CN117916478A - Needle roller bearing - Google Patents

Needle roller bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117916478A
CN117916478A CN202280060641.9A CN202280060641A CN117916478A CN 117916478 A CN117916478 A CN 117916478A CN 202280060641 A CN202280060641 A CN 202280060641A CN 117916478 A CN117916478 A CN 117916478A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
needle
rim
roller
retainer
needles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202280060641.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
渡部航大
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp filed Critical NTN Corp
Publication of CN117916478A publication Critical patent/CN117916478A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46Cages for rollers or needles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a needle bearing, which can obtain the same roller filling rate as a full-load roller type needle bearing without scattering of needle rollers during assembly. The needle bearing comprises a plurality of needles (2) and a retainer (3) for preventing the needles (2) from falling off, wherein the retainer (3) comprises a pair of annular edge parts (3 a) arranged at two axial sides and a plurality of column parts (3 b) connecting the radial outer side parts of the pair of annular edge parts (3 a) with each other at a preset interval in the circumferential direction, pockets for retaining the needles (2) are formed by the pair of annular edge parts (3 a) and the column parts (3 b), the inner diameter surface of the column parts (3 b) is closer to the outer diameter side than the pitch diameter of the needles (2), and the inter-roller gap (rs) between the needles (2) on the pitch diameter of the needles (2) is smaller than the pocket gap (cs) at the joint position of the column parts (3 b) and the needles (2), and the surface roughness (Ra) of the outer side surfaces of the annular edge parts (3 a) is set to be less than 0.4 mu m.

Description

Needle roller bearing
Technical Field
The invention relates to a needle roller bearing with a needle retainer, such as a needle roller bearing with a retainer, wherein the needle rollers are not scattered during assembly, and the roller filling rate is equal to that of a full-load roller type needle roller bearing without a retainer.
Background
In order to achieve a high load capacity in needle bearings, it is necessary to increase the roller packing.
However, in the case of the conventional needle roller bearing with a cage, the column portion of the cage is limited, and therefore, there is a limit to increase the roller filling rate.
On the other hand, in the case of a full-load roller type needle bearing without a cage, although the roller filling rate can be increased, the needle rollers are scattered at the time of assembly, and thus there is a problem in assemblability.
Patent document 1 discloses a needle roller bearing with a cage in which a column portion of the cage is provided on the outer diameter side of a pitch diameter (PCD) of the needle roller, whereby the column width of the column portion of the cage is made thin, and the roller packing ratio is increased.
However, the needle roller bearing with the cage generates an induced thrust force due to the roller inclination (skew), and the outer side surface of the cage interferes with other members, so that especially when the cage is used in a plurality of rows for the purpose of high load capacity, the cage interferes with each other in the axial direction, and therefore column strength is required.
Therefore, if the column width of the column portion of the retainer is reduced to increase the roller packing rate as in patent document 1, there is a possibility that the column strength is sacrificed.
In the needle roller bearing with a cage disclosed in patent document 2, a regulating member such as a thrust washer is provided between the outer surface of the cage and other members in order to prevent the column strength of the cage from decreasing and deforming.
However, in the case of increasing the roller packing ratio for a high load capacity of the needle roller bearing or in the case of using the needle roller bearing in a plurality of rows, if a regulating member such as a flange or a thrust washer is provided on the outer side surface of the retainer in order to avoid wear and heat generation of the retainer due to interference between the needle roller bearings, the regulating member is elongated in the axial direction according to the thickness of the regulating member, and thus there is a problem that the space in the axial direction becomes large.
Further, patent document 3 discloses a full-load roller bearing in which a self-lubricating spacer is disposed, but the spacer cannot hold the rollers, and thus there is a problem in assemblability.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 6613576
Patent document 2: japanese patent application laid-open No. 2011-012699
Patent document 3: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2014-219084
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention provides a needle bearing with a retainer for a needle, which is free from scattering of the needle during assembly as in a needle bearing with a retainer, and can obtain a roller filling rate equivalent to that of a full-load roller type needle bearing without a retainer.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a needle bearing having a plurality of needles and a retainer for preventing the needles from being separated, the retainer including: a pair of annular edge portions disposed on both sides in the axial direction; and a plurality of column portions connecting radially outer side portions of the pair of annular edge portions to each other at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction, wherein a pocket for holding the needle is formed by the pair of annular edge portions and the plurality of column portions, an inner diameter surface of the column portion is located on an outer diameter side of a pitch diameter of the needle, and a gap rs between the needle rollers on the pitch diameter of the needle rollers is smaller than a pocket gap cs formed between the column portion and the needle rollers at a contact position of the column portion and the needle rollers.
As described above, in the present invention, the inner diameter surface of the pillar portion is positioned on the outer diameter side of the pitch diameter of the needle roller, and the inter-roller gap rs between the needle rollers on the pitch diameter of the needle roller is made smaller than the pocket gap cs formed between the pillar portion and the needle roller at the contact point position between the pillar portion and the needle roller, so that even if the needle rollers tilt during operation, the adjacent needle rollers come into contact with each other before the needle rollers come into contact with the pillar portion.
In this way, in the needle roller bearing of the present invention, the roller packing ratio can be increased, and therefore, a high load capacity can be achieved.
However, with the increase in load capacity of the bearing, the induced thrust load due to the roller inclination also increases, and therefore, the outer surface of the rim portion of the retainer is expected to be strongly in contact with other members, and wear and heat are generated on the outer surface of the rim portion.
Therefore, the surface roughness Ra (arithmetic average roughness) of the finished surface of the generally good machining is 6.3 μm, and in the present invention, the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim is set to 1.6 μm or less in order to avoid abrasion and heat generation of the outer surface of the rim.
When the needle roller bearing of the present invention is used in a plurality of rows, the outer surfaces of the annular portions interfere with each other, and an induced thrust load corresponding to the number of bearing rows acts on the outer surfaces of the annular portions, so that the possibility of abrasion and heat generation of the outer surfaces of the annular portions is further increased.
Accordingly, when the needle roller bearing of the present invention is used in a plurality of rows, the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim portion needs to be set to 0.4 μm or less in order to further improve the reliability.
In the present invention, the surface roughness Ra means an arithmetic average roughness specified in JIS B0601:1990.
In the needle roller bearing of the present invention, when the ring edge portion of the retainer is inclined so that the inner diameter end thereof extends outward in the axial direction, the induced thrust force generated by the inclination of the rollers is received by the ring edge portion of the retainer, and the load point thereof moves inward in the radial direction. When the load point moves radially inward, the moment load applied to the column portion increases, and therefore the strength of the retainer increases.
In order to prevent the rim of the retainer from expanding outward in the axial direction, the angle of the rim with respect to the outer diameter surface of the retainer member must be set to 90 ° or less to reduce moment load applied to the column. On the other hand, if the rim of the retainer is excessively inclined toward the needle roller, that is, toward the inner side in the axial direction, the needle roller and the rim interfere with each other, and therefore, it is also necessary to set the lower limit value of the inclination angle of the retainer toward the inner side in the axial direction.
The lower limit value of the tilting angle of the rim portion toward the inside in the axial direction can be defined by the following equation 1.
W 1 < Tsin [ theta ] +Lcos [ theta ] … … type 1
In equation 1, W 1 is a length from the pocket to the outer side surface of the rim, T is a plate thickness of the rim, L is a length from the inner diameter end of the rim to the inner diameter surface of the post, and θ is an angle of the rim with respect to the outer diameter surface of the retainer.
Thus, in the present invention, the rim portion of the holder needs to satisfy the following expression 2.
Θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and W 1 is less than Tsin θ+Lcos θ … … type 2
In the present invention, since the induced thrust force generated by the inclination of the roller is received by the rim portion and the wide surface of the rim portion is in contact with other members, if the length of the rim portion is not sufficiently ensured, the strength of the retainer is increased. Thus, in order to increase the strength of the retainer, the relationship between the length L of the rim portion and the roller diameter Da of the needle roller is set to satisfy the following expression.
0.78≤(Lsinθ+W2)/Da<1
Wherein W 2 is the length from the outer diameter surface of the holder to the outer diameter end of the rim.
Effects of the invention
As described above, in the needle bearing of the present invention, the inner diameter surface of the pillar portion is positioned on the outer diameter side of the pitch diameter of the needle, and the roller gap rs between the needle on the pitch diameter of the needle is made smaller (narrower) than the pocket gap cs formed between the pillar portion and the needle at the contact point position of the pillar portion and the needle, so that even if the needle is inclined during operation, the adjacent needle contacts each other before the needle contacts the pillar portion.
Therefore, the load on the column portion can be reduced, the width of the column portion can be reduced, and the rolling needles can be arranged in a full-length roller state at the pitch diameter, and for example, the roller filling rate can be increased to 80% to 100%, preferably 93% to 100% or less.
In the present invention, the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim is set to 1.6 μm or less, thereby avoiding the occurrence of abrasion and heat generation on the outer surface of the rim.
Further, by setting the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim to 0.4 μm or less, even if an induced thrust load is applied to the outer surface of the rim in an amount corresponding to the number of bearing rows, the possibility of abrasion and heat generation of the outer surface of the rim can be avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a needle bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the needle bearing of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the needle bearing of fig. 1 taken at a plane orthogonal to the axis.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view showing a relationship between a column portion and a needle in the needle bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view showing a relationship between a needle roller and a rim of a needle bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the needle bearing 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of needles 2 and a retainer 3 for preventing the needles 2 from falling off (coming off), and a resin sleeve 4 for preventing the needles 2 from being scattered during assembly is fitted into the inner diameter side of the needles 2 arranged in the circumferential direction.
The holder 3 includes: a pair of annular edge portions 3a disposed on both sides in the axial direction; and a plurality of column portions 3b connecting radially outer side portions of the pair of annular edge portions 3a to each other at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, wherein a plurality of pockets for holding the needle roller 2 are formed by the pair of annular edge portions 3a and the plurality of column portions 3 b.
The inner diameter surface of the column portion 3b is located on the outer diameter side of the pitch diameter (PCD) of the needle rollers 2 arranged in the circumferential direction.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the inter-roller gap rs formed between the needle rollers 2 on the pitch circle diameter is set to be narrower than the pocket gap cs formed between the column portion and the needle rollers at the contact point position of the column portion 3b and the needle rollers 2, that is, rs < cs.
The inter-roller gap rs is a gap formed between adjacent needle rollers 2 when the needle rollers 2 are equally arranged on the pitch diameter, and can be obtained by dividing a value obtained by subtracting the length of the sum of the diameters D of the needle rollers 2 from the circumferential length of the pitch diameter by the total number of the needle rollers 2.
The pocket gap cs is a distance from the joint of the needle roller 2 and the column portion 3b to the joint of the needle roller 2 at the joint position of the needle roller 2 and the column portion 3b, and can be obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the length obtained by subtracting the diameter (for example, chord length) of the needle roller 2 at the joint position of the needle roller 2 and the column portion 3b from the inter-column distance at the joint position of the needle roller 2 and the column portion 3b in a state where the needle roller 2 is uniformly arranged on the pitch diameter.
As described above, if the inter-roller gap rs is set to be smaller than the pocket gap cs, even if the needle roller 2 is inclined during operation, the adjacent needle rollers 2 contact each other before the needle roller 2 contacts the pillar portion 3b, and thus the load on the pillar portion 3b can be reduced. Accordingly, the column width of the column portion 3b can be made small, and the needle roller 2 can be arranged in a full-length roller state on the pitch diameter, for example, the roller filling rate can be increased to 80% to 100% or less, and preferably to 93% to 100% or less.
Here, the roller packing ratio is a ratio of the sum of diameters Da of the needle rollers 2 arranged on the pitch diameter to the circumferential length of the pitch diameter of the needle rollers, and is 100% in a state where the needle rollers 2 are arranged without any gap on the pitch diameter.
In the present invention, since the inner diameter surface of the column portion 3b is provided on the outer diameter side of the pitch diameter, the retainer 3 serves as an outer diameter guide, and the strength and rigidity of the retainer 3 can be maintained high.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the column portion 3b has a tapered shape in which both side surfaces are inclined from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side, that is, the width of the column portion 3b on the outer diameter side is made wider than the width on the inner diameter side, so that the cross-sectional area of the column portion 3b can be advantageously increased, and the strength of the column portion 3b can be ensured.
The holder 3 is made of resin or steel plate. The column portion 3b of the holder 3 may be formed in a tapered shape on the side surface by milling, but may be formed in a tapered shape by surface pressing in post-processing after press processing in view of cost.
As described above, the needle roller bearing 1 of the present invention can increase the roller packing ratio to 80% to 100% or less, preferably 93% to 100% or less even with the retainer 3, and is therefore suitable for applications where a plurality of rows are arranged and applications where high-precision rotation is required.
In the needle roller bearing 1 of the present invention, the induced thrust load due to the roller inclination increases as the bearing capacity increases, and therefore, the outer surface of the rim portion 3a of the retainer 3 is expected to be strongly in contact with other members, and wear and heat are expected to occur on the outer surface of the rim portion 3 a.
Therefore, the surface roughness Ra (arithmetic average roughness) of the finished surface of the general good machining is 6.3 μm, and in the present invention, the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim 3a is set to 1.6 μm or less in order to avoid abrasion and heat generation of the outer surface of the rim 3 a.
Further, when the needle roller bearing of the present invention is used in a plurality of rows, the outer side surfaces of the ring edge portions 3a interfere with each other, and an induced thrust load corresponding to the number of bearing rows acts on the outer side surfaces of the ring edge portions 3a, so that the possibility of abrasion and heat generation on the outer side surfaces of the ring edge portions 3a is further increased.
Accordingly, when the needle roller bearing 1 of the present invention is used in a plurality of rows, the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim 3a needs to be set to 0.4 μm or less in order to further improve the reliability.
In the present invention, the surface roughness Ra means JIS B0601: 1990, arithmetic average roughness.
Next, in the needle roller bearing 1 of the present invention, when the annular edge portion 3a of the retainer 3 is inclined so that the inner diameter end thereof expands outward in the axial direction, as shown in fig. 5, the induced thrust force generated by the inclination of the rollers is received by the annular edge portion 3a of the retainer 3, and the load point thereof moves inward in the radial direction. When the load point moves radially inward, the moment load applied to the column portion 3b becomes large, and therefore the strength of the holder 3 is highly likely to be lowered.
Therefore, in the present invention, in order to prevent the annular edge portion 3a of the holder 3 from expanding outward in the axial direction, the angle of the annular edge portion 3a with respect to the outer diameter surface of the holder 3 must be set to 90 ° or less to reduce the moment load applied to the column portion 3 b. On the other hand, if the rim 3a of the retainer 3 is excessively inclined toward the needle roller 2, that is, toward the inner side in the axial direction, the needle roller 2 interferes with the rim 3a, and therefore, it is also necessary to set the lower limit value of the inclination angle toward the inner side in the axial direction.
The lower limit value of the inclination angle θ of the rim portion 3a toward the axial inner side can be defined by the following equation 1.
W 1 < Tsin [ theta ] +Lcos [ theta ] … … type 1
In equation 1, W 1 is a length from the pocket to the outer surface of the rim 3a, T is a width of the rim 3a, L is a length from the inner diameter end of the rim 3a to the inner diameter surface of the pillar 3b, and θ is an angle of the rim 3a with respect to the outer diameter surface of the holder 3.
In the present invention, therefore, the rim portion 3a of the holder 3 needs to satisfy the following expression 2.
Θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and W 1 is less than Tsin θ+Lcos θ … … type 2
In the present invention, since the induced thrust force due to the roller inclination is received by the rim portion 3a and the outer side surface of the rim portion 3a is in contact with other members, if the length of the rim portion 3a is not sufficiently secured, the strength of the retainer 3 is highly likely to be lowered.
Therefore, in the evaluation test in which the wide surface of the holder 3 is in strong contact with another member, the length L of the rim portion 3a of the holder 3 is varied, and the broken state of the holder 3 is confirmed. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the broken state of the holder 3. Wherein W 2 is the length from the outer diameter surface of the holder 3 to the outer diameter end of the rim portion 3 a.
TABLE 1
Lsinθ+W2/Da 0.60 0.70 0.75 0.77 0.78 0.79 0.80
Injury state × × × ×
O: unbroken
X: breakage of
If (Lsin θ+W 2)/Da is not more than 0.77, breakage is confirmed at the rim 3a of the holder 3, whereas if (Lsin θ+W 2)/Da is not less than 0.78, breakage is not confirmed at the rim 3a of the holder 3. Thus, by forming the length L of the rim portion 3a of the holder 3 to a predetermined size, breakage of the rim portion 3a of the holder 3 can be suppressed.
In order to improve the strength of the retainer 3, it is therefore necessary to define the relationship between the length L of the rim 3a and the roller diameter Da of the needle roller 2 as follows.
(Lsin θ+W 2)/Da is not less than 0.78 … … type 3
In order to avoid a decrease in the strength of the holder 3 due to the contact of the holder 3 with the shaft 4 and the housing 5 during operation, the following expression must be satisfied.
(Lsin θ+W 2)/Da < 1 … … type 4
According to equations 3 and 4, in order to suppress a decrease in strength of the rim portion 3a of the holder 3, equation 5 below must be satisfied.
(Lsin θ+W 2)/Da < 1 … … type 5 with a value of 0.78
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may be implemented in various forms within a scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention includes equivalent meaning as described in the scope and all modifications within the scope.
Description of the reference numerals
1: Bearing
2: Needle roller
3: Holding device
3A: annular edge part
3B: column part
4: Resin sleeve
Cs: pocket gap
Rs: gap between rollers.

Claims (4)

1. A needle bearing, characterized in that:
Having a plurality of needle rollers and a retainer for preventing the needle rollers from being separated, the retainer comprising: a pair of annular edge portions disposed on both sides in the axial direction; and a plurality of column parts connecting the outer side parts of the pair of annular edge parts in the radial direction with each other at a prescribed interval in the circumferential direction, wherein a pocket for holding the needle roller is formed by the pair of annular edge parts and the plurality of column parts,
The inner diameter surface of the pillar portion is located on the outer diameter side of the pitch diameter of the needle roller, the inter-roller gap rs between the needle rollers on the pitch diameter of the needle roller is smaller than the pocket gap cs formed between the pillar portion and the needle roller at the contact point position of the pillar portion and the needle roller, and the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim portion is set to 1.6 μm or less.
2. The needle bearing of claim 1, wherein:
the surface roughness Ra of the outer surface of the rim is set to 0.4 [ mu ] m or less.
3. The needle bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
The rim portion of the retainer satisfies the following relationship:
theta is less than or equal to 90 DEG and W 1 is less than Tsin theta+Lcos theta
Where W 1 is the length from the pocket to the outer side surface of the rim, T is the plate thickness of the rim, L is the length from the inner diameter end of the rim to the inner diameter surface of the post, and θ is the angle of the rim with respect to the outer diameter surface of the holder.
4. A needle bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the length L of the ring edge part of the retainer and the roller diameter Da of the roller pin satisfy the following relation:
0.78≤(Lsinθ+W2)/Da<1
Wherein W 2 is the length from the outer diameter surface of the holder to the outer diameter end of the rim.
CN202280060641.9A 2021-09-10 2022-08-29 Needle roller bearing Pending CN117916478A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021147758A JP2023040651A (en) 2021-09-10 2021-09-10 needle roller bearing
JP2021-147758 2021-09-10
PCT/JP2022/032424 WO2023037918A1 (en) 2021-09-10 2022-08-29 Needle roller bearing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117916478A true CN117916478A (en) 2024-04-19

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ID=85506652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202280060641.9A Pending CN117916478A (en) 2021-09-10 2022-08-29 Needle roller bearing

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2023040651A (en)
CN (1) CN117916478A (en)
WO (1) WO2023037918A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000074071A (en) * 1998-08-28 2000-03-07 Nippon Seiko Kk Cage and roller
JP2005106211A (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-04-21 Ntn Corp Roller with retainer
JP5465003B2 (en) * 2009-12-28 2014-04-09 Ntn株式会社 Roller with cage and molding method of resin cage
JP2021080973A (en) * 2019-11-15 2021-05-27 日本精工株式会社 Rolling bearing and method for manufacturing the same
JP2022144638A (en) * 2021-03-19 2022-10-03 Ntn株式会社 needle roller bearing

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WO2023037918A1 (en) 2023-03-16

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