CN117913532A - Dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna - Google Patents
Dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN117913532A CN117913532A CN202410318328.1A CN202410318328A CN117913532A CN 117913532 A CN117913532 A CN 117913532A CN 202410318328 A CN202410318328 A CN 202410318328A CN 117913532 A CN117913532 A CN 117913532A
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna, which belongs to the technical field of communication and comprises a cylindrical structure formed by a metal parallel flat waveguide and a dielectric substrate, and a horn structure arranged on the periphery of the cylindrical structure; the microwave periodic structures are arranged on the metal parallel flat waveguide and the dielectric substrate to adjust dispersion distribution on the lens, the horn structure comprises a plurality of metal waveguide horn feeds which are arranged at equal angle intervals, and when any metal waveguide horn feed is excited in a certain mode, directional beams of a vertical polarization mode and a horizontal polarization mode of corresponding angles are radiated through the lens. The invention uses two different waveguide structures, so that the interference between two polarization modes is small, and the lens can form good dual-polarized wave beams.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna.
Background
5G millimeter wave communication is an important component of 5G communication, and mainly utilizes a frequency band between 30GHz and 300GHz for communication; since the wavelength of this frequency band is in the range of 1mm to 10mm, it is called millimeter wave, and millimeter wave frequency band has the characteristics of abundant spectrum resources, large bandwidth, high transmission rate, etc., and is widely used for 5G communication.
From the perspective of electromagnetic wave polarization, the common antenna types for 5G millimeter wave communication mainly include single polarization antennas, dual polarization antennas, and multi-polarization antennas; among them, the monopole antenna can only receive or transmit electromagnetic waves of a single polarization, and the structure of the antenna is relatively simple, but the spectral efficiency of the antenna is low. The dual polarized antenna can simultaneously receive or transmit two orthogonal polarized electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the frequency spectrum efficiency. The multi-polarization antenna can process electromagnetic waves in multiple polarization states at the same time, so that the frequency spectrum efficiency is further improved, but the structure and the signal processing are relatively complex.
Currently, the forms of millimeter wave communication antennas are mainly divided into the following: 1. array-based antennas: this type of antenna generally comprises a plurality of tiny antenna elements that cooperate to form a particular radiation pattern; the array antenna can realize electronic beam forming and beam pointing, thereby improving gain and high directivity. However, the design and manufacture of array antennas is often complex and requires complex signal processing algorithms to achieve beam forming and beam pointing; furthermore, the dual polarized array antenna needs to deal with the problem of complex feed network, because the array antenna has large-scale antenna units, and each unit needs to excite two polarization modes, which can lead to the feed network of the dual polarized array antenna becoming more complex than the single polarization case, and further increasing the difficulty of design and implementation. 2. Independent unit antenna: this antenna type typically contains only one antenna element; the design and manufacture of individual element antennas is relatively simple, but its gain and directivity are typically lower than that of array antennas. 3. Lens antenna: this type of antenna uses a lens to concentrate and disperse electromagnetic waves, and a lens antenna can provide high gain and high directivity, but its performance depends on the design and manufacturing quality of the lens.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna, and solves the defects in the prior art.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a dual polarization millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna comprises a cylindrical structure formed by a metal parallel flat waveguide and a dielectric substrate, and a horn structure arranged on the periphery of the cylindrical structure; the microwave periodic structures are arranged on the metal parallel flat waveguide and the dielectric substrate to adjust dispersion distribution on the lens, the horn structure comprises a plurality of metal waveguide horn feeds which are arranged at equal angle intervals, and when any metal waveguide horn feed is excited in a certain mode, directional beams of a vertical polarization mode and a horizontal polarization mode of corresponding angles are radiated through the lens.
The metal parallel slab waveguide comprises a top metal plate and a bottom metal plate, and the dielectric substrate is arranged between the top metal plate and the bottom metal plate to form a three-layer cylinder structure.
The top metal plate and the bottom metal plate are loaded with a plurality of metal columns with uniform parts, and the heights of all the metal columns gradually decrease outwards from the center of the cylindrical structure.
The dielectric substrate is loaded with a super-surface waveguide consisting of a plurality of uniformly distributed circular metal veneers, and the diameters of all the circular metal veneers gradually decrease outwards along the center of the cylindrical structure.
The horn structure comprises 5 metal waveguide horn feeds which are placed at equal intervals of 22.5 degrees.
The height of the metal posts gradually decreases from 1.77mm to 1.12mm from the center of the cylindrical structure.
The diameter of the circular metal facing gradually decreases from 2.4mm to 1.5mm along the center of the cylindrical structure.
The invention has the following advantages: a dual polarization millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna uses two guided wave modes of a parallel slab waveguide and a super surface with broadband stable dispersion response, so that the antenna has a 3dB gain bandwidth covering 24 GHz-28.5 GHz (17.1%) in a vertical polarization working state, a peak gain of 17.7dBi, a 3dB gain bandwidth covering 24 GHz-32 GHz (28.5%) in a horizontal polarization working state, and a peak gain of 17.5 dBi; two different waveguide structures are used, so that the interference between the two polarization modes is small, so that the lens can form a good dual polarized beam.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
in the figure: the horn feed source comprises a 1-horn structure, a 2-metal parallel flat waveguide, a 3-dielectric substrate, a 4-top metal plate, a 5-bottom metal plate, a 6-round metal veneer, a 7-metal column and an 8-metal waveguide horn feed source.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application. The application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention specifically relates to a dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna with a parallel slab waveguide and a super surface mixed, which can generate a high-gain dual-polarized radiation beam at 24 GHz-32 GHz and has the characteristic of multi-beam radiation; the three-layer cylindrical structure with the radius of 32mm and the height of 14mm is approximately formed by a horn structure 1, a group of metal parallel slab waveguides 2 loaded with a microwave periodic structure and a dielectric substrate 3; the horn structure 1 and the metal parallel flat waveguide 2 are made of 3D printed aluminum alloy, and the dielectric substrate 3 is a printed circuit board with a thickness of 1mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2.
Further, the horn structure 1 includes 5 metal waveguide horn feeds 8 placed at intervals of 22.5 °, and when any one metal waveguide horn feed 8 is excited in a TE10 mode or a TE01 mode, a directional beam of a vertical polarization mode and a horizontal polarization mode of a corresponding angle can be radiated through a lens. Microwave periodic structures are designed on the metal parallel flat waveguide 2 and the dielectric substrate 3 so as to adjust dispersion distribution on the lens, so that electromagnetic waves entering the lens from the metal waveguide horn feed source 8 can radiate directionally, and high-gain beams are obtained.
Further, the metal parallel plate waveguide 2 comprises a top metal plate 4 and a bottom metal plate 5, the two metal plates are made of aluminum alloy materials, the dielectric substrate 3 is placed between the top metal plate 4 and the bottom metal plate 5 to form a three-layer cylinder structure, an electromagnetic super-surface structure is printed on the dielectric substrate 3 to form a super-surface waveguide, and dual-polarized directional beam radiation is realized by utilizing electromagnetic wave modes of the metal parallel plate waveguide 2 and the super-surface.
Wherein, a plurality of metal posts 7 are loaded on the metal parallel flat waveguide 2, the height of the metal posts gradually decreases from 1.77mm to 1.12mm outwards from the center of the cylindrical structure, and when the electromagnetic field with vertical polarization propagates in the waveguide, the speed of the electromagnetic field changes along with the different heights of the metal posts 7 so as to change the propagation phase diffusion of the electromagnetic wave and improve the directionality of the wave beam; on the other hand, the super surface waveguide loaded on the medium substrate 3 is a circular metal veneering 6 with the diameter gradually decreasing from 2.4mm to 1.5mm along the center of the cylindrical structure, so that the effect of changing the phase velocity of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic field is achieved, and meanwhile, the beam directionality is improved. Therefore, the phase velocity of the electromagnetic waves of two polarization modes is gradually increased from the center of the lens to the outside along the radial direction, so that the lens has the capability of forming dual-polarized directional radiation beams, and when the TE10 mode electromagnetic wave or the TE01 mode electromagnetic wave emitted by the metal waveguide horn feed source 8 is fed into the lens, the response of the parallel slab waveguide mode and the super-surface mode in the lens is respectively caused, so that the originally diffused equiphase surfaces are corrected, and finally the directional beams of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization are radiated.
In terms of materials and volumes, the invention is formed by combining aluminum alloy metal and a PCB dielectric substrate, has stronger robustness, and the metal materials of the top metal plate 4 and the bottom metal plate 5 are beneficial to shielding the interference of external electromagnetic signals. The lens portion volume is approximately 54mm by 14mm. In terms of gain bandwidth of the lens, the lens uses two guided wave modes of a parallel slab waveguide and a super surface with broadband stable dispersion response, so that the antenna has a 3dB gain bandwidth covering 24 GHz-28.5 GHz (17.1%) in a vertical polarization working state, a peak gain of 17.7dBi, a 3dB gain bandwidth covering 24 GHz-32 GHz (28.5%) in a horizontal polarization working state, and a peak gain of 17.5 dBi. In terms of multi-beam performance of the lens, because the dual-polarized lens is of a cylindrical structure, electromagnetic response also has the characteristic of central symmetry, so that 5 dual-polarized high-gain beams with different directions can be obtained when the feed ports of the 5 metal waveguide horn feeds 8 are excited, wherein the dual-polarized high-gain beams are respectively-45 degrees, -22.5 degrees, 0 degrees, 22.5 degrees and 45 degrees. In terms of dual polarization performance, since the lens uses two different waveguide structures, interference between two polarization modes is small, so that the lens can form a good dual polarized beam. Compared with the traditional dual-polarized phased array antenna scheme, the lens antenna has a very simple feed network, and meanwhile, the beam shape is more stable during large-angle scanning.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and adaptations, and of being modified within the scope of the inventive concept described herein, by the foregoing teachings or by the skilled person or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A dual polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna is characterized in that: the device comprises a cylindrical structure formed by a metal parallel flat waveguide (2) and a dielectric substrate (3), and a horn structure (1) arranged on the periphery of the cylindrical structure; the metal parallel flat waveguide (2) and the dielectric substrate (3) are respectively provided with a microwave periodic structure for adjusting dispersion distribution on the lens, the horn structure (1) comprises a plurality of metal waveguide horn feed sources (8) which are arranged at equal angle and interval, when any one of the metal waveguide horn feeds (8) is excited in a certain mode, a directional beam of a vertical polarization mode and a horizontal polarization mode of corresponding angles is radiated through the lens.
2. The dual polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna of claim 1, wherein: the metal parallel slab waveguide (2) comprises a top metal plate (4) and a bottom metal plate (5), and the dielectric substrate (3) is arranged between the top metal plate (4) and the bottom metal plate (5) to form a three-layer cylinder structure.
3. The dual polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna of claim 2, wherein: the top metal plate (4) and the bottom metal plate (5) are loaded with a plurality of metal columns (7) with uniform parts, and the heights of all the metal columns (7) gradually decrease outwards from the center of the cylindrical structure.
4. The dual polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna of claim 2, wherein: the dielectric substrate (3) is loaded with a super-surface waveguide consisting of a plurality of uniformly distributed circular metal veneers (6), and the diameters of all the circular metal veneers (6) gradually decrease outwards along the center of the cylindrical structure.
5. The dual polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna of claim 1, wherein: the horn structure (1) comprises 5 metal waveguide horn feeds (8) which are arranged at equal intervals of 22.5 degrees.
6. A dual polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the height of the metal column (7) gradually decreases from 1.77mm to 1.12mm from the center of the cylindrical structure.
7. The dual polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna defined in claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the circular metal facing (6) gradually decreases from 2.4mm to 1.5mm along the center of the cylindrical structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410318328.1A CN117913532B (en) | 2024-03-20 | Dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410318328.1A CN117913532B (en) | 2024-03-20 | Dual-polarized millimeter wave Long Bo lens antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117913532A true CN117913532A (en) | 2024-04-19 |
| CN117913532B CN117913532B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017003374A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Matsing Pte Ltd | Dual polarized radiator for lens antennas |
| CN111262044A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cylindrical luneberg lens antenna and cylindrical luneberg lens antenna array |
| CN113381202A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-10 | 北京理工大学 | All-metal dual-polarization luneberg lens multi-beam antenna |
| US20220158354A1 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2022-05-19 | John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC | Spherical luneburg lens-enhanced compact multi-beam antenna |
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017003374A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Matsing Pte Ltd | Dual polarized radiator for lens antennas |
| CN111262044A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cylindrical luneberg lens antenna and cylindrical luneberg lens antenna array |
| US20220158354A1 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2022-05-19 | John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC | Spherical luneburg lens-enhanced compact multi-beam antenna |
| CN113381202A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-10 | 北京理工大学 | All-metal dual-polarization luneberg lens multi-beam antenna |
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