CN117987193A - 膨润土润滑脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
膨润土润滑脂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117987193A CN117987193A CN202211315935.XA CN202211315935A CN117987193A CN 117987193 A CN117987193 A CN 117987193A CN 202211315935 A CN202211315935 A CN 202211315935A CN 117987193 A CN117987193 A CN 117987193A
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- bentonite
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- branched alkyl
- grease
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- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- OWQPOVKKUWUEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzotriazine Chemical group N1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 OWQPOVKKUWUEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- DMSSTTLDFWKBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N=NNC2=C1 DMSSTTLDFWKBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SAIKULLUBZKPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bis(2-ethylhexyl) amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CNCC(CC)CCCC SAIKULLUBZKPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LAWOZCWGWDVVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCC LAWOZCWGWDVVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXSXRABJBXYMFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCNCCCCCC PXSXRABJBXYMFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 methyl-substituted benzotriazinone Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 33
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- WJUMWVJBOZKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(6-methylheptyl)-N-phenylaniline Chemical compound C(CCCCC(C)C)C=1C(=C(C=CC1)NC1=CC=CC=C1)CCCCCC(C)C WJUMWVJBOZKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100407037 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica PAO6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAPVYZRWKDXNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N P,P-Dioctyldiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCC)C=C1 QAPVYZRWKDXNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150092791 PAO4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012844 infrared spectroscopy analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001757 thermogravimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D253/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D251/00
- C07D253/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D251/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
- C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M2215/222—Triazines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出了一种膨润土润滑脂及其制备方法。本发明的膨润土润滑脂,以润滑脂总重量为基准,包括0.1%~10%的添加剂、6%~25%的有机膨润土、70%~90%的润滑基础油,所述添加剂包括金属减活剂和抗氧剂,所述金属减活剂为苯并三嗪类衍生物,其结构如式(I)所示:其中的R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C20的直链或支链烷基,R3选自H、C1~C10的直链或支链烷基、卤素、R4COO‑、被卤素或R4COO‑取代的C1~C10的直链或支链烷基,所述的R4选自C1~C10的直链或支链烷基。本发明的膨润土润滑脂具有优良的防腐蚀性能、抗磨性能和抗氧化性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑脂领域,尤其涉及一种膨润土润滑脂。
背景技术
润滑脂是机械设备正常运转及材料制造加工过程中必要的工作介质。膨润土润滑脂是以有机改性膨润土稠化润滑基础油而得到的一类重要的非皂基高温润滑脂。膨润土润滑脂由于具有高滴点甚至无滴点、制备过程相对简单甚至不需要加热、成本较低等特点,广泛应用于飞机、汽车、冶金设备、重负荷设备的润滑。
1943年,Jordan首次制备出膨润土润滑脂。近年来国内外学者对膨润土润滑脂进行了大量的研究。CN1197107A采用聚α-烯烃为基础油,苯基-β-萘胺和二异辛基二苯胺为抗氧剂并加入防锈剂、极压剂、分散剂制备了一种航空用膨润土润滑脂,该脂具有较好的抗氧性、极压性、与橡胶件的相容性; CN101240208A通过对工艺的改进,将膨润土悬浮液加热至90~100℃,加入磷酸对膨润土进行酸化,加入覆盖剂、防锈剂,并补加一定量的湿润剂,制得的膨润土润滑脂在稠化能力和防锈性能上得到了改善。
有机膨润土润滑脂虽然在高温性能方面有其独特的优势,但是也存在添加剂感受性差的问题,影响了其抗磨、防腐等性能的发挥。因此,膨润土润滑脂仍具有较大的提升空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决以上问题,提出了一种兼具优良防腐蚀性能、抗磨性能和抗氧化性能的膨润土润滑脂及其制备方法。
本发明的膨润土润滑脂,以润滑脂总重量为基准,包括0.1%~10%的添加剂、6%~25%的有机膨润土、70%~90%的润滑基础油,所述添加剂包括金属减活剂和抗氧剂,所述金属减活剂为苯并三嗪类衍生物,其结构如式(I)所示:
其中的R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C20的直链或支链烷基,R3选自H、C1~C10的直链或支链烷基、卤素、R4COO-、被卤素或R4COO-取代的C1~C10的直链或支链烷基,所述的R4选自C1~C10的直链或支链烷基。
根据本发明,优选地,R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C10的直链或支链烷基, R3选自H、C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、卤素。
根据本发明,所述苯并三嗪类衍生物可以为以下化合物中的一种或多种:
根据本发明,所述苯并三嗪类衍生物的制备方法包括:使式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2反应,收集产物;
所述的R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C20的直链或支链烷基,R3选自H、C1~C10的直链或支链烷基、卤素、R4COO-、被卤素或R4COO-取代的C1~C10的直链或支链烷基,所述的R4选自C1~C10的直链或支链烷基。
根据本发明,优选地,R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C10的直链或支链烷基, R3选自H、C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、卤素。
根据本发明,可选地,式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2之间的摩尔比为(0.9~1.0):(1.0~1.3):(1.1~1.4)。
根据本发明,可选地,式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2发生反应的温度为50~100℃,优选为60~90℃,反应的时间为6~48h,优选为12~24h。
根据本发明,式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2发生反应的反应式为:
根据本发明,所述式(α)所示化合物可以选用苯并三嗪酮、甲基取代的苯并三嗪酮和乙基取代的苯并三嗪酮中的一种或多种,所述R1NHR2可以选用二正丁胺、二正己胺、二正辛胺和二异辛胺中的一种或多种。
根据本发明,可选地,式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2在惰性气体存在下反应,所述惰性气体可以为氮气、氩气。
根据本发明,可选地,在式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2的反应中加入溶剂,所述溶剂优选质子性溶剂,例如可以选用甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇和异丁醇中的一种或多种,所述溶剂的加入量并没有特别的限定,可以为式(α)所示化合物质量的50%~500%。在反应结束之后,所述溶剂可以通过本领域常规的方法例如减压蒸馏方法除去。
根据本发明,在式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2的反应结束后,可以对反应产物进行提纯处理,提纯处理的方法包括水洗、蒸馏、过滤、干燥和重结晶方法中的一种或多种,并没有特别的限定。
根据本发明,所述苯并三嗪类衍生物的制备方法简单,反应条件温和,不需要加入催化剂,副反应少,产率高,安全环保。
根据本发明,所述苯并三嗪类衍生物具有优良的热稳定性、油溶性、铜片腐蚀抑制性能和抗氧化性能。
根据本发明,所述抗氧剂可以选用芳胺型抗氧剂和/或屏蔽酚型抗氧剂,例如可以选用二异辛基二苯胺、N-苯基-α-萘胺、2,6-二叔丁基对甲苯酚和2,6-二叔丁基苯酚中的一种或多种,常见的商品牌号包括Vanlube 81、T531、T501、RC 7120等。
根据本发明,所述有机膨润土可以使用商业产品,也可以采用现有技术中的方法制备,例如,可以先将膨润土改性为钠型膨润土,然后加入覆盖剂,经过充分反应,使其完全附着在膨润土晶粒结构的端面,然后经过过滤、洗涤、干燥、粉碎,得到有机膨润土。
根据本发明,所述的润滑基础油可以是矿物油、植物油、酯类油和聚α-烯烃中的一种或多种,其100℃运动黏度优选为5~60mm2/s,更优选为6~30mm2/s。
根据本发明,优选地,以润滑脂总重量为基准,所述膨润土润滑脂包括 0.3%~5%的添加剂、10%~20%的有机膨润土、75%~85%的润滑基础油。其中所述金属减活剂和抗氧剂之间的质量比优选为1:0.5~2。
在本发明的膨润土润滑脂中还可以加入其它种类的添加剂,其用量可以遵从现有技术,并没有特别的限定。
根据本发明,所述膨润土润滑脂的制备方法为:将所述的润滑基础油、有机膨润土混合,搅拌均匀,然后加入助分散剂,升温至95~130℃,保持10~20min;加入所述的添加剂,搅拌均匀,研磨成脂。
根据本发明,所述助分散剂为C1~C5的醇(一元醇或多元醇)、C1~C5的酮和C1~C5的酯中的一种或多种,优选为甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、丙三醇、季戊四醇、丙酮和碳酸丙烯酯中的一种或多种。
本发明的膨润土润滑脂具有优良的防腐蚀性能、抗磨性能和抗氧化性能,能够胜任对于高温、高速、高负荷、多水等工况条件有苛刻要求的场合。
附图说明
附图1为实施例1制备的苯并三嗪类衍生物的热失重谱图。
附图2为实施例1制备的苯并三嗪类衍生物的红外光谱。
附图3为实施例1制备的苯并三嗪类衍生物的核磁氢谱。
附图4为实施例1制备的苯并三嗪类衍生物的分子结构图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步详述。但本发明并不限于此。除另加说明外,所有的比例、份数均以质量计算。
所用主要原料如下:
苯并三嗪酮,分析纯,购自伊诺凯试剂公司;
甲醛水溶液,其中甲醛的质量浓度为37%,购自伊诺凯试剂公司;
二正辛胺,分析纯,购自伊诺凯试剂公司;
二异辛胺,分析纯,购自伊诺凯试剂公司;
二正己胺,分析纯,购自伊诺凯试剂公司;
二正丁胺,分析纯,购自伊诺凯试剂公司;
甲醇,化学纯,购自伊诺凯试剂公司;
所采用的一些物性检测方法如下:
密度按照NB/SH/T 0870-2020方法进行分析测定;
运动黏度按照GB/T 265进行分析测定;
总碱值按照SH/T 0251进行分析测定;
氮含量按照SH/T 0656进行分析测定;
水分按照GB/T 11133进行分析测定。
实施例1
在烘干的装配有冷凝管的三口烧瓶中加入10.0g苯并三嗪酮、18.0g二正辛胺。向反应瓶中通入氮气,置换瓶内空气。将温度升温至70℃,向反应瓶中滴加6.6g甲醛质量浓度为37%的甲醛水溶液,滴加完毕后,加入30mL甲醇作反应溶剂,在70℃回流状态下反应12h。停止反应后,将反应瓶冷却至室温,在真空度为0.08~0.09Mpa条件下减压蒸馏得到红棕色液体,冷却至室温后,进行抽滤,得到的滤液即为本发明的苯并三嗪类衍生物,红棕色液体,密度为 923.1kg/m3,100℃运动黏度为5.431mm2/s,总碱值为142.8mKOH/g,氮含量为24.13%,水分为0.078%。
实施例1的苯并三嗪类衍生物的结构为
实施例2
在烘干的装配有冷凝管的三口烧瓶中加入10.0g苯并三嗪酮、18.0g二异辛胺。向反应瓶中通入氮气,置换瓶内空气。将温度升温至70℃,向反应瓶中滴加6.6g甲醛质量浓度为37%的甲醛水溶液,滴加完毕后,加入30mL甲醇作反应溶剂,在70℃回流状态下反应12h。停止反应后,将反应瓶冷却至室温,在真空度为0.08~0.09Mpa条件下减压蒸馏得到红棕色液体,冷却至室温后,进行抽滤,得到的滤液即为本发明的苯并三嗪类衍生物,红棕色液体,密度为 921.2kg/m3,100℃运动黏度为5.423mm2/s,总碱值为141.9mKOH/g,氮含量为24.58%,水分为0.075%。
实施例2的苯并三嗪类衍生物的结构为
实施例3
在烘干的装配有冷凝管的三口烧瓶中加入10.0苯并三嗪酮、13.85g二正己胺。向反应瓶中通入氮气,置换瓶内空气。将温度升温至70℃,向反应瓶中滴加6.6g甲醛质量浓度为37%的甲醛水溶液,滴加完毕后,加入30mL甲醇作反应溶剂,在70℃回流状态下反应12h。停止反应后,将反应瓶冷却至室温,在真空度为0.08~0.09Mpa条件下减压蒸馏得到红棕色液体,冷却至室温后,进行抽滤,得到的滤液即为本发明的苯并三嗪类衍生物,红棕色液体,密度为 920.1kg/m3,100℃运动黏度为5.428mm2/s,总碱值为143.2mKOH/g,氮含量为24.25%,水分为0.080%。
实施例3的苯并三嗪类衍生物的结构为
实施例4
在烘干的装配有冷凝管的三口烧瓶中加入10.0g苯并三嗪酮、9.66g二正丁胺。向反应瓶中通入氮气,置换瓶内空气。将温度升温至70℃,向反应瓶中滴加6.6g甲醛质量浓度为37%的甲醛水溶液,滴加完毕后,加入30mL甲醇作反应溶剂,在70℃回流状态下反应12h。停止反应后,将反应液冷却至室温,在真空度为0.08~0.09Mpa条件下减压蒸馏得到红棕色液体,冷却至室温后,进行抽滤,得到的滤液即为本发明的苯并三嗪类衍生物,红棕色液体,密度为 919.9kg/m3,100℃运动黏度为5.444mm2/s,总碱值为142.5mKOH/g,氮含量为24.06%,水分为0.079%。
实施例4的苯并三嗪类衍生物的结构为
将实施例1制备的苯并三嗪类衍生物进行了热失重、红外光谱、核磁图谱分析,热失重试验采用Q600同步热分析仪,试验条件为N2气氛,升温速率为 10℃/min,温度区间为室温-600℃;红外光谱试验采用Nicolet-560红外光谱仪,扫描次数为16次,分辨率为4;核磁试验采用Bruker AVANCEⅢ400MHZ核磁共振仪,1H NMR,室温操作。测定的热失重图谱见图1,红外光谱见图2,红外分析结果见表1,核磁氢谱见图3,产物的分子结构图见图4,核磁分析结果见表2。
表1产物红外光谱分析
表1说明产物存在苯环及饱和烷基链C-H伸缩振动峰,存在C=O,C=N, N=N,C-N的伸缩振动峰,可以表明合成产物为目标产物。
表2产物核磁氢谱分析结果
结合图3、图4和表2,可以说明核磁图谱中氢的个数和归属与目标产物完全一致,因此可以证明合成产物为目标产物,且产物纯度较高。
润滑脂实施例中主要添加剂和基础油的来源如下:
PAO4,埃克森美孚化工,工业品;
PAO10,埃克森美孚化工,工业品;
500N,台塑石化股份有限公司(中国台湾地区企业),工业品;
150BS,泰国进口,工业品;
二异辛基二苯胺,范德比尔特公司,工业品;
N-苯基-α-萘胺,阿拉丁试剂,试剂级;
硫化异丁烯,惠华石油添加剂有限公司,工业品;
氨基硫代酯,长沙望城石油化工有限公司,工业品;
苯并三氮唑,南京欧倍克精细化工有限责任公司,工业品;
有机膨润土F881C,杭州临安涂料助剂化工有限公司,工业品。
实施例I-1
原料组份:PAO6基础油820克(100℃粘度为5.9mm2/s);有机膨润土180g;二异辛基二苯胺5.02g,实施例1的苯并三嗪类衍生物5.12g,乙醇12g。
将上述PAO6基础油、有机膨润土混合,搅拌均匀,加入乙醇,快速搅拌,升温到120℃,保持10min,加入二异辛基二苯胺5.02g、实施例1的苯并三嗪类衍生物5.12g,搅拌均匀,通过三辊机研磨成脂。
实施例I-2
原料组份:500N基础油420克(100℃粘度为11mm2/s);有机膨润土81g;二异辛基二苯胺2.47g,实施例2的苯并三嗪类衍生物2.42g,丙酮8g。
将上述500N基础油、有机膨润土混合,搅拌均匀,加入丙酮,快速搅拌,升温到100℃,保持10min,加入二异辛基二苯胺2.47g、实施例2的苯并三嗪类衍生物2.42g,搅拌均匀,通过三辊机研磨成脂。
实施例I-3
原料组份:150BS基础油401克(100℃粘度为29.8mm2/s);有机膨润土 98g;N-苯基-α-萘胺2.55g,实施例3的苯并三嗪类衍生物2.66g,丙酮8g。
将上述150BS基础油、有机膨润土混合,搅拌均匀,加入丙酮,快速搅拌,升温到100℃,保持10min,加入N-苯基-α-萘胺2.55g、实施例3的苯并三嗪类衍生物2.66g,搅拌均匀,通过三辊机研磨成脂。
实施例I-4
原料组份:PAO10基础油794克(100℃粘度为11mm2/s);有机膨润土201g; N-苯基-α-萘胺5.12g,实施例4的苯并三嗪类衍生物5.07g,丙酮14g。
将上述PAO10基础油、有机膨润土混合,搅拌均匀,加入丙酮,快速搅拌,升温到100℃,保持10min,加入N-苯基-α-萘胺5.12g、实施例4的苯并三嗪类衍生物5.07g,搅拌均匀,通过三辊机研磨成脂。
对比例D-1
按照实施例I-1的方法制备润滑脂,区别在于使用苯并三氮唑替代所述的苯并三嗪类衍生物。
对制得的润滑脂进行了性能评定,评定项目、评定方法和评定结果见表3。
表3润滑脂性能评定
Claims (13)
1.膨润土润滑脂,以润滑脂总重量为基准,包括0.1%~10%的添加剂、6%~25%的有机膨润土、70%~90%的润滑基础油,所述添加剂包括金属减活剂和抗氧剂,所述金属减活剂为苯并三嗪类衍生物,其结构如式(I)所示:
其中的R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C20的直链或支链烷基,R3选自H、C1~C10的直链或支链烷基、卤素、R4COO-、被卤素或R4COO-取代的C1~C10的直链或支链烷基,所述的R4选自C1~C10的直链或支链烷基。
2.按照权利要求1所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C10的直链或支链烷基,R3选自H、C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、卤素。
3.按照权利要求1所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,所述苯并三嗪类衍生物为以下化合物中的一种或多种:
4.权利要求1~3之一所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,所述苯并三嗪类衍生物的制备方法包括:使式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2反应,收集产物;
所述的R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C20的直链或支链烷基,R3选自H、C1~C10的直链或支链烷基、卤素、R4COO-、被卤素或R4COO-取代的C1~C10的直链或支链烷基,所述的R4选自C1~C10的直链或支链烷基。
5.按照权利要求4所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,R1、R2各自独立地选自C4~C10的直链或支链烷基,R3选自H、C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、卤素。
6.按照权利要求4所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2之间的摩尔比为(0.9~1.0):(1.0~1.3):(1.1~1.4)。
7.按照权利要求4所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2发生反应的温度为50~100℃,反应的时间为6~48h。
8.按照权利要求4所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,所述式(α)所示化合物选自苯并三嗪酮、甲基取代的苯并三嗪酮和乙基取代的苯并三嗪酮中的一种或多种,所述R1NHR2选自二正丁胺、二正己胺、二正辛胺和二异辛胺中的一种或多种。
9.按照权利要求4所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2在惰性气体存在下反应。
10.按照权利要求4所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,在式(α)所示化合物与甲醛、R1NHR2的反应中加入溶剂,所述溶剂为质子性溶剂。
11.按照权利要求1~10之一所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂选自芳胺型抗氧剂和/或屏蔽酚型抗氧剂;所述的润滑基础油选自矿物油、植物油、酯类油和聚α-烯烃中的一种或多种。
12.按照权利要求1~10之一所述的膨润土润滑脂,其特征在于,以润滑脂总重量为基准,所述膨润土润滑脂包括0.5%~5%的添加剂、10%~20%的有机膨润土、75%~85%的润滑基础油。
13.权利要求1~12之一所述的膨润土润滑脂的制备方法为:将所述的润滑基础油、有机膨润土混合,搅拌均匀,然后加入助分散剂,升温至95~130℃,保持10~20min;加入所述的添加剂,搅拌均匀,研磨成脂。
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