CN118017184A - Broadband high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter - Google Patents
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- CN118017184A CN118017184A CN202410356713.5A CN202410356713A CN118017184A CN 118017184 A CN118017184 A CN 118017184A CN 202410356713 A CN202410356713 A CN 202410356713A CN 118017184 A CN118017184 A CN 118017184A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and discloses a broadband high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter which is formed by cascading a section of input structure, a section of partition phase shift structure, a section of transition matching structure and a section of output structure. The input structure is a coaxial waveguide; the partition phase shift structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle, the upper half part of the inner conductor is two semicircular tables with central symmetry, the lower half part of the inner conductor is a semi-cylinder, and a metal plate is inserted between the inner conductor and the outer conductor; the transition matching structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle, and the inner conductor is a circular table; the output structure is a circular waveguide. The coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode conversion device realizes the efficient conversion of the coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode, has the advantages of wide working frequency band, high power capacity, easiness in processing, coaxial center of an input port and an output port and the like, and can be well applied to a high-power microwave system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to a coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter which has the advantages of wide working frequency band, high power capacity, easiness in processing and coaxial centers of an input port and an output port.
Background
High power microwaves generally refer to electromagnetic waves having peak powers greater than 100MW and frequencies between 0.1GHz and 300 GHz. At present, the high-power microwave technology has wide application prospect in the fields of directional energy weapons, plasma heating, atmosphere monitoring, space application and the like. However, most high power microwave sources, such as virtual cathode oscillators, relativistic magnetrons, and magnetically isolated line oscillators, typically output in angularly symmetric coaxial TEM modes. If the mode directly drives the radiation antenna, the formed far field pattern is annular, and the microwave radiation field energy is dispersed, so that the space long-distance transmission is not facilitated. Therefore, in practical applications of high-power microwave sources, a mode converter is required to convert the coaxial TEM mode into a circular waveguide TE11 mode capable of directing long-distance radiation.
The traditional high-power microwave mode converter is of a double-bending structure, the mode converter of the double-bending structure has high conversion efficiency, but the defects that the device is difficult to process and the centers of input and output ports are not on the same axis exist. Liu Qingxiang and Yuan Chengwei, a coaxial plug-in mode converter (Liu Qingxiang, plug-in coaxial microwave mode converter, patent No. ZL 200410022230.4), first, two metal plates are inserted into the coaxial waveguide to divide the coaxial TEM mode into two 180 ° sector waveguide TE11 modes; then, metal plates with different lengths are inserted into the two paths of 180-degree sector waveguides, so that the phase difference of TE11 modes of the upper and lower paths of 180-degree sector waveguides is 180 degrees; finally, two paths of 180-degree sector waveguide TE11 modes are synthesized into a coaxial waveguide TE11 mode, and transition to a circular waveguide TE11 mode is carried out through cone transition, so that mode conversion is finally realized. The mode converter has the advantages of high power capacity, coaxial centers of the input port and the output port, but narrow working frequency band and difficult processing. In order to solve the problems, the invention designs a high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter which has the advantages of wide working frequency band, high power capacity, easiness in processing and coaxial center of an input port and an output port.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of designing a mode converter with wide working frequency band, high power capacity, easy processing and coaxial centers of an input port and an output port, and can realize the conversion from a coaxial TEM mode to a circular waveguide TE11 mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a broadband high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter is characterized in that: the device consists of a cascade connection of a section of input structure (I), a section of partition phase shift structure (II), a section of transition matching structure (III) and a section of output structure (IV); the input structure is a coaxial waveguide; the zoned phase shift structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle, the upper half part of the inner conductor is two semicircular tables with central symmetry, the lower half part of the inner conductor is a semi-cylinder, and a metal plate is inserted between the inner conductor and the outer conductor; the transition matching structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle, and the inner conductor is a circular table; the output structure is a circular waveguide.
Further, the coaxial waveguide of the input structure has an outer radius R 1 and an inner radius R 2, and propagates only TEM modes, satisfying the condition: 0< (R 1+R2)<c/πf0, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and f 0 is the operating frequency of the mode converter.
Further, the heights of the outer conductor fillets of the zoned phase shift structure and the transition matching structure are H 1.
Further, the radius of the upper bottom surface of the half round table of the upper half part of the inner conductor of the partition phase shift structure is R 3, and the height is H 2; the length of the metal plate inserted between the inner and outer conductors is L 1.
Further, the radius of the upper bottom surface of the inner conductor round table of the transition matching structure is R 4, and the height is H 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The operating frequency bandwidth. The invention can reduce the cutoff frequency of the coaxial TE11 mode and expand the working bandwidth by introducing the fillets, and the relative bandwidth with the conversion efficiency of more than 90 percent is 22.5 percent.
(2) The power capacity is high. The invention has the power capacity as high as 1.1GW, and can meet the requirement of a high-power microwave system.
(3) The input port and the output port are coaxial in center, easy to process and beneficial to the integration and application of the system.
(4) The invention can effectively inhibit reflection caused by discontinuous waveguide section by reasonably designing the sizes and positions of the half round table and the round table, improve the matching performance of the mode converter and improve the working bandwidth and the conversion efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view, M-M and N-N cross-sectional views of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a mode conversion process of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a plot of scattering parameters for a high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of conversion efficiency for each mode of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an internal electric field amplitude distribution of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Reference numerals: i-input structure, II-partition phase shift structure, III-transition matching structure, IV-output structure, 1-coaxial waveguide, 2, 6-half round table, 3-half cylinder, 4-metal plate, 5-round angle, 7-round table, 8-round waveguide
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments are shown, and in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention designs a high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter, which consists of a cascade connection of a section of input structure (I), a section of partition phase shift structure (II), a section of transition matching structure (III) and a section of output structure (IV); the input structure is a coaxial waveguide (1); the zonal phase shift structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle (5), the upper half part of the inner conductor is two semicircular tables (2, 6) which are symmetrical in center, the lower half part of the inner conductor is a semi-cylinder (3), and a metal plate (4) is inserted between the inner conductor and the outer conductor; the transition matching structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle, and the inner conductor is a circular table (7); the output structure is a circular waveguide (8).
Fig. 2 is a side view, M-M and N-N cross-sectional views of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. In order to ensure that the coaxial waveguide of the input structure transmits only the TEM mode, its outer radius R 1 = 4.4cm and its inner radius R 2 = 2.3cm, the conditions are satisfied: the split phase shift structure and the transition matching structure are both round angles, so that the cut-off frequency of a coaxial TE11 mode can be effectively reduced, the height H 1 =7.4 cm of the round angles is optimized, the upper half part of the inner conductor of the split phase shift structure is two half round platforms with central symmetry, the radius R 3 =0.55 cm of the upper bottom surface is high, the height H 2 =9.6 cm of the upper half round platform is high, reflection caused by discontinuous waveguide sections can be effectively restrained, the lower half part of the inner conductor is a semi-cylinder, a metal plate is inserted between the inner conductor and the outer conductor, the length L 1 =41 cm of the metal plate is the round platform, the transition matching structure is optimized, the upper bottom surface radius R 4 =0.8 cm is high, the height H 3 =6.3 cm is used for transiting the coaxial TE11 mode to the round angle TE11 mode, and finally the circular waveguide TE11 mode is output through the output structure.
Fig. 3 is a mode conversion process diagram of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. Firstly, a high-power microwave source injects a coaxial TEM mode into an input structure; then, the coaxial TEM mode is divided into two paths of sector waveguide TE11 modes through a metal plate in the mode conversion structure, the upper half of sector waveguide TE11 modes are firstly transited to semicircular angle waveguide TE11 modes and then transited to the sector waveguide TE11 modes, the lower half of the sector waveguide TE11 modes propagate through the sector waveguide TE11 modes, and the upper and lower paths of sector waveguide TE11 modes form 180-degree phase difference; synthesizing the two paths of sector waveguide TE11 modes into a coaxial waveguide TE11 mode in a transition matching structure, and then transitioning to a circular waveguide TE11 mode; finally, outputting the circular waveguide TE11 mode through the output structure.
Fig. 4 is a graph of scattering parameters of a high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As known from the graph, the transmission coefficient S21 of the invention at the working frequency point of 2.6GHz is-0.13 dB, and the reflection coefficient S11 is-16.35 dB; in the frequency range of 2.2GHz-2.94GHz, the reflection coefficient S11 is smaller than-10 dB. The above results indicate that the device has good matching performance within the operating bandwidth.
Fig. 5 is a graph of conversion efficiency of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. According to the graph, the conversion efficiency of the TEM-TE11 mode is 97.1% and the conversion efficiency of the TEM-TM01 mode is 0.1% at the 2.6GHz working frequency point; in the frequency range of 2.29GHz-2.88GHz, the conversion efficiency of a TEM-TE11 mode is more than 90%, and the working bandwidth is 22.5%; the maximum conversion efficiency of the TEM-TE11 mode is 98.6% (2.51 GHz) in the frequency range of 2.29GHz-2.88 GHz. The result shows that the device can complete high-efficiency conversion from a coaxial TEM mode to a circular waveguide TE11 mode in the working frequency range, and simultaneously realizes broadband.
Fig. 6 is an internal electric field amplitude distribution diagram of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As can be seen from the graph, when the input power P in =1w, the maximum electric field value E max =1530.2V/m inside the mode converter, the vacuum rf breakdown field strength E breakdown is 50kv/cm 2, and the power capacity P c =1.1gw of the device can be obtained by conversion according to the formula P in/Pc＝(Emax/Ebreakdown)2.
In summary, the high-power microwave mode converter of the present invention has the advantages of wide operating frequency band, high power capacity, easy processing, coaxial input port and output port, etc., and can be applied in high-power microwave systems.
Claims (5)
1. A broadband high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter is characterized in that: the device consists of a cascade connection of a section of input structure (I), a section of partition phase shift structure (II), a section of transition matching structure (III) and a section of output structure (IV); the input structure is a coaxial waveguide; the zonal phase shift structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle, the upper half part of the inner conductor is two semicircular tables with central symmetry, the lower half part of the inner conductor is a semi-cylinder, and a metal plate is inserted between the inner conductor and the outer conductor; the transition matching structure is a circular-angle coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor is a circular angle, and the inner conductor is a circular table; the output structure is a circular waveguide.
2. The wideband high power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer radius of the coaxial waveguide of the input structure is R 1, the inner radius is R 2, and the conditions are satisfied: 0< (R 1+R2)<c/πf0, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and f 0 is the operating frequency of the mode converter.
3. The wideband high power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heights of the outer conductor fillets of the partition phase shift structure and the transition matching structure are H 1.
4. The wideband high power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the upper bottom surface of the half round table at the upper half part of the inner conductor of the partition phase shift structure is R 3, and the height is H 2; the length of the metal plate inserted between the inner and outer conductors is L 1.
5. The wideband high power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the upper bottom surface of the inner conductor round table of the transition matching structure is R 4, and the height is H 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410356713.5A CN118017184A (en) | 2024-03-27 | 2024-03-27 | Broadband high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410356713.5A CN118017184A (en) | 2024-03-27 | 2024-03-27 | Broadband high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter |
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| CN118017184A true CN118017184A (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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| CN202410356713.5A Pending CN118017184A (en) | 2024-03-27 | 2024-03-27 | Broadband high-power microwave coaxial TEM-circular waveguide TE11 mode converter |
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