CN117957954A

CN117957954A - Strip minimum tillage seedbed servicing device

Info

Publication number: CN117957954A
Application number: CN202410315671.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶桂香; 张东明; 衣淑娟; 伞宇航; 李渤海; 徐世成
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2024-03-20
Filing date: 2024-03-20
Publication date: 2024-05-03

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a strip minimum tillage seedbed preparation device, which comprises a traction frame, a cross beam and a four-bar profiling mechanism, wherein a support frame is connected to the rear cross beam of the traction frame, the support frame is formed by fixing two support plates into a whole, press wheels are arranged at the lower parts of the outer sides of the front ends of the support plates at two sides, limit holes are symmetrically formed in the upper parts of the front ends of the support plates at two sides, connecting rods are arranged between the limit holes, the connecting rods are movably connected with one end of a connecting rod I, two sides of the other end of the connecting rod I are fixedly provided with connecting rods II, and a ditching disc is rotationally connected between the other ends of the connecting rods II at two sides; the two side supporting plates at the rear side of the ditching disc are provided with supporting bending plates, the other ends of the supporting bending plates are connected with straw cleaning discs, and subsoiling shovels and notch disc harrows are arranged behind the straw cleaning discs. The ditching depth of the ditching disc of the device is adjustable, so that the stubble can be cut off; the straw cleaning disc can pull out straws on the working belt to prevent blockage and create a clean seed bed; the row spacing of the device is adjustable between 45 cm and 80cm, so that the device can adapt to different agronomic requirements and ground conditions, and the applicability and flexibility of the device are enhanced.

Description

Strip minimum tillage seedbed servicing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a strip minimum tillage seedbed preparing device.

Background

In order to promote sustainable development of agriculture, at present, china actively promotes protective cultivation technology, and crop straws are covered on the ground surface by carrying out less and no-tillage on farmlands, so that water and soil loss can be reduced, and soil fertility can be improved. Because there is a large amount of straw on the earth's surface, can lead to the seeding machine to block up, consequently, need clear straw device to clear up the straw on the seedling area, prevent to take place to block up, like the strip tillage machine under the mode of returning to the field of a straw total amount collection of publication number CN 219205164U, name, though it also is equipped with clear straw device, but its structural design is unreasonable, it is weak to throwing and propelling movement effect of straw, can't in time clear up excessive interline straw, leads to straw cleaning efficiency low, easily causes the implement to block up, simultaneously, can not adjust to clear straw degree of depth. In addition, the conventional furrow opener and the notch disc harrow cannot adjust the depth and width of the cultivated land.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a strip minimum tillage seedbed preparing device for solving the defects in the prior art.

The invention relates to a strip minimum tillage seedbed preparation device, which comprises a traction frame, a cross beam and a four-bar profiling mechanism, wherein more than three support frames are respectively and movably connected on the rear cross beam of the traction frame through the four-bar profiling mechanism, the support frames are formed by fixing two support plates with the same specification into a whole through a plurality of connecting rods I, pressing wheels are respectively arranged at the lower parts outside the front ends of the support plates at two sides, a plurality of limiting holes are symmetrically formed at the upper parts of the front ends of the support plates at two sides, connecting rods are arranged between the limiting holes, the connecting rods are movably connected with one end of the connecting rod I, two sides of the other end of the connecting rod I are respectively and fixedly connected with a connecting rod II, and a ditching disc is rotationally connected between the other ends of the connecting rod II at two sides; support bending plates are movably mounted on support plates on two sides of the rear side of the ditching plate respectively, the other ends of the support bending plates are rotationally connected with a straw cleaning plate, springs are fixed on transverse plates of the support bending plates, and the other ends of the springs are mounted on the support frame; a subsoiling shovel and a notch disc harrow are arranged behind the straw cleaning disc.

As a further improvement of the invention, the straw cleaning disc is a concave disc, and notches are arranged on the periphery of the concave disc.

As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom surfaces of the protrusions of each group of straw cleaning discs are opposite, wherein the front inclination angle alpha of the single straw cleaning disc is 24-36 degrees, and the side inclination angle beta is 9-16 degrees.

As a further improvement of the invention, an extension frame is arranged at the rear end of the support frame, the extension frame is formed by fixing two extension plates with the same specification shape into a whole through a connecting rod II, a subsoiler depth adjusting rod is arranged between the rear ends of the two extension plates, and a subsoiler is fixed at the lower end of the subsoiler depth adjusting rod.

As a further improvement of the invention, the lower parts of the outer sides of the rear ends of the two support plates are respectively fixed with an adjusting device, the upper parts of the two support plates are fixed with vertical springs, the bottom ends of the vertical springs are fixed with one end of the adjusting device, and the other end of the adjusting device is provided with a notch disc harrow.

As a further improvement of the invention, the adjusting device is composed of an inverted U-shaped mounting frame, a connecting plate, a connecting column and a fixing plate, wherein the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped mounting frame is connected with the bottom end of a vertical spring, the connecting plate is arranged in the opening end of the inverted U-shaped mounting frame through a bolt, one end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the vertical connecting column, the fixing plate is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting column, the bottom end of the fixing plate is rotatably connected with the central shaft of the notch disc harrow, and a rotary handle is fixed on the outer wall of the upper end of the connecting column.

As a further improvement of the invention, a plurality of adjusting holes are symmetrically formed above the middle parts of the supporting plates at two sides, adjusting rods are arranged on the opposite adjusting holes at two sides through connecting rods, the two sides of the bottom end of each adjusting rod are fixedly connected with adjusting handles respectively, and one end of each adjusting handle is connected with the other end of each spring.

The strip minimum tillage seedbed preparing device has reasonable structural design, the ditching depth of the ditching disc is adjustable, and the stubble can be cut off; the design of the straw cleaning disc can pull out straws on the working belt, prevent blockage and create a clean seed bed, thereby solving the problems of low straw cleaning rate, poor stability of straw cleaning breadth and the like; the four-bar profiling mechanism ensures that the machine stably works on the ground; the row spacing of the device is adjustable between 45 cm and 80cm, the device is almost suitable for all crops with precision sowing, the whole structure of the device is compact, the dismounting is convenient, the weight is light, different agronomic requirements and ground condition conditions can be adapted by adjusting different limiting holes, and the applicability and the flexibility of the device are enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the adjustment device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the adjustment device of the present invention

FIG. 5 is a top view of a single body of the present invention;

fig. 6 to 7 are schematic views of different angles of the straw cleaning disc.

Description of the embodiments

The invention relates to a strip minimum tillage seedbed preparing device, which comprises a traction frame 1, a cross beam 22 and a four-bar profiling mechanism 2, wherein the device is connected with a tractor suspension bracket in a hanging way through the traction frame 1, an inclined spring 32 is arranged in the four-bar profiling mechanism 2, the inclined spring 32 can enable a single body to be more stable when walking, and meanwhile, the movable space of the four-bar profiling mechanism 2 can be limited to prevent the mechanism from excessively shifting; six supporting frames are movably connected to a rear cross beam 22 of the traction frame 1 through four-bar profiling mechanisms 2 respectively, the supporting frames are formed by fixing two supporting plates 3 with the same specification into a whole through a plurality of connecting rods I, a pressing wheel 4 is respectively arranged at the lower part of the outer sides of the front ends of the supporting plates 3 at the two sides, a plurality of limiting holes 20 are symmetrically formed in the upper parts of the front ends of the supporting plates 3 at the two sides, transverse connecting rods are arranged between the opposite limiting holes 20, the connecting rods are movably connected with one ends of connecting rods I21, two sides of the other ends of the connecting rods I21 are respectively fixedly connected with connecting rods II 5, and a ditching disc 6 is rotatably connected between the other ends of the connecting rods II 5 at the two sides; through the cooperation of connecting rod and different spacing holes 20, can adjust the height of ditching dish 6, and then adjust the ditching degree of depth of ditching dish 6, simultaneously, ditching dish 6 can play the effect of cutting the maize stubble.

The two sides of the back side of the ditching disc 6 are respectively and movably provided with a supporting bent plate 7, the other end of the supporting bent plate 7 is rotationally connected with a straw cleaning disc 8, the straw cleaning disc 8 is a concave disc and is provided with notches at the periphery, the convex bottom surfaces of each group of straw cleaning discs 8 are oppositely arranged, the front inclination angle alpha of each straw cleaning disc is 24-36 degrees, the side inclination angle beta is 9-16 degrees, and the straw cleaning disc 8 can pull straws on a working belt to prevent blockage and create a clean seed bed. The straw cleaning disc 8 passively rotates around a fixed shaft under the action of a couple formed by the pulling force of a machine tool and the reaction force of soil, tooth tips gradually cut into a straw stubble layer and a soil layer from far to near along the cutting edge direction to cut and crush straw and soil right below the straw stubble layer and the soil layer, and the tooth tips are sequentially cut to ensure the stability of the operation depth of the straw cleaning device; due to the working deflection angle and the working inclination angle, the residual stubble on the outer side of the straw cleaning disc moves towards the two sides of the strip along the outer surface of the straw cleaning disc, and the transverse moving distance of the straw is gradually increased; the thrown straw falls on two sides of the cleaning strip under the action of inertia force and self gravity to form a clean sowing area.

A spring 9 is fixed on the transverse plate supporting the bending plate 7; a plurality of adjusting holes 23 are symmetrically formed above the middle parts of the two side supporting plates 3, adjusting rods 24 are arranged on the opposite adjusting holes 23 on the two sides through connecting rods, adjusting handles 25 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom end of each adjusting rod 24 respectively, the other ends of the adjusting handles 25 on the two sides are movably sleeved on the connecting short rods between the two supporting plates 3 through shaft sleeves 34, the adjusting rods 24 are arranged in the different adjusting holes 23, the shaft sleeves 34 are driven to rotate on the connecting short rods, and the soil penetration depth of the straw cleaning disc 8 can be adjusted; one end of the adjusting handle 25 is connected with the other end of the spring 9, and through the cooperation of the spring 9 and the adjusting handle 25, the device can touch hard stones to perform ground profiling when in operation, so that the straw cleaning disc 8 can move up and down, the straw cleaning disc 8 cannot be excessively damaged, and the service life of the straw cleaning disc 8 can be prolonged.

An extension frame is arranged at the rear end of the support frame, a subsoiler 12 and a notch disc harrow 14 are arranged on the extension frame, and a pressing roller and the extension frame can be arranged behind the notch disc harrow 14 for installation and fixation.

The extension frame is formed by fixing two extension plates 10 with the same specification into a whole through a connecting rod II, wherein the two extension plates 10 are arranged between the two support plates 3, and the front ends of the two extension plates are movably connected through a rotating shaft 26; the corresponding position of back section is equipped with spacing hole in two extension boards 10, subsoiler depth adjustment pole 11 lower extreme be fixed with subsoiler 12, be equipped with a plurality of regulation holes on subsoiler depth adjustment pole 11 and be located between two extension boards 10, fix spacing hole and the regulation hole of co-altitude not through mounting 28, just can adjust subsoiler 12's height according to the in-service use demand.

In order to prevent the subsoiler 12 from being insufficient in the depth of soil, a hydraulic device 31 is arranged between a rotary connecting rod I29 arranged at the high position of the supporting frame and a fixed connecting rod II 30 arranged at the low position of the extending frame to provide a downward pressure for the subsoiler, a hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic device is fixed with the connecting rod I29, a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device is fixed with the connecting rod II 30, and when the subsoiler 12 encounters an obstacle, the extending frame is lifted upwards by the rotary shaft 26, and at the moment, the hydraulic device 31 is retracted.

The outer sides of the rear ends of the two support plates 3 are respectively fixed with an adjusting device, and the upper parts of the two support plates are fixed with vertical springs 13; the adjusting device consists of an inverted U-shaped mounting frame 15, a connecting plate 16, a connecting column 17 and a fixing plate 18, wherein the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped mounting frame 15 is connected with the bottom end of a vertical spring 13, the connecting plate 16 is arranged in the opening end of the inverted U-shaped mounting frame 15 through bolts 27, a plurality of through holes 33 are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the opening end of the inverted U-shaped mounting frame 15 respectively, two penetrating holes are also arranged on the adjusting connecting plate 16, the two penetrating holes on the adjusting connecting plate 16 correspond to the through holes 33 at different positions, and the mounting angle of the connecting plate 16 can be adjusted by fixing the two penetrating holes with the bolts 27; the tail end of the connecting plate 16 is provided with a mounting hole penetrating up and down, the tail end of the connecting plate 16 is provided with a vertically penetrating strip-shaped gap 35 which is communicated with the mounting hole, a connecting column 17 is arranged in the mounting hole and is fixed by bolts 36 through bolt holes formed in the tail end of the connecting plate 16; the bottom of spliced pole 17 install fixed plate 18, the bottom of fixed plate 18 rotates with the center pin of breach disc harrow 14 to be connected, fixed plate 18 on the interval be equipped with a plurality of mounting holes, through carrying out fixed mounting spliced pole 17's bottom and different mounting holes, adjust the height of breach disc harrow 14.

The outer wall of the upper end of the connecting column 17 is fixed with a rotary handle 19, the upper end face of one end of the connecting plate 16 is fixed with a scale plate, circular arc scale marks are arranged on the scale plate, and the front end of the rotary handle 19 is provided with a pointer matched with the scale marks. When the adjustment is needed, the bolt 36 is unscrewed, the rotary handle 19 is screwed to drive the connecting column 17 to rotate, and when the connecting column is rotated to a proper angle, the bolt 36 is screwed and fixed, so that the soil entering angle of the notch disc harrow 14 can be adjusted according to the actual use requirement, and the operation width is adjusted; the vertical spring 13 can provide a downward pretightening force for the notch disc harrow 14, so that the notch disc harrow 14 can harrow into soil, and meanwhile, the notch disc harrow 14 can move upwards in a small amplitude when encountering stones, so that the damage of the notch disc harrow 14 is reduced.

When the invention is used, the tractor is arranged behind the tractor through the traction frame 1, under the traction of the tractor, the working parts and the ground are rubbed and rotated forwards along with the advancing of the machine, the ditching disc 6 ditches and can cut off residual straws among rows, the straw cleaning disc 8 pushes and throws the residual straws in the working rows to two sides of a working breadth area, the subsoiler 12 enters the soil for ditching under the traction of the tractor to break the bottom layer of the plow for fertilization, and the notch disc harrow 14 loosens and breaks the soil under the set breadth in the working rows for straw cleaning to finish straw cleaning and seedbed preparation.

The front end of the frame assembly is welded with the three-point suspension frame, so that the frame assembly is connected with the tractor suspension frame in a hanging mode to provide traction force, the strip small-tillage monomers are arranged on the rear cross beam of the frame assembly, the structure of the machine is compact along with the movement of the tractor, the machine is convenient to assemble and disassemble, different agronomic requirements and ground condition conditions can be met by adjusting different limiting holes, and the applicability and flexibility of the machine are enhanced. Before the machine works, the hydraulic device provides proper downward pressure for the monomers according to the actual ground condition and the agricultural tilling depth requirement, so that the monomers reach and maintain the stable tilling depth; regulating the limit hole of the straw cleaning device to ensure that the straw cleaning device stably operates under a proper width; the spacing and the length of the rotary tillage device are adjusted to provide proper soil loosening width and downward pressure for the disc harrow, so that the single body can run under the required width and tillage depth.

Claims

1. The strip minimum tillage seedbed preparation device comprises a traction frame (1), a cross beam (22) and a four-bar profiling mechanism (2), and is characterized in that more than three support frames are movably connected to a rear cross beam (22) of the traction frame (1) through the four-bar profiling mechanism (2) respectively, the support frames are formed by fixing two support plates (3) with the same specification shape into a whole through a plurality of connecting rods I, pressing wheels (4) are respectively arranged at the lower parts outside the front ends of the two support plates (3), a plurality of limiting holes (20) are symmetrically formed in the upper parts of the front ends of the two support plates (3), connecting rods are arranged between the limiting holes (20), the connecting rods are movably connected with one ends of connecting rods I (21), two sides of the other ends of the connecting rods I (21) are fixedly connected with connecting rods II (5) respectively, and ditching discs (6) are rotatably connected between the other ends of the connecting rods II (5) on the two sides; support bending plates (7) are movably mounted on support plates (3) on two sides of the rear side of the ditching plate (6), the other ends of the support bending plates (7) are rotatably connected with straw cleaning plates (8), springs (9) are fixed on transverse plates of the support bending plates (7), and the other ends of the springs (9) are mounted on a support frame; a subsoiler (12) and a notch disc harrow (14) are arranged behind the straw cleaning disc (8).

2. The strip mini-tiller equipped device according to claim 1, characterized in that the straw-cleaning plate (8) is a concave plate and is provided with notches at the periphery.

3. The strip tilling seedling bed preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the raised bottom surfaces of each group of the straw cleaning discs (8) are opposite, wherein the forward inclination angle α of the individual straw cleaning discs is 24-36 °, and the side inclination angle β is 9-16 °.

4. The strip minimum tillage seedbed preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that an extension frame is arranged at the rear end of a support frame, the extension frame is formed by fixing two extension plates (10) with the same specification shape into a whole through a connecting rod II, a subsoiler depth adjusting rod (11) is arranged between the rear ends of the two extension plates (10), and a subsoiler (12) is fixed at the lower end of the subsoiler depth adjusting rod (11).

5. The strip minimum tillage seedbed preparing device according to claim 4, wherein the lower parts of the outer sides of the rear ends of the two supporting plates (3) are respectively fixed with an adjusting device, the upper parts of the two supporting plates are fixed with vertical springs (13), the bottom ends of the vertical springs (13) are fixed with one end of the adjusting device, and the other end of the adjusting device is provided with a notch disc harrow (14).

6. The strip mini-tiller preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that the adjusting device comprises an inverted U-shaped mounting frame (15), a connecting plate (16), a connecting column (17) and a fixing plate (18), wherein the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped mounting frame (15) is connected with the bottom end of a vertical spring (13), the connecting plate (16) is mounted in the opening end of the inverted U-shaped mounting frame (15) through a bolt (27), one end of the connecting plate (16) is rotationally connected with the vertical connecting column (17), the fixing plate (18) is mounted at the bottom end of the connecting column (17), the bottom end of the fixing plate (18) is rotationally connected with the central shaft of a notch disc rake (14), and a rotary handle (19) is fixed on the outer wall of the upper end of the connecting column (17).

7. The strip mini-tiller-equipped device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of adjusting holes (23) are symmetrically formed above the middle parts of the two side supporting plates (3), adjusting rods (24) are arranged on the opposite adjusting holes (23) on the two sides through connecting rods, adjusting handles (25) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom end of each adjusting rod (24), and one end of each adjusting handle (25) is connected with the other end of each spring (9).