CN117914878A - Electric energy meter communication link management method and device - Google Patents
Electric energy meter communication link management method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter, wherein each next electric energy meter sequentially sends a networking application to central management equipment on a support channel; the central management equipment performs baud rate self-adaption, protocol type analysis and communication time stamp research and judgment based on the networking application; the center management equipment establishes a complete communication link table based on the communication address and the channel number of the next electric energy meter; the central management equipment receives data sent by the master station to the downlink electric energy meter, and obtains an access optimal path of the downlink electric energy meter through retrieving the communication link table to communicate. The invention can solve the dilemma of diversification and complexity of field acquisition equipment and achieve the purposes of reducing cost and facilitating operation and maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of implementation of electric energy meter communication links, and particularly relates to an electric energy meter communication link management method and device.
Background
At present, the electricity acquisition system faces the problems of various acquisition equipment, complex support protocol types, support of communication media and communication baud rate, such as: the concentrator and the collector only support the protocol a, but the electric energy meter does not support the protocol a and only supports the protocol b; because of the baud rate problem, concentrators and collectors require multiple attempts to read the correct data. The conditions greatly influence the efficiency of reading the data of the electric energy meter by the concentrator and the collector. At present, the files are mainly managed by configuring the files of the electric energy meter at the collector, for example: the current communication address of the electric energy meter is hung down, and the parameters which are supported by the electric energy meter and must be used for reading data, such as protocol, channel number, baud rate and the like, are used for solving the problems.
However, in the face of massive electric energy meters and huge differences, the number of archives to be built is additionally huge. Particularly, when an electric energy meter is added or deleted in a power grid system, personnel are required to maintain, manage and manage files, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are input.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the current electricity acquisition system faces various acquisition equipment, supports complex protocol types and different communication medium and communication baud rates, and provides a method and a device for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter, which solve the dilemma of diversification and complexity of field acquisition equipment and achieve the purposes of reducing cost and facilitating operation and maintenance.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter, which comprises the following steps:
S1, each next electric energy meter sequentially sends networking application to central management equipment on a support channel; the central management equipment performs baud rate self-adaption, protocol type analysis and communication time stamp research and judgment based on the networking application, and receives an application of a next electric energy meter with the effective communication time stamp;
s2, the center management equipment establishes a complete communication link table based on the communication address and the channel number of the next electric energy meter;
s3, the central management equipment receives data sent by the master station to the downlink electric energy meter, and a downlink communication entity pair is created; and acquiring an access optimal path of the next electric energy meter by searching the communication link table, and carrying out communication.
Further, the format of the networking application includes: the baud rate self-adaptive characteristic character, a data frame of a communication protocol supported by the electric energy meter, a communication time stamp and a maximum allowable time deviation.
Further, the baud rate adaptive feature character is composed of a plurality of bytes, and the central management device performs baud rate adaptation based on the baud rate adaptive feature character; the data frame is the content which is expected to be transmitted actually under the corresponding channel, and the communication protocol type is identified by the central management equipment.
Further, the baud rate adaptation comprises the steps of:
when the receiving interruption detects the initial bit, namely the falling edge, of a certain baud rate characteristic character, the count value of the timer is recorded as cntr1;
When the receiving interruption detects the ending bit of the baud rate character, namely, the rising edge, the count value of the recording timer is cntr2;
The corresponding baud rate Baud x is obtained by adopting the following formula;
wherein: f is the main frequency of the timer, transBit is the effective transmission bit of the baud rate character;
matching the baud rate Baud x with each standard baud rate Baud std;
If it is The baud rate Baud std corresponding to Baud x is a baud rate value used for communication; where σ is the maximum allowable deviation using the current standard baud rate.
Further, the protocol type parsing includes the steps of:
Acquiring frame header, milestone information and offset ofsMS of milestones of received message data by adopting a multi-protocol filtering analyzer, and matching with data frame formats of multiple protocols;
When node information in the current milepost information passes over the endpoint milestone of a certain protocol first, the establishment of the protocol is indicated, and the protocol type is matched.
Further, the communication time stamp grinding and judging comprises the following steps:
Let the time consumed for networking under the channel chnnl be Wherein: i represents the number of the electric energy meter application identified by the central management device, ti represents the time consumed by the correct interaction of the central management device and the ith electric energy meter under the channel chnnl, and Nchnnl represents the number of the electric energy meters correctly interacted under the channel;
Judging whether the time consumption delta t i,chnnl of networking of the ith electric energy meter under the channel chnnl meets the following formula: i CurTime-Tstamp i|<TimeERRi+Δti,chnnl; wherein: curTime is the system time of the current central management device, tstampi is the timestamp in the data frame of the received ith electric energy meter, and TimeERRi is the maximum allowable time deviation;
if the condition is satisfied, the application of the next electric energy meter is received by the central management equipment.
Further, establishing the complete communication link table includes:
The central management equipment updates the link layer routing information based on the networking application sent by the next electric energy meter i received on the channel chnnl, and completes the information collection and storage of single data members;
repeatedly executing the step S1, and constructing communication link tables of all the next electric energy meters under all the channels;
The link layer routing information includes source communication address, source channel number, source protocol type, source baud rate, logic address, client address and destination communication address.
Further, acquiring an access optimal path of the next electric energy meter, namely searching a busy state of a support channel of the electric energy meter in the communication link meter, and selecting the support channel with the maximum baud rate as the optimal path to be transmitted;
The downstream communication entity is used for recording the communication route of the central management equipment and the next electric energy meter.
Further, the method comprises a protocol conversion step: the central management equipment realizes the request data frame transmission and response data frame reception of the target address through the protocol conversion table; in particular to a special-shaped ceramic tile,
When the central management equipment identifies the protocol type which is met by the data frame of a certain communication address issued by the master station and is inconsistent with the protocol type supported by the electric energy meter of the destination communication address acquired by inquiring the communication link table, the central management equipment transmits the data frame to the next electric energy meter of the corresponding communication address after carrying out protocol conversion through the protocol conversion table;
And similarly, when the next electric energy meter generates a response, the response is returned to the central management equipment, and the central management equipment converts response data into a data frame conforming to the protocol of the master station through the protocol conversion table and forwards the data frame to the master station.
An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:
a memory storing executable instructions;
a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the power meter communication link management method of any of claims 1-8.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention sequentially sends networking application on the supporting channel through the electric energy meter, the central management equipment completes baud rate self-adaption, multi-protocol identification and communication time stamp research and judgment, and updates the communication link table; when an access command of the master station is received, an access optimal path of a target address is obtained based on a communication link table, and a communication routing relation of a communication entity to the recorded data frame is obtained.
When the data frame protocol identified by the central management equipment is inconsistent with the protocol supported by the target address electric energy meter in the communication link table, the protocol conversion table is used for converting the data frame of the master station and the protocol conversion of the response data of the next electric energy meter.
The device and the method effectively solve the dilemma of diversification and complexity of field acquisition equipment, and achieve the purposes of reducing cost and facilitating operation and maintenance.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of baud rate adaptation according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of multi-protocol identification of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of establishing a communication link table and accessing an optimal path according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of protocol conversion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
The invention provides a method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter, which comprises the following steps:
S1, a next electric energy meter sequentially sends networking application on a supporting channel, and central management equipment performs operations such as baud rate self-adaption, protocol analysis, communication time stamp research and judgment;
In S1, the algorithm of baud rate adaptation of the received data frame is as follows:
When the receiving interruption detects the initial bit, namely the falling edge, of a certain baud rate characteristic character, the count value of the timer is recorded as cntr1; when the reception interrupt detects a rising edge, which is an end bit of the baud rate character, the count value of the recording timer is cntr2. Assuming that the main frequency of the timer is f and the effective transmission bit of the agreed baud rate character is TransNum, the corresponding baud rate is:
If it is Wherein σ uses the maximum allowable deviation of the current standard baud rate, then the baud rate Baudstd corresponding to Baudx is the baud rate value used for communication.
Wherein the automatic identification protocol type includes identification of multiple protocols:
The multi-protocol identification function needs the work of communication instantiation objects, protocol tool chains for filtering analysis of various protocols, protocol initialization and the like; for the application scene of multiple protocols, when a communication data stream is being asynchronously input on a certain channel, respectively calling a link layer grammar analyzer of multiple protocols to analyze the data stream, and adopting a multiple protocol filtering analyzer to match with the data frame format of the corresponding protocol according to the frame header of the currently received message data, the tombstone information in the corresponding protocol and the offset ofsMS of the milestone:
nextMileStone k+1＝PRTLi(CurMileStonek), (i=0, 1,) m and k=1, n
Wherein: PRTL i is the ith protocol type, curMileStone k is the current mileboard node, m is the total number of currently supported protocols, n is the total number of milestones, nextMileStone k+1 is the offset of the next milestone;
When node information in the current milepost information passes over the endpoint milestone of a certain protocol first, the establishment of the protocol is indicated, and the protocol type is matched.
Wherein, the communication time stamp research judgement includes the following steps:
Let the time consumed for networking under the channel chnnl be Wherein: i represents the number of the electric energy meter application identified by the central management device, ti represents the time consumed by the correct interaction of the central management device and the ith electric energy meter under the channel chnnl, and Nchnnl represents the number of the electric energy meters correctly interacted under the channel;
Judging whether the time consumption delta t i,chnnl of networking of the ith electric energy meter under the channel chnnl meets the following formula: i CurTime-Tstamp i|<TimeERRi+Δti,chnnl; wherein: curTime is the system time of the current central management device, tstamp i is the timestamp in the data frame of the received ith electric energy meter, and TimeERR i is the maximum allowable time deviation;
if the condition is satisfied, the application of the next electric energy meter is received by the central management equipment.
S2, the center management equipment establishes a complete communication link table by connecting the communication address and the channel number of the electric energy meter:
The link layer routing information includes: the source communication address sAddr, the source channel number sChnnl, the source protocol type prtlType, the source baud rate sBaud, the logical address, the client address, the target communication address dAddr and the like are mainly used for realizing the communication link routing function of the next electric energy meter through the central management equipment center management equipment of the master station.
The communication address and the channel number of the next electric energy meter are used as input factors, the networking application sent by the next electric energy meter i is received on a specific channel chnnl through the central management equipment, so that the link layer routing information is updated, and the central management equipment completes the information collection of single data members of the communication link routing table. Thereby, the communication link list of all the following electric energy meters under all the channels is completed:
ComLinkTabli,chnnl(i＝1,2,.....Nchnnl)
Wherein Nchnnl represents the total number of corresponding power meters under the current channel (chnnl =1, 2,., k, where k represents the total channel number).
S3, the center management equipment creates a next communication entity pair by retrieving the communication link table, and realizes the access optimal path selection for the next electric energy meter:
The actual communication process includes an uplink communication entity pair UpComEntity, a downlink communication entity pair DownComEntity, a maximum tolerance time DownOccurTime occupied by downlink communication, and the like. The uplink communication entity UpComEntity is used for realizing communication routing of the central management equipment and the master station; the down communication entity DownComEntity routes communications for implementing the central management facility and the down power meter.
And the destination communication address is used as an input factor, the member-destination communication address in the communication link table ComLinkTabl is traversed, the busy state of communication is judged, and a support channel with the maximum baud rate is selected as a channel to be transmitted, so that the communication transmission efficiency is ensured.
And S4, the central management equipment transmits the request data frame and receives the response data frame which are suitable for the target equipment through the protocol conversion table.
When the central management device recognizes that the data frame issued by the master station at a certain communication address accords with the protocol a, if the communication link table ComLinkTabl is queried, the protocol a is not supported at the destination communication address, and only the protocol b is supported, the protocol conversion is needed through the protocol conversion table PrtlTransTab. Similarly, when the next electric energy meter generates a response, response data needs to be converted into a data frame conforming to the master station protocol a.
ptrlb＝PrtlTransTab(ptrla)
ptrla＝PrtlTransTab-1(ptrlb)
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
As shown in fig. 2, the flow of baud rate adaptation in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
(1) The central management equipment waits until the initial bit, namely the falling edge, of the baud rate self-adaptive characteristic character is received in the receiving interruption, otherwise, the count value cntr1 of the current timer is recorded;
(2) The central management equipment waits until the end bit, namely the rising edge, of the baud rate self-adaptive characteristic character is received in the receiving interruption, otherwise, the count value cntr2 of the current timer is recorded;
(3) Calculating the baud rate Baudx of the current baud rate self-adaptive characteristic character;
(4) The deviation of the current baud rate Baudx from the standard baud rate Baudstd is calculated. If the current baud rate deviation is smaller than the maximum allowed baud deviation sigma, the standard baud rate is used; otherwise, the use of the standard baud rate is abandoned, and whether the next standard baud rate meets the requirement is judged until the baud rate meeting the requirement is found.
As shown in fig. 3, a flowchart of multi-protocol identification in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
(1) Initializing data structure members of the multi-protocol filter;
(2) It is determined whether the frame head pointer of the currently pointed data unit corresponds to the initial milestone. If not, pointing the frame head pointer of the pointed data unit to the next data unit, and repeating the operation (2); if yes, continuing to execute downwards;
(3) Adding 1 to the offset address of the analyzed frame, and predicting the offset of the next milestone to the frame head according to the current milestone information;
(4) It is determined whether the analyzed frame offset is equal to the offset of the next milestone. If equal, pointing to the next milestone, and adding 1 to the offset of the analyzed frame; if not, adding 1 to the offset address of the analyzed frame, and repeating the operation (4);
(5) It is determined whether the currently analyzed data is an ending symbol. If the frame is the ending symbol, finding a data frame conforming to a certain protocol, and recording frame characteristic information and data content; if not, pointing to (4).
As shown in fig. 4, for establishing a communication link layer and accessing an optimal path in this embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Updating a communication link table of the next electric energy meter according to the networking process;
(2) Judging whether the target communication address issued by the master station is the communication address of the upper management equipment, if so, directly processing by the upper management equipment; if the communication address of the management device is not uploaded, judging whether the current target communication address is in a communication link table. If not, directly returning; if so, creating a next communication entity, converting the protocol and forwarding the data.
(3) Searching a channel meeting the requirements, matching the channel with the maximum baud rate, and transmitting data by using the channel.
As shown in fig. 5, a flow chart of protocol conversion in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:
(1) A protocol type a of a data frame issued by a current master station;
(2) Determining a protocol type b supported under a current channel according to a destination communication address and a channel link table issued by a master station;
(3) The conversion from the protocol a to the protocol b is completed through a channel protocol conversion table;
(4) And finishing the transmission of the request data frame of the next electric energy meter according to the information such as the channel number, the baud rate and the like in the channel link table. If the current downlink channel is in an idle state, directly transmitting a data frame; if the current downlink channel is busy, the data frame is put into a queue to be sent;
(5) After receiving the response data frame of the next electric energy meter, the central management equipment completes the conversion from the protocol b to the protocol a through the protocol conversion table again and completes the response data frame of the master station.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described.
Claims (10)
1. The electric energy meter communication link management method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, each next electric energy meter sequentially sends networking application to central management equipment on a support channel; the central management equipment performs baud rate self-adaption, protocol type analysis and communication time stamp research and judgment based on the networking application, and receives an application of a next electric energy meter with the effective communication time stamp;
s2, the center management equipment establishes a complete communication link table based on the communication address and the channel number of the next electric energy meter;
s3, the central management equipment receives data sent by the master station to the downlink electric energy meter, and a downlink communication entity pair is created; and acquiring an access optimal path of the next electric energy meter by searching the communication link table, and carrying out communication.
2. The method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter according to claim 1, wherein the format of the networking application comprises: the baud rate self-adaptive characteristic character, a data frame of a communication protocol supported by the electric energy meter, a communication time stamp and a maximum allowable time deviation.
3. The electric energy meter communication link management method according to claim 2, wherein the baud rate adaptive feature character is composed of a plurality of bytes, and the central management device performs baud rate adaptation based on the baud rate adaptive feature character; the data frame is the content which is expected to be transmitted actually under the corresponding channel, and the communication protocol type is identified by the central management equipment.
4. A method of managing a communication link of an electric energy meter according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said baud rate adaptation comprises the steps of:
when the receiving interruption detects the initial bit, namely the falling edge, of a certain baud rate characteristic character, the count value of the timer is recorded as cntr1;
When the receiving interruption detects the ending bit of the baud rate character, namely, the rising edge, the count value of the recording timer is cntr2;
The corresponding baud rate Baud x is obtained by adopting the following formula;
wherein: f is the main frequency of the timer, transBit is the effective transmission bit of the baud rate character;
matching the baud rate Baud x with each standard baud rate Baud std;
If it is The baud rate Baud std corresponding to Baud x is a baud rate value used for communication; where σ is the maximum allowable deviation using the current standard baud rate.
5. The method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter according to claim 1, wherein the protocol type analysis includes the steps of:
Acquiring frame header, milestone information and offset ofsMS of milestones of received message data by adopting a multi-protocol filtering analyzer, and matching with data frame formats of multiple protocols;
When node information in the current milepost information passes over the endpoint milestone of a certain protocol first, the establishment of the protocol is indicated, and the protocol type is matched.
6. The method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter according to claim 1, wherein said judging of the communication time stamp comprises the steps of:
Let the time consumed for networking under the channel chnnl be Wherein: i represents the number of the electric energy meter application identified by the central management device, ti represents the time consumed by the correct interaction of the central management device and the ith electric energy meter under the channel chnnl, and Nchnnl represents the number of the electric energy meters correctly interacted under the channel;
Judging whether the time consumption delta t i,chnnl of networking of the ith electric energy meter under the channel chnnl meets the following formula: i CurTime-Tstamp i|<TimeERRi+Δti,chnnl; wherein: curTime is the system time of the current central management device, tstamp i is the timestamp in the data frame of the received ith electric energy meter, and TimeERR i is the maximum allowable time deviation;
if the condition is satisfied, the application of the next electric energy meter is received by the central management equipment.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein establishing a complete communication link table comprises:
The central management equipment updates the link layer routing information based on the networking application sent by the next electric energy meter i received on the channel chnnl, and completes the information collection and storage of single data members;
repeatedly executing the step S1, and constructing communication link tables of all the next electric energy meters under all the channels;
The link layer routing information includes source communication address, source channel number, source protocol type, source baud rate, logic address, client address and destination communication address.
8. The method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter according to claim 6, wherein:
the method comprises the steps that an access optimal path of a next electric energy meter is obtained, the busy and idle state of an electric energy meter support channel in a communication link meter is searched, and a support channel with the maximum baud rate is selected as an optimal path to be transmitted;
The downstream communication entity is used for recording the communication route of the central management equipment and the next electric energy meter.
9. The method for managing a communication link of an electric energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises a protocol conversion step of: the central management equipment realizes the request data frame transmission and response data frame reception of the target address through the protocol conversion table; in particular to a special-shaped ceramic tile,
When the central management equipment identifies the protocol type which is met by the data frame of a certain communication address issued by the master station and is inconsistent with the protocol type supported by the electric energy meter of the destination communication address acquired by inquiring the communication link table, the central management equipment transmits the data frame to the next electric energy meter of the corresponding communication address after carrying out protocol conversion through the protocol conversion table;
And similarly, when the next electric energy meter generates a response, the response is returned to the central management equipment, and the central management equipment converts response data into a data frame conforming to the protocol of the master station through the protocol conversion table and forwards the data frame to the master station.
10. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:
a memory storing executable instructions;
a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the power meter communication link management method of any of claims 1-8.
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