped blank unit by using organic solvents such as alcohol or acetone and the like to ensure that the surface is clean enough; and then laminating 4 blank units along the axial direction, and carrying out spot welding on one circle of the outer side of every two blank units to obtain a laminated and spot-welded titanium alloy combined blank, wherein the specification of the combined blank is phi 1650 multiplied by 3540 mm. Placing the laminated and spot-welded TA15 titanium alloy combined blank in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree reaches 10-2And at Pa, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the outer circle of each lamination layer at the welding current of 250mA, the welding voltage of 18kV and the deepest welding depth of 70mm to obtain a TA15 titanium alloy preform welded into a whole. And (3) putting the TA15 titanium alloy preform into a hot isostatic pressing device for hot isostatic pressing treatment, wherein the working pressure is 200MPa, the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3h, so that metallurgical bonding is obtained between layers, and the phi 1650 x 3540mm oversized titanium alloy integral blank is obtained. And (3) forging the TA15 alloy blank with the ultra-large specification for 2 times on a large free forging machine. Number 1 fire, blank at TβHeating at minus 30 ℃, preserving the heat for 1320-1560 min, and finishing 1 upsetting first, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.5. And (4) returning to the furnace, keeping the temperature for 120min at the heating temperature, and finishing 1 upsetting after discharging to obtain a cylindrical blank with the diameter of 1635X 3270 mm. The second heating temperature is still TβAnd preserving the heat for 1308-1548 min at the temperature of minus 40 ℃. Upsetting is carried out for three times after discharging, and cake blanks with the diameter of 2980 multiplied by 1060mm are obtained, wherein the upsetting ratio is respectively 1.5, 1.6 and 1.6. The cake blank is at TβHeating at the temperature of minus 30 ℃, preserving heat for 848-1088 min, and punching and reaming to obtain a ring blank with the diameter of 3000 multiplied by 700 multiplied by 1150 mm. Putting the ring blank at TβHeating at minus 40 ℃, preserving heat for 920-1160 min, then carrying out hot rolling forming on a ring rolling mill, and carrying out rolling with two fire, wherein the first fire is carried out until the diameter is 6000 multiplied by the diameter 5840 multiplied by 1520mm, and the second fire is carried out until the diameter is 15300 multiplied by the diameter 10320 multiplied by 2020 mm. And carrying out 800 ℃/2h heat treatment on the ring blank, discharging and air cooling. For the ring after heat treatmentAnd machining the blank to finally obtain the phi 10500X 80X 2500mm extra-large specification TA15 titanium alloy ring piece.
Example 4: the weight of Ti52 titanium alloy ring material with phi 13000 multiplied by 100 multiplied by 1000mm is 18 tons.
4 Ti52 titanium alloy ingots were prepared and subjected to one-shot upsetting on a large free-forging machine. The heating temperature is 1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 632-872 min. And (3) upsetting the blank after heating, wherein the upsetting ratio is respectively 1.5, 1.6 and 1.6 by 3 times, shaping the blank after each upsetting, and then returning to the furnace for heat preservation at the temperature of 1100 ℃ for 120 min. Finally obtaining a cake blank with phi 1620 mm. And after the round cake blank is cooled, the surface of the round cake blank is polished and leveled to obtain a round cake blank unit with the diameter of phi 1600 mm. Cleaning the surface of the round cake-shaped blank unit by using organic solvents such as alcohol or acetone and the like to ensure that the surface is clean enough; and then laminating 3 blank units along the axial direction, and carrying out spot welding on the outer circumference of every two blank units to obtain a laminated and spot-welded titanium alloy combined blank, wherein the specification of the combined blank is phi 1600 multiplied by 2800 mm. Placing the laminated and spot-welded Ti52 titanium alloy combined blank in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree reaches 10-2And at Pa, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the outer circle of each lamination layer at the welding current of 160mA, the welding voltage of 12kV and the maximum welding depth of 40mm to obtain a Ti52 titanium alloy preform welded into a whole. And putting the Ti52 titanium alloy prefabricated blank into a hot isostatic pressing device for hot isostatic pressing treatment, wherein the working pressure is 120MPa, the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4h, so that metallurgical bonding is obtained between layers, and the Ti52 titanium alloy integral blank with the phi 1600 x 2800mm super-large specification is obtained. Upsetting the phi 1600 multiplied by 2800mm oversized Ti52 alloy blank for 1 time on a large free forging machine, heating the blank at 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 1280-1520 min, upsetting after discharging, and finishing for 4 times to obtain a phi 3320 multiplied by 620mm cake blank, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.6, 1.7 and 1.7 respectively. The cake blank is at TβHeating at 50 ℃, preserving heat for 520-760 min, and punching and reaming to obtain a ring blank with phi 3320 multiplied by phi 600 multiplied by 630 mm. Putting the ring blank at TβHeating at 50 deg.C, rolling with two fire, first rolling to phi 7000 × phi 6380 × 820mm, and second rolling to phi 13030 × phi 12780 × 1020 mm. To ring spareAnd (3) carrying out 800 ℃/2h on the blank, carrying out AC heat treatment, discharging and air cooling. And (4) machining the ring blank subjected to heat treatment to finally obtain the phi 13000 multiplied by 100 multiplied by 1000mm ultra-large specification ring.
Example 5: the weight of the Ti5553 titanium alloy ring material with the diameter of 8000 multiplied by 70 multiplied by 2000mm reaches 15.5 tons.
A12-piece Ti5553 titanium alloy ingot was prepared and forged 2 times on a large free forging machine. The heating temperature of the first heating time is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 480-720 min. 1 upsetting is firstly completed after the blank is heated, the blank is returned to the furnace, the heat preservation is carried out for 60min at the heating temperature, 1 upsetting is completed after the blank is taken out of the furnace, the upsetting ratio is 1.7, and the Ti5553 cylindrical blank with the diameter of 670X 1220mm is obtained. The heating temperature of the second heating is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 536-776 min. Heating the blank, upsetting the blank with the first upsetting ratio of 1.7, reshaping the blank, upsetting the blank with the second upsetting ratio of 1.8, reshaping the blank again, and returning the blank to the furnace to keep the temperature at 1100 ℃ for 60 min. And (3) after discharging, upsetting for the third time with the upsetting ratio of 1.8, after shaping, upsetting for the fourth time with the upsetting ratio of 1.8, and then shaping to finally obtain a cake blank with the diameter of 1420X 263 mm. And after the round cake blank is cooled, the surface of the round cake blank is polished and leveled to obtain a round cake blank unit with the diameter of phi 1400 multiplied by 243 mm. And (3) cleaning oil stains on the surface of the round cake-shaped blank unit by using organic solvents such as alcohol or acetone and the like to ensure that the surface is clean enough. And then laminating 14 blank units along the axial direction, and performing spot welding on the outer circumference of every two blank units to obtain a laminated and spot-welded titanium alloy combined blank, wherein the specification of the combined blank is phi 1400 multiplied by 3402 mm. Placing the laminated and spot-welded Ti5553 titanium alloy combined blank in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree reaches 10-2And at Pa, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on one circle of the outer side of each lamination, wherein the welding current is 220mA, the welding voltage is 15kV, and the welding depth is 60mm to obtain the integrally welded Ti5553 titanium alloy preform. And putting the Ti5553 titanium alloy preform into a hot isostatic pressing device for hot isostatic pressing treatment, wherein the working pressure is 200MPa, the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5 hours, so that metallurgical bonding is obtained between layers, and the titanium alloy integral blank with the ultra-large specification of phi 1400X 3402mm is obtained. The extra-large Ti5333 alloy blank with the diameter of 1400X 3402mm is forged for 1 fire on a ten-thousand-ton free forging machine. Blank is atHeating at 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1120-1360 min, upsetting for three times after discharging to obtain a cake blank with the diameter of 2490 multiplied by 1060mm, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.6, 1.7 and 1.5 respectively. And heating the cake blank at 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 848-1088 min, and punching and reaming to obtain a ring blank with phi 2500 multiplied by phi 400 multiplied by 1060 mm. Heating the ring blank at 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 680-920 min, then carrying out hot rolling forming on a ring rolling mill, and carrying out rolling with two fire, wherein the first fire is carried out until phi 5000 is multiplied by phi 4500 is multiplied by 1330mm, and the second fire is carried out until phi 8030 is multiplied by phi 7840 is multiplied by 2020 mm. And (3) performing 820 ℃/180min solid solution on the ring blank, discharging the ring blank from the furnace, air cooling, then performing 510 ℃/600min aging, and air cooling after discharging the ring blank from the furnace. And (4) machining the ring blank subjected to heat treatment to finally obtain the Ti5553 oversized titanium alloy ring with the phi of 8000 multiplied by 70 multiplied by 2000 mm.
Example 6: the weight of the TB9 titanium alloy ring material with the diameter of 6000 multiplied by 70 multiplied by 2500mm reaches 14.5 tons.
Preparing 14 TB9 titanium alloy ingots, upsetting for 1 fire on a large free forging machine at the heating temperature of 1100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 480-720 min, upsetting the blank after discharging the blank, and upsetting for 5 times with the upsetting ratio of 1.7 to finally obtain a cake blank with phi 1520 multiplied by 220 mm. And after the round cake blank is cooled, the surface of the round cake blank is finished and leveled to obtain a round cake blank unit with the diameter of 1500 multiplied by 200 mm. And (3) cleaning oil stains on the surface of the round cake-shaped blank unit by using organic solvents such as alcohol or acetone and the like to ensure that the surface is clean enough. And then laminating 14 blank units along the axial direction, and performing spot welding on the outer circumference of every two blank units to obtain a laminated and spot-welded titanium alloy combined blank, wherein the specification of the combined blank is phi 1500 multiplied by 2800 mm. Placing the laminated and spot-welded TB9 titanium alloy combined blank in a vacuum electron beam welding machine, vacuumizing until the vacuum degree reaches 10-2And at Pa, carrying out vacuum electron beam welding on the outer circle of each lamination layer at the welding current of 220mA, the welding voltage of 15kV and the deepest welding depth of 60mm to obtain the integrally welded TB9 titanium alloy preform. And (2) putting the TB9 titanium alloy prefabricated blank into a hot isostatic pressing device for hot isostatic pressing treatment, wherein the working pressure is 200MPa, the heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5h, so that metallurgical bonding is obtained between layers, and the phi 1500 x 2800mm oversized titanium alloy integral blank is obtained. The blank of the ultra-large TB9 alloy with the diameter of 1500 multiplied by 2800mm is enlargedAnd forging the blank for 1 time on a free forging machine. Heating the blank at 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1200-1440 min, upsetting for three times after discharging to obtain a cake blank with the diameter of 2480 multiplied by 1000mm, wherein the upsetting ratio is 1.6, 1.7 and 1.5 respectively. Heating the cake blank at 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 800-1040 min, and punching and reaming to obtain a ring blank with phi 2500 multiplied by phi 600 multiplied by 1000 mm. Heating the ring blank at 900 ℃, preserving heat for 760-1000 min, then carrying out hot rolling forming on a ring rolling mill, and carrying out rolling with two fire, wherein the first fire is carried out until phi is 3500 x phi 2940 x 1600mm, and the second fire is carried out for phi 6030 x phi 5840 x 2520 mm. And (3) performing 850 ℃/180min solid solution on the ring blank, discharging the ring blank from the furnace, performing air cooling, then performing 480 ℃/600min aging, and discharging the ring blank from the furnace, and performing air cooling. And (4) machining the ring blank subjected to heat treatment to finally obtain the TB9 oversized titanium alloy ring with the diameter of 6000X 70X 2500 mm.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the oversized titanium alloy ring piece is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out axial lamination, spot welding, vacuum seal welding and hot isostatic pressing on the plurality of titanium alloy blank units to obtain a titanium alloy blank with an ultra-large specification;
(2) heating the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification, and forging the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification on a large free forging machine after the titanium alloy blank with the ultra-large specification is heated and discharged out of the furnace to obtain a cake blank with a required specification;
(3) heating the cake blank, punching, and then reaming on a saddle to obtain a ring blank with a required specification;
(4) heating the ring blank, and then carrying out hot rolling forming on the ring blank by using a ring rolling machine to obtain a ring blank;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the ring blank;
(6) and machining the ring blank subjected to the heat treatment to finally obtain a finished ring.
2. The method for preparing the ultra-large-specification titanium alloy ring piece according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the titanium alloy is near alpha titanium alloy, alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy, near beta titanium alloy, metastable beta titanium alloy or beta titanium alloy.
3. The method for preparing the ultra-large-specification titanium alloy ring piece according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the titanium alloy blank unit is obtained by forging for 1-3 times, the last 1 time is upsetting, the other times are upsetting, the forging heating temperature is 1050-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time t is 0.8-0.8D +240min, wherein D is the smaller numerical value of the diameter and the wall thickness of the blank, and the unit is mm; during upsetting and drawing, 2 upsetting and drawing are carried out for 1 heating time, and the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.8; returning for multiple times during upsetting and drawing, wherein the returning temperature is the same as the heating temperature, and the returning heat preservation time is 60-120 min; upsetting is completed for multiple times, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.8 each time, and shaping is needed when 1 upsetting is completed.
4. The method for preparing the ultra-large-specification titanium alloy ring piece according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameters of the titanium alloy blank units are equal, and the ratio of the total height of the axially laminated titanium alloy blank units to the diameter of the titanium alloy blank units is less than or equal to 2.6.
5. The method for preparing the ultra-large-specification titanium alloy ring piece according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: forging the cake blank in the step (2) for 1-2 times, wherein the final 1 time is upsetting, and the other times are upsetting; during upsetting and drawing, 2 upsetting and drawing are completed for 1 heating time, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.7, multiple times of furnace returning are carried out during upsetting and drawing, the furnace returning temperature is the same as the heating temperature, and the furnace returning heat preservation time is 120-180 min; upsetting is completed for multiple times, the upsetting ratio is 1.5-1.7 each time, and shaping is needed to be performed when each 1 upsetting is completed, so that a cake blank with the required diameter is obtained.
6. The method for preparing the ultra-large-specification titanium alloy ring piece according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heating temperature in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4) is determined according to the type and the processing characteristics of the alloy and the structure and the performance of the final finished product pipe, and for the near alpha and alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy with poor hot workability or the finished product requiring lamellar structure, the heating temperature is (T)β+50) to 1100 deg.C, where T isβRepresents the lowest temperature at which the titanium alloy is completely transformed into beta structure during the heating process; for the near alpha and alpha + beta two-phase titanium alloy with good hot workability or the finished product requiring equiaxial or two-state structure, the heating temperature is Tβ- (30 to 50) DEG C; the heating temperature of the near-beta titanium alloy, the metastable-beta titanium alloy and the beta titanium alloy is 900-1100 ℃; the heat preservation time is t-0.8D +300min, wherein D is the smaller numerical value of the diameter and the wall thickness of the blank and the unit is mm.
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| CN115635263A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-01-24 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing ultra-large-specification metal ring piece based on radial sleeving assembly |
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