CN118023475A - Method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of precision casting mould shell and aeroengine - Google Patents
Method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of precision casting mould shell and aeroengine Download PDFInfo
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- CN118023475A CN118023475A CN202410003968.3A CN202410003968A CN118023475A CN 118023475 A CN118023475 A CN 118023475A CN 202410003968 A CN202410003968 A CN 202410003968A CN 118023475 A CN118023475 A CN 118023475A
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- dewaxing
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting mould shell and an aeroengine, comprising the following steps: s1, preparing wax, namely preparing heat-sensitive wax materials after preparing a wax mould, and heating and melting the heat-sensitive wax materials, wherein the melting point of the heat-sensitive wax is lower than that of pouring gate wax in the wax mould; s2, waxing, namely pouring or coating the heat-sensitive wax in a target area by taking the pouring cup position of the wax mould as a starting point, and cooling and solidifying after finishing; s3, manufacturing a shell, namely manufacturing a mould shell by using a wax mould provided with heat sensitive wax; s4, dewaxing, namely heating the mould shell in a heating kettle to enable heat sensitive wax in the inner cavity of the mould shell to reach a melting point, melting and discharging, forming a wax discharging channel between the pouring cup wax and the inner wall of the mould shell by taking the pouring cup position of the mould shell as a starting point before the pouring cup wax, the pouring gate wax and the part wax begin to melt, and discharging the pouring gate wax and the part wax through the wax discharging channel after the pouring gate wax and the part wax are melted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of precision casting, in particular to a method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting mould shell and an aeroengine.
Background
The process flow of precision casting is wax mould forming-wax mould group tree-shell making-smelting pouring-cleaning cutting, etc., in which the shell making is a procedure of preparing a mould shell with a certain thickness of refractory material by circularly and alternately coating a layer of refractory slurry and a layer of refractory sand outside the wax mould group tree, then removing the wax material in the mould shell in a steam dewaxing kettle so as to obtain the mould shell.
The high-temperature steam is needed for dewaxing the high-pressure steam in the precision casting mould shell to heat the mould shell from outside to inside, the solid wax material is heated and melted to expand along with the volume, large extrusion force is generated on the brittle mould shell, if the wax material cannot be smoothly discharged from the mould shell, the mould shell is easily cracked to introduce casting shell slag, and the casting is leaked due to heavy weight, so that the normal production is affected.
Patent number: 201711407482.2 discloses a dewaxing method for ceramic shells, wherein a wax mould inside the ceramic shells is gradually melted from outside to inside by setting a heat-resistant layer with gradually changed thickness from a dewaxing opening as a starting point, so that the aim of auxiliary dewaxing control of dewaxing sequence is fulfilled, impurities and cracks are avoided, but the melting point of the heat-resistant layer is higher than that of wax materials, the effect of controlling the melting sequence of the wax materials can be achieved by setting the heat-resistant layer, the dewaxing efficiency is greatly reduced, and the actual operation difficulty, the efficiency and the consumption of the wax materials are high, the working time is long, and the comprehensive cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preventing dewaxing and expansion of a precision casting die shell and an aeroengine, and aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, in the dewaxing process of the precision casting die shell, a solid wax material is heated and melted, and extrusion force is generated on a brittle die shell along with volume expansion, so that the die shell is cracked.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting mold shell, comprising:
S1, preparing wax, namely preparing heat-sensitive wax materials after preparing a wax mould, and heating and melting the heat-sensitive wax materials, wherein the melting point of the heat-sensitive wax is lower than that of pouring gate wax in the wax mould;
S2, waxing, namely pouring or coating the heat-sensitive wax in a target area by taking the pouring cup position of the wax mould as a starting point, and cooling and solidifying after finishing;
s3, manufacturing a shell, namely manufacturing a mould shell by using a wax mould provided with heat sensitive wax;
s4, dewaxing, namely heating the mould shell in a heating kettle to enable heat sensitive wax in the inner cavity of the mould shell to reach a melting point, melting and discharging, forming a wax discharging channel between the pouring cup wax and the inner wall of the mould shell by taking the pouring cup position of the mould shell as a starting point before the pouring cup wax, the pouring gate wax and the part wax begin to melt, and discharging the pouring gate wax and the part wax through the wax discharging channel after the pouring gate wax and the part wax are melted.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, S1 includes:
S11, heating and melting the prepared heat-sensitive wax;
S12, fully preserving the heat of the melted liquid heat-sensitive wax, and treating bubbles.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S12 further includes:
the bubbles are scalded by using an electric soldering iron, or the floating wax is fished out by using a metal rod with a smooth surface.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S2 further includes:
The thickness of the formed heat sensitive wax is gradually reduced from the pouring cup to the pouring channel direction, or the thickness of the heat sensitive wax at the pouring cup is larger than that of the heat sensitive wax at the pouring channel position.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S2 includes:
s21, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax on a target area on the wax mould, and cooling and solidifying;
S22, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax on a target area in the direction of the edge of a wax discharge port of the pouring cup, and cooling and solidifying;
s23, repeating the steps S21-S22 until the pouring cup wax removing opening edge is coated.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S2 includes:
S21, adjusting the mould shell to a position that a pouring cup is arranged below and a pouring channel is arranged above, and adjusting the liquid heat sensitive wax to a preset temperature;
s22, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax with preset temperature conditions on the target area.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S22 further includes:
and pouring the heat sensitive wax to a target area on the wax mould, or soaking the target area in the liquid heat sensitive wax for a preset time period, and then lifting.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the target area is the outer surface of the wax of the part, through the pouring gate of the pouring cup edge of the wax mould.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the pouring cup wax and the pouring gate wax are of a first preset color, the heat-sensitive wax is of a second preset color, and the part wax is of a third preset color.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an aeroengine employing the method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting mold shell as described above
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the method, after the heat sensitive wax is coated on a target area of the surface of the wax mould, the mould shell is prepared, in the mould shell dewaxing procedure, when the temperature of the mould shell is increased to be consistent with the melting point of the heat sensitive wax on the surface layer of the pouring gate, the heat sensitive wax on the surface layer of the wax mould begins to melt and discharge, a channel is formed between the inner surface of the mould shell and the pouring gate, the wax in the pouring gate is still not melted in a heating stage, after the heat sensitive wax on the surface layer is completely melted, the pouring gate wax and the wax in the pouring gate cup are heated and melted, and at the moment, the pouring gate wax can be smoothly discharged from the mould shell without extruding the mould shell due to the existence of a wax discharge channel left after the heat sensitive wax is discharged, compared with the common dewaxing procedure, the heat sensitive wax coated on the surface of the mould shell can finally achieve the effect of preventing the mould shell from cracking by postponing heat conduction, and the wax in a wider dewaxing temperature and pressure range, the mould shell of the ceramic material can be melted and discharged from the pouring gate cup to the part in sequence, and the mould shell is not subjected to excessive extrusion force to generate even cracking, compared with the prior art, and the problem of crack in the mould shell is basically avoided;
on the other hand, after the wax pattern is molded and spliced, the coating of heat sensitive wax is carried out, and then the shell is manufactured, so that the whole process and the operation are simple;
On the other hand, the heat-sensitive wax on the surface of the target area of the wax mould is coated in liquid state and is obtained through cooling solidification, compared with the conventional pouring cup wax and pouring gate wax formed by compression molding, the surface of the finally obtained mould shell is smoother, the corrosion of metal liquid on the surface of the mould shell during pouring is effectively resisted, and the risk of slag inclusion of the mould shell of the casting is reduced.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a prior art dewaxing pattern;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the application of a heat sensitive wax according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method of preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting form, comprising:
S1, preparing wax, namely preparing heat-sensitive wax materials after preparing a wax mould, and heating and melting the heat-sensitive wax materials, wherein the melting point of the heat-sensitive wax is lower than that of pouring gate wax;
S2, waxing, namely pouring or coating the heat-sensitive wax in a target area by taking the pouring cup position of the wax mould as a starting point, and cooling and solidifying after finishing;
s3, manufacturing a shell, namely manufacturing a mould shell by using a wax mould provided with heat sensitive wax;
S4, dewaxing, namely heating the mould shell in a heating kettle to enable heat sensitive wax in the inner cavity of the mould shell to reach a melting point, melting and discharging, forming a wax discharging channel between the pouring cup wax and the surface of the mould shell by taking the pouring cup position of the mould shell as a starting point before the pouring cup wax, the pouring gate wax and the part wax begin to melt, and discharging the pouring gate wax and the part wax through the wax discharging channel after the pouring gate wax and the part wax are melted.
The preparation of the wax mould and the shell making process are realized by referring to the prior art, and the pouring gate wax and the pouring cup wax are the same wax material; the target area is the outer surface of the part wax, namely the outer surface of the pouring cup wax and the pouring gate wax, from the edge of the pouring cup of the wax mould through the pouring gate; the heat sensitive wax in the embodiment is wax material with the melting point lower than the melting point of pouring gate wax and pouring cup wax;
As can be appreciated, in the process method, the die shell is prepared by coating the heat sensitive wax on the target area of the surface of the wax die, in the die shell dewaxing procedure, when the die shell temperature is increased to be consistent with the heat sensitive wax melting point of the surface layer of the pouring gate, the heat sensitive wax on the surface layer of the wax die begins to melt and discharge, and forms a channel between the inner surface of the die shell and the pouring gate, the wax in the pouring gate is still not melted in the heating stage, and after the heat sensitive wax on the surface layer is melted completely, the pouring gate wax and the wax in the pouring gate cup are heated and melted, and at the moment, the pouring gate wax can be smoothly discharged from the die shell without extruding the die shell due to the wax discharge channel left after the heat sensitive wax is completely discharged, compared with the conventional dewaxing procedure, compared with the general dewaxing procedure, the heat sensitive wax coated on the die shell surface can be delayed in heat conduction, the die shell expansion prevention effect is finally achieved, and the wax can be ensured from the outer layer to the inner layer in a wider dewaxing temperature and pressure range, the die shell of the wax is melted and discharged from the pouring gate cup to the part in sequence, and the die shell of the ceramic material is not subjected to excessive extrusion force, and cracks are generated, and even cracks are avoided in the die shell crack process, compared with the prior art, and the problem in 25% of the process, and the crack in the process is avoided;
on the other hand, after the wax pattern is molded and spliced, the coating of heat sensitive wax is carried out, and then the shell is manufactured, so that the whole process and the operation are simple;
On the other hand, the heat-sensitive wax on the surface of the target area of the wax mould is coated in liquid state and is obtained through cooling solidification, compared with the conventional pouring cup wax and pouring gate wax formed by compression molding, the surface of the finally obtained mould shell is smoother, the corrosion of metal liquid on the surface of the mould shell during pouring is effectively resisted, and the risk of slag inclusion of the mould shell of the casting is reduced.
It should be noted that the surface roughness of the wax pattern formed by conventional pressing is about 3.2-1.6 μm, and the surface roughness of the wax pattern formed by cooling the heat-sensitive wax liquid coating is about 0.4-0.2 μm.
In this embodiment, the pouring cup wax and the pouring gate wax are of a first preset color, the heat sensitive wax is of a second preset color, the part wax is of a third preset color, and the pouring cup wax and the pouring gate wax are more convenient to distinguish by setting different colors, so that an operator is reminded to concentrate on the coating quality of the part slurry when the first layer of the mould shell is coated, and the part is protected.
In this embodiment, S1 includes:
S11, heating and melting the prepared heat-sensitive wax;
S12, fully preserving heat of the melted liquid heat-sensitive wax, and treating bubbles; the heat sensitive wax is ensured to be in a proper temperature state, the solidification of the liquid heat sensitive wax with bubbles at the position of a pouring gate or a pouring cup is avoided, the influence on the flatness of the surface of the mould shell is avoided, and the improvement effect of the surface quality of the mould shell is ensured.
Specifically, step S12 further includes:
the bubbles are scalded by using an electric soldering iron, or the floating wax is fished out by using a metal rod with a smooth surface, so that the operation is simple.
In this embodiment, step S2 further includes:
The thickness of the formed heat sensitive wax is gradually reduced from the pouring cup to the pouring channel direction, or the thickness of the heat sensitive wax at the pouring cup is larger than that of the heat sensitive wax at the pouring channel position, and the heat sensitive wax can be matched with the wax amounts at different wax discharging positions after being melted, so that the wax discharging is smoother.
In this embodiment, step S2 includes:
s21, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax on a target area on the wax mould, and cooling and solidifying;
S22, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax on a target area in the direction of the edge of a wax discharge port of the pouring cup, and cooling and solidifying;
s23, repeating the steps S21-S22 until the pouring cup wax removing opening edge is coated.
The pouring cup region is thicker in heat sensitive wax and the pouring channel region is thinner by multilayer coating and gradually reducing the coating region towards the direction of the wax discharge port, and the coating mode is that each layer of wax is thinner.
In another embodiment, step S2 includes:
S21, adjusting the mould shell to a position that a pouring cup is arranged below and a pouring channel is arranged above, and adjusting the liquid heat sensitive wax to a preset temperature;
S22, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax with preset temperature conditions on a target area;
Under the preset temperature condition, the heat-sensitive wax can not be solidified immediately after being coated on the target area, and slowly flows on the surfaces of the pouring cup and the pouring channel to form a thin heat-sensitive wax layer, so that the whole operation is simple.
Specifically, step S22 includes:
And pouring the heat sensitive wax to a target area on the wax mould, or immersing the target area in the liquid heat sensitive wax for a preset period of time, and then extracting, so that the operation is simple and convenient.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting mold shell, comprising the steps of:
S1, preparing wax, namely preparing heat-sensitive wax materials after preparing a wax mould, and heating and melting the heat-sensitive wax materials, wherein the melting point of the heat-sensitive wax is lower than that of pouring gate wax in the wax mould;
S2, waxing, namely pouring or coating the heat-sensitive wax in a target area by taking the pouring cup position of the wax mould as a starting point, and cooling and solidifying after finishing;
s3, manufacturing a shell, namely manufacturing a mould shell by using a wax mould provided with heat sensitive wax;
s4, dewaxing, namely heating the mould shell in a heating kettle to enable heat sensitive wax in the inner cavity of the mould shell to reach a melting point, melting and discharging, forming a wax discharging channel between the pouring cup wax and the inner wall of the mould shell by taking the pouring cup position of the mould shell as a starting point before the pouring cup wax, the pouring gate wax and the part wax begin to melt, and discharging the pouring gate wax and the part wax through the wax discharging channel after the pouring gate wax and the part wax are melted.
2. A method of preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting form according to claim 1 wherein S1 comprises:
S11, heating and melting the prepared heat-sensitive wax;
S12, fully preserving the heat of the melted liquid heat-sensitive wax, and treating bubbles.
3. A method of preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting form according to claim 1 wherein step S12 further comprises:
the bubbles are scalded by using an electric soldering iron, or the floating wax is fished out by using a metal rod with a smooth surface.
4. A method of preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting form according to claim 1 wherein step S2 further comprises:
The thickness of the formed heat sensitive wax is gradually reduced from the pouring cup to the pouring channel direction, or the thickness of the heat sensitive wax at the pouring cup is larger than that of the heat sensitive wax at the pouring channel position.
5. A method of preventing dewaxing and spalling in a precision casting form according to claim 3 wherein step S2 comprises:
s21, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax on a target area on the wax mould, and cooling and solidifying;
S22, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax on a target area in the direction of the edge of a wax discharge port of the pouring cup, and cooling and solidifying;
s23, repeating the steps S21-S22 until the pouring cup wax removing opening edge is coated.
6. A method of preventing dewaxing and spalling in a precision casting form according to claim 3 wherein step S2 comprises:
S21, adjusting the mould shell to a position that a pouring cup is arranged below and a pouring channel is arranged above, and adjusting the liquid heat sensitive wax to a preset temperature;
s22, coating a layer of heat-sensitive wax with preset temperature conditions on the target area.
7. The method of preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting form of claim 6, wherein step S22 further comprises:
and pouring the heat sensitive wax to a target area on the wax mould, or soaking the target area in the liquid heat sensitive wax for a preset time period, and then lifting.
8. A method of preventing dewaxing and spalling in a precision casting form according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the target area is the outer surface of the wax of the part through the runner of the wax pattern tundish rim.
9. A method of preventing dewaxing and spalling in a precision casting form according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the tundish wax and runner wax are of a first predetermined colour, the heat sensitive wax is of a second predetermined colour and the part wax is of a third predetermined colour.
10. An aeroengine having a method of preventing dewaxing and spalling of a precision casting form according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410003968.3A CN118023475A (en) | 2024-01-03 | 2024-01-03 | Method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of precision casting mould shell and aeroengine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410003968.3A CN118023475A (en) | 2024-01-03 | 2024-01-03 | Method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of precision casting mould shell and aeroengine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN118023475A true CN118023475A (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410003968.3A Pending CN118023475A (en) | 2024-01-03 | 2024-01-03 | Method for preventing dewaxing and spalling of precision casting mould shell and aeroengine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118023475A (en) |
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