CN117905484A - E-shaped plate joint for assembled inverted arch, design method and construction method thereof - Google Patents
E-shaped plate joint for assembled inverted arch, design method and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117905484A CN117905484A CN202410121499.5A CN202410121499A CN117905484A CN 117905484 A CN117905484 A CN 117905484A CN 202410121499 A CN202410121499 A CN 202410121499A CN 117905484 A CN117905484 A CN 117905484A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch, a design method and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of prefabricated assembled inverted arches at the bottom of a tunnel, comprising a first prefabricated block, a first E-shaped plate, a first bolt, a first nut, a first gasket, a second prefabricated block, a second E-shaped plate, a second bolt, a second nut and a second gasket, wherein the first prefabricated block is provided with a first contact surface, a first operation groove is formed in the first contact surface, a second contact surface is formed in the second prefabricated block, a second operation groove is formed in the second contact surface, the first contact surface is in contact with the second contact surface, and an operation space is defined by the first operation groove and the second operation groove; the first E-shaped plate is fixedly embedded in the first precast block; the second E-shaped plate is fixedly embedded in the second precast block; the first bolt and the second bolt can fixedly connect the first end plate and the second end plate; the invention can effectively improve the structural strength and is convenient for construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated inverted arches at the bottom of tunnels, in particular to an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch, a design method and a construction method thereof.
Background
Along with the construction and operation of a plurality of railway tunnels, tunnel substrates are easy to generate diseases such as cracking, breakage, water leakage, sinking, mud and slurry pumping. The disease phenomena are caused by various geological environments, such as soft rock, water-rich conditions, bedding bias, high ground stress and the like. In addition, the disease phenomenon can be caused by a plurality of factors such as insufficient rigidity of the structural joint, unreasonable durability design, insufficient drainage design, uneven construction process quality, aging of the structure and poor daily maintenance under the long-term action of loads such as trains, underground water and the like. The construction of railway tunnels is imperative to put higher requirements on tunnel structure and quality. The development of the high-performance joint reduces occurrence of diseases while realizing modern construction, ensures safe operation of a railway tunnel, and has extremely important significance.
At present, the traditional railway tunnel adopts a cast-in-situ mode, and the defects of the traditional railway tunnel include complex construction procedures, uneven lining strength, untimely structural bearing and the like. The assembled inverted arch is adopted, so that the operation in a hole is reduced, labor and materials are saved, the construction condition is improved, the construction speed is greatly improved, and the construction period is shortened. Meanwhile, the assembled structure does not need maintenance, is timely in bearing and high in applicability, can be suitable for high and cold areas, and can realize intelligent construction of railway tunnels to a great extent. Currently, prefabricated assembly techniques are less studied in railway tunnels and conventional joints are used in many cases. The joint part is the weakest stressed position of the prefabricated inverted arch structure, so that the integral rigidity and stability of the inverted arch are determined to a great extent, and the joint needs to be ensured to exert excellent performance in design. The traditional joint is greatly influenced by the performance of concrete, and once the phenomenon of cracking at the hand hole and the like occurs, the bearing capacity of the joint is rapidly lost, so that the safety of the inverted arch structure is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch, a design method and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art, effectively improving the structural strength and facilitating the construction.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch, which comprises a first prefabricated block, a first E-shaped plate, a first bolt, a first nut, a first gasket, a second prefabricated block, a second E-shaped plate, a second bolt, a second nut and a second gasket, wherein a first contact surface is arranged on the first prefabricated block, a first operation groove is formed in the first contact surface, a second contact surface is arranged on the second prefabricated block, a second operation groove is formed in the second contact surface, the first contact surface is in contact with the second contact surface, and an operation space is formed by the first operation groove and the second operation groove; the first E-shaped plate is fixedly arranged in the first precast block in a pre-buried mode, the first E-shaped plate comprises a first end plate and three first side plates, the side surface, far away from the inside of the first precast block, of the first end plate is flush with the first contact surface, a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are formed in the first end plate, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole can be exposed in the first operation groove, one ends of the three first side plates are fixedly arranged on the side surface, close to the inside of the first precast block, of the first end plate, the other ends of the three first side plates extend towards the inside of the first precast block, at least one first anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three first side plates, and each first anchor bar is fixedly arranged in the first precast block in a pre-buried mode; the second E-shaped plate is fixedly arranged in the second precast block in a pre-buried mode, the second E-shaped plate comprises a second end plate and three second side plates, the side surface, far away from the inside of the second precast block, of the second end plate is flush with the second contact surface, a third connecting hole and a fourth connecting hole are formed in the second end plate, the third connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole can be exposed in the second operation groove, one ends of the three second side plates are fixedly arranged on the side surface, close to the inside of the second precast block, of the second end plate, the other ends of the three second side plates extend towards the inside of the second precast block, at least one second anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three second side plates, and each second anchor bar is fixedly arranged in the second precast block in a pre-buried mode; the first bolt can pass through the first connecting hole and the third connecting hole, the first gasket is sleeved on the first bolt, and the first nut is in threaded connection with the first bolt so as to fixedly connect the first end plate with the second end plate; the second bolt can pass through the second connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole, the second gasket is sleeved on the second bolt, and the second nut is in threaded connection with the second bolt so as to fixedly connect the first end plate with the second end plate.
Preferably, at least one first end head is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the first end plate, of each first anchor bar; at least one second end head is fixedly arranged at one end of each second anchor bar far away from the second end plate.
Preferably, at least one third anchor bar is fixedly connected to each of the three first side plates, each third anchor bar is fixedly embedded in the first precast block, and each third anchor bar is arranged below each first anchor bar; at least one fourth anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three second side plates, each fourth anchor bar is fixedly arranged in the second precast block in a pre-buried mode, and each fourth anchor bar is arranged below each second anchor bar.
Preferably, the first contact surface has a tongue and groove thereon, and the second contact surface has a tongue and groove thereon, the tongue and groove being capable of being inserted into the groove.
Preferably, the first bolt and the second bolt are both 8.8-stage high-strength bolts.
The invention provides a design method for an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch based on any one of the above, which comprises the following steps:
S1, determining the sizes of a first precast block and a second precast block according to the tunnel size;
S2, calculating the required thickness t f (mm) of the first end plate of the first E-shaped plate and the second end plate of the second E-shaped plate, specifically
Wherein alpha is a bending moment coefficient; p is the tensile force (N) acting on the first bolt and the second bolt, and can be calculated by establishing a joint finite element model; a is the closest point distance (mm) between the side plate and the edge of the bolt hole; l is the spacing (mm) inside the joint member; b is the outer diameter (mm) of the gasket; h f is the effective height (mm) of the first end plate and the second end plate; σ pa is the allowable tensile stress (mm) of the first end plate and the second end plate.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
S3, calculating the maximum theoretical stress sigma c (mPa) on the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch, in particular
Wherein beta is a stress coefficient, and 1.05 is taken; m is a design bending moment (N.mm); n is the design axial force (kN); h is the thickness (mm) of the segment; b is the width (mm) of the duct piece; d is the effective height (mm) of the tensile reinforcement; d' is the effective height (mm) of the pressed rebar; x is the distance (mm) of the compression side edge to the neutralization axis; n is the elastic modulus ratio of the reinforced steel bar to the concrete; a s is the cross-sectional area of the tensile bar (mm 2);A's is the cross-sectional area of the compression bar (mm 2), C is the distance (mm) from the thickness center of the segment to the tensile bar, and C' is the distance (mm) from the thickness center of the segment to the compression bar.
The invention also provides a construction method for the E-shaped plate joint of the assembled inverted arch based on any one of the above, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
S1, machining a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece: processing and producing a first end plate, a first side plate, a first anchor bar and a first end head in a factory, perforating the first end plate to obtain a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole, and assembling the first end plate, the first side plate, the first anchor bar and the first end head to obtain a first connecting piece; machining and producing a second end plate, a second side plate, a second anchor bar and a second end head in a factory, perforating the second end plate to obtain a third connecting hole and a fourth connecting hole, and assembling the second end plate, the second side plate, the second anchor bar and the second end head to obtain a second connecting piece;
s2, assembling a reinforcement cage and a first connecting piece of the first precast block, and assembling a reinforcement cage and a second connecting piece of the second precast block: binding a reinforcement cage of the first precast block, putting the reinforcement cage of the first precast block and the first connecting piece in a die of the first precast block together, and fixing the positions of the reinforcement cage of the first precast block and the first connecting piece; binding a reinforcement cage of a second precast block, putting the reinforcement cage of the second precast block and a second connecting piece in a die of the second precast block together, and fixing the positions of the reinforcement cage of the second precast block and the second connecting piece;
S3, pouring to obtain a first precast block and a second precast block: reinforcing the assembly structure of the reinforcement cage and the first connecting piece of the first precast block, reinforcing the die of the first precast block, and then pouring concrete, wherein vibration is needed during pouring; reinforcing the assembly structure of the reinforcement cage and the second connecting piece of the second precast block, reinforcing the mold of the second precast block, and then pouring concrete, wherein vibration is needed during pouring;
S4, hoisting: transporting the first precast block and the second precast block obtained in the step S3 to a tunnel engineering site, and lifting the first precast block and the second precast block by adopting a crane respectively;
S5, enabling the first contact surface on the first precast block to be attached to the second contact surface on the second precast block, and enabling the tenon key on the first precast block to be embedded into the tenon groove on the second precast block;
S6, enabling the first bolt to pass through the first connecting hole and the third connecting hole, sleeving the first gasket on the first bolt, connecting the first nut with the first bolt in a threaded manner, and screwing the first nut; the second bolt penetrates through the second connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole, the second gasket is sleeved on the second bolt, the second nut is in threaded connection with the second bolt, the second nut is screwed tightly, the first end plate is fixedly connected with the second end plate, and construction is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
According to the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch, the design method and the construction method thereof, the first E-shaped plate, the second E-shaped plate and the concrete member are combined, and the first precast block and the second precast block can be assembled on site only by using bolts and nuts, so that quick construction can be realized, and the traditional cast-in-situ construction period is greatly shortened; the joint rigidity is improved by 3 times compared with the joint rigidity in the prior art, is a high-performance joint, and is suitable for most tunnel working conditions; the optimization of the construction process and the improvement of the construction quality are facilitated, a set of effective, high-applicability and complete technical scheme and implementation scheme are provided for effectively solving the problems of uplift, cracking, slurry discharge and the like caused by insufficient bearing capacity of the railway tunnel joint, the common stress form of the traditional bolt-concrete is converted into a bolt-steel plate stress form, the bolts in the bolt-steel plate stress form are the first bolts and the second bolts in the embodiment, the steel plates are the first end plate, the first side plate, the second end plate and the second side plate in the embodiment, and the steel plates work together with the concrete through the bonding effect of the first anchor bars and the second anchor bars and the concrete; meanwhile, the steel plate has good deformability, the ductility of the joint can be greatly improved, the E-shaped plate joint rigidity of the assembled inverted arch is ensured, the inverted arch joint is enabled to process a good stress state when being stressed, the effect of the strong joint is achieved under the failure state, the integral stress performance of the inverted arch structure is guaranteed, the safety of the integral inverted arch structure is effectively guaranteed, a reliable foundation is provided for a tunnel bottom structure, the E-shaped plate joint form and the excellent performance for the assembled inverted arch are provided, the bending rigidity of the joint can be greatly improved, compared with the traditional inverted arch cast-in-situ mode, the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch is also capable of well guaranteeing the integrity of the plate structure, the design goal of the strong joint weak member is achieved, the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch is free of the defect of the traditional joint, the quick assembly installation of the site is also achieved, the rigidity is greatly improved, the E-shaped plate joint is suitable for any level surrounding areas, the E-shaped plate joint form is extremely important, the construction is efficient, the safety and the convenience are guaranteed, and the safety and the reliability of the assembled inverted arch structure are guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an E-plate joint for a fabricated invert provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the E-plate joint for the fabricated invert provided in FIG. 1 in another orientation;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the E-plate joint for the fabricated inverted arch of FIG. 1 with the first and second prefabricated sections omitted;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement dimensions of the tensile reinforcement and the compression reinforcement.
In the figure: 1-first prefabricated block, 2-second prefabricated block, 3-tongue-and-groove, 4-tongue-and-groove, 5-first connecting piece, 6-second connecting piece, 7-first end plate, 8-second end plate, 9-first curb plate, 10-second curb plate, 11-first bolt, 12-second bolt, 13-first anchor rib, 14-second anchor rib, 15-first end, 16-second end.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch, a design method and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art, effectively improving the structural strength and facilitating the construction.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch, including a first prefabricated block 1, a first E-shaped plate, a first bolt 11, a first nut, a first washer, a second prefabricated block 2, a second E-shaped plate, a second bolt 12, a second nut, and a second washer, wherein the first prefabricated block 1 has a first contact surface, a first operation groove is formed on the first contact surface, a second contact surface is formed on the second prefabricated block 2, a second operation groove is formed on the second contact surface, the first contact surface contacts with the second contact surface, and an operation space is defined by the first operation groove and the second operation groove; the first E-shaped plate is fixedly arranged in the first precast block 1 in a pre-buried mode, the first E-shaped plate comprises a first end plate 7 and three first side plates 9, the side surface, far away from the interior of the first precast block 1, of the first end plate 7 is flush with a first contact surface, a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are formed in the first end plate 7, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole can be exposed in a first operation groove, one ends of the three first side plates 9 are fixedly arranged on the side surface, close to the interior of the first precast block 1, of the first end plate 7, the other ends of the three first side plates 9 extend towards the interior of the first precast block 1, at least one first anchor bar 13 is fixedly connected to the three first side plates 9, and each first anchor bar 13 is fixedly arranged in the first precast block 1 in a pre-buried mode; the second E-shaped plate is fixedly embedded in the second precast block 2 and comprises a second end plate 8 and three second side plates 10, the side surface, far away from the interior of the second precast block 2, of the second end plate 8 is flush with a second contact surface, a third connecting hole and a fourth connecting hole are formed in the second end plate 8, the third connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole can be exposed in a second operation groove, one ends of the three second side plates 10 are fixedly arranged on the side surface, close to the interior of the second precast block 2, of the second end plate 8, the other ends of the three second side plates 10 extend towards the interior of the second precast block 2, at least one second anchor bar 14 is fixedly connected to the three second side plates 10, and each second anchor bar 14 is fixedly embedded in the second precast block 2; the first bolt 11 can pass through the first connecting hole and the third connecting hole, the first gasket is sleeved on the first bolt 11, and the first nut is in threaded connection with the first bolt 11 so as to fixedly connect the first end plate 7 with the second end plate 8; the second bolt 12 can pass through the second connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole, the second gasket is sleeved on the second bolt 12, and the second nut is in threaded connection with the second bolt 12 so as to fixedly connect the first end plate 7 with the second end plate 8.
The E-shaped plate connector for the assembled inverted arch, provided by the embodiment, combines the first E-shaped plate, the second E-shaped plate and the concrete member, can complete the assembly of the first precast block 1 and the second precast block 2 on site by using bolts and nuts, can realize quick construction, and greatly shortens the traditional cast-in-situ construction period; the joint rigidity is improved by 3 times compared with the joint rigidity in the prior art, is a high-performance joint, and is suitable for most tunnel working conditions; the optimization of the construction process and the improvement of the construction quality are facilitated, a set of effective, high-applicability and complete technical scheme and implementation scheme are provided for effectively solving the problems of uplift, cracking, slurry discharge and the like caused by insufficient bearing capacity of the railway tunnel joint, the common stress form of the traditional bolt-concrete is converted into a bolt-steel plate stress form, the bolts in the bolt-steel plate stress form are the first bolts 11 and the second bolts 12 in the embodiment, the steel plates are the first end plate 7, the first side plate 9, the second end plate 8 and the second side plate 10 in the embodiment, and the combined working of the combined stress form and the concrete is realized through the bonding effect of the first anchor ribs 13 and the second anchor ribs 14 and the concrete; meanwhile, the steel plate has good deformability, the ductility of the joint can be greatly improved, the E-shaped plate joint rigidity of the assembled inverted arch is ensured, the inverted arch joint is enabled to process a good stress state when being stressed, the effect of the strong joint is achieved under the failure state, the integral stress performance of the inverted arch structure is guaranteed, the safety of the integral inverted arch structure is effectively guaranteed, a reliable foundation is provided for a tunnel bottom structure, the E-shaped plate joint form and the excellent performance for the assembled inverted arch are provided, the bending rigidity of the joint can be greatly improved, compared with the traditional inverted arch cast-in-situ mode, the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch is also capable of well guaranteeing the integrity of the plate structure, the design goal of the strong joint weak member is achieved, the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch is free of the defect of the traditional joint, the quick assembly installation of the site is also achieved, the rigidity is greatly improved, the E-shaped plate joint is suitable for any level surrounding areas, the E-shaped plate joint form is extremely important, the construction is efficient, the safety and the convenience are guaranteed, and the safety and the reliability of the assembled inverted arch structure are guaranteed.
Further, at least one first end head 15 is fixedly arranged on one end, far away from the first end plate 7, of each first anchor bar 13 so as to improve the anchoring effect of the first anchor bar 13; at least one second end 16 is fixedly arranged on the end of each second anchor bar 14 far away from the second end plate 8 so as to improve the anchoring effect of the second anchor bar 14.
Further, at least one third anchor bar is fixedly connected to each of the three first side plates 9, each third anchor bar is fixedly embedded in the first precast block 1, and each third anchor bar is arranged below each first anchor bar 13; at least one fourth anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three second side plates 10, each fourth anchor bar is fixedly embedded in the second precast block 2, and each fourth anchor bar is arranged below each second anchor bar 14 so as to improve the connection stability of the first side plate 9; at least one third end head is fixedly arranged at one end of each third anchor bar far away from the first end plate 7; at least one fourth end head is fixedly arranged at one end of each fourth anchor bar far away from the second end plate 8 so as to improve the connection stability of the second side plate 10.
Furthermore, the first contact surface is provided with the tenon key 3, the second contact surface is provided with the tenon groove 4, the tenon key 3 can be embedded into the tenon groove 4, the tenon key 3 is matched with the tenon groove 4, so that the shearing strength of a joint can be improved, diseases such as staggering and the like are reduced, the mechanical property of joint connection is greatly optimized, in the embodiment, the inclination angle of the upper side and the lower side of the tenon key 3 is 80 degrees, the tenon key 3 is convenient to assemble with the tenon groove 4, the tenon key 3 penetrates through the whole width direction of the first precast block 1, the center distance of the tenon key 3 is 210mm from the top surface, the width of the tenon key 3 is 80mm, and the thickness of the tenon key 3 is 30mm; the inclination of the upper and lower sides of tongue-and-groove 4 is 80, is convenient for assemble with tongue-and-groove 3, and tongue-and-groove 4 runs through the whole width direction of second prefabricated section 2, and tongue-and-groove 4 centre-to-centre spacing top surface 210mm, and tongue-and-groove 4 width is 80mm, is tongue-and-groove 4 thickness 30mm, and the whole tongue-and-groove 3 looks adaptation with first prefabricated section 1, and preferably tongue-and-groove 4 leaves 2 mm's space with tongue-and-groove 3, and during assembling, tongue-and-groove 3 and tongue-and-groove 4 direct butt joint are assembled, can improve the stability of the inverted arch structure wholeness and reinforcing joint shear resistance.
As a preferable embodiment of the present embodiment, the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 12 are each 8.8-stage high-strength bolts.
In this embodiment, the first side plate 9 is welded with the first end plate 7, all the welding grooves are used for welding, so that the welding strength is ensured, the first anchor bar 13 is welded with the first side plate 9, a long opening is formed in the first side plate 9, the first anchor bar 13 is buried welded, and the first end head 15 is welded with the first anchor bar 13; the second side plate 10 is welded with the second end plate 8, all grooves are adopted for welding, welding strength is guaranteed, the second anchor bars 14 are welded with the second side plate 10, a long opening is formed in the second side plate 10, the second anchor bars 14 are buried and welded, and the second end heads 16 are welded with the second anchor bars 14.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a design method for an E-type plate joint for an assembled inverted arch based on the first embodiment, including the steps of:
s1, determining the sizes of a first precast block 1 and a second precast block 2 according to the tunnel size;
S2, calculating the required thickness t f (mm) of the first end plate 7 of the first E-shaped plate and the second end plate 8 of the second E-shaped plate, specifically
Wherein alpha is a bending moment coefficient; p is the tension (N) acting on the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 12, and can be calculated by establishing a joint finite element model; a is the closest point distance (mm) between the side plate and the edge of the bolt hole; l is the spacing (mm) inside the joint member; b is the outer diameter (mm) of the gasket; h f is the effective height (mm) of the first end plate 7 and the second end plate 8; σ pa is the allowable tensile stress (mm) of the first end plate 7 and the second end plate 8.
The calculated required thickness t f (mm) of the first E-shaped plate and the second E-shaped plate is applied to the first E-shaped plate and the second E-shaped plate, and a 2mm fit gap is reserved at the tenon key 3 and the tenon groove 4 in consideration of manufacturing errors of prefabricated components, so that construction is facilitated; the length of the first bolt 11 and the length of the second bolt 12 are smaller than the length of the first side plate 9, so that the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 12 can be smoothly installed between two adjacent first side plates 9, and the length of the first bolt 11 and the length of the second bolt 12 are smaller than the length of the second side plate 10, so that the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 12 can be smoothly installed between two adjacent second side plates 10. Because of the different surrounding rock grades of different tunnels, the bending moment and the axial force applied to the E-shaped plate joint of the assembled inverted arch provided by the embodiment are different, and the required thicknesses of the first E-shaped plate and the second E-shaped plate are different. After the sizes of the first precast block 1 and the second precast block 2 and the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 12 are selected, the required thickness of the first E-shaped plate and the second E-shaped plate is calculated according to the formulaThe axial force-bending moment combination born by the inverted arch node can be just balanced and distributed to the stress of the first end plate 7 and the second end plate 8, so that materials can be saved, the stress can reach the optimal state, and the function of the novel joint can be exerted to the greatest extent.
Further, the method for designing an E-shaped plate joint for an assembled inverted arch according to the first embodiment further includes the following steps:
S3, calculating the maximum theoretical stress sigma c (mPa) on the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch, in particular
Wherein beta is a stress coefficient, and 1.05 is taken; m is a design bending moment (N.mm); n is the design axial force (kN); h is the thickness (mm) of the segment; b is the width (mm) of the duct piece; d is the effective height (mm) of the tensile reinforcement; d' is the effective height (mm) of the pressed rebar; x is the distance (mm) of the compression side edge to the neutralization axis; n is the elastic modulus ratio of the reinforced steel bar to the concrete; a s is the cross-sectional area of the tensile bar (mm 2);A's is the cross-sectional area of the compression bar (mm 2), C is the distance (mm) from the thickness center of the segment to the tensile bar, and C' is the distance (mm) from the thickness center of the segment to the compression bar.
In this embodiment, the width b=500 mm, the joint height h=350 mm of the E-shaped plate joint for the fabricated inverted arch, two 8.8-stage M24 high strength bolts are used for the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 12, Q345 steel is used for the first E-shaped plate and the second E-shaped plate, and HRB400 steel is used for the first anchor bar 13, the second anchor bar 14, the first end 15 and the second end 16.
In the first E-plate, the thickness of the first end plate 7 is calculated by the formulaCalculating to obtain a bending moment coefficient alpha=1.5 of the first E-shaped plate, wherein the closest point distance a=24.5 mm between the first side plate 9 and the edge of the bolt hole, the outer diameter b=44 mm of the gasket, the spacing l of the side plates=93 mm, the effective height h f =140 mm of the first end plate 7, the allowable stress sigma pa＝205N/mm2, the tensile force P acting on the first bolt 11 and the second bolt 12 can be calculated by establishing a joint finite element model, and the required thickness of the first E-shaped plate can be obtained to be 28mm by P= 291072N; the first anchor bar 13 and the third anchor bar have the same structure, the first anchor bar 13 and the third anchor bar are respectively 22 steel bars, the length is 650mm, each first side plate 9 is welded with the upper anchor bar and the lower anchor bar of the first anchor bar 13 and the third anchor bar, each connecting piece is welded with 6 anchor bars in total, each anchor bar end is welded with 2 ends, the length of each end is 3d (d is the diameter of the anchor bar), the rigidity of the joint can be effectively improved, and the bending resistance is enhanced;
In the second E-shape, the thickness of the second end plate 8 is calculated by the formula Calculating to obtain the required thickness of the second E-shaped plate which is 28mm; the second anchor bar 14 adopts 22 steel bars, the length is 650mm, and the second curb plate 10 welds the anchor bar, and every connecting piece welds 6 anchor bars altogether, and 2 ends of every anchor bar tip welding, and second end 16 length is 3d (d is anchor bar diameter), can effectively improve joint rigidity, reinforcing bending resistance.
The results of the stress on the E-plate joint for the fabricated invert of example one were measured under four conditions and are shown in the following table:
example III
The embodiment provides a construction method for an E-shaped plate joint of an assembled inverted arch based on the first embodiment, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
S1, machining a first connecting piece 5 and a second connecting piece 6: the first end plate 7, the first side plate 9, the first anchor bar 13 and the first end head 15 are manufactured in a factory, a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are formed in the first end plate 7, and the first end plate 7, the first side plate 9, the first anchor bar 13 and the first end head 15 are assembled to obtain a first connecting piece 5; machining and producing a second end plate 8, a second side plate 10, a second anchor bar 14 and a second end head 16 in a factory, perforating the second end plate 8 to obtain a third connecting hole and a fourth connecting hole, and assembling the second end plate 8, the second side plate 10, the second anchor bar 14 and the second end head 16 to obtain a second connecting piece 6;
S2, assembling a reinforcement cage and a first connecting piece 5 of the first precast block 1, and assembling a reinforcement cage and a second connecting piece 6 of the second precast block 2: binding the reinforcement cage of the first precast block 1, putting the reinforcement cage of the first precast block 1 and the first connecting piece 5 in a die of the first precast block 1 together, and fixing the positions of the reinforcement cage of the first precast block 1 and the first connecting piece 5; binding the reinforcement cage of the second precast block 2, putting the reinforcement cage of the second precast block 2 and the second connecting piece 6 in a die of the second precast block 2 together, and fixing the positions of the reinforcement cage of the second precast block 2 and the second connecting piece 6;
S3, pouring to obtain a first precast block 1 and a second precast block 2: reinforcing the assembly structure of the reinforcement cage of the first precast block 1 and the first connecting piece 5, reinforcing the die of the first precast block 1 at the same time, avoiding position running during pouring, affecting accuracy, and then performing concrete pouring and vibrating while pouring; reinforcing the assembly structure of the reinforcement cage of the second precast block 2 and the second connecting piece 6, reinforcing the die of the second precast block 2, avoiding position shifting during pouring, affecting accuracy, and then performing concrete pouring and vibrating while pouring;
s4, hoisting: transporting the first precast block 1 and the second precast block 2 obtained in the step S3 to a tunnel engineering site, and lifting the first precast block 1 and the second precast block 2 by adopting a crane respectively;
S5, enabling the first contact surface on the first precast block 1 to be attached to the second contact surface on the second precast block 2, and enabling the tenon key 3 on the first precast block 1 to be embedded into the tenon groove 4 on the second precast block 2;
S6, enabling the first bolt 11 to penetrate through the first connecting hole and the third connecting hole, sleeving the first gasket on the first bolt 11, connecting the first nut with the first bolt 11 in a threaded manner, and screwing the first nut; the second bolt 12 passes through the second connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole, a second gasket is sleeved on the second bolt 12, a second nut is in threaded connection with the second bolt 12, and the second nut is screwed tightly so as to fixedly connect the first end plate 7 with the second end plate 8, and the construction is finished.
The construction method provided by the embodiment is efficient and convenient, only the prefabricated inverted arch is required to be transported to the site and installed to the designated position, and finally the prefabricated block is connected into a whole by using the bolts. Meanwhile, the quality of the components can be strictly controlled by adopting a factory prefabrication mode, the manufacturing efficiency is improved, and the components are not influenced by environmental factors such as weather and the like. The construction can be carried out by combining large-scale assembling equipment, so that the mechanization and the intellectualization of tunnel engineering construction are greatly promoted, and the dilemma of the site cast-in-situ construction in a low-temperature environment is solved.
In this embodiment, the first side plate 9 is welded to the first end plate 7, the first anchor bar 13 is welded to the first side plate 9, the first side plate 9 is provided with a long opening, the first anchor bar 13 is buried and welded, and the first end head 15 is welded to the first anchor bar 13; the second side plate 10 is welded with the second end plate 8, the second anchor bars 14 are welded with the second side plate 10, a long opening is formed in the second side plate 10, the second anchor bars 14 are buried and welded, and the second end heads 16 are welded with the second anchor bars 14; it should be noted that the reinforcement cage of the first precast block 1 and the first connecting piece 5 are not mutually collided, and the reinforcement cage of the second precast block 2 and the second connecting piece 6 are not mutually collided; in S3, before pouring, a protective layer cushion block is added at the bottoms of the reinforcement cage of the first precast block 1 and the reinforcement cage of the second precast block 2.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An E-shaped plate joint for an assembled invert, characterized in that: the device comprises a first precast block, a first E-shaped plate, a first bolt, a first nut, a first gasket, a second precast block, a second E-shaped plate, a second bolt, a second nut and a second gasket, wherein the first precast block is provided with a first contact surface, a first operation groove is formed in the first contact surface, the second precast block is provided with a second contact surface, a second operation groove is formed in the second contact surface, the first contact surface is in contact with the second contact surface, and an operation space is defined by the first operation groove and the second operation groove;
The first E-shaped plate is fixedly arranged in the first precast block in a pre-buried mode, the first E-shaped plate comprises a first end plate and three first side plates, the side surface, far away from the inside of the first precast block, of the first end plate is flush with the first contact surface, a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole are formed in the first end plate, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole can be exposed in the first operation groove, one ends of the three first side plates are fixedly arranged on the side surface, close to the inside of the first precast block, of the first end plate, the other ends of the three first side plates extend towards the inside of the first precast block, at least one first anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three first side plates, and each first anchor bar is fixedly arranged in the first precast block in a pre-buried mode;
The second E-shaped plate is fixedly arranged in the second precast block in a pre-buried mode, the second E-shaped plate comprises a second end plate and three second side plates, the side surface, far away from the inside of the second precast block, of the second end plate is flush with the second contact surface, a third connecting hole and a fourth connecting hole are formed in the second end plate, the third connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole can be exposed in the second operation groove, one ends of the three second side plates are fixedly arranged on the side surface, close to the inside of the second precast block, of the second end plate, the other ends of the three second side plates extend towards the inside of the second precast block, at least one second anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three second side plates, and each second anchor bar is fixedly arranged in the second precast block in a pre-buried mode;
the first bolt can pass through the first connecting hole and the third connecting hole, the first gasket is sleeved on the first bolt, and the first nut is in threaded connection with the first bolt so as to fixedly connect the first end plate with the second end plate;
The second bolt can pass through the second connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole, the second gasket is sleeved on the second bolt, and the second nut is in threaded connection with the second bolt so as to fixedly connect the first end plate with the second end plate.
2. An E-type plate fitting for a fabricated invert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one first end head is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the first end plate, of each first anchor bar; at least one second end head is fixedly arranged at one end of each second anchor bar far away from the second end plate.
3. An E-type plate fitting for a fabricated invert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one third anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three first side plates, each third anchor bar is fixedly embedded in the first precast block, and each third anchor bar is arranged below each first anchor bar; at least one fourth anchor bar is fixedly connected to the three second side plates, each fourth anchor bar is fixedly arranged in the second precast block in a pre-buried mode, and each fourth anchor bar is arranged below each second anchor bar.
4. An E-type plate fitting for a fabricated invert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first contact surface has a tongue and groove thereon, and the second contact surface has a tongue and groove thereon into which the tongue and groove can be inserted.
5. An E-type plate fitting for a fabricated invert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first bolt and the second bolt are all 8.8-level high-strength bolts.
6. A method of designing an E-type plate joint for a fabricated inverted arch based on any one of claims 1-5, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
S1, determining the sizes of a first precast block and a second precast block according to the tunnel size;
S2, calculating the required thickness t f (mm) of the first end plate of the first E-shaped plate and the second end plate of the second E-shaped plate, specifically
Wherein alpha is a bending moment coefficient; p is the tensile force (N) acting on the first bolt and the second bolt, and can be calculated by establishing a joint finite element model; a is the closest point distance (mm) between the side plate and the edge of the bolt hole; l is the spacing (mm) inside the joint member; b is the outer diameter (mm) of the gasket; h f is the effective height (mm) of the first end plate and the second end plate; σ pa is the allowable tensile stress (mm) of the first end plate and the second end plate.
7. The design method according to claim 6, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps:
S3, calculating the maximum theoretical stress sigma c (mPa) on the E-shaped plate joint for the assembled inverted arch, in particular
Wherein beta is a stress coefficient, and 1.05 is taken; m is a design bending moment (N.mm); n is the design axial force (kN); h is the thickness (mm) of the segment; b is the width (mm) of the duct piece; d is the effective height (mm) of the tensile reinforcement; d' is the effective height (mm) of the pressed rebar; x is the distance (mm) of the compression side edge to the neutralization axis; n is the elastic modulus ratio of the reinforced steel bar to the concrete; a s is the cross-sectional area of the tensile bar (mm 2);A's is the cross-sectional area of the compression bar (mm 2), C is the distance (mm) from the thickness center of the segment to the tensile bar, and C' is the distance (mm) from the thickness center of the segment to the compression bar.
8. A method of construction of an E-type panel joint for a fabricated inverted arch based on any one of claims 1-5, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
S1, machining a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece: processing and producing a first end plate, a first side plate, a first anchor bar and a first end head in a factory, perforating the first end plate to obtain a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole, and assembling the first end plate, the first side plate, the first anchor bar and the first end head to obtain a first connecting piece; machining and producing a second end plate, a second side plate, a second anchor bar and a second end head in a factory, perforating the second end plate to obtain a third connecting hole and a fourth connecting hole, and assembling the second end plate, the second side plate, the second anchor bar and the second end head to obtain a second connecting piece;
s2, assembling a reinforcement cage and a first connecting piece of the first precast block, and assembling a reinforcement cage and a second connecting piece of the second precast block: binding a reinforcement cage of the first precast block, putting the reinforcement cage of the first precast block and the first connecting piece in a die of the first precast block together, and fixing the positions of the reinforcement cage of the first precast block and the first connecting piece; binding a reinforcement cage of a second precast block, putting the reinforcement cage of the second precast block and a second connecting piece in a die of the second precast block together, and fixing the positions of the reinforcement cage of the second precast block and the second connecting piece;
S3, pouring to obtain a first precast block and a second precast block: reinforcing the assembly structure of the reinforcement cage and the first connecting piece of the first precast block, reinforcing the die of the first precast block, and then pouring concrete, wherein vibration is needed during pouring; reinforcing the assembly structure of the reinforcement cage and the second connecting piece of the second precast block, reinforcing the mold of the second precast block, and then pouring concrete, wherein vibration is needed during pouring;
S4, hoisting: transporting the first precast block and the second precast block obtained in the step S3 to a tunnel engineering site, and lifting the first precast block and the second precast block by adopting a crane respectively;
S5, enabling the first contact surface on the first precast block to be attached to the second contact surface on the second precast block, and enabling the tenon key on the first precast block to be embedded into the tenon groove on the second precast block;
S6, enabling the first bolt to pass through the first connecting hole and the third connecting hole, sleeving the first gasket on the first bolt, connecting the first nut with the first bolt in a threaded manner, and screwing the first nut; the second bolt penetrates through the second connecting hole and the fourth connecting hole, the second gasket is sleeved on the second bolt, the second nut is in threaded connection with the second bolt, the second nut is screwed tightly, the first end plate is fixedly connected with the second end plate, and construction is finished.
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