CN117912917A - Special X-ray tube used in extreme environment - Google Patents
Special X-ray tube used in extreme environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN117912917A CN117912917A CN202311689707.3A CN202311689707A CN117912917A CN 117912917 A CN117912917 A CN 117912917A CN 202311689707 A CN202311689707 A CN 202311689707A CN 117912917 A CN117912917 A CN 117912917A
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- ray tube
- tube shell
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- target body
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special X-ray tube used in extreme environment, which relates to the technical field of X-ray tubes, and comprises a first tube shell and a second tube shell, wherein the two tube shells are tubular, one end of each tubular is closed, and the first tube shell is used for isolating high voltage and protecting internal devices; the open end of the second tube shell is connected with the open end of the first tube shell in a sealing way; a cathode, an electron focusing unit and an electron accelerating unit are sequentially arranged in the first tube shell along the axial direction; the second tube shell is internally and sequentially provided with a conical target body and a target body cooling unit along the axial direction, and the second tube shell is provided with a transmission window. The cathode is used for generating an electron beam, the electron beam is collected and focused by the electron focusing unit and accelerated by the electron accelerating unit to generate a high-energy electron beam, the high-energy electron beam bombards the target body to generate X rays, and the X rays are emitted from the transmission window in 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the second tube shell. The X-ray tube provided by the invention can obtain complete pipeline scanning data without rotating around the axial direction, so that the measuring time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of X-ray tubes, and particularly relates to a special X-ray tube used in an extreme environment.
Background
The problems facing pipe operators in managing the integrity of their production wells and pipe assets are pipe fouling, corrosion, sediment, pipe and casing defects, and the like. These defects typically result in a reduction in the production capacity of the production well of about 5% to 20%, and potentially catastrophic failure can lead to serious injury or even death. Thus, expensive repairs (repair or replacement) to the integrity of the casing are required.
The process of evaluating and detecting conventional mineral scale, microorganism-induced corrosion and material defects in wellbores and pipes is very complex, time consuming and costly due to the technical limitations of pipe inspection operating conditions and existing detection techniques. X-ray imaging techniques based on Compton backscattering have been widely used for pipeline detection and imaging. The technology uses X-ray generated by an X-ray tube to scan a pipeline along with the movement of the X-ray tube along the pipeline direction, a related detector receives scattered X-ray data, and a related algorithm is used to obtain a pipeline image. Due to the special environment of the tube (high temperature and pressure), and the special scanning mode of compton back-scattering X-ray imaging technology, special requirements are placed on the associated X-ray tube. The range of X-rays emitted by the traditional X-ray tube is smaller than 360 degrees, and the traditional X-ray tube can acquire complete pipeline scanning data only by rotating around the pipeline along the axial direction while advancing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a special X-ray tube used in an extreme environment, when the X-ray tube is used for detecting a pipeline, the X-ray tube can obtain complete pipeline scanning data without rotating around the axial direction, so that the measuring time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a special X-ray tube for use in extreme environments, comprising:
the X-ray tube comprises a first tube shell and a second tube shell, wherein the first tube shell is of a tubular structure with one end closed, and is used for isolating high voltage and protecting internal devices of the X-ray tube; the second tube shell is of a tubular structure with one end closed, and the open end of the second tube shell is in sealing connection with the open end of the first tube shell;
a cathode, an electron focusing unit and an electron accelerating unit are sequentially arranged in the first tube shell along the axial direction; a target body and a target body cooling unit are sequentially arranged in the second tube shell along the axial direction, the target body is positioned at the front end of the electron acceleration unit, and a transmission window is arranged on the second tube shell;
The cathode is used for generating an electron beam, the electron focusing unit is used for collecting and focusing the electron beam, and the electron accelerating unit is used for accelerating the focused electron beam and improving the energy of the electron beam; the accelerated high-energy electron beam bombards the target body to generate X rays, and the generated X rays are emitted from the transmission window in 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the second tube shell; the target cooling unit is used for cooling the target.
Further, as described above, the special X-ray tube for use in extreme environments, the first tube shell is made of a high-voltage insulating material, the second tube shell is made of kovar metal, and the open ends of the first tube shell and the second tube shell are connected by welding.
Further, the special X-ray tube used in the extreme environment is characterized in that the outer side wall of the first tube shell is of a corrugated structure.
Further, the special X-ray tube for the extreme environment is characterized in that the electron focusing unit is of a horn-shaped structure, the small opening end is close to the cathode, and the large opening end is close to the electron accelerating unit.
Further, the special X-ray tube for extreme environment as described above, the target body is shaped like a cone, and the accelerated high-energy electron beam bombards the conical surface of the target body, so that the generated X-rays can be emitted from 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the second tube shell.
Further, the cone angle of the target body is in the range of 170 DEG to 178 DEG for the special X-ray tube used in extreme environments as described above.
Further, the cone angle of the target body is 174 ° for a special X-ray tube for extreme environments as described above.
Further, the material of the target body is copper, tungsten or molybdenum for the special X-ray tube used in extreme environments as described above.
Further, in the special X-ray tube for use in an extreme environment as described above, the target cooling unit has a cooling tube therein, and cooling of the target is achieved by introducing cooling water or oil into the cooling tube.
Further, the special X-ray tube for the extreme environment is provided with the exhaust pipe at the closed end of the first tube shell, and the exhaust pipe is used for vacuumizing the interior of the X-ray tube.
Compared with the prior art, the special X-ray tube for the extreme environment has the following beneficial effects:
1. By arranging the shape of the target body as a cone, the generated X-rays can be emitted in 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the X-ray tube. Compared with the traditional X-ray tube which can only emit X-rays at an angle of less than 360 degrees, when the X-ray tube provided by the invention is used for detecting a pipeline, the X-ray tube can obtain complete pipeline scanning data without rotating around the axial direction, so that the measuring time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved;
2. Through designing the lateral wall of first tube shell into the ripple form structure for the tube shell is more high-pressure resistant, is difficult for producing leakage current under the high pressure, also is difficult for being broken down.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a special X-ray tube for use in extreme environments according to an embodiment of the present invention;
In the figure: 1-first tube shell, 2-cathode, 3-electron focusing unit, 4-electron accelerating unit, 5-target body, 6-target body cooling unit, 7-exhaust pipe and 8-second tube shell.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Aiming at the problems that the existing pipeline defect inspection device has the emission range of X-rays smaller than 360 degrees, and the pipeline has long measurement time and low working efficiency due to the fact that the pipeline must be axially rotated while advancing, the invention provides a special X-ray tube design scheme.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a special X-ray tube for use in extreme environments according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes: a first envelope 1, a second envelope 8, a cathode 2, an electron focusing unit 3, an electron accelerating unit 4, a target 5, and a target cooling unit 6; wherein:
The first tube shell 1 and the second tube shell 8 are of tubular structures with one closed end, and the open ends of the first tube shell 1 and the second tube shell are connected in a sealing manner, so that a tube-mounted structure with the two closed ends is formed as a whole. The first tube housing 1 is used for isolating high voltage and protecting the internal components of the X-ray tube, so that the X-ray tube can work normally at higher temperature and pressure. A cathode 2, an electron focusing unit 3 and an electron accelerating unit 4 are sequentially arranged in the first tube shell along the axial direction; the second tube shell is internally and sequentially provided with a target body 5 and a target body cooling unit 6 along the axial direction, the target body 5 is positioned at the front end of the electron acceleration unit 4, and the second tube shell is provided with a section of X-ray transmission window.
Cathode 2 is a Carbon Nanotube (CNT) cathode or a conventional hot cathode for generating an electron beam; the electron focusing unit 3 is used for collecting and focusing the electron beam, and the electron accelerating unit 4 is used for accelerating the focused electron beam and improving the energy of the electron beam. The accelerated high-energy electrons bombard the target body 5 to generate X-rays, and the generated X-rays can be emitted from the transmission window in 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the second tube shell. The front end of the target body 5 is provided with a target body cooling unit for cooling the target body, so as to avoid overhigh temperature of the target body.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the first tube shell is made of high-voltage insulating materials such as ceramic or glass, the second tube shell is made of kovar metal, and the first tube shell and the second tube shell are in sealing connection in a welding mode.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer sidewall of the first tube shell has a corrugated structure. The corrugated structure enables the first tube shell to be more resistant to high pressure, leakage current is not easy to generate under high pressure, and breakdown is not easy to occur.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the electron focusing unit 3 has a horn-like structure, the small opening end is close to the cathode 2, and the large opening end is close to the electron accelerating unit 4.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the target 5 is in a cone shape, and the accelerated high-energy electrons bombard the conical surface of the target 5, so that the generated X-rays can be emitted from 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the second tube shell.
In one embodiment of the invention, the cone angle of the target body is in the range of 170 ° to 178 °, preferably 174 °.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the target body is made of copper, tungsten, molybdenum, or the like.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, a cooling pipe is arranged in the target body cooling unit, and cooling of the target body is realized by introducing cooling water or oil heat transfer medium into the cooling pipe.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the closed end 2 of the first tube housing 1 is provided with an exhaust tube 7 for evacuating the interior of the X-ray tube.
The working principle of the X-ray tube is as follows: the cathode generates electron beams which are collected and focused by the electron focusing unit and then are injected into the electron accelerating unit, and the high-energy electron beams accelerated by the electron accelerating unit bombard the conical surface of the target body, so that X-rays are generated from all directions, and the X-rays are emitted from the transmission window in 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the insulating tube shell. In the process, the target body cooling unit cools the target body by using liquid cooling water or oil and the like, so that the target body temperature is prevented from being too high.
The special X-ray tube for the extreme environment provided by the invention has the advantages that the appearance of the target body is set to be cone, so that the generated X-rays can be emitted in 360 degrees along the axial direction perpendicular to the X-ray tube. Compared with the traditional X-ray tube which can only emit X-rays at an angle of less than 360 degrees, when the X-ray tube provided by the invention is used for detecting a pipeline, the X-ray tube can obtain complete pipeline scanning data without rotating around the axial direction, so that the measuring time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved; the outer side wall of the first tube shell is designed into a corrugated structure, so that the tube shell is more resistant to high pressure, leakage current is not easy to generate under high pressure, and breakdown is not easy to occur.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A special X-ray tube for use in extreme environments, the X-ray tube comprising:
The X-ray tube comprises a first tube shell (1) and a second tube shell (8), wherein the first tube shell (1) is of a tubular structure with one end closed, and is used for isolating high voltage and protecting internal devices of the X-ray tube; the second tube shell (8) is of a tubular structure with one end closed, and the open end of the second tube shell is in sealing connection with the open end of the first tube shell (1);
A cathode (2), an electron focusing unit (3) and an electron accelerating unit (4) are sequentially arranged in the first tube shell along the axial direction; a target body (5) and a target body cooling unit (6) are sequentially arranged in the second tube shell along the axial direction, the target body (5) is positioned at the front end of the electron acceleration unit (4), and a transmission window is arranged on the second tube shell;
The cathode (2) is used for generating an electron beam, the electron focusing unit (3) is used for collecting and focusing the electron beam, and the electron accelerating unit (4) is used for accelerating the focused electron beam and improving the energy of the electron beam; the accelerated high-energy electron beam bombards the target body (5) to generate X rays, and the generated X rays are emitted from the transmission window in 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the second tube shell (8); the target cooling unit (6) is used for cooling the target (5).
2. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the first envelope (1) is a high voltage insulating material and the material of the second envelope (8) is kovar, the open ends of the first envelope (1) and the second envelope (8) being connected by welding.
3. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer side wall of the first envelope (1) is of corrugated structure.
4. A special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to claim 3, characterized in that the electron focusing unit (3) is of a horn-like structure with a small mouth end close to the cathode (2) and a large mouth end close to the electron accelerating unit (4).
5. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the target body (5) is shaped as a cone, and the accelerated high-energy electron beam impinges on the conical surface of the target body (5), whereby the generated X-rays can be emitted at 360 degrees perpendicular to the axial direction of the second envelope (8).
6. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to claim 5, characterized in that the cone angle of the target body (5) is in the range of 170 ° to 178 °.
7. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to claim 6, characterized in that the cone angle of the target body (5) is 174 °.
8. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the target body (5) is copper, tungsten or molybdenum.
9. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to claim 2, characterized in that the target cooling unit (6) has a cooling tube built in, and the cooling of the target (5) is achieved by introducing cooling water or oil into the cooling tube.
10. Special X-ray tube for extreme environments according to any of claims 6-9, characterized in that the closed end of the first tube housing (1) is provided with an exhaust tube (7) for evacuating the interior of the X-ray tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311689707.3A CN117912917A (en) | 2023-12-11 | 2023-12-11 | Special X-ray tube used in extreme environment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311689707.3A CN117912917A (en) | 2023-12-11 | 2023-12-11 | Special X-ray tube used in extreme environment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117912917A true CN117912917A (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311689707.3A Pending CN117912917A (en) | 2023-12-11 | 2023-12-11 | Special X-ray tube used in extreme environment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117912917A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-11 CN CN202311689707.3A patent/CN117912917A/en active Pending
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