CN114628869B - High-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter - Google Patents
High-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN114628869B CN114628869B CN202210229227.8A CN202210229227A CN114628869B CN 114628869 B CN114628869 B CN 114628869B CN 202210229227 A CN202210229227 A CN 202210229227A CN 114628869 B CN114628869 B CN 114628869B
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves and discloses a high-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter which comprises a circular waveguide and a slotted step-shaped metal partition plate. The slotted ladder-type metal partition plate is formed by connecting five rectangular metal partition plates with different heights and widths end to end, is axially fixed and is in a ladder shape along the center of a circular waveguide, the height of the ladder is sequentially reduced along the input direction to the output direction, a rectangular groove is formed in the middle of the right side of the third rectangular metal partition plate, the bottom edge of the rectangular groove is flush with the top edge of the fourth rectangular metal partition plate, and furthermore, a metal plate on the upper right side of the rectangular groove is subjected to corner cutting. The invention realizes the high-efficiency conversion from the circular waveguide TM01 mode to the circular waveguide TE11 mode, and can obviously improve the matching performance and expand the working bandwidth through the size design of the notch and the chamfer of the stepped metal partition plate. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, large power capacity, high conversion efficiency, wide working frequency band, easy system integration and the like, and can be widely applied to high-power microwave transmission and radiation systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwave mode converters, and particularly relates to a circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter with coaxial input port and output port centers.
Background
The high-power microwave refers to strong electromagnetic pulse with the frequency of 300MHz-300GHz, the peak power of more than 100MW or the average power of more than 1 MW. In recent years, the rapid development of high-power microwave technology has greatly promoted the application of high-power microwave in military, industry, biomedicine and other fields. Since the output mode of most high-power microwave sources is a circular waveguide (or coaxial waveguide) rotational axis symmetry mode, the circular waveguide TM01 mode and the coaxial TEM mode are the most common, and the corresponding radiation direction thereof presents an annular far-field directional pattern with zero axial direction, which is not favorable for efficient and directional radiation of high-power microwaves. Therefore, in practical application, a high-power microwave mode converter is required to convert a rotational axis symmetry mode generated by a high-power microwave source into a circular waveguide TE11 mode with maximum axial radiation, and then the circular waveguide TE11 mode is radiated out efficiently through an antenna.
Researchers at home and abroad propose different types of mode converters to realize the mode conversion of the circular waveguides TM01-TE 11. Typical mode converters include a double-curved circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter, a triple-curved circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter, a patch-type circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter, and the like. The conversion efficiency of the double-bending circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter can reach 99.99%, but the input and output ports cannot be coaxial, the size is large, and the processing is difficult; the three-bend circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter realizes the coaxial input and output ports, but still has the problems of large volume and complex processing. Liu Qingxiang teaches and Yuan Chengwei doctor designs a plug-in plate type circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter (Liu Qingxiang, plug-in plate type coaxial microwave mode converter, patent No. ZL 200410022230.4) which firstly uses a cone structure at the front end of a coaxial waveguide inner conductor to transfer a circular waveguide TM01 mode to a coaxial waveguide TEM mode, and then two metal clapboards are inserted along the radial direction of the coaxial waveguide to divide the coaxial waveguide into two fan-shaped waveguides with an included angle of 180 degrees; then inserting two metal inserting plates with different lengths into the upper 180-degree fan-shaped waveguide and the lower 180-degree fan-shaped waveguide respectively to adjust the phase of the output modes of the upper 180-degree fan-shaped waveguide and the lower 180-degree fan-shaped waveguide, and then properly selecting the lengths of the two metal inserting plates to enable the phase difference of the output modes of the upper 180-degree fan-shaped waveguide and the lower 180-degree fan-shaped waveguide to be pi, so that a coaxial TE11 mode is formed in the coaxial waveguide; and finally, designing the tail end of the inner conductor of the coaxial waveguide into a cone structure to realize the conversion from the TE11 mode of the coaxial waveguide to the TE11 mode of the circular waveguide. The mode converter has high power capacity, and the centers of the input port and the output port are coaxial, but the mode converter has the advantages of complex structure, larger volume, difficult processing and high cost. Therefore, the circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter which is simple and compact in structure, coaxial in input port and output port centers and high in power capacity is designed, and important research value and application value are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter which can realize the high-efficiency conversion from a circular waveguide TM01 mode to a circular waveguide TE11 mode, has a simple and compact structure and has high power capacity.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter is characterized in that: comprises a circular waveguide and a slotted step-type metal partition plate; the circular waveguide is a hollow cylinder; the slotted step-type metal partition plate is axially fixed at the central position of the circular waveguide and consists of five rectangular metal partition plates which are sequentially connected end to end, a rectangular groove is formed in the middle of the right side of the third rectangular metal partition plate, the bottom edge of the rectangular groove is flush with the top edge of the fourth rectangular metal partition plate, and a metal plate above the right side of the rectangular groove is subjected to corner cutting; the rectangular metal partition plates are arranged in a step shape along the direction from the input port to the output port, and the step heights are sequentially reduced; the upper and lower edges of the first rectangular metal partition are connected with the inner wall of the circular waveguide, and the lower edges of the other four rectangular metal partitions are connected with the inner wall of the circular waveguide.
Further, the circular waveguide radius R in Satisfies the conditions
Only TE11 mode and TM01 mode can be transmitted, where c is the speed of light and f is the central operating frequency of the mode converter.
Further, the thickness of the slotted stepped metal partition is t.
Furthermore, the rectangular groove is positioned in the middle of the right side of the third rectangular metal partition plate, the bottom edge of the rectangular groove is flush with the top edge of the fourth rectangular metal partition plate, the height of the rectangular groove is h, the depth of the rectangular groove is d, and the width of the rectangular groove is equal to the thickness of the grooved stepped metal partition plate; the metal plate at the upper right of the rectangular groove is provided with symmetrical cutting angles, and the cutting angle distance is w.
Further, in the direction from the input port to the output port, the heights of the five rectangular metal partitions are H1, H2, H3, H4, and H5, and the widths of the five rectangular metal partitions are L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5, respectively.
Furthermore, an input port of the high-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter is connected with an output port of the high-power microwave source, and the high-power microwave passes through the mode converter and then outputs a circular waveguide TE11 mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) Simple structure and good compactness. In the circular waveguide, mode high-efficiency conversion can be realized by simply inserting a slotted step-shaped metal partition plate, and the circular waveguide is simple in structure, easy to process and low in cost; the invention has the advantages that the radial size is only 0.88 waveguide wavelength, the axial length is only 1.54 waveguide wavelength, and the structure is compact.
2) The conversion efficiency is high, the power capacity is high, the centers of the input port and the output port are coaxial, and the high-power microwave system is easy to integrate.
3) By reasonably setting the height, width and thickness of the five rectangular metal clapboards, the invention can efficiently convert the circular waveguide TM01 mode into the circular waveguide TE11 mode, and can remarkably improve the matching performance of the mode converter by setting the groove depth, the groove height and the corner cutting distance, thereby expanding the working bandwidth with the conversion efficiency of more than 90%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a parameter set schematic of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a mode conversion process of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the transmission coefficient of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the conversion efficiency of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an internal electric field distribution diagram of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-circular waveguide, 2-grooved stepped metal partition plates, 3-rectangular grooves and 4-symmetrical cut angles.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention designs a high-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter which consists of a circular waveguide 1 and a slotted step-shaped metal partition plate 2. A circular waveguide TM01 mode generated by upstream devices such as a relativistic backward wave tube and the like is injected into the circular waveguide 1, and then the conversion of the circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode is realized through the action of the slotted step-shaped metal partition plate 2.
The circular waveguide 1 is a hollow cylinder, the input port is connected with the output port of the upstream high-power microwave source, and the radius R of the circular waveguide in Satisfy the requirement of
Where c is the speed of light and f is the central operating frequency of the mode converter, f =8.4GHz, so R in =15.7mm, the circular waveguide 1 can transmit only the TE11 mode and the TM01 mode, suppressing transmission of other higher-order modes.
The thickness of the slotted step-type metal partition plate 2 is 3.96mm, the slotted step-type metal partition plate is axially fixed at the central position of the circular waveguide 1 and consists of five rectangular metal partition plates which are sequentially connected, the upper edge and the lower edge of the first rectangular metal partition plate 21 are connected with the inner wall of the circular waveguide 1, and the lower edges of the other four rectangular metal partition plates are connected with the inner wall of the circular waveguide 1. The five rectangular metal clapboards are arranged in a step shape along the direction from the input port to the output port, and the step heights are sequentially reduced. Meanwhile, in order to improve the matching performance of the mode converter and further expand the working bandwidth of the conversion efficiency at more than 90%, a rectangular groove 3 is dug in the middle of the right side of a third rectangular metal partition plate 23 of the slotted stepped metal partition plate 2, the bottom edge of the rectangular groove 3 is flush with the top edge of a fourth rectangular metal partition plate 24, the groove height h is 1.300mm, the groove depth d is 3.484mm, the groove width is the same as the thickness of the slotted stepped metal partition plate 2, furthermore, a symmetrical chamfer 4 is arranged on the upper right metal plate of the rectangular groove 3, and the chamfer distance w is 2.508mm.
As shown in fig. 2, in a direction from the input port to the output port, the heights of the five rectangular metal partitions are H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5, respectively, and H1=0.88 λ, H2=0.61 λ, H3=0.52 λ, H4=0.38 λ and H5=0.23 λ, and the widths of the five rectangular metal partitions are L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5, respectively, and L1=0.21 λ, L2=0.27 λ, L3=0.29 λ, L4=0.22 λ and L5=0.12 λ, where λ is a length of a radiated wave.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a mode conversion process of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. A port 1 inputs a circular waveguide TM01 mode signal, an electric field is perpendicular to two sides of a slotted stepped metal partition plate 2 according to the boundary condition of an ideal conductor, and the circular waveguide TM01 mode is equally divided into two sector waveguide TE11y modes by the slotted stepped metal partition plate 2. With the reduction of the height of the rectangular metal partition plate, the electric field above the slotted step-shaped metal partition plate 2 becomes stronger, namely the TE11x mode is enhanced, the TE11y mode is gradually weakened, and finally the TE11y mode is completely converted into the TE11x mode at the port 2, so that the conversion of the TM01-TE11x mode is realized.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the transmission coefficient of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 4, the port 1 of the circular waveguide 1 inputs the TM01 mode (mode 3), and the port 2 of the circular waveguide 1 outputs three modes, where the modes 1 and 2 are degenerate modes, the mode 1 is the TE11y mode, the mode 2 is the TE11x mode, and the mode 3 is the TM01 mode. In the frequency band range of 8.0-9.0GHz, the output mode is mainly TE11x mode, and the transmission coefficient of TE11y mode is below-35 dB; within the frequency band range of 8.20-8.79GHz, the transmission coefficient of the TM01 mode is below-10 dB; at the central frequency point of 8.4GHz, the transmission coefficient of the TE11x mode is close to 0dB, which indicates that the output mode of the mode converter is the TE11x mode, and the mode purity is higher near the central frequency point.
Fig. 5 is a reflection coefficient graph of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, in the frequency band range of 8.26-9.00GHz, the reflection coefficients are all less than-10dB, and the reflection coefficient at 8.4GHz is less than-20 dB, which shows that the matching performance of the mode converter is good.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the conversion efficiency of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As can be seen, the output mode of the mode converter of the present invention is TE11x mode, the maximum conversion efficiency is 98.77%, and the frequency range of the conversion efficiency exceeding 90% is 8.29-8.76GHz (470 MHz). In the frequency band range of 8.29-8.76GHz, the components of the TE11y mode and the TM01 mode of the output circular waveguide are both less than 10%, and at the central frequency point of 8.4GHz, the components of the TE11y mode and the TM01 mode of the output circular waveguide are both close to 0%, so that the mode converter is high in output mode purity.
Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an internal electric field distribution of the high power microwave mode converter of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the maximum electric field value inside the mode converter of the present invention is 2423.49V/m, based onKilparick formula f =1.643E 2 e -8.5/E The breakdown field strength is calculated to be 75MV/m and then
The power capability of the modal converter can be obtained at 958MW, where E b To breakdown field strength, E r The internal actual field strength. Thus, the mode converter of the present invention has a high power capacity.
In summary, the high-power microwave mode converter of the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high conversion efficiency, high power capacity, wide working frequency band, easy system integration, etc., and can be widely applied to high-power microwave transmission and radiation systems.
Claims (6)
1. A high-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter is characterized in that: comprises a circular waveguide and a slotted step-type metal partition plate; the circular waveguide is a hollow cylinder; the slotted step-type metal partition plate is axially fixed at the central position of the circular waveguide and consists of five rectangular metal partition plates which are sequentially connected end to end, a rectangular groove is formed in the middle of the right side of the third rectangular metal partition plate, the bottom edge of the rectangular groove is flush with the top edge of the fourth rectangular metal partition plate, and a metal plate above the right side of the rectangular groove is subjected to corner cutting; the rectangular metal partition plates are arranged in a step shape along the direction from the input port to the output port, and the step heights are sequentially reduced; the upper and lower edges of the first rectangular metal partition are connected with the inner wall of the circular waveguide, and the lower edges of the other four rectangular metal partitions are connected with the inner wall of the circular waveguide.
2. The high power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: radius R of the circular waveguide in Satisfies the conditions
Only TE11 mode and TM01 mode can be transmitted, where c is the speed of light and f is the central operating frequency of the mode converter.
3. The high power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the slotted step type metal partition is t.
4. The high power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rectangular groove is positioned in the middle of the right side of the third rectangular metal partition plate, the bottom edge of the rectangular groove is flush with the top edge of the fourth rectangular metal partition plate, the height of the rectangular groove is h, the depth of the rectangular groove is d, and the width of the rectangular groove is equal to the thickness of the grooved stepped metal partition plate; the metal plate at the upper right of the rectangular groove is provided with symmetrical cutting angles, and the cutting angle distance is w.
5. The high power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the direction from the input port to the output port, the heights of the five rectangular metal partition plates are respectively H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5, and the widths of the five rectangular metal partition plates are respectively L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5.
6. The high power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter according to claim 1, wherein: the input port of the high-power microwave circular waveguide TM01-TE11 mode converter is connected with the output port of the high-power microwave source, and the high-power microwave passes through the mode converter and then is output into a circular waveguide TE11 mode.
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| CN108808200A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-13 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | A kind of waveguide power synthesizer and power combining methods |
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| JPH06204701A (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-07-22 | Sony Corp | Polarizer and waveguide-microstrip line converter |
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| JP3899256B2 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2007-03-28 | シャープ株式会社 | Converter for circular polarization reception of antenna for satellite broadcasting |
| CN100459280C (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2009-02-04 | 西南交通大学 | Plate inserted coaxial micro-wave mode converter |
| CN108281794B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-10-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Dual polarization open waveguide antenna based on step-like four ridges transition |
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| CN108808200A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-13 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | A kind of waveguide power synthesizer and power combining methods |
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