CN117936961A - Discharging method and device for waste lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Discharging method and device for waste lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN117936961A CN117936961A CN202410001500.0A CN202410001500A CN117936961A CN 117936961 A CN117936961 A CN 117936961A CN 202410001500 A CN202410001500 A CN 202410001500A CN 117936961 A CN117936961 A CN 117936961A
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- waste lithium
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a discharge method and equipment of waste lithium ion batteries; the device comprises a discharge tube box, wherein a rotating shaft extending out of the discharge tube box is transversely arranged in the middle of the discharge tube box, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by positive and negative directions, a group of grids are fixedly arranged above and below the rotating shaft respectively, the end part of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a pointing plate, the two groups of grids and the pointing plate are arranged on the same plane, and the rotating shaft drives the grids to rotate in the discharge tube box and the pointing plate to rotate outside the discharge tube box simultaneously when rotating; the push plate is arranged in the flashlight box and connected with the transversely arranged hydraulic telescopic rod, so that the discharged waste lithium ion battery can be pushed out of the flashlight box. The device provides safer and more efficient places for the discharging process, has high automation degree, does not corrode battery electrodes or generate excessive heat in the discharging process, can realize efficient and safe large-scale discharging of waste lithium ions, and provides safer pretreatment schemes for subsequent recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale discharge recovery equipment of waste lithium batteries, and particularly relates to a discharge method and equipment of waste lithium ion batteries.
Background
As the new energy industry is continuously developing, the attention of lithium ion batteries in the industry is gradually improved as one of the main components of the new energy automobiles nowadays. Some metals in the lithium ion battery, such as nickel, cobalt, copper, lithium and the like, have higher value, carry out high-efficient recovery to old and useless lithium ion battery, can realize the utilization of resources, and the main flow of its recovery is divided into three steps: pre-treatment, extraction of useful components and regeneration of materials. In the pre-treatment step, due to the residual voltage, the direct disassembly of the battery can cause the potential safety hazards such as overheat explosion, leakage of toxic and harmful substances and the like of the battery and environmental pollution, so that the method has great significance in discharging the waste lithium ion battery before crushing the battery. At present, the domestic discharge link of the waste lithium ion battery lacks mature technology and technical means, most of researches on discharge stay in a theoretical stage, and a scheme with higher feasibility is needed.
Meanwhile, the prior art means have certain defects, and most of the prior art means also adopt brine discharge, for example, a discharge method of a waste lithium battery is disclosed in CN 106252772A, and the method is provided that residual voltage can be completely released by soaking the waste lithium battery for 10-15 days with sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 3-5% and then drying and needling. CN 115084700A discloses a safe discharge method for heat-sensitive discharge particles and waste lithium ion batteries, which uses a heat-sensitive discharge particle prepared from an electric conduction heat-conduction material, a protective coating and a binder, and realizes high-efficiency discharge by wrapping the waste lithium ion batteries to form an electric conduction loop, but the synthesis of the heat-sensitive discharge particles is relatively complex, wherein thiophene organic reagents may cause human poisoning, have safety risks, and lack corresponding facility equipment to safely discharge the batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defect of the discharge of the existing lithium ion battery, the invention aims to provide a complete, efficient and safe discharge method and equipment for the waste lithium ion battery. The discharging equipment of the invention utilizes the discharging powder to carry out dry physical discharging on the massive waste lithium ion batteries. The discharge equipment provides safer and more efficient places for the discharge process, has high automation degree, does not corrode battery electrodes or generate excessive heat in the discharge process, can realize efficient and safe large-scale discharge of waste lithium ions, and provides safer pretreatment schemes for subsequent recycling.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The discharge method of the waste lithium ion battery is based on discharging powder to carry out dry discharge on the massive waste lithium ion battery; the waste lithium ion battery discharging equipment comprises a discharging barrel box, a barrel door is arranged at the upper half part of the outer side of the discharging barrel box, a rotating shaft extending out of the discharging barrel box is transversely arranged at the middle part of the discharging barrel box and is driven to rotate by the positive and negative directions, a group of grids are fixedly arranged above and below the rotating shaft respectively, the size of holes in the grids and gaps between the two groups of grids are arranged to enable discharging powder to pass through the grids, the waste lithium ion battery cannot pass through the grids, a pointing plate is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, the two groups of grids and the pointing plate are on the same plane, and the rotating shaft drives the grids to rotate in the discharging barrel box and the pointing plate to rotate outside the discharging barrel box at the same time; the push plate is arranged in the flashlight placing box and is positioned above the rotating shaft, the push plate is connected with a hydraulic telescopic rod which is transversely arranged, and the discharged waste lithium ion battery is pushed out of the flashlight placing box through the push plate;
The discharging method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: charging material
The positive and negative driving drives the rotating shaft to rotate so that the grid is in a horizontal state, and discharging powder and waste lithium ion batteries are added into the discharge tube box from the top of the discharge tube box;
Step 2: discharge of electric power
After charging, the grid is driven to rotate by forward and reverse driving, the waste lithium ion battery is pushed to the lower half part of the discharge cylinder box, so that the waste lithium ion battery is fully contacted with the discharge powder, and then the discharge cylinder box is kept still for discharging;
Step 3: discharging material
After the discharge is completed, the front and back driving grating drives the waste lithium ion battery to the upper half part of the discharge barrel box, then the waste lithium ion battery is rotated for a plurality of times at a small angle to realize the separation of the discharged powder and the waste lithium ion battery, finally, the discharged waste lithium ion battery is brought to the grating, the pointing plate and the center line level of the barrel box are opened, the barrel box door is opened, the hydraulic telescopic rod is started, and the hydraulic telescopic rod horizontally extends outwards to drive the pushing piece to push the discharged waste lithium ion battery out of the discharge barrel box.
In the invention, the waste lithium ion battery discharging equipment further comprises a first conveying belt and a second conveying belt, wherein the first conveying belt is used for conveying the waste lithium ion batteries and discharging powder to the top of the flashlight box, and the second conveying belt is used for conveying the waste lithium ion batteries after discharging to the disassembling table.
In the invention, a barrel door in waste lithium ion battery discharging equipment is controlled to be automatically opened and closed through a motor hinge.
In the invention, the discharge powder is selected from more than two of waste graphite powder, monocrystalline silicon waste or waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel recovery powder, wherein the monocrystalline silicon waste is leftover materials in the production process to reduce the cost, and the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel recovery powder mainly comprises aluminum, silicon, organic materials and rare metals; the waste graphite powder can be from graphite powder recovered in the recovery process in the recovery field of waste lithium ion batteries. The invention uses waste to treat waste, the selected discharge powder material is low in cost, and the mixture is favorable for reducing the adhesion of pure graphite powder to the battery electrode and is favorable for removing the graphite powder on the battery electrode in the subsequent disassembly pretreatment process.
In the invention, in the step1, the volume of the discharge powder is not less than 30% and not more than 50% of the volume of the discharge tube box.
In the invention, in the step 2, the standing discharge time is 1-10h.
In the present invention, in step 3, the small angle rotation means rotation between 15 ° to 30 °.
The invention also provides a waste lithium ion battery discharging device for the waste lithium ion battery discharging method,
The electric discharge device comprises a discharge barrel box, a barrel door is arranged at the upper half part of the outer side of the discharge barrel box, a rotating shaft extending out of the discharge barrel box is transversely arranged at the middle part of the discharge barrel box, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by positive and negative directions, a group of grids are fixedly arranged below the rotating shaft respectively, holes in the grids and gaps between the two groups of grids are arranged to enable discharge powder to pass through the grids, waste lithium ion batteries cannot pass through the grids, a pointing plate is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, the two groups of grids and the pointing plate are on the same plane, and the rotating shaft drives the grids to rotate in the discharge barrel box and the pointing plate to rotate outside the discharge barrel box at the same time; the push plate is arranged in the flashlight box and positioned above the rotating shaft, and is connected with the transversely arranged hydraulic telescopic rod, and the discharged waste lithium ion battery is pushed out of the flashlight box through the push plate.
According to the invention, the discharging door for collecting and taking out the discharging powder is arranged at the bottom of the discharging tube box, so that the discharging powder can be simply and quickly taken out of the discharging tube box and collected when a large amount of discharging powder is wetted or loses performance due to other reasons.
In the invention, the top of the discharge tube box is of an open structure, and the opening is in an inverted trapezoid shape. The waste lithium batteries conveyed by the conveyor belt can directly fall into the flashlight box.
The invention also comprises a dust and waste gas treatment part for collecting and treating a small amount of dust pollution and gas pollution generated in the discharge process, wherein the dust and waste gas treatment part comprises a dust hood, a bag type dust collector and a spray tower which are connected in sequence; the dust collecting cover is positioned at the top of the flashlight box and the disassembling table and is used for absorbing dust and waste gas generated during discharging; the dust hood is connected with the induced draft fan through a pipeline, the induced draft fan provides suction for the dust hood so as to suck dust and waste gas into the bag type dust remover, the bag type dust remover is connected with the fan through the pipeline, the fan provides suction for an air outlet of the bag type dust remover so as to suck waste gas into the spray tower for cleaning and purifying, and the waste gas after reaching the standard is discharged and the spray waste water enters the waste water treatment equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses a physical discharge method, adopts mixed solid discharge powder, effectively avoids electrode corrosion of the battery, and simultaneously reduces electrolyte leakage and organic gas discharge.
According to the invention, the waste lithium ion battery can be fully short-circuited for discharging through the characteristics of stirring and separating the battery and the discharging powder of the equipment.
The mixed solid discharge powder adopted by the invention has lower price, wherein the waste treatment with waste is provided by adopting waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic plates to recycle powder, monocrystalline silicon waste and the like, the economic cost is higher, the industrial effect is better, and the mixed discharge powder can be reused; meanwhile, the mixed discharge powder has good heat conduction capability.
The matched discharging equipment adopted by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and lower cost, can discharge the waste lithium ion batteries in large batches efficiently and safely, and can discharge the waste lithium ion batteries with different shapes and sizes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the discharge system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of the interior of the discharge system cartridge of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of the interior of the discharge system cartridge of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the dust exhaust treatment system of the present invention.
Description of the drawings: the device comprises a first driving belt, a 2-discharge cylinder box, a 3-grid, a 4-positive and negative driving, a 5-pointing plate, a 6-motor hinge, a 7-cylinder box door, an 8-hydraulic telescopic machine, a 9-pushing piece, a 10-second driving belt, a 11-disassembling table and a 12-discharge door.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a high efficiency safety discharge apparatus for waste lithium ion batteries includes a discharge tank portion and a dust exhaust gas treatment portion for collecting dust exhaust gas generated during discharge.
The flashlight box comprises a first conveyor belt 1, a discharging barrel box 2, a grid 3, a positive and negative drive 4, a pointing board 5, a motor hinge 6, a barrel door 7, a hydraulic telescopic machine 8, a push piece 9, a second conveyor belt 10, a disassembling table 11 and a discharging door 12. The grid 3, the positive and negative drive 4, the pointing board 5, the motor hinge 6, the barrel door 7, the hydraulic telescopic machine 8 and the push piece 9 are integral key structural components of the discharge barrel.
The first conveyor belt 1 is connected with the discharge tube box 2, and conveys the waste lithium ion batteries to the top of the discharge tube box 2 and falls onto the grid 3 in the discharge tube box 2.
Each grid 3 is of a cuboid reticular structure, the whole grid is of a cuboid structure, the whole center of the grid is connected with the positive and negative driving rotating shaft, each grid 3 is of a high-strength reticular grid, a certain gap is reserved between each grid 3, and only mixed discharge powder can pass through the reticular structure of each grid 3 and the gap of each grid. The two-part grid is 180 °. When the flashlight box 2 is in a charging state, the grille is in a horizontal state. After the materials are added, the front and back driving 4 drives the grid 3 to rotate, the waste lithium ion battery is pushed to the lower half part of the discharge cylinder box 2 and fully contacts with mixed discharge powder, wherein the mixed discharge powder is manually added at one time.
The positive and negative drive 4 is connected with the discharge barrel 2, the positive and negative drive 4 drives the grid 3 to rotate through a rotating shaft during discharging operation, the first conveyor belt 1 is conveyed into the waste lithium ion battery of the discharge barrel 2, the waste lithium ion battery is pushed to the lower half of the discharge barrel 2 to be in contact with discharge powder, in order to enable the waste lithium ion battery to be in full contact with the discharge powder, after the waste lithium ion battery is completely pushed to the lower half, the positive and negative drive 4 drives the grid 3 to reciprocally rotate at a small angle for a plurality of times, then stands for waiting for discharging, the positive and negative drive 4 repeatedly drives the grid to reciprocally rotate at a small angle (15-30 DEG) for a plurality of times, then the discharging is completed after the standing, the voltage of the waste lithium ion battery is reduced to be below 1V, after the discharging is completed, the positive and negative drive 4 drives the grid 3 to drive the waste lithium ion battery to the upper half, and then the waste lithium ion battery is reciprocally rotated at a small angle for realizing the separation of the discharge powder and the waste lithium ion battery, and finally the line level of the pointing plate 5 and the barrel is ensured.
The directing plate 5 is positioned outside the flashlight box 2, is integrally formed by a plastic wear-resistant shell and an internal structure, is similar to a level structure, is connected with the rotating shaft and is on the same plane with the grid 3, and can determine the rotating position state of the internal grid 3 by observing the directing plate 5; when the discharge is completed, it is ensured that it remains level with the centre line of the tank, so that the motor hinge 6 opens the tank door 7 and the second conveyor belt 10 is connected to the tank door 7.
The motor hinge 6 is connected with a drum door 7, and the drum door 7 is semicircular and is opened upwards by the motor hinge 6. The cartridge door 7 is in a closed state at the time of discharge. After discharging, the pointing plate 5 can be opened horizontally through the electric hinge 6, the second conveyor belt 10 is connected with the box door edge after opening, the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is started, the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 pushes the completely discharged waste lithium ion battery out of the flashlight box 2 through the push piece 9, and the completely discharged waste lithium ion battery is conveyed to the second conveyor belt 10 outside and conveyed to the subsequent disassembly table 11.
The hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is supported by a bracket, is externally connected with the discharge barrel box 2, is internally connected with a pushing piece 9, and pushes the discharged waste lithium ion battery to exit the discharge barrel box 2 from the barrel door 7 and enter the second conveyor belt 10.
The pushing piece 9 is made of a hard high-strength semicircular polymer material, and can push the discharged waste lithium ion batteries to exit the discharge barrel box 2 from the barrel box door 7 and enter the second conveyor belt 10.
The second conveyor belt 10 is a movable conveyor belt, and can be moved to be close to the barrel door 7 after discharging is finished, so that the discharged waste lithium ion batteries can be conveniently transported to a next disassembly table 11 for disassembly. The disassembling table is a closed automatic disassembling table, and the upper part of the disassembling table is connected with the dust and waste gas treatment device.
The discharge door 12 is normally closed, and when the discharge powder is greatly wetted or loses performance due to other reasons, the discharge powder can be simply and quickly taken out of the discharge tube box 2 and collected through the discharge door 12, and in addition, the discharge door 12 can be opened when the inside of the device needs to be simply maintained.
When the discharge box barrel part performs overdischarge operation, the dust and waste gas treatment part connected with the discharge box barrel part synchronously works, and the dust and waste gas treatment part mainly comprises the following structures: dust cage, draught fan, bag collector 13, fan and spray column 14. The dust collecting hood, the bag type dust collector 13 and the spray tower 14 are sequentially connected, the dust collecting hood is positioned at the top of the discharge tube box 2 and is connected with the inlet of the discharge tube box 2, the induced draft fan is connected with the dust collecting hood through a pipeline, suction force is provided for the dust collecting hood to suck dust and waste gas into the bag type dust collector 13 to remove dust, the fan is connected with an air outlet of the bag type dust collector 13 through a pipeline, the fan is used for sucking waste gas into the spray tower through suction force provided for the air outlet of the bag type dust collector 13 to clean and purify waste gas, waste gas is discharged after reaching standards, and spray waste water enters the waste water treatment equipment.
The invention is further described in connection with specific embodiments, and the corresponding examples described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
Example 1
A method and equipment for discharging waste lithium ion batteries comprises the following steps:
And measuring the pressure of the 18650 type battery by using a universal meter, and selecting the battery with the residual voltage of more than 2.5V.
Monocrystalline silicon waste and waste graphite powder are mixed according to a proportion of 2:1, grinding for 5min, mixing to prepare solid discharge powder, and transferring the solid discharge powder into a discharge tube box.
The 18650 type battery is completely immersed in the solid discharge powder for 5 hours, the discharge torch box does not have obvious temperature change in the discharge process, and the final residual voltage of the battery is stabilized below 1V.
Example 2
A method and equipment for discharging waste lithium ion batteries comprises the following steps:
(1) And measuring the pressure of the 18650 type battery by using a universal meter, and selecting the battery with the residual voltage of more than 2.5V.
(2) Single crystal silicon waste and waste toner are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, grinding for 5min, mixing to prepare solid discharge powder, and transferring the solid discharge powder into a discharge tube box.
(3) The 18650 type battery is completely immersed in the solid discharge powder for 5 hours, the discharge torch box does not have obvious temperature change in the discharge process, and the final residual voltage of the battery is stabilized below 1V.
Example 3
A method and equipment for discharging waste lithium ion batteries comprises the following steps:
(1) And measuring the pressure of the 18650 type battery by using a universal meter, and selecting the battery with the residual voltage of more than 2.5V.
(2) Recycling waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic plates into powder and waste graphite powder according to a proportion of 2:1, grinding for 5min, mixing to prepare solid discharge powder, and transferring the solid discharge powder into a discharge tube box.
(3) The 18650 type battery is completely immersed in the solid discharge powder for 5 hours, the discharge torch box does not have obvious temperature change in the discharge process, and the final residual voltage of the battery is stabilized below 1V.
Example 4
A method and equipment for discharging waste lithium ion batteries comprises the following steps:
(1) And measuring the pressure of the 18650 type battery by using a universal meter, and selecting the battery with the residual voltage of more than 2.5V.
(2) Recycling waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic plates into powder and waste graphite powder according to a proportion of 1:1, grinding for 5min, mixing to prepare solid discharge powder, and transferring the solid discharge powder into a discharge tube box.
(3) The 18650 type battery is completely immersed in the solid discharge powder for 5 hours, the discharge torch box does not have obvious temperature change in the discharge process, and the final residual voltage of the battery is stabilized below 1V.
Claims (10)
1. The discharge method of the waste lithium ion battery is characterized in that discharge powder is utilized to carry out dry discharge on the massive waste lithium ion battery; the waste lithium ion battery discharging equipment comprises a discharging torch box (2), a box door (7) is arranged at the upper half part of the outer side of the discharging torch box (2), a rotating shaft extending out of the discharging torch box (2) is transversely arranged at the middle part of the discharging torch box (2), the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a positive and negative drive (4), a group of grids (3) are fixedly arranged below the rotating shaft respectively, holes in the grids (3) and gaps between the two groups of grids (3) are arranged so that discharging powder can pass through the grids (3), waste lithium ion batteries cannot pass through the grids (3), a pointing plate (5) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, the two groups of grids (3) and the pointing plate (5) are arranged on the same plane, and the rotating shaft drives the grids (3) to rotate in the discharging torch box (2) and the pointing plate (5) to rotate outside the discharging torch box (2) at the same time; a push plate (9) is arranged in the flashlight box (2), the push plate (9) is positioned above the rotating shaft, the push plate (9) is connected with a transversely arranged hydraulic telescopic rod (8), and the discharged waste lithium ion battery is pushed out of the flashlight box (2) through the push plate (9);
the discharging method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: charging material
The positive and negative drive (4) drives the rotating shaft to rotate so that the grid (3) is in a horizontal state, and discharging powder and waste lithium ion batteries are added into the discharge tube box (2) from the top of the discharge tube box (2);
Step 2: discharge of electric power
After charging, the grid (3) is driven to rotate by the positive and negative drive (4), and the waste lithium ion battery is pushed to the lower half part of the discharge cylinder box (2) so that the waste lithium ion battery is fully contacted with the discharge powder, and then the discharge is carried out by standing;
Step 3: discharging material
After discharging, the front and back driving (4) drives the grid (3) to drive the waste lithium ion battery to the upper half part of the discharging barrel box (2), the waste lithium ion battery is rotated for a plurality of times at a small angle to realize separation of discharging powder and the waste lithium ion battery, finally, the discharged waste lithium ion battery is brought onto the grid (3), the pointing plate (5) and the center line of the barrel box are horizontal, the barrel box door (7) is opened, the hydraulic telescopic rod (8) is started, and the hydraulic telescopic rod (8) horizontally stretches out outwards to drive the pushing piece (9) to push the discharged waste lithium ion battery out of the discharging barrel box (2).
2. The waste lithium ion battery discharging method according to claim 1, wherein the waste lithium ion battery discharging device further comprises a first conveyor belt (1) and a second conveyor belt (10), the first conveyor belt (1) is used for conveying the waste lithium ion battery to the top of the discharging tank (2), and the second conveyor belt (10) is used for conveying the waste lithium ion battery after discharging to the disassembling table (11).
3. The method for discharging the waste lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein a barrel door (7) in the waste lithium ion battery discharging device is controlled to be automatically opened and closed through a motor hinge (6).
4. The method for discharging a waste lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the discharging powder is at least two of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel recovery powder, single crystalline silicon waste material or waste graphite powder.
5. The method for discharging a waste lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the volume of the discharge powder is not less than 30% and not more than 50% of the volume of the discharge can (2).
6. The method for discharging a waste lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the standing discharge time is 1-10 hours.
7. The waste lithium ion battery discharging equipment for the waste lithium ion battery discharging method according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising a discharging torch box (2), wherein a box door (7) is arranged at the upper half part of the outer side of the discharging torch box (2), a rotating shaft extending out of the discharging torch box (2) is transversely arranged at the middle part of the discharging torch box (2), the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a positive and negative drive (4), a group of grids (3) are fixedly arranged below the rotating shaft respectively, holes in the grids (3) and gaps between the two groups of grids (3) are arranged so that discharging powder can pass through the grids (3), the waste lithium ion battery cannot pass through the grids (3), a pointing plate (5) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, the two groups of grids (3) and the pointing plate (5) are arranged on the same plane, and the rotating shaft simultaneously drives the grids (3) to rotate in the discharging torch box (2) and the pointing plate (5) to rotate outside the discharging torch box (2); the push plate (9) is arranged in the flashlight box (2), the push plate (9) is positioned above the rotating shaft, the push plate (9) is connected with the transversely arranged hydraulic telescopic rod (8), and the discharged waste lithium ion battery is pushed out of the flashlight box (2) through the push plate (9).
8. The waste lithium ion battery discharge device according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom of the discharge container (2) is provided with a discharge gate (12) for collecting and taking out discharge powder.
9. The waste lithium ion battery discharging device according to claim 7, wherein the top of the discharging barrel box (2) is of an open structure and is in an inverted trapezoid shape.
10. The waste lithium ion battery discharging device according to claim 7, further comprising a dust and waste gas treatment part, wherein the dust and waste gas treatment part comprises a dust hood, a bag type dust collector (13) and a spray tower (14) which are connected in sequence; the dust collection cover is positioned at the top of the flashlight box (2) and is used for absorbing dust and waste gas generated during discharging; the dust cage is connected with the induced draft fan through the pipeline, and the induced draft fan provides suction for the dust cage in order to inhale dust waste gas bag collector (13), and bag collector (13) are continuous with the fan through the pipeline, and the fan is through providing suction in order to inhale waste gas spray column (14) with waste gas cleaning purification for the air outlet of bag collector (13), and waste gas discharge after the standard, spray waste water gets into waste water treatment facility.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410001500.0A CN117936961A (en) | 2024-01-02 | 2024-01-02 | Discharging method and device for waste lithium ion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410001500.0A CN117936961A (en) | 2024-01-02 | 2024-01-02 | Discharging method and device for waste lithium ion battery |
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| CN117936961A true CN117936961A (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN202410001500.0A Pending CN117936961A (en) | 2024-01-02 | 2024-01-02 | Discharging method and device for waste lithium ion battery |
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| CN (1) | CN117936961A (en) |
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