CN117965147A - 一种耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及油田化学领域，公开了一种耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒的制备方法。其包括：1.将淀粉溶于水中，加热搅拌，得到糊化淀粉溶液；2.将丙烯酰胺，过硫酸铵依次溶于糊化淀粉，加热搅拌得到淀粉‑丙烯酰胺溶液；3.将十八胺溶于水中，加热搅拌，得到十八胺溶液；4.依次将十八胺溶液、N，N’‑亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、氯化铝加入到淀粉‑丙烯酰胺溶液中，得到预交联溶液；5.预交联溶液加热后成胶，烘干后粉碎过筛得到耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒。其溶胀后具有优异的高弹性和耐温耐盐性能，能够对高温高盐的油藏进行有效封堵，并能在一定时段后解构离散，实现解堵。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于油田化学领域，具体涉及一种耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒的制备方法。
背景技术
随着世界经济的发展，全球对原油的需求持续增长。然而，由于二次采油时水驱的长期使用，油田原有的裂缝通道积累了大量水，导致后续采油的含水量升高，如大庆等部分成熟油田的含水量已高达85%；由于水流会形成优势通道，进而使得低渗透率的原油难以被采出，形成死油；根据国际能源署的报道，在初次采油和二次采油后，全球只有55%的轻质原油与10%的重质原油被采出；同时，过量的生产水会造成设备腐蚀和管道结垢，也使得油田的开采成本上升。为提高油田的采收率和解决过量生产水，衍生出三次采油技术，即使用化学助剂调剖驱替。
研究显示，预制凝胶颗粒为目前广泛应用的调剖材料之一。预制凝胶颗粒由地面设施制备，然后根据不同现场需要，将凝胶粉碎成所需的颗粒尺寸。预制体膨凝胶颗粒的工作原理是，颗粒随着运移到地层深处，与地层水接触后缓慢膨胀，能够达到其干燥体积的十几倍，从而完成封堵。然而，常规预制凝胶颗粒在吸水后强度变低，使得封堵效果变差；另外，需要解堵时不能够离散或降解，从而打开地层通道。因此，需开发一种溶胀后力学性能良好及具有高弹性形变、地层下性能稳定且能够离散解堵的预制凝胶颗粒。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术存在的问题提出了一种耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒的制备方法。本发明的耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒具有原材料易得、弹性性能良好、耐盐耐温性能优良、封堵效果好、能够定时解堵等优点。
本发明的技术方案如下：
将土豆淀粉溶解到去离子水中，在55~65℃水浴中加热并搅拌，持续30min，得到糊化淀粉；将丙烯酰胺，过硫酸铵依次溶于糊化淀粉，在50~60℃水浴中加热并搅拌，持续5min，搅拌得到淀粉-丙烯酰胺溶液；将十八胺溶解到去离子水中，在80~95℃水浴中加热并搅拌，持续30min，得到十八胺溶液；将十八胺溶液、N-N’亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、氯化铝依次倒入淀粉-丙烯酰胺溶液中，并在50~60℃中水浴加热并搅拌，持续10min，得到混合溶液；将溶液封口，超声10min后，放入65~85℃水浴锅中加热2~4h得到凝胶；将胶体切块后，放入80~100℃烘箱中烘干至质量恒定，再将烘干后胶体，放入球磨机中粉碎过筛得到高弹性预制凝胶颗粒。
本发明的特点和有益效果如下：
1、本发明以淀粉、丙烯酰胺为主要原料，通过与N-N’亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、氯化铝的交联作用构成稳固的网络结构，得到一种适用于油藏温度最高130℃，地层水矿化度最高2.14×105mg/L的耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒。
2、本发明的体系是一种通过N-N’亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、氯化铝交联形成的凝胶颗粒。体系制备方式简单灵活，可根据不同需要制备出溶胀倍率可控的凝胶颗粒。
3、本发明的耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒具有一定时限后解堵的特性。
4、本发明制备工艺简单，成本低，对不同形状的井壁裂缝具有较好的适应性。
5、本发明采用有机交联与金属离子络合的交联方式，可提供较强的耐盐性能及稳定性，溶胀后具有优秀的弹性形变能力。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为本发明实施例1制备的预制体膨凝胶颗粒的溶胀倍率图；
图2为本发明实施例1制备的预制体膨凝胶颗粒的模量图；
图3为本发明实施例1制备的预制体膨凝胶颗粒的复数粘度图；
图4为本发明实施例1制备的预制体膨凝胶颗粒的封堵效果图。
Claims (4)
1.一种耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒，包括如下的原料组成：主剂、增强剂、引发剂、有机交联剂、无机交联剂和水；所述主剂为丙烯酰胺和土豆淀粉，所述增强剂为十八胺，所述引发剂为过硫酸铵，所述有机交联剂为N-N’亚甲基双丙烯酰胺，所述无机交联剂为氯化铝。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒，其特征在于，去离子水100g；所述丙烯酰胺单体和淀粉单体的质量比为1:4~2:1，优选质量比为1:2~2:1;所述主剂的质量为8~20g，优选质量为12~20g;所述增强剂的质量为0.8~4g，优选质量为2.4~4g;所述引发剂为0.05~0.4g，优选质量为0.05~0.2g;所述有机交联剂为0.05~0.4g，优选质量为0.05~0.2g;所述无机交联剂为0.4~1.2g，优选质量为0.6~0.8g。
3.一种权利要求1~2任一项所述的耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒的制备方法，包括如下步骤：将淀粉溶于水中，加热搅拌，得到糊化淀粉溶液；将丙烯酰胺，过硫酸铵依次溶于糊化淀粉，加热搅拌得到淀粉-丙烯酰胺溶液；将十八胺溶于水中，加热搅拌，得到十八胺溶液；依次将十八胺溶液、N，N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、氯化铝加入到淀粉-丙烯酰胺溶液中，得到预交联溶液；预交联溶液加热后成胶，烘干后粉碎过筛得到耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒。
4.根据权利要求3所述的耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法包括如下步骤：将土豆淀粉溶解到去离子水中，在55~65℃水浴中加热并搅拌，持续30min，得到糊化淀粉；将丙烯酰胺，过硫酸铵依次溶于糊化淀粉，在50~60℃水浴中加热并搅拌，持续5min，搅拌得到淀粉-丙烯酰胺溶液；将十八胺溶解到去离子水中，在80~95℃水浴中加热并搅拌，持续30min，得到十八胺溶液；将十八胺溶液、N，N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、氯化铝依次倒入淀粉-丙烯酰胺溶液中，并在50~60℃中水浴加热并搅拌，持续10min，得到混合溶液；将溶液封口，超声10min后，放入65~85℃水浴锅中加热2~4h得到凝胶；将胶体切块后，放入80~100℃烘箱中烘干至质量恒定，再将烘干后胶体，放入球磨机中粉碎过筛得到耐温耐盐预制体膨凝胶颗粒。
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