CN117938020A - Electrical excitation doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on super capacitor energy excitation - Google Patents
Electrical excitation doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on super capacitor energy excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN117938020A CN117938020A CN202410167136.5A CN202410167136A CN117938020A CN 117938020 A CN117938020 A CN 117938020A CN 202410167136 A CN202410167136 A CN 202410167136A CN 117938020 A CN117938020 A CN 117938020A
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The method comprises the following steps of S1, connecting a super capacitor with a motor bus and an excitation end respectively through two direct current contactors, wherein the lower limit of the capacity of the super capacitor is larger than 1F; s2, the super capacitor is disconnected from the bus in an electric state, and a direct current power supply is connected to the bus and supplies energy to the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor through the inverter; in the energy feedback process, a direct current power supply is disconnected from a bus, a super capacitor is connected to the bus, and the voltage of the bus and the charging current of the super capacitor are controlled by the exciting current of the electrically excited doubly salient motor; s3, the method is used for adjusting and controlling the exciting circuit, and when the super capacitor has electricity, the super capacitor supplies energy to the exciting winding; when the super capacitor is insufficient in electric quantity, the direct current excitation power supply supplies power to the excitation winding. The invention can efficiently recycle the energy generated by braking the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor by utilizing a simple topological structure, and supply the stored energy to the motor for excitation, thereby improving the motor efficiency and the energy utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor control, in particular to an electric excitation doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on super capacitor energy supply excitation.
Background
The electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is a reluctance motor, adopts a design without permanent magnets, and can realize output control of the motor by adjusting exciting current of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor. The electro-magnetic doubly salient motor has the outstanding advantages of simple and reliable structure, adjustable excitation, adaptation to high-speed and severe application environments and the like, so that the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is particularly suitable for a low-cost and high-efficiency motor driving system with the capability of adjusting an excitation magnetic field.
The energy feedback technology is a technology for recovering and reusing surplus energy generated during operation of the motor or energy generated during braking. By realizing the energy feedback of the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor, the energy utilization efficiency of the motor system is improved, the energy consumption and pollution emission are reduced, and the overall performance of the system is improved, so that the operation with more environmental protection and energy conservation is realized.
Super-capacitors (Super-capacitors) play an important role in energy feedback, and the single capacity of the Super-capacitors can be varied from 1 Farad to thousands of Farads, and the capacity of the Super-capacitors is far beyond that of the traditional capacitors. The electrolytic capacitor capacity of a standard battery size is tens of microfarads, while the super capacitor capacity of the same size ranges from 1 to thousands of (even tens of thousands of) of processes, with the difference being up to five orders of magnitude. Also, the term "super" is more reflected in its ability to store a large amount of charges (high energy density) for a short period of time and to rapidly release these charges (high power density). This characteristic makes the supercapacitor excellent in a scenario requiring rapid charge and discharge and high power output. Thus, the "super" properties of a super-capacitor are mainly determined by its high power density and high energy density, and not just by the size of its individual capacitance values.
The advantage of the super capacitor as an energy feedback energy storage device is mainly embodied in the rapid charge and discharge characteristic, long service life and high cycle charge times. For mechanical equipment which is frequently required to be started, stopped and braked, the super capacitor can store and release energy rapidly, so that the quick response requirement of a mechanical system is met, the service life is longer, the high-frequency start-stop operation can be borne, and the replacement and maintenance cost is reduced. In addition, the good high temperature and low temperature resistance of the device can adapt to work under different environmental conditions, so that the device becomes an ideal choice for energy feedback in mechanical equipment, is beneficial to improving the energy utilization efficiency and reduces the energy waste.
In comparison with the technology of the patent CN 113489419B' electric excitation doubly salient motor drive charging system multi-mode energy feedback control method
1. In CN113489419, a DC-DC converter is used to maintain the stability of the bus voltage and the constant exciting current. The patent cancels the DC-DC converter, and controls the charging current of the super capacitor and the stability of bus voltage by adjusting exciting current. The charging and discharging of the super capacitor are controlled by the original uncontrolled rectifier bridge and asymmetric H bridge of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor respectively, and a DC-DC converter is not required to be additionally arranged.
2. In patent CN113489419B, only the excitation end of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is regulated. The invention stores the energy recovered by braking the bus-end of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor into the super capacitor. When the motor is restarted, the energy stored in the super capacitor is used for supplying energy to the exciting winding.
3. The energy storage device employed in CN113489419B is a battery. The energy storage device adopted by the invention is a super capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an electric excitation doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on super capacitor energy excitation, which is used for efficiently recovering energy generated during braking of the electric excitation doubly salient motor and supplying the energy to the electric excitation doubly salient motor for excitation so as to improve the motor efficiency and the energy utilization rate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The method for feeding back the energy of the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor based on super-capacitor energy excitation is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of;
s1, an electric excitation doubly salient motor busbar and an excitation end are respectively connected with a super capacitor through a direct current contactor, the lower limit of the capacity of the super capacitor is larger than 1F, and the charging current of the super capacitor is controlled by using the motor excitation current;
S2, in an electric state, the super capacitor is disconnected from the bus, the motor direct current power supply is connected with the bus clamp bus voltage and supplies energy to the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor through the inverter, in an energy feedback process, the motor direct current power supply is disconnected from the bus, the super capacitor is connected with the bus, and the bus voltage and the super capacitor charging current are regulated and controlled by regulating the exciting current of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor;
S3, the super-capacitor energy feedback system of the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor regulates and controls the exciting circuit, and when electric quantity exists in the super-capacitor, the super-capacitor supplies energy to the exciting winding; when the electric quantity in the super capacitor is insufficient, the direct current excitation power supply supplies power to the excitation winding.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the busbar regulation in the supercapacitor energy feedback process specifically includes:
And S21, when the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor runs electrically, a direct-current power supply of the motor is connected to a bus, the super capacitor is disconnected from the bus, and the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is powered after passing through a direct-current filter capacitor and an inverter. Meanwhile, an excitation direct-current power supply is connected to an excitation branch circuit, and excitation energy is supplied to the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor through an excitation driving circuit;
S22, when the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is braked, the direct current contactor is disconnected with a direct current power supply of the motor, and is connected with the super capacitor, the IGBT in the inverter is completely disconnected, so that the inverter is used as an uncontrolled rectifier, exciting current is controlled and regulated through an exciting current inner loop, and then charging current of the super capacitor is controlled within an allowable range, and the super capacitor is enabled to reach a stable charging state.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the exciting current of the electrically excited doubly salient motor is adjustedFor bus voltage/>And super capacitor charging current/>The electric quantity state of the super capacitor during charging is regulated and controlled as follows:
；
from the state of charge of the super capacitor, the super capacitor charging current is deduced The method comprises the following steps:
；
The relation between the exciting current and the charging current is as follows;
；
Because of The term is small, neglect/>Is not counted and is therefore simplified;
；
The exciting current is obtained by the formula The relation with the electric quantity state of the super capacitor in the charging state is as follows;
；
from the above, it can be seen that the bus voltage Calculating the current/>, of the super capacitorAfter that, according to the exciting current/>State of charge/>, with super capacitor state of chargeThe relation of the exciting current/>, required by the current system is calculatedThe super capacitor is enabled to reach a stable charging state by adjusting the exciting current of the electric excitation doubly salient motor to a calculated value;
wherein, after the super capacitor is selected, the capacitance of the super capacitor is equal to Super capacitor internal resistance/>Rated voltage of super capacitorSuper capacitor maximum energy storage/>Super capacitor minimum operating voltage/>Is of constant value,/>And/>Is self-inductance of a phase and a c phase of an armature winding of the electro-excited doubly salient motor, and is a motor with a double-salient poleIs the mutual inductance of a phase and exciting winding,/>Is the mutual inductance of c phase and exciting winding,/>For the state of charge at the start of charging,/>The charging current at the start of charging.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the adjusting control of the exciting circuit includes:
And S31, when the electrically excited doubly salient motor runs electrically and the super capacitor stores electric quantity, the direct current contactor is disconnected with the super capacitor, the direct current power supply of the motor is connected to the direct current bus, and the electrically excited doubly salient motor is driven by the inverter. The second direct current contactor is disconnected and connected with an excitation direct current power supply and is connected with the super capacitor, and at the moment, the super capacitor starts to provide stable excitation current for excitation of the electrically excited doubly salient motor through adjustment of an excitation driving circuit and an excitation current inner ring;
And S32, when the electric excitation doubly-salient motor runs electrically and the super capacitor runs out of the electric quantity, the second direct-current contactor is disconnected from the super capacitor, and then a direct-current excitation power supply is connected to an excitation circuit, and the direct-current excitation power supply is used for relay energy supply excitation.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S31, the super capacitor starts to provide stable exciting current for exciting the electrically excited doubly salient motor through the excitation driving circuit of the asymmetric H-bridge and the adjustment of the exciting current inner ring, and the electric quantity state of the super capacitor in the discharging state is:
；
wherein, Is the state of charge at the beginning of capacitor discharge,/>Is the capacitance value of the super capacitor,/>For the maximum energy storage capacity of the super capacitor, exciting current/>And adjusting according to the motor requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the DC-DC converter is omitted by introducing the super capacitor, so that the complexity of the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor system is reduced, the reliability of the system is improved, and the manufacturing cost, the running cost and the maintenance cost of the system are saved.
(2) The invention utilizes the super capacitor to recycle and store the energy generated by braking the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor, thereby obviously improving the energy utilization efficiency of the motor system and reducing the energy consumption.
(3) According to the invention, the super capacitor discharges, so that energy can be rapidly provided for a motor excitation system when the electric excitation doubly salient motor is needed, high-efficiency energy management is realized, and continuous and reliable energy support is provided for stable operation of the motor system.
(4) The invention improves the overall performance of the motor system by the energy feedback method of the super capacitor. The energy feedback can enable the motor to have more responsiveness when starting, braking or load changes, improves the dynamic performance and stability of the system, and is beneficial to improving the working efficiency and the operation controllability.
(5) The invention can effectively recycle energy, thus reducing the dependence on external energy and being beneficial to saving energy cost. Meanwhile, the method accords with the concepts of environmental protection and sustainable development, and is beneficial to reducing the adverse effect of mechanical operation on the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electro-magnetic doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on super capacitor supplied excitation energy;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an electrical excitation doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on super capacitor supplied excitation energy;
FIG. 3 is a voltage diagram of the super capacitor during the charging phase;
FIG. 4 is a super capacitor charging phase current diagram;
FIG. 5 is a field flow diagram of an electrically excited doubly salient motor during the super capacitor charging phase;
FIG. 6 is a graph of supercapacitor discharge phase voltage;
FIG. 7 is a current diagram of the super capacitor discharge phase;
fig. 8 is a field current diagram of an electrically excited doubly salient motor at the discharge stage of the super capacitor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
The embodiment of the invention provides an electric excitation doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on excitation energy supplied by a super capacitor. The schematic block diagram of the electric excitation doubly salient motor energy feedback method based on the excitation energy supplied by the super capacitor is shown in fig. 1, the flow chart is shown in fig. 2, and the method comprises an excitation driving circuit A1, an electric excitation doubly salient motor A2, an inverter A3, a direct current filter capacitor A4, a motor direct current power supply A5, an excitation current sensor A6, a super capacitor A7, an excitation direct current power supply A8, an excitation current inner ring A9, a motor direct current power supply and a super capacitor conversion direct current contactor A10 and an excitation direct current power supply and a super capacitor conversion direct current contactor A11. Parameters in FIG. 1 Represents motor exciting current, C represents filter capacitance value,/>Representing a reference value of the excitation current.
The electric excitation doubly salient energy feedback test platform for supplying excitation energy to the super capacitor comprises an electric excitation doubly salient motor, a motor direct current power supply, an inverter, a super capacitor, a controller and an excitation direct current power supply; the controller comprises an excitation current inner ring control method of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor.
The method for feeding back the energy of the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor by using the super capacitor to supply the excitation energy comprises the following steps of:
when the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor simulates electric operation, a direct-current contactor A10 is connected with a motor direct-current power supply A5 and a bus, a super capacitor A7 is not connected into the bus, and the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor A2 is powered after passing through a direct-current filter capacitor A4 and an inverter A3. Meanwhile, an excitation direct-current power supply A8 is connected to an excitation branch, and excitation energy is supplied to the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor A2 through an excitation driving circuit A1 (an asymmetric H bridge).
And step two, when the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is braked, the direct current contactor A10 is disconnected with the direct current power supply A5 of the motor and is connected with the super capacitor A7. The IGBTs in inverter A3 are all turned off, allowing inverter A3 to function as an uncontrolled rectifier. According to the formulaCalculating the electric quantity characteristic of the super capacitor at the moment, and then according to the formulaThe excitation current/>, required in this state, was obtainedAnd then the exciting current/>, is adjusted through the exciting current inner ring A9To the calculated value, controlling the charging current/>, of the super capacitorAnd in the allowable range, the super capacitor reaches a stable charging state.
And step three, when the electrically excited doubly salient motor runs electrically and the super capacitor stores electric quantity, the direct current contactor A10 is disconnected and connected with the super capacitor, the motor direct current power supply A5 is connected with a bus, and the electrically excited doubly salient motor is driven by the inverter A3. The second DC contactor A11 is connected with the super capacitor A7 while being disconnected with the exciting DC power supply A8. At this time, the super capacitor A7 starts to provide stable exciting current for the excitation of the electrically excited doubly salient motor through the excitation driving circuit A1 (asymmetric H bridge) and the adjustment of the exciting current inner ring A9. And according to the formulaThe electric quantity characteristic of the super capacitor after discharge can be calculated.
Further testing based on the above examples was as follows:
Fig. 3 and 4 show the exciting current of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor in the second step when the super capacitor is charged in the motor braking state The excitation current of the electro-excitation doubly-salient motor obtained by the adjustment method is stabilized at about 3A, the capacitance value of the super capacitor is 1.6F, and the voltage/>, at the two ends of the super capacitor, obtained by detection when the initial voltage of the super capacitor is 100VSuper capacitor charging currentTime-varying dynamic process waveforms.
Fig. 5 shows the excitation current of an electrically excited doubly salient motorThe adjusting control method is used for carrying out exciting current dynamic process waveforms in the charging stage of the super capacitor A7 of the energy feedback system.
As can be seen from fig. 3,4 and 5, the exciting current is equal toUnder the regulation of super capacitor charging current/>The voltage at two ends of the super capacitor is kept in an allowable rangeSuper capacitor current/>Is a dynamic process waveform of (1).
Fig. 8 is a waveform of the dynamic process of the exciting current when the exciting current inner ring A9 is controlled in the exciting stage of the super capacitor A7.
As can be seen from fig. 6, 7 and 8, under the control of the exciting current inner ring, the super capacitor A7 stably supplies the excitation energy to the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor, so that the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor can be maintained to operate at 5000 r/min.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way, but is intended to cover any modifications or equivalent variations according to the technical spirit of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for feeding back the energy of the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor based on super-capacitor energy excitation is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of;
s1, an electric excitation doubly salient motor busbar and an excitation end are respectively connected with a super capacitor through a direct current contactor, the lower limit of the capacity of the super capacitor is larger than 1F, and the charging current of the super capacitor is controlled by using the motor excitation current;
S2, in an electric state, the super capacitor is disconnected from the bus, the motor direct current power supply is connected with the bus clamp bus voltage and supplies energy to the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor through the inverter, in an energy feedback process, the motor direct current power supply is disconnected from the bus, the super capacitor is connected with the bus, and the bus voltage and the super capacitor charging current are regulated and controlled by regulating the exciting current of the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor;
S3, the super-capacitor energy feedback system of the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor regulates and controls the exciting circuit, and when electric quantity exists in the super-capacitor, the super-capacitor supplies energy to the exciting winding; when the electric quantity in the super capacitor is insufficient, the direct current excitation power supply supplies power to the excitation winding.
2. The method for energy feedback of an electrically excited doubly salient motor based on excitation of super capacitor energy according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, bus regulation in the super capacitor energy feedback process specifically comprises:
And S21, when the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor runs electrically, a direct-current power supply of the motor is connected to a bus, the super capacitor is disconnected from the bus, and the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is powered after passing through a direct-current filter capacitor and an inverter. Meanwhile, an excitation direct-current power supply is connected to an excitation branch circuit, and excitation energy is supplied to the electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor through an excitation driving circuit;
S22, when the electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is braked, the direct current contactor is disconnected with a direct current power supply of the motor, and is connected with the super capacitor, the IGBT in the inverter is completely disconnected, so that the inverter is used as an uncontrolled rectifier, exciting current is controlled and regulated through an exciting current inner loop, and then charging current of the super capacitor is controlled within an allowable range, and the super capacitor is enabled to reach a stable charging state.
3. The method for energy feedback of an electrically excited doubly salient motor based on super capacitor energized excitation as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S2, the exciting current of the electrically excited doubly salient motor is adjusted by adjusting the exciting currentFor bus voltage/>And super capacitor charging current/>The electric quantity state of the super capacitor during charging is regulated and controlled as follows:
；
from the state of charge of the super capacitor, the super capacitor charging current is deduced The method comprises the following steps:
；
The relation between the exciting current and the charging current is as follows;
；
Because of The term is small, neglect/>Is not counted and is therefore simplified;
；
The exciting current is obtained by the formula The relation with the electric quantity state of the super capacitor in the charging state is as follows;
；
from the above, it can be seen that the bus voltage Calculating the current/>, of the super capacitorAfter that, according to the exciting current/>State of charge/>, with super capacitor state of chargeThe relation of the exciting current/>, required by the current system is calculatedThe super capacitor is enabled to reach a stable charging state by adjusting the exciting current of the electric excitation doubly salient motor to a calculated value;
wherein, after the super capacitor is selected, the capacitance of the super capacitor is equal to Super capacitor internal resistance/>Rated voltage of super capacitor/>Super capacitor maximum energy storage/>Super capacitor minimum operating voltage/>Is of constant value,/>And/>Is self-inductance of a phase and a c phase of an armature winding of the electro-excited doubly salient motor, and is a motor with a double-salient poleIs the mutual inductance of a phase and exciting winding,/>Is the mutual inductance of c phase and exciting winding,/>For the state of charge at the start of charging,/>The charging current at the start of charging.
4. The method for energy feedback of an electrically excited doubly salient motor based on super capacitor excitation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, said adjusting and controlling the exciting circuit includes:
And S31, when the electrically excited doubly salient motor runs electrically and the super capacitor stores electric quantity, the direct current contactor is disconnected with the super capacitor, the direct current power supply of the motor is connected to the direct current bus, and the electrically excited doubly salient motor is driven by the inverter. The second direct current contactor is disconnected and connected with an excitation direct current power supply and is connected with the super capacitor, and at the moment, the super capacitor starts to provide stable excitation current for excitation of the electrically excited doubly salient motor through adjustment of an excitation driving circuit and an excitation current inner ring;
And S32, when the electric excitation doubly-salient motor runs electrically and the super capacitor runs out of the electric quantity, the second direct-current contactor is disconnected from the super capacitor, and then a direct-current excitation power supply is connected to an excitation circuit, and the direct-current excitation power supply is used for relay energy supply excitation.
5. The method for feeding back energy of an electrically-excited doubly salient motor based on excitation of super capacitor energy according to claim 1, wherein in step S31, the super capacitor starts to provide stable excitation current for excitation of the electrically-excited doubly salient motor through adjustment of an excitation driving circuit of an asymmetric H-bridge and an excitation current inner ring, and an electric quantity state of the super capacitor in a discharge state is:
；
wherein, Is the state of charge at the beginning of capacitor discharge,/>Is the capacitance value of the super capacitor,/>For the maximum energy storage capacity of the super capacitor, exciting current/>And adjusting according to the motor requirement.
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