CN1180031C - Degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch and its preparing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses degradable plant fibre starch tableware and a making method thereof. Straws or rice hull powder, starch, calcined gypsum, earth, polyvinyl alcohol and lime powder are used raw materials. The present invention comprises the steps that firstly, the starch and a polyvinyl alcohol water solution are evenly mixed, are added with slaked lime, are evenly stirred, are placed for use; secondly, the straws or the rice hull powder, the calcined gypsum and the earth are taken out, are proportionally and evenly mixed for use; thirdly, both are evenly mixed, are pressed and are kneaded into dough, so a tableware forming material is obtained and is placed for use; fourthly, the tableware forming material quantitatively obtained is sent in high temperature punch forming equipment and is formed at high temperature and high pressure; fifthly, a polyester solution and a polyvinylidene chloride emulsion are respectively and evenly coated on inner surface layers and outer surface layers of tableware and kitchenware and are dried at high temperature. The present invention has no pollution, and a product is nontoxic and tasteless, is quickly decomposed in the soil and can be widely applied to fast food boxes, bowls, cups and frozen food pallets in supermarkets.

Description

Degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to food packing container, more specifically relate to a kind of made from plant fiber starch disposable degradable tableware, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of this food packing container.

Background technology

Existing disposable food packing container and production method thereof mainly relate to the needs of food mess-tin, also relate to cake box and food box etc., though the foam plastic product in this based article has the non-leakage and on-deformable characteristics of boiling water, but its non-degradable causes inevitable pollution to environment.In order to address this problem, existing technical scheme roughly has five kinds: 1, cardboard is coated with model (containing cardboard lining PE moulding type); 2, paper mould type; 3, moulding of plant fibres type; 4, food starch moulding type; 5, light/biological degradation moulding type.There are some problems in said products and molding production method in application at present, for example, manufacturers reaches required standard (as the requirement of anti-100 ℃ of hot water, deep fat) in order to make goods, in means that production process is taked or embed nondegradable PE plastic film or water-proof material such as artificial brushing benzene-Class C latex or increase that electrostatic spraying apparatus comes spray paint or the waterproof that can not high-fallly separate drops in the molding prescription or the like.The shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art master's case is: the one, and, folding waterproof membrane or the water-proofing powder of using can not be degraded or can not high-fallly be separated; The 2nd,, increased and be coated with membrane process, increased cost of labor and labour intensity; The 3rd,, increased expensive drying plant or spraying equipment; The 4th,, increased the energy consumption of equipment; Though the degradable that has in addition, thermostability is bad etc.For example: Chinese patent application number: 00125383.2, name is called " degradable disposable dinner (beverage) containers of plant fibre and production technique thereof ", its functional agent has amino film molding powder, this kind material is as the shortcoming of waterproof and thermo-stabilizer, can not high-fallly separate, its Instructions Page 3 has been pointed out its waste of goods just " major part can be the microbiological deterioration in the soil "; Though its molding production method is not filmed or film carrier and stoving process process and relevant device, (this is undoubtedly a kind of technical progress), but in this technological process, the water yield that adds during raw material mixes is few, the gelatinization mixing process of not heating, influence raw material uniformity coefficient and caking ability like this, finally influence finished product smooth finish and physical strength.And for example, Chinese patent application number is 98101678.2, name is called " a kind of biodegradable material and preparation method thereof ", its functional agent wherein is the product after urine, amine, methyl alcohol modification, as propylene glycol etc., though this class material as plasticising water-resisting agent degradable,, this auxiliary agent belongs to non-thermo-stabilizer, and product is easy to leak and distortion under the boiling water situation.For another example, Chinese patent application number is 99120119.1, name is called " production method of full-degradable plant starch disposable food or beverage container ", the water-resisting agent of its functional agent is a kind of in rosin milk, wax emulsion, organosilicon and the organofluorine compound, and be that liquid making coatings uses, exist shortcoming to be, though can degrade, but its processing method comprises spraying and stoving process, has increased cost undoubtedly.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch, this tableware is nonpoisonous and tasteless, and is pollution-free, color and luster nature, quick and complete decomposition in soil.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing degradable dinner set, with the food packing container that this method is produced, and cold-resistant hot water, oil resistant, cold-resistant, two years never degenerated.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:

The present invention selects for use straw or rice hull cellulose element as major ingredient, and treated starch is as tackiness agent.Straw or rice hull cellulose are cheap, but after treated starch is adhesion-molded, its density deficiency, easy to leak.In order to increase the density of tableware, reduce seepage, strengthen the feel of tableware, when batching, select for use fine and closely woven kaolin as strengthening agent.After straw or rice husk were pulverized, it was darker to strive the pool, in order to remedy this defective, selects for use the plaster of Paris as whitening agent.Consider price factor, mainly select for use flour as tackiness agent.Flour as tackiness agent, is feasible without modification in actually operating, but not modified wheat flour as tackiness agent, when high-temperature molding, easier gelatinization and blackening, very big to the influence of tableware color; Handle and by lime flour is carried out gentle alkali modification, when high-temperature molding, flour is difficult for the gelatinization blackening, and is very helpful to the color of tableware.The simple kaolin that uses is as strengthening agent, and tableware fragility is very big, and intensity is limited.This drawback for a change, the present invention is when batching, the an amount of degradable polyethylene alcoholic solution that adds is when the moulding of tableware high-temperature pressurizing, the area and the probability of straw or powdered rice hulls adhesion have been increased, thereby strengthened tableware intensity, also strengthened the snappiness of tableware, tableware is after the high-temperature pressurizing moulding, only depend on strengthening agent can not prevent seepage fully, must apply permeability-reducing admixture at the tableware ectonexine.

Batching of the present invention is formed and is comprised (weight percent):

Straw or powdered rice hulls 20-24

Starch 15-17

Plaster of Paris 15-17

Kaolin 6-7.5

Polyvinyl alcohol 1.9-2.2

Lime powder 0.1-0.3

Water 33-42

Its step is as follows:

(1) earlier with starch and the abundant mixing of quantitative polyvinyl alcohol water solution, add a certain amount of lime powder, stir, at ambient temperature, place a moment, standby.

(2) get straw or powdered rice hulls, the plaster of Paris, kaolin mixes in proportion, and is standby.

(3) both mix with (1), (2), and fully kneadding, and making is to become the dough shape, tableware moulding batching, room temperature is placed, and is standby.

(4) quantitatively obtain tableware moulding batching, send in the high temperature punching press disposable tableware molding device, temperature is controlled at 200-220 ℃, and pressure is 5-6 kilogram/cm ², molding time is 60-80 second, at the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions compacted under, overflows until dry-steam, gets the disposable degradable tableware blank.

(5) disposable degradable tableware young bird tool inner and outer surface layers is evenly applied polyester solution and polyvinylidene dichloride emulsion respectively, oven dry at high temperature, temperature is controlled at 90-98 ℃, gets the disposable degradable tableware finished product.

Disposable degradable tableware of the present invention has following advantage:

(1) because to adopt agricultural wastes such as straw or rice husk be main raw material, selecting agricultural-food such as flour for use is tackiness agent.Therefore, raw materials cost is cheap.

(2) owing to the employing one-shot forming production technology, so technical process is shorter, and equipment is simple, has both saved energy consumption, has reduced facility investment again, and has improved production efficiency.

(3) the present invention is owing to adopt once through moulding technology, and production itself does not produce pollution, does not have the corner coating in the moulding process again twice, has saved raw materials cost.

(4) this food packing container can be high temperature resistant, cold resistant, waterproof, grease proofing, tableware appearance spraying polyvinylidene dichloride emulsion after the drying, also forms layer protecting film.When this film both can prevent that wet hand from using tableware, the tableware appearance produced sticking feel, can suitably strengthen the even bearing of tableware again, can be widely used in mess-tin, bowl, cup and supermarket refrigerated food pallet.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 20

Starch 15

The plaster of Paris 15

Kaolin 6

Polyvinyl alcohol 1.9

Lime powder 0.1

Water 42

Its step is as follows:

1, the preparation of polyvinyl alcohol solution

Get 24 gram soluble poly vinyl alcohols (molecular weight 3500 dalton), add 500 ml waters, the water-bath dissolving.

2, the preparation of treated starch

Take by weighing starch 200 grams, add the 12 gram plaster of Paris, behind the mixing, add polyvinyl alcohol solution, stir.

3, the outfit of major ingredient and auxiliary material

Straw or rice husk are pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves, take by weighing 288 grams; The plaster of Paris (100 order fineness) 208 grams; Kaolin (1000 order fineness) 88 grams; The abundant mixing of three, standby.

4, tableware shaping raw material preparation

Both mix with (2) and (3), and fully kneadding gets the face dough, and is standby.

5, tableware moulding

Dining set molding device mould temperature is transferred to 200-220 ℃ of scope, and pressure transfers to 5-6 kg/cm 2, and moulding is set at 70 seconds, according to tableware shape and size, quantitatively the tableware shaping raw material is sent in the molding device mould, and moulding gets the tableware blank.

6, the antiseepage of tableware blank surfaces externally and internally is handled

Tableware blank inner and outer surface layers is applied polyester solution and polyvinylidene dichloride emulsion respectively, and flash baking under 95 ℃ of conditions gets finished product.

Embodiment 2:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 22

Starch 16

The plaster of Paris 16

Kaolin 6.6

Polyvinyl alcohol 2.2

Lime powder 0.2

Water 37

Step is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 23

Starch 16.5

The plaster of Paris 16.5

Kaolin 6.9

Polyvinyl alcohol 2

Lime powder 0.1

Water 35

Step is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 24

Starch 17

The plaster of Paris 17

Kaolin 7

Polyvinyl alcohol 1.9

Lime powder 0.1

Water 33

Step is identical with embodiment 1.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch is characterized in that:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 20-24

Starch 15-17

Plaster of Paris 15-17

Kaolin 6-7.5

Polyvinyl alcohol 1.9-2.2

Lime powder 0.1-0.3

Water 33-42.

2, a kind of degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 20

Starch 15

The plaster of Paris 15

Kaolin 6

Polyvinyl alcohol 1.9

Lime powder 0.1

Water 42.

3, a kind of degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 22

Starch 16

The plaster of Paris 16

Kaolin 6.6

Polyvinyl alcohol 2.2

Lime powder 0.2

Water 37.

4, a kind of degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 23

Starch 16.5

The plaster of Paris 16.5

Kaolin 6.9

Polyvinyl alcohol 2

Lime powder 0.1

Water 35.

5, a kind of degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Raw material weight per-cent

Straw or powdered rice hulls 24

Starch 17

The plaster of Paris 17

Kaolin 7

Polyvinyl alcohol 1.9

Lime powder 0.1

Water 33.

6, a kind of preparation method who realizes the described a kind of degradable dishware made from plant fiber starch of claim 1 comprises the following steps:

A, with starch and quantitative polyvinyl alcohol water solution mixing, add a certain amount of lime powder, stir, at ambient temperature, place standby;

B, get straw or powdered rice hulls, the plaster of Paris, kaolin mixes in proportion, and is standby;

C, both mix with above-mentioned A, B, and kneadding becomes the dough shape, tableware moulding batching, room temperature is placed, and is standby;

D, quantitatively obtain tableware moulding batching, send in the high temperature punching press disposable tableware molding device, temperature is controlled at 200-220 ℃, and pressure is 5-6 kilogram/cm ², molding time is 60-80 second, at the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions compacted under, overflows until dry-steam, gets the disposable degradable tableware blank;

E, the young tool inner and outer surface layers of disposable degradable tableware is evenly applied polyester solution and polyvinylidene dichloride emulsion respectively, oven dry at high temperature, temperature is controlled at 90-98 ℃, the disposable degradable tableware finished product.