CN117914182A - Solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural greenhouse energy utilization and regulation, in particular to a solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system and a control method. The solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system comprises a single device, an automatic control system, a speed reduction motor (5), a transmission shaft (6), a storage battery (7) and an inverter (8); the invention can utilize the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse to generate electricity, and the cold climate environment in winter in northern China can last for a long time, so that the temperature difference can be continuously utilized to generate electricity. According to the invention, solar radiation entering the south base angle of the greenhouse is concentrated and reflected to the thermoelectric generation device, so that the power generation efficiency and the solar energy utilization rate are further improved. The invention adopts a plurality of groups of power generation devices to generate power in parallel, the power generation power can meet the power consumption requirement of a daily greenhouse, the extra energy supply is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced. The invention has high automation degree, relatively simple device structure, convenient installation and maintenance and reduced maintenance cost of the greenhouse.

Description

Solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system and control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural greenhouse energy utilization and regulation, in particular to a solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system and a control method.

Background

With the great development of low-carbon renewable energy utilization technology in China, the sunlight greenhouse has wider application area as a high-efficiency energy utilization facility. The method mainly relies on clean renewable energy source-solar energy to perform production activities, and can provide a proper growth environment for crops in cold areas in winter. Solar radiation is continuously received by the roof before the greenhouse in daytime, and the solar radiation energy is converted into heat energy of each enclosure structure in the greenhouse through radiation heat transfer, convection heat transfer and the like. In winter of severe cold in northern areas, the sunlight greenhouse can achieve continuous and wide-range temperature difference effect in a quite long period, and the average day and night air temperature difference can reach 40-60 ℃. The long-period temperature difference effect can be utilized to generate electricity by means of the temperature difference power generation device, so that energy consumption can be effectively reduced, and the solar energy utilization efficiency can be improved.

At present, the related concepts of power generation and energy saving by utilizing temperature difference are still lacking in the field of agricultural greenhouse energy-saving facilities, and related matched equipment is more seldom. The thermoelectric generation principle needs to rely on higher temperature difference to obtain higher generating efficiency, so that the thermoelectric generation principle can be matched with a photo-thermal conversion device to convert light energy into heat energy to further improve the temperature difference and increase the generating efficiency. The electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation device can be used for running electricity of various electrical components in a greenhouse, such as lamplight, a water heat storage water pump, a fan, a curtain rolling machine, a ventilation window, an environment sensor and the like, so that the electricity demand of an external power grid is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the sunlight of a sunlight greenhouse is truly realized, and the energy consumption is further reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a solar greenhouse south roof thermoelectric generation and power storage system, which has high light energy utilization rate, can realize solar photo-thermal conversion and thermoelectric generation utilization, effectively reduces greenhouse energy consumption and improves energy renewable utilization rate.

The invention further aims to provide a control method of the solar greenhouse south roof thermoelectric generation and storage system, which has high light energy utilization rate, can realize solar photo-thermal conversion and thermoelectric generation utilization, effectively reduces greenhouse energy consumption and improves energy renewable utilization rate.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system comprises a containment wall body 2 at one side of a greenhouse, nanwu face films at the south of the greenhouse and a raisable heat preservation quilt 1 on nanwu face films;

the solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system comprises a single device, an automatic control system, a speed reduction motor 5, a transmission shaft 6, a storage battery 7 and an inverter 8;

The single devices comprise a plurality of groups, and each group of single devices comprises a temperature difference power generation device 3 and a condensation reflection device 4 which are arranged at the bottom of a solar greenhouse south roofing film;

The thermoelectric generation device 3 comprises a cold end radiating fin 21, a cold end radiating fin bottom plate, angle iron sheets 22, a hot end heat collecting sheet 23, a hot end heat collecting sheet bottom plate and a thermoelectric generation unit 24;

the cold end radiating fins 21 are arranged on the outer side of the bottom plate of the cold end radiating fins and are arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the south roofing membrane; the hot end heat collecting sheet 23 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate of the hot end heat collecting sheet and is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the south roofing film; the inner side of the cold end radiating fin bottom plate is attached to the outer side of the hot end heat collecting fin bottom plate, and the thermoelectric generation unit 24 and nanwu face films are clamped between the cold end radiating fin bottom plate and the hot end heat collecting fin bottom plate;

Each angle iron sheet 22 comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are mutually perpendicular, threaded holes are formed in the horizontal section and the vertical section of each angle iron sheet 22, wherein the horizontal section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the outer side of a bottom plate of a cold end radiating fin is fixedly connected with the cold end radiating fin 21 through a screw, the horizontal section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the inner side of the bottom plate of a hot end heat collecting sheet is fixedly connected with the hot end heat collecting sheet 23 through a screw, the vertical section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the outer side is fixedly connected with the vertical section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the inner side through a screw, and the temperature difference generating units 24 and nanwu are clamped in the middle;

The thermoelectric generation unit 24 is formed by connecting a plurality of thermoelectric generation pieces 25 in series and parallel;

The gear motor 5, the transmission shaft 6, the storage battery 7 and the inverter 8 are arranged on the inner side of the greenhouse side wall body; the plurality of groups of thermoelectric generation devices 3 are all rotationally connected with the same transmission shaft 6; the transmission shaft 6 is rotationally connected with a power output shaft of the gear motor 5 and is fixedly connected with the enclosure wall 2 through a bearing and a fixing bolt 20;

The temperature difference power generation devices 3 are connected in parallel by adopting a parallel circuit to form a plurality of groups of parallel temperature difference power generation units 28, and two ends of an output circuit are connected with the storage battery 7; the storage battery 7 is internally stored as direct current and is in circuit connection with the inverter 8 to convert the direct current into alternating current;

the light condensation reflecting device 4 comprises a worm gear speed reducer 9, a concave light condensation reflecting mirror 10, an elevation angle rotating module 11, a fixed support 13, a rotating shaft 15, a rotating shell 31 and an elevation angle adjusting device 32;

The fixed support 13 of the light condensation and reflection device 4 is fixed at the bottom of the south roof and at the rear of the thermoelectric generation device 3 through foundation bolts 14;

The rotating shaft 15 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 15 is arranged on the fixed support 13; the worm gear speed reducer 9 comprises a worm 16 and a worm wheel 17; the turbine 17 is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 15 through shaft key matching; the worm 16 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 6; the axis of the worm 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the worm wheel 17, and the worm 16 and the worm wheel 17 are meshed with each other; a plurality of worm bearings 18 are arranged on the transmission shaft 6;

the concave concentrating mirror 10 is arranged behind the hot-end heat collecting plate 23, i.e., the north part of the hot-end heat collecting plate 23 faces the south;

The upper end of the rotating shaft 15 is rotationally connected with the shell 19 through a bearing, and the lower end is rotationally connected with the fixed support 13 through a support bearing 29 on the fixed support 13; the lower part of the rotating shaft 15 is sleeved with a rotating shaft sleeve 30, the rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft sleeve 30, and the rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with a rotating shell 31;

The rotary shell 31 is fixedly connected with the elevation angle adjusting device 32; the elevation adjusting device 32 and the elevation rotating module 11 are rotationally connected through a shaft and a cylindrical connecting piece 33; the concave condensing reflector 10 is fixedly connected with the elevation angle rotation module 11 through four support rods;

the automatic control system is electrically connected with the gear motor 5.

The hot-end heat collecting plate 23 comprises a plurality of rectangular metal sheets which are horizontally arranged and are distributed on the whole bottom plate of the hot-end heat collecting plate, the thickness of each metal sheet is 1.2 cm, and the distance between every two adjacent metal sheets is 1.2 cm.

The thermoelectric generation sheets 25 are connected in series through a lead 26 to form a single row of thermoelectric generation sheets; the multiple rows of thermoelectric generation sheets are connected in parallel through wires 26 to form a single thermoelectric generation unit 24; the plurality of thermoelectric generation units 24 are connected in parallel by wires 26 to form a plurality of parallel thermoelectric generation units 28.

The inverter 8 is connected with the gear motor 5 and other electric appliances 27 to supply power for the electric equipment.

A layer of metal film is attached to the surface of the hot end heat collection sheet 23 by adopting a magnetron sputtering film plating technology; the cold end radiating fins 21 and the hot end heat collecting fins 23 adopt concave-convex type multi-layer structures; and heat conduction silicone grease is filled among the cold end radiating fins 21, the hot end heat collecting fins 23 and the thermoelectric generation fins 25 to increase the heat conductivity.

The elevation knob 12 is fixedly connected with the bidirectional screw 34, two ends of the bidirectional screw 34 are respectively connected with a movable slide block 37, each movable slide block 37 is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod 38, and the second connecting rod 38 is fixedly connected with a boss connecting piece 35; the boss connecting piece 35 and the rotating disc 39 are movably connected through a first connecting rod 36; the rotating disc 39 and the cylindrical connecting piece 33 are fixedly connected through a shaft;

Turning elevation knob 12, bi-directional screw 34 turns to drive moving slide 37 to move relatively or in opposite directions; the boss link 35 moves to both sides and transmits power to the first links 36, and the rotating disk 39 rotates under the opposite force of the two first links 36 and transmits power to the cylindrical link 33; the cylindrical connecting piece 33 is fixedly connected with the elevation rotation module 11, and the rotation of the elevation rotation module 11 can be adjusted by rotating the elevation knob 12, so that the elevation angle is changed.

The automatic control system adopts a common servo motor control system in the market to regulate and control the gear motor 5.

The automatic control system is an epoch supergroup LL2200.

A control method for a solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system comprises the following steps:

Step S1: starting the gear motor 5, driving the transmission shaft 6 to rotate reversely by the gear motor 5, transmitting power to the turbine worm device 9 by the transmission shaft 6, and stopping the gear motor 5 when the light-gathering reflector 4 is driven to rotate from west to east to the position of the sunlight direct-irradiation concave light-gathering reflector 10;

step S2: the thermoelectric power generation process comprises the following steps:

The sunlight irradiates the surface of the hot-end heat collecting plate 23 to realize the conversion of light energy into heat energy, and meanwhile, under the convection effect of hot air in a greenhouse, the temperature of the hot-end heat collecting plate 23 rises, and the temperature of the outdoor cold-end radiating plate 21 is maintained at a lower level under the influence of external cold air; the temperature generating sheet 25 clamped between the hot end heat collecting sheet 23 and the cold end radiating sheet 21 generates current output under the action of temperature difference; the output of higher power is realized by a serial and parallel combination mode among a plurality of thermoelectric generation pieces 25 and thermoelectric generation units 24;

The thermoelectric generation process can be continued throughout the day because there is always a temperature difference between the hot-side heat collecting fins 23 and the cold-side heat dissipating fins 21; the power generated in the daytime is high, and the power generated in the night is relatively low;

Step S3: and (3) angle adjustment:

Step S3.1, the automatic control system calculates the included angle between the direct sunlight and the normal of the mirror surface according to the change of the azimuth angle of the sun at different moments, and calculates the rotation angular speed of the rotating shaft 15 in unit working time of the gear motor 5; the normal angle between the direct solar light and the concave concentrating mirror 10 is calibrated by taking a time interval of 30 minutes as a reference, so that the working time detail of the all-day speed reducing motor 5, namely the time threshold value of each working time, is obtained, the concave concentrating mirror 10 is automatically controlled to rotate in the east-west direction perpendicular to the ground, and the efficiency of receiving solar radiation is enhanced by adjusting the normal angle between the direct solar light and the concave concentrating mirror 10 at different times;

The automatic control system sends a reversing instruction to the gear motor 5, the gear motor 5 works to output power to the transmission shaft 6, and the transmission shaft 6 rotates to drive the worm 16 to rotate in the same direction; in the worm gear device 9, a worm 16 transmits power to a turbine 17, and the turbine 17 rotates to drive a rotating shaft 15 to rotate from west to east;

When the light-gathering reflector 4 rotates to be capable of just reflecting sunlight to the surface of the hot-end heat collecting sheet 23, the time threshold recorded in the automatic control system is reached, a stop working instruction is sent to the gear motor 5, the gear motor 5 stops working, and the output power is interrupted; at this time, sunlight irradiates the concave concentrating mirror 10 through the film and then is reflected to the surface of the hot end heat collecting plate 23;

Step S3.2, driving the elevation rotation module 11 to rotate by adjusting the elevation knob 12, and changing the elevation height of the condensing and reflecting device 4;

Step S4: electrical energy storage and utilization:

The direct current generated by the thermoelectric generation device 3 flows to the storage battery 7 through a lead 26 for electric energy storage; and then flows to the inverter 8 through the lead 26 to realize the conversion of direct current into alternating current, and finally is used for power supply of the gear motor 5 and other electric appliances 27.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system and the control method can utilize the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse to generate power, and the cold climate environment in winter in northern China can last for a long time, so that the temperature difference can be continuously utilized to generate power.

2. According to the solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system and the control method, solar radiation entering the greenhouse south base corner is concentrated and reflected to the temperature difference power generation device, and the power generation efficiency and the solar energy utilization rate are further improved.

3. The solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system and the control method adopt a plurality of groups of power generation devices to generate power in parallel, the power generation power can meet the daily greenhouse power consumption requirement, the extra energy supply is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

4. The solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system and the control method thereof have the advantages of high automation degree, relatively simple device structure, convenience in installation and maintenance and reduction of greenhouse maintenance cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional system layout of a solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of the present invention at a front view of the greenhouse;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a partial section of a rear view angle of a greenhouse of the solar greenhouse south roof thermoelectric generation and storage system of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the major system structural components of the solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a concentrating and reflecting device 4 of a solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a turbine worm reduction gear 9 of a solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a thermoelectric generation device 3 of a solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system power generation process circuit of the solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric power generation and storage system of the invention;

FIG. 8 is an east-west sectional view of a portion of the structure of the concentrating and reflecting device of the solar greenhouse south-roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of a concentrating and reflecting device of a solar greenhouse south-roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system in the north-south direction;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the elevation angle adjusting device of the solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system.

Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:

1. Heat preservation quilt 2 and enclosure wall

3. Thermoelectric power generation device 4 and light-condensing reflection device

5. Reducing motor 6, drive shaft

7. Accumulator 8, inverter

9. Turbine worm speed reducer 10 and concave light-gathering reflector

11. Elevation rotation module 12, elevation knob

13. Fixed support 14 and anchor bolt

15. Rotating shaft 16, worm

17. Turbine 18, worm bearing

19. Shell 20 and fixing bolt

21. Cold end radiating fin 22 and angle iron sheet

23. Hot end heat collecting sheet 24 and thermoelectric power generation unit

25. Thermoelectric generation sheet 26, wire

27. Other electric appliances 28, multiple groups of parallel thermoelectric generation units

29. Support bearing 30, rotating sleeve

31. Rotating housing 32 and elevation angle adjusting device

33. Cylindrical connector 34, bidirectional screw

35. Boss connector 36, first link

37. A movable slide 38, a second link

39. Rotary disc

Detailed Description

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.

A solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system comprises a surrounding wall body 2 at one side of a greenhouse, nanwu face films at the south of the greenhouse and a heat preservation quilt 1 capable of being lifted on nanwu face films. The solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system comprises a single device, an automatic control system, a speed reducing motor 5, a transmission shaft 6, a storage battery 7 and an inverter 8.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the single units comprise a plurality of groups, and each group of single units comprises a thermoelectric generation device 3 and a condensation reflection device 4 which are arranged at the bottom of a solar greenhouse south roofing film.

As shown in fig. 6, the thermoelectric generation device 3 includes a cold-end heat sink 21, a cold-end heat sink bottom plate, angle iron plates 22, a hot-end heat collecting plate 23, a hot-end heat collecting plate bottom plate, and a thermoelectric generation unit 24.

The cold end cooling fin 21 is arranged outside the bottom plate of the cold end cooling fin and is arranged at the bottom outside the south roofing membrane.

The hot end heat collecting plate 23 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate of the hot end heat collecting plate and is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the south roofing membrane. The hot-end heat collecting plate 23 comprises a plurality of rectangular metal sheets which are horizontally arranged and are distributed on the whole bottom plate of the hot-end heat collecting plate, wherein the thickness of each metal sheet is preferably 1.2 cm, and the distance between every two adjacent metal sheets is preferably 1.2 cm.

The inner side of the cold end radiating fin bottom plate is attached to the outer side of the hot end heat collecting fin bottom plate, and the thermoelectric generation unit 24 and nanwu face films are clamped between the cold end radiating fin bottom plate and the hot end heat collecting fin bottom plate.

Each angle iron sheet 22 comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are perpendicular to each other, threaded holes are formed in the horizontal section and the vertical section of each angle iron sheet 22, wherein the horizontal section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the outer side of the bottom plate of the cold end radiating fin is fixedly connected with the cold end radiating fin 21 through screws, the horizontal section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the inner side of the bottom plate of the hot end heat collecting sheet is fixedly connected with the hot end heat collecting sheet 23 through screws, the vertical section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the outer side is fixedly connected with the vertical section of each angle iron sheet 22 on the inner side through screws, and the temperature difference generating units 24 and nanwu are clamped in the middle.

The thermoelectric generation unit 24 is a thermoelectric generation combination with higher output power, which is formed by connecting a plurality of thermoelectric generation pieces 25 in series and parallel, and the thermoelectric generation unit 24 can significantly increase the generated power compared with a single thermoelectric generation piece 25.

The arrangement mode of the thermoelectric generation pieces 25 in the single thermoelectric generation unit 24 is as shown in fig. 7, and a plurality of thermoelectric generation pieces 25 are connected in series through wires 26 to form a single row of thermoelectric generation pieces; the multiple rows of thermoelectric generation sheets are connected in parallel by wires 26 to form a single thermoelectric generation unit 24. In fig. 7, the inside arrangement of the single thermoelectric generation units 24 is shown in the dashed-line frame, and the solid line is a wire 26 for connecting the thermoelectric generation sheets 25. Further, the plurality of thermoelectric generation units 24 are connected in parallel by wires 26 to form a plurality of parallel thermoelectric generation units 28.

The gear motor 5, the drive shaft 6, the battery 7 and the inverter 8 are arranged inside the greenhouse-side wall body. The temperature difference power generation devices 3 are all rotationally connected with the same transmission shaft 6. The transmission shaft 6 is rotationally connected with a power output shaft of the gear motor 5 and is fixedly connected with the enclosure wall 2 through a bearing and a fixing bolt 20. The inverter 8 is connected with the gear motor 5 and other electric appliances 27 to supply power for the electric equipment.

The temperature difference power generation devices 3 are connected in parallel by adopting a parallel circuit to form a plurality of groups of parallel temperature difference power generation units 28, and two ends of an output circuit are connected with the storage battery 7. The storage battery 7 is internally stored as direct current, and is in circuit connection with the inverter 8 to convert the direct current into alternating current.

Preferably, a layer of metal film is attached to the surface of the hot end heat collecting plate 23 by adopting a magnetron sputtering coating technology, and the film has high heat absorption rate, low emissivity and low heat loss.

Preferably, the cold end radiating fins 21 and the hot end heat collecting fins 23 adopt concave-convex multi-layer structures, so that the specific surface area of the cold end and the hot end can be effectively increased, and the temperature of the cold end and the hot end can be conveniently increased and reduced better.

Preferably, the heat-conducting silicone grease is filled between the cold-end heat sink 21, the hot-end heat collector 23 and the thermoelectric generation sheet 25 to increase the heat conductivity thereof.

As shown in fig. 4, the light-gathering reflector 4 includes a worm gear speed reducer 9, a concave light-gathering reflector 10, an elevation angle rotation module 11, a fixed support 13, a rotation shaft 15, a rotation housing 31, and an elevation angle adjusting device 32.

The fixed support 13 of the light condensation and reflection device 4 is fixed at the bottom of the south roof and at the rear of the thermoelectric generation device 3 through foundation bolts 14. The space has lower utilization rate to crops and can not shade the light demand of the crops.

As shown in fig. 5, the rotation shaft 15 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the rotation shaft 15 is arranged on the fixed support 13. The worm gear reduction unit 9 includes a worm 16 and a worm wheel 17. The turbine 17 is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 15 through shaft key fit. The worm 16 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 6. The axis of the worm 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the worm wheel 17, and the worm 16 and the worm wheel 17 are engaged with each other. The drive shaft 6 is provided with a plurality of worm bearings 18.

Preferably, two worm bearings 18 are disposed on two sides of the transmission shaft 6 fixedly connected with the worm 16 in each set of worm gear speed reducer 9, because the length of the whole transmission shaft 6 is long, in order to avoid collapse of the middle part of the transmission shaft 6 caused by the influence of length and gravity, the service life of the transmission shaft 6 can be greatly reduced, and even danger can occur, when the whole transmission shaft rotates under a curved shape. Therefore, a plurality of worm bearings 18 are arranged to support the transmission shaft 6, so that the transmission shaft 6 is uniformly stressed, and the deformation influenced by gravity is reduced. The bearing shell of the worm bearing 18 is fixedly connected with the inner side of the steel skeleton of the south roof of the greenhouse.

Concave concentrating mirror 10 is disposed behind hot side collector sheet 23, i.e., north of hot side collector sheet 23, facing south.

As shown in fig. 8, the gear motor 5 transmits power to the worm 16, and transmits power to the worm wheel 17 by meshing with the worm wheel 17. The rotating shaft 15 and the turbine 17 are fixedly connected through shaft key matching, and the turbine 17 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 15 to rotate. The worm gear device 9 transmits the power transmitted by the gear motor 5 to the transmission shaft 6 to the rotating shaft 15, so that the concave condensing mirror 10 can rotate in the east-west direction perpendicular to the ground.

The upper end of the rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected with the shell 19 through a bearing, and the lower end is rotatably connected with the fixed support 13 through a support bearing 29 on the fixed support 13. The lower part of the rotating shaft 15 is sleeved with a rotating shaft sleeve 30, the rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft sleeve 30, and the rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with a rotating shell 31.

As shown in fig. 9, the rotation housing 31 and the elevation adjusting apparatus 32 are fixedly connected. The elevation adjustment means 32 and the elevation rotation module 11 are rotatably connected by a shaft and cylinder connection 33. The concave concentrating mirror 10 is fixedly connected with the elevation angle rotation module 11 through four supporting rods.

As shown in fig. 10, the elevation knob 12 is fixedly connected with the bidirectional screw 34, two ends of the bidirectional screw 34 are respectively connected with a movable slide block 37, each movable slide block 37 is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod 38, and the second connecting rod 38 is fixedly connected with a boss connecting piece 35. The boss link 35 and the rotating disc 39 are movably connected by a first link 36. The rotating disc 39 and the cylindrical coupling 33 are fixedly connected by a shaft.

Turning elevation knob 12, bi-directional screw 34 turns to move traveling block 37 relatively or in opposite directions. The boss link 35 moves to both sides and transmits power to the first links 36, and the rotating disk 39 rotates by the opposite forces of the two first links 36 and transmits power to the cylinder link 33. The cylindrical connecting piece 33 is fixedly connected with the elevation rotation module 11, and the rotation of the elevation rotation module 11 can be adjusted by rotating the elevation knob 12, so that the elevation angle is changed.

The automatic control system is electrically connected with the gear motor 5.

Preferably, the automatic control system adopts a servo motor control system which is common in the market to regulate and control the speed reducing motor 5.

Preferably, the automatic control system is an epoch supergroup LL2200.

The gear motor 5 is regulated and controlled by an automatic control system, and the automatic control system controls the gear motor 5 to operate according to the change of the azimuth angle of the sun at different moments of the day, so that the sunlight reflected by the concentrating and reflecting device 4 is ensured to irradiate on the hot-end heat collecting sheet 23 at the moment.

The automatic control system of the invention can realize the automatic adjustment of the working time of the gear motor 5. The corresponding relation between time and solar azimuth angle (time corresponds to solar azimuth angle) is programmed into the control instruction in the control system, and the efficiency of receiving solar radiation is enhanced by adjusting the normal included angles between the direct solar rays and the concave concentrating mirror 10 at different times. According to the change of the sun azimuth angle at different moments, the included angle between the direct sunlight and the normal of the mirror surface is calculated, and the rotation angular speed of the rotating shaft 15 in the unit working time of the gear motor 5 is calculated. And (3) calibrating the normal angle between the direct sunlight and the concave condensing reflector 10 by taking a time interval of 30 minutes as a reference to obtain the working time detail of the all-day gear motor 5, thereby realizing automatic control.

A control method for the solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system comprises the following steps:

Step S1: the speed reducing motor 5 is started, the speed reducing motor 5 drives the transmission shaft 6 to rotate reversely, the transmission shaft 6 transmits power to the turbine worm device 9, and the speed reducing motor 5 stops working when the light condensing reflection device 4 is driven to rotate from west to east to the position of the sunlight direct-irradiation concave light condensing reflection mirror 10.

Step S2: the thermoelectric power generation process comprises the following steps:

The sunlight irradiates the surface of the hot-end heat collecting plate 23 to convert the light energy into heat energy, and meanwhile, under the convection effect of hot air in a greenhouse, the temperature of the hot-end heat collecting plate 23 rises, and the temperature of the outdoor cold-end radiating plate 21 is kept at a lower level under the influence of external cold air. The temperature power generation plate 25 clamped between the hot end heat collection plate 23 and the cold end heat dissipation plate 21 generates current output under the action of temperature difference. The output of higher power is realized by a combination of series and parallel connection between the plurality of thermoelectric generation pieces 25 and the thermoelectric generation units 24.

The thermoelectric generation process may continue throughout the day because there is always a temperature difference between the hot side collector sheets 23 and the cold side heat sink sheets 21. The daytime power generation power is high, and the nighttime power generation power is relatively low.

Step S3: and (3) angle adjustment:

and S3.1, the automatic control system calculates the included angle between the direct sunlight and the normal line of the mirror surface according to the change of the azimuth angle of the sun at different moments, and calculates the rotation angular speed of the rotating shaft 15 in unit working time of the gear motor 5. And the normal angle between the direct solar light and the concave concentrating mirror 10 is calibrated by taking a time interval of 30 minutes as a reference, so that the working time detail of the all-day gear motor 5, namely the time threshold value of each working time, is obtained, the concave concentrating mirror 10 is automatically controlled to rotate in the east-west direction perpendicular to the ground, and the efficiency of receiving solar radiation is enhanced by adjusting the normal angle between the direct solar light and the concave concentrating mirror 10 at different moments.

The automatic control system sends a reversing instruction to the gear motor 5, the gear motor 5 works to output power to the transmission shaft 6, and the transmission shaft 6 rotates to drive the worm 16 to rotate in the same direction. In the worm gear device 9, the worm 16 transmits power to the worm wheel 17, and the rotation of the worm wheel 17 drives the rotation shaft 15 to rotate from west to east.

When the light-gathering reflector 4 rotates to be capable of just reflecting sunlight to the surface of the hot-end heat collecting sheet 23, the time threshold recorded in the automatic control system reaches the time threshold, a stop working instruction is sent to the gear motor 5, the gear motor 5 stops working, and output power is interrupted. At this time, the sunlight irradiates the concave concentrating mirror 10 through the film and then is reflected to the surface of the hot end heat collecting sheet 23.

Step S3.2, the elevation rotation module 11 is driven to rotate by adjusting the elevation knob 12, so that the elevation height of the condensing reflection device 4 is changed.

Step S4: electrical energy storage and utilization:

The direct current generated by the thermoelectric generation device 3 flows to the storage battery 7 through the lead 26 for storing electric energy. And then flows to the inverter 8 through the lead 26 to realize the conversion of direct current into alternating current, and finally is used for power supply of the gear motor 5 and other electric appliances 27.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

Daytime equipment operation: the nanwu -faced insulation quilt 1 gradually rises in the morning along with the increase of the external solar radiation intensity. External sunlight enters the greenhouse through the south roofing membrane. The automatic control system automatically calculates the deflection angle and the working time according to the solar altitude at the time. The automatic control system sends a reversing instruction to the gear motor 5, the gear motor 5 works to output power to the transmission shaft 6, and the transmission shaft 6 rotates to drive the vortex rod 16 to rotate in the same direction. In the worm gear device 9, the worm 16 transmits power to the worm wheel 17, and the rotation of the worm wheel 17 drives the rotation shaft 15 to rotate from west to east. When the light-gathering reflector 4 rotates to be capable of just reflecting sunlight to the surface of the hot-end heat collecting sheet 23, the time threshold recorded in the automatic control system reaches the time threshold, a stop working instruction is sent to the gear motor 5, the gear motor 5 stops working, and output power is interrupted. At this time, the sunlight irradiates the concave concentrating mirror 10 through the film and then is reflected to the surface of the hot end heat collecting sheet 23.

The temperature of the hot-end heat collecting sheet 23 gradually increases under the combined action of solar radiation concentration and the thermal effect inside the greenhouse. Along with the strengthening of the two functions, the temperature is also increased continuously, and the temperature of the hot end heat collecting plate 23 at noon can reach 60 ℃. The temperature of the outdoor cold end radiating fins 21 is reduced to-20 ℃ under the heat convection action of the outdoor cold air, the heat of the cold and hot end metal sheets is transmitted to the two ends of the thermoelectric generation sheets 25 through the heat conduction silicone grease, and the current can be generated by utilizing the Seebeck effect principle.

The power generated by the single thermoelectric generation piece 25 is lower, and the power generated by the thermoelectric generation device 3 is increased in a serial-parallel combination mode so as to meet the daily power demand. The generated direct current flows to the storage battery 7 through the lead 26 for electric quantity storage. And then flows to the inverter 8 through the lead 26 to change the direct current into alternating current and finally flows to the gear motor 5 and other electric appliances 27.

Intelligent regulation: the solar altitude is constantly changing from rising to falling from the sun. The sun's east-west movement also causes the reflected light from the concave concentrating mirror 10 to change. In order to ensure the heat supply of the hot end heat collecting plate 23 to the maximum extent, the angle of the light condensing and reflecting device 4 needs to be changed at any time. The automatic control system carries out the angular displacement correction at intervals of 30 minutes by leading in the solar altitude change parameter and the angular displacement change quantity of the light-gathering reflection device 4 in advance. The automatic control system calculates the working time of the needed gear motor 5 through the angular displacement change parameter of the device every 30 minutes to automatically start and stop, and the like until the heat preservation is closed, no solar radiation exists in the greenhouse, and the photoresistor of the automatic control system senses no light to cut off the working power supply. The light signal is sensed by the photoresistor along with the rise of the heat preservation 1 in the next day, and the power supply is switched on to start working again.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system comprises a surrounding wall body (2) at one side of a greenhouse, nanwu face films at the south of the greenhouse and a raisable heat preservation quilt (1) on nanwu face films; the method is characterized in that:

The solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and power storage system comprises a single device, an automatic control system, a speed reduction motor (5), a transmission shaft (6), a storage battery (7) and an inverter (8);

the single devices comprise a plurality of groups, and each group of single devices comprises a thermoelectric generation device (3) and a condensation reflection device (4) which are arranged at the bottom of a solar greenhouse south roofing film;

The thermoelectric generation device (3) comprises a cold end radiating fin (21), a cold end radiating fin bottom plate, angle iron sheets (22), a hot end heat collecting fin (23), a hot end heat collecting fin bottom plate and a thermoelectric generation unit (24);

the cold end radiating fins (21) are arranged on the outer side of the bottom plate of the cold end radiating fins and are arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the south roofing film; the hot end heat collecting sheet (23) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate of the hot end heat collecting sheet and is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the south roofing film; the inner side of the cold end radiating fin bottom plate is attached to the outer side of the hot end heat collecting fin bottom plate, and a thermoelectric generation unit (24) and nanwu face films are clamped between the cold end radiating fin bottom plate and the hot end heat collecting fin bottom plate;

Each angle iron sheet (22) comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are perpendicular to each other, threaded holes are formed in the horizontal section and the vertical section of each angle iron sheet (22), wherein the horizontal section of each angle iron sheet (22) on the outer side of a bottom plate of a cold end radiating fin is fixedly connected with the cold end radiating fin (21) through a screw, the horizontal section of each angle iron sheet (22) on the inner side of the bottom plate of a hot end heat collecting sheet is fixedly connected with the hot end heat collecting sheet (23) through a screw, the vertical section of each angle iron sheet (22) on the outer side is fixedly connected with the vertical section of each angle iron sheet (22) on the inner side through a screw, and a thermoelectric generation unit (24) and nanwu face films are clamped in the middle;

The thermoelectric generation unit (24) is formed by connecting a plurality of thermoelectric generation sheets (25) in series and parallel connection;

The speed reducing motor (5), the transmission shaft (6), the storage battery (7) and the inverter (8) are arranged on the inner side of the greenhouse side wall body; the plurality of groups of thermoelectric generation devices (3) are all rotationally connected with the same transmission shaft (6); the transmission shaft (6) is rotationally connected with a power output shaft of the gear motor (5) and is fixedly connected with the enclosure wall (2) through a bearing and a fixing bolt (20);

The temperature difference power generation devices (3) are connected in parallel by adopting a parallel circuit to form a plurality of groups of parallel temperature difference power generation units (28), and two ends of an output circuit are connected with a storage battery (7); the storage battery (7) is internally stored as direct current, and is in circuit connection with the inverter (8) to convert the direct current into alternating current;

The light-gathering reflector (4) comprises a worm gear speed reducer (9), a concave light-gathering reflector (10), an elevation angle rotating module (11), a fixed support (13), a rotating shaft (15), a rotating shell (31) and an elevation angle adjusting device (32);

The fixed support (13) of the light-gathering reflector (4) is fixed at the bottom of the south roof and at the rear of the thermoelectric generator (3) through foundation bolts (14);

The rotating shaft (15) is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the rotating shaft (15) is arranged on the fixed support (13); the worm gear speed reducer (9) comprises a worm (16) and a turbine (17); the turbine (17) is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (15) through shaft key matching; the worm (16) is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft (6); the axis of the worm (16) is vertical to the axis of the turbine (17), and the worm (16) and the turbine (17) are meshed with each other; a plurality of worm bearings (18) are arranged on the transmission shaft (6);

the concave condensing reflector (10) is arranged behind the hot-end heat collection sheet (23), namely, the north part of the hot-end heat collection sheet (23) faces the south;

The upper end of the rotating shaft (15) is rotationally connected with the shell (19) through a bearing, and the lower end is rotationally connected with the fixed support (13) through a support bearing (29) on the fixed support (13); the lower part of the rotating shaft (15) is sleeved with a rotating shaft sleeve (30), the rotating shaft (15) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft sleeve (30), and the rotating shaft (15) is fixedly connected with a rotating shell (31);

The rotary shell (31) is fixedly connected with the elevation angle adjusting device (32); the elevation angle adjusting device (32) is rotationally connected with the elevation angle rotating module (11) through a shaft and a cylindrical connecting piece (33); the concave condensing reflector (10) is fixedly connected with the elevation angle rotating module (11) through four supporting rods;

The automatic control system is electrically connected with the gear motor (5).

2. The solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of claim 1, wherein: the hot-end heat collection sheet (23) comprises a plurality of rectangular metal sheets which are horizontally arranged and are distributed on the whole bottom plate of the hot-end heat collection sheet, the thickness of each metal sheet is 1.2 cm, and the distance between every two adjacent metal sheets is 1.2 cm.

3. The solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of thermoelectric generation sheets (25) are connected in series through wires (26) to form a single-row thermoelectric generation sheet; the multiple rows of thermoelectric generation sheets are connected in parallel through wires (26) to form a single thermoelectric generation unit (24); the plurality of groups of thermoelectric generation units (24) are connected in parallel through wires (26) to form a plurality of groups of parallel thermoelectric generation units (28).

4. The solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of claim 1, wherein: the inverter (8) is connected with the gear motor (5) and other electric appliances (27) to supply power for production of electric equipment.

5. The solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of claim 1, wherein: a layer of metal film is attached to the surface of the hot end heat collecting sheet (23) by adopting a magnetron sputtering coating technology; the cold end radiating fins (21) and the hot end heat collecting fins (23) are of concave-convex type multi-layer structures; and heat conduction silicone grease is filled between the cold end radiating fins (21), the hot end heat collecting fins (23) and the thermoelectric generation fins (25) so as to increase the heat conductivity of the thermoelectric generation fins.

6. The solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of claim 1, wherein: the elevation angle knob (12) is fixedly connected with the bidirectional screw rod (34), two ends of the bidirectional screw rod (34) are respectively connected with a movable slide block (37), each movable slide block (37) is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod (38), and the second connecting rod (38) is fixedly connected with a boss connecting piece (35); the boss connecting piece (35) is movably connected with the rotating disc (39) through a first connecting rod (36); the rotating disc (39) is fixedly connected with the cylindrical connecting piece (33) through a shaft;

Turning the elevation knob (12), and turning the bidirectional screw (34) to drive the movable slide block (37) to move relatively or oppositely; the boss connecting piece (35) moves to two sides, transmits power to the first connecting rods (36), and the rotating disc (39) rotates under the action of opposite force of the two first connecting rods (36) and transmits the power to the cylindrical connecting piece (33); the cylindrical connecting piece (33) is fixedly connected with the elevation rotation module (11), and the elevation rotation module (11) can be adjusted to rotate by rotating the elevation knob (12) to change the elevation.

7. The solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of claim 1, wherein: the automatic control system adopts a common servo motor control system in the market to regulate and control the gear motor (5).

8. The solar greenhouse south roofing thermoelectric generation and storage system of claim 7, wherein: the automatic control system is an epoch supergroup LL2200.

9. A control method for a solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference power generation and storage system by utilizing the solar greenhouse south roof temperature difference as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:

Step S1: starting a speed reducing motor (5), wherein the speed reducing motor (5) drives a transmission shaft (6) to rotate reversely, the transmission shaft (6) transmits power to a turbine worm device (9), and the speed reducing motor (5) stops working when a light condensing and reflecting device (4) is driven to rotate from west to east to the position of a sunlight direct-irradiation concave light condensing and reflecting mirror (10);

step S2: the thermoelectric power generation process comprises the following steps:

The sunlight irradiates the surface of the hot-end heat collecting sheet (23) to realize the conversion of light energy into heat energy, and meanwhile, under the convection effect of hot air in a greenhouse, the temperature of the hot-end heat collecting sheet (23) rises, and the temperature of the outdoor cold-end radiating sheet (21) is kept at a lower level under the influence of external cold air; the temperature generating sheet (25) clamped between the hot end heat collecting sheet (23) and the cold end radiating sheet (21) generates current output under the action of temperature difference; the output of higher power is realized by a serial and parallel combination mode among a plurality of thermoelectric generation sheets (25) and thermoelectric generation units (24);

The thermoelectric generation process can be continued throughout the day, because there is always a temperature difference between the hot-end heat collecting plate (23) and the cold-end heat radiating plate (21); the power generated in the daytime is high, and the power generated in the night is relatively low;

Step S3: and (3) angle adjustment:

S3.1, calculating an included angle between direct sunlight and a mirror surface normal line by an automatic control system according to the change of the sun azimuth angle at different moments, and calculating the rotation angular speed of a rotating shaft (15) in unit working time of a gear motor (5); the normal angle between the direct solar light and the concave condensing reflector (10) is calibrated by taking a time interval of 30 minutes as a reference, the working time detail of the all-day speed reducing motor (5), namely the time threshold value of each working time, is obtained, so that the concave condensing reflector (10) is automatically controlled to rotate in the east-west direction perpendicular to the ground, and the efficiency of receiving solar radiation is enhanced by adjusting the normal angle between the direct solar light and the concave condensing reflector (10) at different moments;

The automatic control system sends a reversing instruction to the gear motor (5), the gear motor (5) works to output power to the transmission shaft (6), and the transmission shaft (6) rotates to drive the worm (16) to rotate in the same direction; in the worm gear device (9), a worm (16) transmits power to a turbine (17), and the turbine (17) rotates to drive a rotating shaft (15) to rotate from west to east;

When the light-gathering and reflecting device (4) rotates to be capable of just reflecting sunlight to the surface of the hot-end heat collecting sheet (23), the time threshold recorded in the automatic control system is reached, a stop working instruction is sent to the gear motor (5), the gear motor (5) stops working, and power output is interrupted; at the moment, sunlight irradiates the concave concentrating reflector (10) through the film and then is reflected to the surface of the hot end heat collecting plate (23);

S3.2, driving the elevation rotation module (11) to rotate by adjusting the elevation knob (12), and changing the elevation height of the condensing reflection device (4);

Step S4: electrical energy storage and utilization:

direct current generated by the thermoelectric generation device (3) flows to the storage battery (7) through a lead (26) for electric energy storage; then the power flows to the inverter (8) through the lead (26) to realize the conversion of direct current into alternating current, and finally the power is used for power supply of the speed reducing motor (5) and other electric appliances (27).