CN117931251A - Firmware online upgrading method and device, electronic equipment, storage medium and product - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a firmware online upgrading method, a device, electronic equipment, a storage medium and a product, and belongs to the technical field of Internet of things. The method comprises the following steps: in the process of executing the first system partition, when the first firmware image file is determined to be required to be updated, writing the second firmware image file into the second system partition, and writing second address information of the second system partition into the first register; configuring a partition exchange identifier in a second register as a first numerical value, and writing the first numerical value of the partition exchange identifier into a second storage area; after restarting the electronic equipment, when the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area is queried to be a first numerical value, reading second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from a first register; based on the second address information, a second firmware image in the second system partition is executed. The application can reduce the management cost when the firmware is updated on line, avoid the error selection of the system partition and effectively prevent the equipment from changing bricks.

Description

Firmware online upgrade method, device, electronic device, storage medium and product

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, and in particular to a firmware online upgrade method, device, electronic device, storage medium and product.

Background technique

In the field of Internet of Things technology, the system is composed of thousands of ECU (Electronic Control Unit) devices. For ECU devices, during their life cycle, the firmware image file can be upgraded through the Firmware On-The-Air (FOTA) upgrade mechanism to solve the security issues of system vulnerabilities or support new system features. The firmware image file of the ECU device runs on FLASH, and the time and location of the upgrade are uncertain, and even the network conditions may be very poor, which puts high demands on the firmware online method of the ECU device.

In the related art, a system partition B of the same size as the system partition A is pre-allocated, the firmware image file to be upgraded is written into the system partition B, the partition selection identifier is set to the identifier of the system partition B, and then the electronic device is restarted. After the electronic device is restarted, the boot program reads the identifier of the partition selection identifier as the system partition B, obtains the address of the system partition B according to the identifier of the system partition B, and then executes the firmware image file in the system partition B according to the address of the system partition B to complete the firmware online upgrade.

However, before each firmware image file is upgraded, the partition selection identifier and the address of the system partition corresponding to the partition selection identifier need to be stored, which has high management costs and is prone to errors. Once an error occurs, the device will become a brick.

Summary of the invention

The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device, storage medium and product for online firmware upgrade, which can reduce the management cost during online firmware upgrade, avoid system partition selection errors, and effectively prevent the device from becoming bricked. The technical solution is as follows:

In a first aspect, a method for online firmware upgrade is provided, the method comprising:

During the execution of the first system partition, when it is determined that the first firmware image file needs to be upgraded, the second firmware image file is written into the second system partition, and the second address information of the second system partition is written into the first register, the second firmware image file is an upgraded version of the first firmware image file, the first system partition and the second system partition are two system partitions with different address information, and the first register is used to store the actual address information mapped by the first address information of the first system partition in the first storage area;

The partition exchange identifier in the second register is configured as a first value, and the first value of the partition exchange identifier is written into the second storage area, the second register is used to configure the value of the partition exchange related identifier, the first value is used to indicate that the partition exchange function is turned on, and the partition exchange function refers to a function of reading the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

Restarting the electronic device, and after the electronic device is restarted, querying the value of the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area;

When it is found that the partition exchange identifier is a first value, the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area is read from the first register;

Based on the second address information, the second firmware image file in the second system partition is executed.

In a second aspect, a firmware online upgrade device is provided, the device comprising:

A first writing module is used for writing a second firmware image file into a second system partition when it is determined that the first firmware image file needs to be upgraded during the execution of the first system partition, wherein the second firmware image file is an upgraded version of the first firmware image file, and the first system partition and the second system partition are two system partitions with different address information;

A second writing module, used for writing the second address information of the second system partition into a first register, where the first register is used for storing actual address information mapped to the first address information of the first system partition in the first storage area;

a first configuration module, configured to configure a partition exchange identifier in a second register to a first value, the second register being used to configure a value of a partition exchange related identifier, the first value being used to indicate that a partition exchange function has been enabled, the partition exchange function being a function of reading the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

The third writing module is used to write the first value of the partition exchange identifier into the second storage area

A first restart module, used to restart the electronic device;

A query module, configured to query the value of the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area after the electronic device is restarted;

A first reading module is configured to read, when it is queried that the partition exchange identifier is a first value, the second address information mapped to the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

The first execution module is used to execute the second firmware image file in the second system partition based on the second address information.

In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory; the memory stores at least one program code; the at least one program code is used to be called and executed by the processor to implement the firmware online upgrade method described in the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein at least one computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the at least one computer program is executed by a processor, the firmware online upgrade method described in the first aspect can be implemented.

In a fifth aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the firmware online upgrade method described in the first aspect can be implemented.

The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application are:

The embodiment of the present application is configured with two system partitions, namely the first system partition and the second system partition. Although the address information of the first system partition and the second system partition is different, when the electronic device is powered on for the first time, the first address information of the first system partition will be written into the first storage area. The first address information in the first storage area is actually the logical address information, and the address information of different system partitions can be mapped according to whether the partition exchange function is turned on, and then the different system partitions are accessed according to the address information of the mapped system partition. For example, when the partition exchange function is determined to be turned on based on the data stored in the second storage area, the first address information in the first storage area is hidden, and the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area is read from the first register; when the partition exchange function is determined to be not turned on based on the data stored in the second storage area, the first address information is read from the first storage area. When the firmware image file is subsequently upgraded, no matter which system partition the upgraded version of the firmware image file is in, the embodiment of the present application only stores and reads the first address information in the first storage area to access the corresponding system partition. Since different system partitions do not need to be managed separately each time the firmware online upgrade operation is performed, the management cost is reduced, and the system partition selection error can be avoided at the same time, effectively preventing the device from becoming bricked.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a system partition provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a system architecture diagram of a firmware online upgrade method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a flow chart of a firmware online upgrade method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a firmware online upgrade device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 shows a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It can be understood that the terms "each", "multiple", and "any" used in the embodiments of the present application include two or more, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any refers to any one of the corresponding multiple. For example, the multiple words include 10 words, and each word refers to each of the 10 words, and any word refers to any one of the 10 words.

It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

The method provided in the embodiment of the present application is aimed at the problem of online firmware upgrade of system software in embedded chips (for example, ECU devices). Usually, the firmware image file of the system software in the embedded chip is stored in FLASH. FLASH includes multiple partitions, see Figure 1, including common regions, system partitions, etc. The system partitions may include system partition A (System Partition A, i.e., the first system partition), system partition B (System Partition B, i.e., the second system partition), etc. Among them, the starting address of the common partition is address 0 (Address0), the starting address of the system partition A is address 1 (Address1), and the starting address of the system partition B is address 2 (Address2).

Each time the electronic device starts, the bootloader selects the firmware image file in one of the system partitions to execute. The selected system partition is called the active partition, and the unselected system partition is called the inactive partition. Among them, the bootloader is the first code executed after the embedded system is powered on. After the processor and related hardware devices are initialized, the operating system image or solidified embedded application is loaded into the memory, and then jumps to the memory space where the operating system is located to run the operating system. The bootloader can initialize the hardware devices and establish a memory space mapping map, so as to bring the system's hardware and software environment to a suitable state, so as to prepare the correct environment for the final call to the operating system kernel. In an embodiment of the present application, the processor has different permissions for system partitions in different states. For active partitions, the processor has read permissions, and for inactive partitions, the processor has read and write permissions.

In order to achieve access to different system partitions with the same address information, an embodiment of the present application provides a partition exchange function. When the partition exchange function is turned on, the actual address mapped by the address of system partition A is the address of system partition B. At this time, the processor accesses system partition B instead of system partition A according to the address of system partition A; when the partition exchange function is turned off, the actual address mapped by the address of system partition A is still system partition A. At this time, the processor accesses system partition A according to the address of system partition A.

However, after the partition exchange function is enabled, the partition exchange function takes effect only when the processor performs a read operation on the system partition. If the processor performs a write operation on the system partition, the partition exchange function does not take effect even if the partition exchange function is enabled.

For the partition hiding function being in the ON state and the OFF state, respectively, when the processor performs read and write operations on the FLASH, the start addresses of System Partition A and System Partition B can be seen in the following Table 1.

Table 1

It can be seen from Table 1 that when the processor performs a read operation on the FLASH, if the partition exchange function is turned on, the addresses of System Partition A and System Partition B are exchanged, that is, the starting address of System Partition A changes from Address1 to Address2, and the starting address of System Partition B changes from Address2 to Address1; if the partition exchange function is turned off, the addresses of System Partition A and System Partition B will not be exchanged, and the starting address of System Partition A will still be Address1, and the starting address of System Partition B will still be Address2. When the processor performs a write operation on the FLASH, regardless of whether the partition exchange function is turned on or not, the addresses of System Partition A and System Partition B will not be exchanged, and the starting address of System Partition A will still be Address1, and the starting address of System Partition B will still be Address2.

It should be noted that the address swap between System Partition A and System Partition B does not mean that the physical addresses are swapped, but that the System Partition mapped by Address1 is changed. Address1 was originally the starting address of System Partition A, and System Partition A can be accessed according to Address1. However, after the partition swap function takes effect, the system partition mapped by Address1 is System Partition B. At this time, what is accessed according to Address1 is System Partition B, not System Partition A.

FIG2 shows a system architecture diagram of a firmware online upgrade method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG2 , the system includes: a boot program, a processor logic control unit, a partition mapping data storage unit, and a system partition.

The bootloader is used to verify the data in the system partition and to initialize the partition exchange function of the processor logic control unit.

The processor logic control unit is used to configure information related to the partition exchange function and complete the access and verification of data in the system partition. The processor logic control unit includes multiple register groups and a partition exchange logic unit. The partition exchange logic unit is a logic control circuit for the processor to implement partition exchange, and is used to implement the logic function of partition exchange according to multiple register groups. The multiple register groups include a partition logic control register group (Partition LC register, i.e., the second register), a partition logic address register group (Partition LA register, i.e., the first register) and a partition exchange context register group (Partition swap context register, i.e., the third register), etc. The partition logic control register group includes at least one register for configuring the value of the partition exchange related identifier. The partition exchange related identifier includes a partition exchange function identifier, a partition signature identifier, etc. The partition logic address register group includes at least one register for storing the actual address information mapped by the first address information of the first system partition in the first storage area. The partition exchange context register group includes at least one register, which can be used by the user to set the address, size and other information of the system partition to be exchanged, and can also be used to access the partition mapping data storage unit and the system partition, and verify the partition data.

The partition mapping data storage unit includes multiple storage areas, namely, a partition logic control data storage area (i.e., the second storage area), a partition logic address data storage area (i.e., the first storage area), a partition signature data storage area (i.e., the third storage area), etc. The logic control data storage area is used to store the logic control data of the system partition, including the value of the partition exchange function identifier, the value of the partition signature identifier, etc. The partition logic address data storage area is used to store the address data of the system partition. The partition signature data storage area is used to store the check value of the system partition data.

The system partition includes system partition A (i.e., the first system partition) and system partition B (i.e., the second system partition). Partition A and system partition B are used to store system code data. The addresses of system partition A and system partition B are different, and their address sizes can be pre-configured by the user.

The embodiment of the present application provides a method for online firmware upgrade. Taking the electronic device having the system architecture shown in FIG. 2 as an example, referring to FIG. 3 , the method flow provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:

301. During the execution of the first system partition, when it is determined that the first firmware image file needs to be upgraded, the second firmware image file is written into the second system partition, and the second address information of the second system partition is written into the first register.

Among them, the second firmware image file and the second firmware image file are different versions of the same firmware, and the second firmware image file is an upgraded version of the first firmware image file. The first system partition and the second system partition are two system partitions of FLASH, and the first system partition can be used as the main system partition, and the second system partition can be used as the auxiliary system partition. The address information of the first system partition and the second system partition is different, and the address information includes the starting address, size, etc. The difference in address information of the first system partition and the second system partition mainly refers to the difference in starting address. The size of the first system partition and the second system partition can be the same or different, and can be specifically configured by the user according to needs. When upgrading the system software in the system partition, the ping-pong mechanism can be used for upgrading. At this time, the upgraded version of the system software is alternately stored in the first system partition and the second system partition, and the first system partition and the second system partition will also be executed alternately. In this way, the first system partition and the second system partition will store different versions of the system software together. For example, there are four versions of the system software, the first system partition can store the first version and the third version of the system software, and the second system partition can store the second version and the fourth version of the system software. The first register is used to store the actual address information mapped by the first address information of the first system partition in the first storage area. As the system software is continuously upgraded, different versions of the system software are alternately stored in the first system partition and the second system partition, and the address information stored in the first register will also continuously change.

When the electronic device is started for the first time, the boot program communicates with the processor logic control unit through the third register, and determines whether the partition exchange function of the processor logic control unit is initialized during the communication process. If not initialized, the partition exchange function is initialized. After the partition exchange function is initialized, the first system partition is executed.

Specifically, when the electronic device is started for the first time, the partition exchange function is initialized, and the following steps may be adopted:

3011. When the electronic device is started for the first time, the first address information is written into the first register, and the first address information is written into the first storage area.

When the electronic device is started for the first time, the first address information of the first system partition can be written into the first register, and then the first address information can be written into the first storage area through the third register. The first address information is a unified access address exposed to the outside by the system partition that performs the firmware online upgrade operation in the embodiment of the present application. When the firmware online upgrade operation is performed subsequently, the first address information in the first storage area will not be updated. Since the embodiment of the present application only maintains the address information of one system partition, the management cost is reduced, and since there is no need to update the address of the system partition that performs the firmware online upgrade operation, system partition errors can be avoided, effectively preventing the device from becoming bricked.

3012. Perform a hash calculation on the data of the first system partition to obtain a first hash value.

By using a hash algorithm to perform hash calculation on the data of the first system partition, a first hash value corresponding to the first system partition can be obtained.

3013. Configure the partition exchange identifier in the second register as a second value, and configure the partition signature identifier in the second register as a third value.

The second value is used to indicate that the partition exchange function is turned off, and the third value is used to indicate that the partition signature function is turned on. The partition exchange function refers to a function of reading the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register. The partition signature function refers to a function of writing the hash value corresponding to the firmware image file in the system partition into the third storage area.

3014. Write the second value of the partition exchange identifier and the third value of the partition signature identifier into the second storage area.

The boot program may write the second value of the partition exchange identifier and the third value of the partition signature identifier into the second storage area through the third register.

3015. In response to the partition signature being identified as a third value, write the first hash value into a third storage area.

When the partition signature identifier is the third value, it indicates that the partition signature function has been enabled, and therefore, the first hash value can be written into the third storage area. When the first hash value is written into the third storage area, it can be written through the third register.

After executing the above steps 3011 to 3015, the initialization operation of the partition exchange function is completed, so that the first system partition can be executed according to the first address information of the first system partition in the first storage area.

In the process of executing the first system partition, when the upgrade version corresponding to the first firmware image file, that is, the second firmware image file, is detected, it is determined that the first firmware image file needs to be upgraded. The OTA program of the system obtains the second firmware image file, and then writes the second firmware image file into the system partition. Since the first firmware image file is stored in the first system partition, based on the ping-pong upgrade mechanism, the second firmware image file needs to be written into the second system partition during this upgrade. Since before the second firmware image file is written into the second system partition, the first firmware image file is the latest version of the firmware image file stored in the system partition, and after the second firmware image file is written into the second system partition, the second firmware image file is the latest version of the firmware image file in the system partition, and the first register stores the address information of the system partition where the latest version of the firmware image file in the system partition is located, therefore, after the second firmware image file is written into the second system partition, the second address information of the second system partition also needs to be written into the first register, thereby ensuring that the first register stores the address information of the system partition where the latest version of the firmware image file in the system partition is located.

302. Configure the partition exchange flag in the second register to be a first value, and write the first value of the partition exchange flag into the second storage area.

Among them, the first value is used to indicate that the partition exchange function has been turned on. Since the first storage area stores the first address information of the first system partition, the latest version of the second firmware image file is stored in the second system partition, and the address information of the second system partition is the second address information, not the first address information. However, in order to realize the online upgrade of the firmware, it is necessary to execute the second firmware image file in the second system partition, and the first address information is the unified access address exposed to the outside of the system partition that performs the firmware online upgrade operation in the embodiment of the present application. In order to realize the access to the second system partition, it is necessary to configure the partition exchange identifier in the second register to the first value to turn on the partition exchange function, so that the actual address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area can be read.

Furthermore, after the partition exchange identifier in the second register is configured as the first value, the first value of the partition exchange identifier is also written into the second storage area, so that when the firmware online upgrade operation is performed, the status data related to the partition exchange function can be read, and then the corresponding operation can be performed according to the read status data.

Furthermore, in order to avoid data loss or tampering in the second firmware image file during the firmware online upgrade operation, which may lead to the failure of the firmware online upgrade operation, after obtaining the second firmware image file, the embodiment of the present application will also perform a hash calculation on the data in the second system partition to obtain a second hash value, and then update the first hash value in the third storage area to the second hash value. The second hash value can be used as a reference value to perform integrity verification on the data in the second system partition during the firmware online upgrade operation.

303: Restart the electronic device, and after the electronic device is restarted, query the value of the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area.

Since the embodiment of the present application provides two system partitions, namely the first system partition and the second system partition, the latest version of the firmware image file may be located in the first system partition or in the second system partition, and the address information of the system partition stored in the electronic device for performing the firmware upgrade operation is the first address information. In order to determine the system partition where the second firmware image file is located, when the electronic device is restarted because the first firmware image file needs to be upgraded, the electronic device will also query the value of the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area.

304. When it is found that the partition exchange identifier is the first value, read the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register.

When the partition exchange identifier is found to be the first value, it is determined that the partition exchange function has been turned on, and the current processor's operation type on the FLASH is a read operation. Therefore, the first system partition can be hidden, and then the second system partition can be accessed based on the first address information. Since the first address information is the physical address of the first system partition, in order to access the second system partition, it is necessary to obtain the actual address information mapped by the first address information, and the first register stores the actual address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area. Therefore, the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area can be read from the first register.

305. Execute the second firmware image file in the second system partition based on the second address information.

In order to improve the success rate of the online firmware upgrade, before executing the second firmware image file in the second system partition, it is also necessary to verify the data in the second system partition. Specifically, according to the second address information, the data of the second system partition can be read from the second system partition, and the data of the second system partition can be hashed using a hash algorithm to obtain a third hash value, and then the second hash value is read from the third storage area, and then the second hash value is compared with the third hash value. When the second hash value matches the third hash value, the second firmware image file in the second system partition is executed to complete the upgrade of the first firmware image file. It should be noted here that the match of two hash values can be that the two hash values are equal, or the error is within a set range.

In another embodiment of the present application, during the execution of the first system partition, when it is determined that the first firmware image file does not need to be upgraded and the electronic device is restarted, the first firmware image file in the first system partition can be executed after the electronic device is restarted.

Furthermore, before executing the first firmware image file in the first system partition, the electronic device will also perform an integrity check on the data in the first system partition. Specifically, the value of the partition exchange identifier can be read from the second storage area, and in response to the value of the partition exchange identifier being the second value, that is, the partition exchange function is not enabled, the first address information in the first storage area is read, and then the data in the first system partition is read according to the first address information, and then a hash algorithm is used to perform a hash calculation on the data in the first system partition to obtain a fourth hash value. Then, the first hash value is read from the third storage area, and the first hash value is compared with the fourth hash value. When the first hash value matches the fourth hash value, the first firmware image file in the first system partition is executed.

Furthermore, when the first hash value does not match the fourth hash value, an error prompt is given to the electronic device, and then the electronic device is restarted.

To facilitate understanding of the above firmware online upgrade method, it will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 2 .

Referring to FIG. 2, in step ①, after the electronic device is started for the first time, the boot program communicates with the processor logic control unit through the partition exchange context register group. During the communication process, it is determined whether the partition exchange function is turned on. If it is not turned on, the partition exchange function is initialized. Specifically, the address information of the system partition A is written into the partition logic address register group, and the address information of the system partition A is written into the first storage area of the partition mapping data storage unit, and then the hash value A of the data in the system partition A is calculated, and the partition logic control register is configured, the value of the partition exchange identifier is set to the second value to turn off the partition exchange function, and the partition signature identifier is set to the third value to turn on the partition signature function, and then the second value of the partition exchange identifier and the third value of the partition signature identifier are written into the second storage area of the partition mapping data storage unit through the partition exchange context register group, and then the hash value A is written into the first storage area of the partition mapping data storage unit through the partition exchange context register group.

In step ②, the boot program executes system partition A according to the address of system partition A.

In step ③, during the execution of system partition A, if the electronic device needs to be restarted, determine whether the reason for the restart of the electronic device is the need to upgrade the firmware image file in the system partition. If so, execute step ④; if not, execute step ⑤.

In step ④, the boot program reads the value of the partition exchange identifier as the second value from the second storage area of the partition mapping data storage unit, and reads the address information of the system partition A from the first storage area. According to the address information of the system partition A, the data of the system partition A is read, and then the hash value of the data of the system partition A is calculated. If the hash value is consistent with the hash value A in the first storage area, it is determined that the data of the system partition A passes the integrity check, and then the system partition A is executed. If the hash value is inconsistent with the hash value A in the first storage area, an error prompt is given to the electronic device, and then the electronic device is restarted.

In step ⑤, the system's OTA program receives a new firmware image file, writes the new firmware image file into system partition B, then calculates the hash value of the data of system partition B, writes the obtained hash value B into the third storage area, and writes the address information of system partition B into the partition logical address register group. In response to the partition exchange function being enabled, the electronic device is restarted. After the electronic device is restarted, the boot program executes step 4 to check whether the partition exchange function is enabled. Since the partition exchange function is enabled, the actual address mapped to the address information of system partition A stored in the first storage area is the address information of system partition B, that is, the processor actually accesses the partition code data of system partition B, and therefore, the new firmware code of system partition B is also executed.

By adopting the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, without performing partition data erasure, data copying, etc., the partition mapping mechanism of the processor can be used to perform execution access to different partitions based on a unified address, thereby improving the system response time and reducing the maintenance cost of the system software. In addition, the embodiment of the present application also supports chain mapping management of two system partitions, and the boot program can access the partition code data of the activated system partition in the two system partitions through the same address, and the inactivated system partition is hidden. When writing data to the inactivated system partition, the partition code data in the activated system partition can still run, so the context switching of the two system partitions can be achieved.

All the above optional technical solutions can be arbitrarily combined to form optional embodiments of the present application, which will not be described one by one here.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a firmware online upgrade device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of the two, and becomes the whole or part of the electronic device. The device includes:

A first writing module 401 is used for writing a second firmware image file into a second system partition when it is determined that the first firmware image file needs to be upgraded during the execution of the first system partition, wherein the second firmware image file is an upgraded version of the first firmware image file, and the first system partition and the second system partition are two system partitions with different address information;

A second writing module 402, used to write the second address information of the second system partition into a first register, where the first register is used to store the actual address information mapped to the first address information of the first system partition in the first storage area;

A first configuration module 403 is used to configure the partition exchange identifier in the second register to a first value, the second register is used to configure the value of the partition exchange related identifier, the first value is used to indicate that the partition exchange function is turned on, and the partition exchange function refers to a function of reading the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

The third writing module 404 is used to write the first value of the partition exchange identifier into the second storage area

A first restart module 405, used to restart the electronic device;

A query module 406, configured to query the value of the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area after the electronic device is restarted;

A first reading module 407 is configured to read, when the partition exchange identifier is found to be a first value, second address information mapped to the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

The first execution module 408 is configured to execute the second firmware image file in the second system partition based on the second address information.

In another embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises:

An initialization module is used to initialize the partition exchange function when the electronic device is started for the first time;

The second execution module is used to execute the first system partition after the partition exchange function is initialized.

In another embodiment of the present application, the initialization module is used to write the first address information into the first register and write the first address information into the first storage area when the electronic device is started for the first time;

A first calculation module, used for performing hash calculation on the data of the first system partition to obtain a first hash value;

A second configuration module, configured to configure the partition exchange identifier in the second register to a second value, and to configure the partition signature identifier in the second register to a third value, wherein the second value is used to indicate that the partition exchange function is turned off, and the third value is used to indicate that the partition signature function is turned on, and the partition signature function refers to a function of writing a hash value corresponding to a firmware image file in a system partition into a third storage area;

A fourth writing module, used for writing the second value of the partition exchange identifier and the third value of the partition signature identifier into the second storage area;

The fifth writing module is used to write the first hash value into the third storage area in response to the partition signature being identified as a third value.

In another embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises:

A second calculation module, used for performing hash calculation on the data in the second system partition to obtain a second hash value;

An updating module is used to update the first hash value in the third storage area to a second hash value.

In another embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises:

A second reading module, used for reading data of the second system partition according to the second address information;

A third calculation module, used for performing hash calculation on the data of the second system partition to obtain a third hash value;

A third reading module, used for reading a second hash value from a third storage area;

The second execution module is configured to execute the second firmware image file in the second system partition when the second hash value matches the third hash value.

In another embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises:

The third execution module is used to execute the first firmware image file in the first system partition when it is determined that the first firmware image file does not need to be upgraded and the electronic device is restarted during the execution of the first system partition. After the electronic device is restarted, the first firmware image file in the first system partition is executed.

In another embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises:

A fourth reading module, used for reading a value of a partition exchange identifier from the second storage area;

A fifth reading module, configured to read first address information in the first storage area in response to the value of the partition exchange identifier being the second value;

A sixth reading module, used for reading data of the first system partition according to the first address information;

a fourth calculation module, configured to perform hash calculation on the data of the first system partition to obtain a fourth hash value;

A seventh reading module, configured to read the first hash value from the third storage area;

The third execution module is configured to execute the first firmware image file in the first system partition when the first hash value matches the fourth hash value.

In another embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises:

a prompt module, configured to provide an error prompt to the electronic device when the first hash value does not match the fourth hash value;

The second restart module is used to restart the electronic device.

The embodiment of the present application is configured with two system partitions, namely the first system partition and the second system partition. Although the address information of the first system partition and the second system partition is different, when the electronic device is powered on for the first time, the first address information of the first system partition will be written into the first storage area. The first address information in the first storage area is actually the logical address information, and the address information of different system partitions can be mapped according to whether the partition exchange function is turned on, and then the different system partitions are accessed according to the address information of the mapped system partition. For example, when the partition exchange function is determined to be turned on based on the data stored in the second storage area, the first address information in the first storage area is hidden, and the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area is read from the first register; when the partition exchange function is determined to be not turned on based on the data stored in the second storage area, the first address information is read from the first storage area. When the firmware image file is subsequently upgraded, no matter which system partition the upgraded version of the firmware image file is in, the embodiment of the present application only stores and reads the first address information in the first storage area to access the corresponding system partition. Since different system partitions do not need to be managed separately each time the firmware online upgrade operation is performed, the management cost is reduced, and the system partition selection error can be avoided at the same time, effectively preventing the device from becoming bricked.

Fig. 5 shows a structural block diagram of an electronic device 500 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Generally, the electronic device 500 includes: a processor 501 and a memory 502.

The processor 501 can be implemented in at least one of the following hardware forms: DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 501 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor, wherein the main processor is a processor for processing data in an awake state; and the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 501 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 501 may also include an artificial intelligence processor, which is used to process computing operations related to machine learning.

The memory 502 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-temporary computer-readable storage media, for example, the non-temporary computer-readable storage media may be CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory), magnetic tape, floppy disk and optical data storage device, etc. The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one computer program, which can implement the above-mentioned firmware online upgrade method when executed.

Of course, the above electronic device may also include other components, such as input/output interface, communication component, etc. The input/output interface provides an interface between the processor and the peripheral interface module, and the above peripheral interface module may be an output device, an input device, etc. The communication component is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the electronic device and other devices.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the structure shown in FIG. 5 does not limit the electronic device 500 , and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or adopt a different component arrangement.

An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one computer program is stored. When the at least one computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned firmware online upgrade method can be implemented.

An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned firmware online upgrade method can be implemented.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (12)

1. A method for online upgrading firmware, the method comprising:

In the process of executing the first system partition, when it is determined that the first firmware image file needs to be upgraded, writing a second firmware image file into the second system partition, and writing second address information of the second system partition into a first register, wherein the second firmware image file is an upgrade version of the first firmware image file, the first system partition and the second system partition are two system partitions with different address information, and the first register is used for storing actual address information mapped by the first address information of the first system partition in a first storage area;

Configuring a partition exchange identifier in a second register as a first value, and writing the first value of the partition exchange identifier into a second storage area, wherein the second register is used for configuring the value of a partition exchange related identifier, the first value is used for indicating that a partition exchange function is started, and the partition exchange function is a function of reading second address information mapped by first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

restarting the electronic equipment, and after restarting the electronic equipment, inquiring the numerical value of the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area;

When the partition exchange identifier is inquired to be a first numerical value, reading the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

And executing the second firmware image file in the second system partition based on the second address information.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, during execution of the first system partition, before determining that the first firmware image needs to be upgraded and writing the second firmware image to the second system partition, further comprises:

initializing the partition exchange function when the electronic equipment is started for the first time;

and after the partition exchange function is initialized, executing the first system partition.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein initializing the partition exchange function when the electronic device is first booted comprises:

when the electronic equipment is started for the first time, writing the first address information into the first register, and writing the first address information into the first storage area;

carrying out hash calculation on the data of the first system partition to obtain a first hash value;

Configuring a partition exchange identifier in the second register as a second value, and configuring a partition signature identifier in the second register as a third value, wherein the second value is used for indicating that the partition exchange function is closed, the third value is used for indicating that a partition signature function is opened, and the partition signature function is a function of writing a hash value corresponding to a firmware image file in a system partition into a third storage area;

Writing a second value of the partition exchange identifier and a third value of the partition signature identifier into the second storage area;

and in response to the partition signature being identified as a third value, writing the first hash value to the third storage area.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising, prior to restarting the electronic device:

Carrying out hash calculation on the data of the second system partition to obtain a second hash value;

and updating the first hash value in the third storage area to the second hash value.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein prior to executing the second firmware image in the second system partition based on the second address information, comprising:

reading the data of the second system partition according to the second address information;

carrying out hash calculation on the data of the second system partition to obtain a third hash value;

Reading the second hash value from the third storage area;

and executing the second firmware image file in the second system partition when the second hash value is matched with the third hash value.

6. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:

And in the process of executing the first system partition, executing the first firmware image file in the first system partition after the electronic equipment is restarted after determining that the first firmware image file does not need to be updated.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein after the electronic device reboots, prior to executing the first firmware image in the first system partition, further comprising:

reading the numerical value of the partition exchange identifier from the second storage area;

reading the first address information in the first storage area in response to the value of the partition exchange identifier being a second value;

reading the data of the first system partition according to the first address information;

carrying out hash calculation on the data of the first system partition to obtain a fourth hash value;

Reading the first hash value from the third storage area;

And executing the first firmware image file in the first system partition when the first hash value is matched with the fourth hash value.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:

and when the first hash value is not matched with the fourth hash value, carrying out error prompt on the electronic equipment, and restarting the electronic equipment.

9. An on-line firmware upgrade apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

The first writing module is used for writing a second firmware image file into a second system partition when the first firmware image file is determined to be updated in the process of executing the first system partition, wherein the second firmware image file is an updated version of the first firmware image file, and the first system partition and the second system partition are two system partitions with different address information;

The second writing module is used for writing second address information of the second system partition into a first register, and the first register is used for storing actual address information mapped by first address information of the first system partition in the first storage area;

The first configuration module is used for configuring the partition exchange identifier in the second register as a first value, the second register is used for configuring the value of the partition exchange related identifier, the first value is used for indicating that a partition exchange function is started, and the partition exchange function is a function of reading the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

A third writing module for writing the first value of the partition exchange identifier into the second storage area

The first restarting module is used for restarting the electronic equipment;

The inquiring module is used for inquiring the numerical value of the partition exchange identifier in the first storage area after the electronic equipment is restarted;

a first reading module, configured to read, when it is queried that the partition exchange identifier is a first value, the second address information mapped by the first address information in the first storage area from the first register;

And the first execution module is used for executing the second firmware image file in the second system partition based on the second address information.

10. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory stores at least one piece of program code; the at least one program code is for being invoked and executed by the processor to implement the firmware online upgrade method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer readable storage medium, wherein at least one computer program is stored in the computer readable storage medium, and when the at least one computer program is executed by a processor, the at least one computer program is capable of implementing the firmware online upgrade method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

12. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product comprises a computer program which, when executed by a processor, enables the firmware online upgrade method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.