CN117881908A - Internal clutch predamper with high filtering capability - Google Patents
Internal clutch predamper with high filtering capability Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117881908A CN117881908A CN202280058932.4A CN202280058932A CN117881908A CN 117881908 A CN117881908 A CN 117881908A CN 202280058932 A CN202280058932 A CN 202280058932A CN 117881908 A CN117881908 A CN 117881908A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cover plate
- shroud
- separator
- spring cover
- predamper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000001953 Hypotension Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
- F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
- F16F15/123—Wound springs
- F16F15/1238—Wound springs with pre-damper, i.e. additional set of springs between flange of main damper and hub
- F16F15/12386—Pre-damper cage construction
Abstract
A pre-damper apparatus comprising: a separator shroud; a first spring cover plate received in the separator shroud; a friction washer received in the separator shroud, the first spring cover plate being located between the separator shroud and the friction washer; a belleville washer received in the separator shroud, the first spring cover plate and the friction washer being located between the separator shroud and the belleville washer; a stack of plates received in the separator shroud, the belleville washers being located between the stack of plates and the separator shroud; a spacer washer received in the separator shroud, the stack being located between the spacer washer and the separator shroud; and a second spring cover plate, the friction washer, the belleville washer, the stack plate, and the spacer washer being located between the first spring cover plate and the second spring cover plate.
Description
Cross Reference to Related Applications
The present application was filed on 8.31 of 2022 as PCT international patent application claiming priority and benefit from U.S. provisional application No.63/239,057 filed on 31 of 2021, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Background
The pre-damper assembly may be used to filter out torsional vibrations emanating from the engine. Current predampers may include components formed of polymeric materials having hysteresis (hysteresis) that may not be able to filter engine vibrations and may wear out quickly under certain conditions. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a robust pre-damper assembly that is capable of filtering out vibrations during idle conditions and also providing a high hysteresis output for the main damper to absorb vibrations during driving and coasting conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
One aspect of an example of the present disclosure includes a predamper apparatus comprising: a separator shroud; a first spring cover plate received in the separator shroud; a friction washer received in the separator shroud, the first spring cover plate being located between the separator shroud and the friction washer; a Belleville washer received in the separator housing, the first spring cover plate and the friction washer being located between the separator housing and the Belleville washer; a stack of plates received in the separator shroud, the belleville washers being located between the stack of plates and the separator shroud; a spacer washer received in the separator shroud, the stack being located between the spacer washer and the separator shroud; and a second spring cover plate, with friction washers, belleville washers, stack plates, and spacer washers located between the first and second spring cover plates.
In various examples of the above aspects, the stack comprises one or more coil springs. In another example, the first spring cover plate is a bottom spring cover plate and the second spring cover plate is a top spring cover plate. In other examples, the separator shroud includes a planar body portion having a first central aperture formed therein. In yet another example, the planar body portion of the separator shroud includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart upstanding projections. In yet another example, the plurality of circumferentially spaced apart upstanding tabs define a first spaced apart recess. In other examples, at least one of the plurality of circumferentially spaced apart upstanding projections includes a lower contact portion, an upper contact portion, and a main damper projection. In one example, the first spring cover plate includes a plate body having a second central aperture formed therein. In another example, the predamper further comprises a first plurality of circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs extending radially from the plate body. In yet another example, the first plurality of circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs define a second plurality of spaced apart notches.
In other examples of the above aspects, the inner diameter of the friction washer includes a plurality of teeth formed thereon. In one example, a pack includes a pack body having a third central aperture formed therein, a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart helical spring tabs extending radially from the pack body, and a third spaced apart recess defined by the circumferentially spaced apart helical spring tabs. In yet another example, the circumferentially spaced helical spring projections include a plurality of spring apertures and the inner diameter of the stack includes teeth formed thereon. In yet another example, the second spring cover plate includes a top plate body having a fourth central aperture formed therein, a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart top spring tabs extending radially from the top plate body, the first spaced apart notches defined by the circumferentially spaced apart top spring tabs.
In further examples of the above aspect, the bottom spring cover plate is positioned in the separator shroud such that the first circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs are located in the first spaced apart recesses defined by the circumferentially spaced apart upstanding tabs of the separator shroud, each of the first circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs including an upstanding body, and the first spaced apart recesses have a width such that contact is permitted at a lower contact portion of the upstanding body. In another example, the friction washer contacts the plate body of the bottom spring cover plate on a lower surface thereof to provide a controlled friction surface, the belleville washer contacts an upper surface of the friction washer to apply an axial load that presses the friction washer against the plate body, the friction washer is rotationally coupled to the hub by the plurality of teeth, and the belleville washer is rotationally coupled to the hub by the plurality of teeth. In another example, the spacer washer is positioned in the separator shroud such that a lower surface of the spacer washer contacts the pack body and an upper surface of the spacer washer contacts the top plate body of the top spring cover plate.
In other examples of the above aspect, the top spring cover plate is positioned in the separator shroud such that second circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs are positioned in the first spaced apart recesses defined by circumferentially spaced apart upstanding tabs, each of the second circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs including an upstanding body, and the first spaced apart recesses have a width such that there is contact at an upper contact portion of the upstanding body. For example, the bottom spring cover plate and the top spring cover plate are configured to transfer torque from the separator shroud to and from the coil springs, and the coil springs transfer torque from the bottom spring cover plate and the top spring cover plate to and from the stack plate. In another example, the friction washer is pressed to the bottom spring cover plate and has a relative motion with respect to the bottom spring cover plate.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, a predamper assembly includes a predamper device as described above, and a primary snubber assembly coupled to the predamper device, the primary snubber assembly including a primary snubber tab disposed within a recess formed in the driven disc.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a pre-damper assembly.
FIG. 2 is an assembled perspective view of the pre-damper assembly.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the separator shroud.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a bottom spring cover plate.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a friction washer.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a belleville spring.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a stack.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a spacer washer.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a top spring cover plate.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the pre-damper assembly attached to a driven disc of the transmission.
FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of the pre-damper assembly attached to a driven disc of the transmission.
FIG. 12 is a partial perspective cutaway view of a pre-damper assembly attached to a driven disk of a transmission.
Detailed Description
Examples of the present disclosure include driven disc predampers suitable for a wide range of dry clutches (single or double disc), capable of covering all clutch sizes from a normal vehicle (about 180 mm) to a heavy-duty vehicle (about 430 mm) and all torque ranges from a normal vehicle (about 100 Nm) to a heavy-duty vehicle (about 3500 Nm), and can be bundled together with an organic or ceramic facing. Accordingly, examples of the present disclosure include an internal pre-damper concept that provides a high hysteresis output for the main damper to absorb vibrations during driving or coasting conditions, in addition to the function of filtering out torsional vibrations from the engine during idle conditions.
Typical driven discs generally have internal pre-dampers with critical components made from injected polymer that provide low hysteresis and high wear rate interfaces that may not be able to filter engine rattles in certain types of engines. Thus, a typical shock absorber may not be able to filter out OEM-level vibrations in, for example, an ohv engine, and may not provide adequate performance in terms of mileage.
The shock absorber according to the example of the present disclosure is configured to provide a 100% metal pre-shock absorber having a higher coefficient of friction due to the critical component, the separator shroud, which acts as a friction interface and controls the stack height of the belleville springs as load elements of the main shock absorber. In an example, the decoupler shroud also engages the components of the pre-damper to lock the components in place during idle operation when the main damper is not in operation.
According to various examples, a pre-damper (PD) includes a separator shroud, top and bottom spring covers, a stack, a coil spring, a toothed belleville spring, a friction washer, and a spacer washer. The separator shroud is the primary component and is configured to enclose the remaining predamper components. The shroud is attached in the Main Damper (MD) stack by a plurality of tabs (e.g., four tabs) that provide rotational motion and press the shroud against a spring cover on the flywheel side. In an example, the pack interface may be fixed while the spring cover interface is in a friction state such that they both rotate together. There is no relative movement between the separator shroud and the spring cover during the pre-damping stage, but friction exists between the separator shroud and the spring cover during the MD stage. Such friction may create a hysteresis torque within the pre-damper responsible for absorbing vibrations from the engine to the driveline and vice versa. The stack axially presses the separator shroud against the spring cover due to the axial load exerted by the belleville springs located on opposite sides of the predamper.
According to various examples, the top and bottom spring covers are fully enclosed by the separator shroud and are mounted on a plurality of protrusions of the separator shroud. The spring cover transfers torque from the separator shroud tab to the coil spring and vice versa. The spring cover also acts as a friction interface to the hysteresis of the predamper by providing a controlled surface for the friction washer. The coil springs transmit torque from the spring cover to the stack and vice versa and are responsible for filtering out vibrations from the engine by reducing the torsional stiffness of the system and pushing the resonance out of the engine idle range.
In an example, the stack transfers torque from the coil spring to the hub and vice versa. The hub is attached to an input shaft of the transmission. The PD hysteresis component consists of a toothed belleville spring, friction washers, and spacer washers. The belleville springs provide the required axial load in the assembly to press the friction washer against the bottom spring cover to provide a controlled friction surface. The belleville springs also compress the spacer washer against the stack and the top spring cover. The friction washer is pressed to the bottom spring cover and has relative movement due to the splined interface with the hub. During the pre-damper stage, the friction washer rubs against the bottom spring cover, thereby creating a pre-damper hysteresis.
In other examples, the spacer washers do not have the same spline interface and therefore do not rotate with the hub. Thus, friction in this component is not controlled, as the spacer washer will rub against both the top spring cover and the stack. The belleville springs also have a splined interface against the hub to resist relative movement between the belleville springs and the corresponding friction washers and stack plates.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a predamper assembly 20 is shown. In one aspect, pre-damper assembly 20 is formed from all metal components that provide a durable assembly. Pre-damper assembly 20 filters out torsional vibrations from the engine during idle conditions and also delivers a high hysteresis output for the main damper to absorb vibrations during driving/coasting conditions.
According to various examples, pre-damper assembly 20 includes a decoupler shroud 22. The decoupler shroud 22 houses additional components of the pre-damper assembly 20. The separator shroud 22 includes a planar body portion 24 having a first central aperture 26 formed therein. A plurality of circumferentially spaced upstanding projections 28 are formed on the planar body portion 24. The circumferentially spaced apart upstanding projections 28 define spaced apart notches 30. Each tab 28 includes an upstanding body 32, the upstanding body 32 including a lower contact portion 34, an upper contact portion 36 and a main damper tab 38.
According to various examples, referring to FIGS. 1-2 and 4, pre-damper assembly 20 includes a bottom spring cover plate 40. The bottom spring cover 40 includes a plate body 42, the plate body 42 having a second central aperture 44 formed therein. A plurality of circumferentially spaced spring tabs 46 extend radially from the plate 42. The circumferentially spaced spring tabs 46 define spaced notches 48.
According to various examples, referring to fig. 1-2 and 5, pre-damper assembly 20 includes a friction washer 50 having an upper surface 52 and a lower surface 54. The inner diameter 57 of the friction washer 50 includes teeth 56 formed thereon.
According to various examples, referring to fig. 1-2 and 6, pre-damper assembly 20 includes belleville washer 58 having an upper surface 60 and a lower surface 62. The inner diameter 64 of the belleville washer 58 includes the teeth 56 formed thereon.
According to various examples, referring to FIGS. 1-2 and 7, pre-damper assembly 20 includes a stack of plates 66. Pack 66 includes a pack body 68, pack body 68 having a third central aperture 70 formed therein. A plurality of circumferentially spaced helical spring tabs 72 extend radially from pack body 68. The circumferentially spaced apart helical spring tabs 72 define spaced apart notches 74. A coil spring 76 is disposed within spring apertures 78 formed in the circumferentially spaced coil spring tabs 72. The inner diameter 79 of the stack 66 includes teeth 56 formed thereon.
According to various examples, referring to fig. 1-2 and 8, pre-damper assembly 20 includes a spacer washer 80 having an upper surface 82 and a lower surface 84.
According to various examples, referring to FIGS. 1-2 and 9, pre-damper assembly 20 includes a top spring cover plate 86. The top spring cover plate 86 includes a top plate body 88, the top plate body 88 having a fourth central aperture 90 formed therein. A plurality of circumferentially spaced apart top spring tabs 92 extend radially from the top plate 88. The circumferentially spaced apart top spring tabs 92 define spaced apart notches 94.
In an example, when pre-damper assembly 20 is in an assembled state, as shown in FIG. 2, separator shroud 22 is a housing for other components including, for example, bottom spring cover plate 40, friction washer 50, belleville washer 58, stack-up 66, spacer washer 80, and top spring cover plate 86. All other components are disposed within an inner boundary 96 defined by the circumferentially spaced upstanding tabs 28.
For example, the bottom spring cover plate 40 is positioned in the separator shroud 22 such that the circumferentially spaced spring tabs 46 are positioned in the spaced notches 30 defined by the circumferentially spaced standing tabs 28. The circumferentially spaced apart upstanding tabs 28 are positioned in spaced apart notches 48. The width of the spaced apart notches 48 is such that contact occurs at the lower contact portion 34 of the upstanding body 32.
In another example, a friction washer 50 is disposed within the separator shroud 22. The friction washer 50 contacts the plate body 42 of the bottom spring cover plate 40 on the lower surface 54 to provide a controlled friction surface, as will be discussed in more detail below. Belleville washers 58 are disposed within the separator shroud 22 and contact the upper surface 52 of the friction washer 50, thereby applying an axial load that presses the friction washer against the plate 42. Friction washer 50 is rotationally coupled to hub 100 by teeth 56. Belleville washer 58 is rotationally coupled to hub 100 by teeth 56.
In yet another example, the stack 66 is positioned in the separator shroud 22 such that the circumferentially spaced helical spring tabs 72 are positioned in the spaced notches 30 defined by the circumferentially spaced upstanding tabs 28. The circumferentially spaced apart upstanding tabs 28 are positioned in spaced apart notches 48. Stack 66 is rotatably coupled to hub 100 by teeth 56.
In other examples, the spacer washer 80 is positioned in the separator shroud 22 such that the lower surface 84 contacts the pack body 68. The upper surface of the spacer washer contacts the top plate body 88 of the top spring cover plate 86.
In one example, the top spring cover plate 86 is positioned in the separator shroud 22 such that the circumferentially spaced spring tabs 92 are positioned in the spaced notches 30 defined by the circumferentially spaced standing tabs 28. The circumferentially spaced apart upstanding tabs 28 are positioned in the spaced apart notches 94. The width of the spaced apart notches 94 is such that contact occurs at the upper contact portion 36 of the upstanding body 32.
According to various examples, referring to fig. 10-12, pre-damper assembly 20 is connected to main damper assembly 102. The primary damper protrusion 38 is positioned in a recess 103 formed in the driven disk 104.
In operation, for example, the bottom spring cover 40 and the top spring cover 86 transfer torque from the separator shroud 22 to the coil springs 76 and vice versa. The bottom spring cover plate 40 also acts as a friction interface for hysteresis of the pre-damper assembly by providing a controlled friction surface for the friction washer 50. The coil springs 76 transfer torque from the bottom spring cover plate 40 and the top spring cover plate 86 to the stack plate 66 and vice versa and are responsible for filtering out vibrations from the engine by reducing the torsional stiffness of the system and pushing resonance out of the engine idle range.
In other examples, the stack 66 transfers torque from the coil spring 76 to the hub 100 and vice versa. The hub 100 is attached to an input shaft of the transmission.
In one example, the hysteresis function of pre-damper assembly 20 is provided by toothed belleville washers 58, friction washers 50, and spacer washers 80. For example, belleville washers 58 provide the axial load required to press friction washer 50 against bottom spring cover plate 40, thereby providing a controlled friction surface. Belleville washers 58 also press spacer washer 80 against stack plate 66 and top spring cover plate 86.
In yet another example, friction washer 50 is pressed to bottom spring cover plate 40 and has relative movement with the bottom spring cover plate due to the splined interface with hub 100. During the pre-damper stage, friction washers 50 hold friction against bottom spring cover 40, creating a pre-damper hysteresis. Belleville washer 58 also has a splined interface against hub 100 to prevent relative movement between it and friction washer 50 and stack 66.
Claims (21)
1. A pre-damper apparatus comprising:
a separator shroud;
a first spring cover plate received in the separator shroud;
a friction washer received in the separator shroud, the first spring cover plate being located between the separator shroud and the friction washer;
a belleville washer received in the separator shroud, the first spring cover plate and the friction washer being located between the separator shroud and the belleville washer;
a stack of plates received in the separator shroud, the belleville washers being located between the stack of plates and the separator shroud;
a spacer washer received in the separator shroud, the stack being located between the spacer washer and the separator shroud; and
and the friction washer, the Belleville washer, the lamination plate and the spacing washer are positioned between the first spring cover plate and the second spring cover plate.
2. The predamper device of claim 1, wherein said stack comprises one or more coil springs.
3. The predamper device of claim 1, wherein:
the first spring cover plate is a bottom spring cover plate; and
the second spring cover plate is a top spring cover plate.
4. A pre-damper device according to claim 3, wherein the separator shroud comprises a planar body portion having a first central aperture formed therein.
5. The predamper device of claim 4, wherein the planar body portion of the separator shroud comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced upstanding projections.
6. The predamper device of claim 5, wherein the plurality of circumferentially spaced upstanding projections define first spaced notches.
7. The predamper device of claim 5, wherein at least one of the plurality of circumferentially spaced apart upstanding projections comprises a lower contact portion, an upper contact portion, and a main snubber projection.
8. The predamper device of claim 6, wherein the first spring cover plate comprises a plate body having a second central aperture formed therein.
9. The predamper device of claim 8, further comprising a first plurality of circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs extending radially from the plate body.
10. The predamper device of claim 9, wherein the first plurality of circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs define a second plurality of spaced apart notches.
11. The predamper device of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the friction washer comprises a plurality of teeth formed thereon.
12. The predamper device of claim 10, wherein:
the stack comprises a stack body having a third central aperture formed therein;
a plurality of circumferentially spaced helical spring tabs extending radially from the pack body; and
the circumferentially spaced helical spring tabs define third spaced notches.
13. The predamper device of claim 12, wherein:
the circumferentially spaced helical spring tabs include a plurality of spring apertures; and
the inner diameter of the stack comprises teeth formed thereon.
14. The predamper device of claim 12, wherein:
the second spring cover plate includes a top plate body having a fourth central aperture formed therein; and
a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart top spring tabs extend radially from the top plate body, the first spaced apart notches being defined by the circumferentially spaced apart top spring tabs.
15. The predamper device of claim 10, wherein:
the bottom spring cover plate is positioned in the separator shroud such that the first circumferentially spaced spring tabs are located in the first spaced notches defined by circumferentially spaced upstanding tabs of the separator shroud;
each of the first circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs includes an upstanding body; and
the first spaced apart notches have a width that allows contact at a lower contact portion of the upstanding body.
16. A pre-damper device according to claim 3, wherein:
the friction washer contacts the plate body of the bottom spring cover plate on its lower surface to provide a controlled friction surface;
the belleville washers contact an upper surface of the friction washer, thereby applying an axial load pressing the friction washer against the plate;
the friction washer is rotationally coupled to the hub by a plurality of teeth; and
the belleville washer is rotationally coupled to the hub by the plurality of teeth.
17. The predamper device of claim 14, wherein:
the spacer washer is positioned in the separator shroud such that a lower surface of the spacer washer contacts the pack body; and
the upper surface of the spacer washer is in contact with the top plate body of the top spring cover plate.
18. The predamper device of claim 6, wherein:
the top spring cover plate is positioned in the separator shroud such that a second circumferentially spaced spring tab is positioned in the first spaced recess defined by the circumferentially spaced upstanding tab;
each of the second circumferentially spaced apart spring tabs includes an upstanding body; and
the first spaced apart notches have a width such that there is contact at an upper contact portion of the upstanding body.
19. A pre-damper device according to claim 3, wherein:
the bottom spring cover plate and the top spring cover plate are configured to transfer torque from the separator shroud to the coil spring and from the coil spring; and
the coil springs transfer torque from the bottom spring cover plate and the top spring cover plate to and from the stack plate.
20. A pre-damper device according to claim 3, wherein the friction washer is pressed to the bottom spring cover plate and has a relative movement with respect to the bottom spring cover plate.
21. A pre-damper assembly comprising:
the predamper device of claim 1; and
a main shock absorber assembly coupled to the pre-shock absorber device;
the primary damper assembly includes a primary damper protrusion disposed within a recess formed in the driven disk.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US202163239057P | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | |
| US63/239,057 | 2021-08-31 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/025405 WO2023030690A1 (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Internal clutch pre-damper with high filtering capacity |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117881908A true CN117881908A (en) | 2024-04-12 |
Family
ID=83280334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280058932.4A Pending CN117881908A (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Internal clutch predamper with high filtering capability |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117881908A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023030690A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19613574C2 (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 2003-08-21 | Zf Sachs Ag | torsional vibration dampers |
| JP5705935B2 (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-04-22 | 株式会社エクセディ | Damper disk assembly |
| US20170152913A1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-01 | Eaton Corporation | Clutch pack with robust hysteresis |
-
2022
- 2022-08-31 WO PCT/EP2022/025405 patent/WO2023030690A1/en unknown
- 2022-08-31 CN CN202280058932.4A patent/CN117881908A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023030690A1 (en) | 2023-03-09 |
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