CN117864596A - Nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants and preparation method of nutrient solution - Google Patents
Nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants and preparation method of nutrient solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN117864596A CN117864596A CN202410163086.3A CN202410163086A CN117864596A CN 117864596 A CN117864596 A CN 117864596A CN 202410163086 A CN202410163086 A CN 202410163086A CN 117864596 A CN117864596 A CN 117864596A
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- package
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- nutrient solution
- soilless culture
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000355 copper sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003284 iron Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008104 plant cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 69
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 37
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000007087 Apium graveolens Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015849 Apium graveolens Dulce Group Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010591 Appio Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012905 Brassica oleracea var viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000064816 Brassica oleracea var. acephala Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000221633 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- ODBQZWHGUDUSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-L C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+].C=C.[Na+].[Na+] Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+].C=C.[Na+].[Na+] ODBQZWHGUDUSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001781 ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants and a preparation method of the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants comprises the following components: the first fertilizer package comprises a first outer package and fertilizer particles A which are packaged in the first outer package and are used for preparing nutrient solution; a second fertilizer package comprising a second outer package and B fertilizer granules enclosed within the second outer package for preparing a nutrient solution; the third fertilizer package body comprises a third external package and C fertilizer particles which are packaged in the third external package and are used for preparing a nutrient solution; the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package are made of water-soluble materials, and the dissolution rates of the outer packages in water are different, so that fertilizer particles in the fertilizer-containing packages are sequentially released in the water in the process of preparing the nutrient solution. The invention can avoid the contact of high-concentration A, B, C liquid fertilizer elements and the generation of precipitation, and can simply and rapidly prepare the nutrient solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants and a preparation method of a nutrient solution, and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture.
Background
Soilless culture is a cultivation technology which adopts mineral water solution (nutrient solution) as a source of essential elements for plant growth, provides necessary environment for plant root growth, can regulate and control the conditions, promotes the plant growth, obtains better yield and quality, and can prevent soil-borne diseases. Soilless culture breaks away from the limit of soil, greatly expands the space of agricultural production, enables crops to be produced on non-cultivated lands, and has been widely applied to open field, greenhouse and plant factory production.
The requirements of different plants on nutrient solutions are different, and the preparation of a proper nutrient solution is a key for ensuring healthy growth of plants. However, the nutrient solution has various element compositions and contains more than 10 major and trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, iron, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, chlorine and the like, and the major and trace elements exist in the form of salt in the nutrient solution, and are formed by mixing different compounds such as potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, disodium ethylene diammonium tetraacetate, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and the like, and the process is complex, so that the operability for common growers is low, and the problems are easy to occur in the raw material selection, dosage calculation and modulation mixing process to influence the plant growth.
In order to realize more convenient blending application in large-scale production, the prior art distinguishes the compounds according to major elements and trace elements, meanwhile, the compound taking calcium salt as a center in the formula is defined as a liquid A formula, the compound taking phosphate as a center is defined as a liquid B formula, ferric salt and trace elements are combined together to be defined as a liquid C formula, each formula is respectively blended and packaged according to a specific proportion by a professional enterprise, a user only needs to mix the packaged fertilizer with water according to a specific proportion, namely A, B, C high-concentration mother liquor is obtained, the pH value is adjusted after the mixture is mixed with water according to a specific proportion, and vegetable cultivation can be carried out, or the fertilizer can be directly mixed with water according to a final dilution proportion to directly obtain nutrient solution (CN 112919956B, CN 112824354B). The product and the using method greatly simplify the preparation process of the nutrient solution, but in the A, B, C nutrient solution mixing process, if the high-concentration solution A and the high-concentration solution B are contacted, precipitation can be generated, the effectiveness and the cultivation effect of the nutrient solution are affected, and therefore, the preparation speed and the concentration are required to be controlled in use.
With the gradual maturity of plant factory technology, related miniaturized products are expanded to various places including families, restaurants, schools and the like, operators do not have professional nutrient solution preparation technology, and a product and a method capable of simply and rapidly preparing suitable nutrient solutions are needed. The prior art mainly researches and develops the concentration control and the application speed of the nutrient solution from the two aspects of nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer preparation (CN 101857514B, CN102674930B, TWI818227B, CN101830761B, CN101857499B, CN 113637301B) and control and application equipment (CN 218218667U, CN 219087802U). However, none of the above patents is improved upon the convenience requirements of the end user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants and a preparation method of the nutrient solution, wherein the solubility of each fertilizer particle in water is controlled, so that each fertilizer is sequentially released, the contact of high-concentration A, B, C liquid fertilizer elements and the generation of precipitation due to chemical reaction are avoided, and the nutrient solution can be simply and rapidly prepared.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants, comprising:
the first fertilizer packaging body comprises a first outer package and fertilizer particles A which are packaged in the first outer package and are used for preparing nutrient solution; and, a step of, in the first embodiment,
a second fertilizer package comprising a second outer package and B fertilizer granules enclosed within the second outer package for preparing a nutrient solution; and, a step of, in the first embodiment,
the third fertilizer package body comprises a third external package and C fertilizer particles which are packaged in the third external package and are used for preparing a nutrient solution;
the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package are made of water-soluble materials, and the dissolution speeds of the outer packages in water are different, so that fertilizer particles in the fertilizer-containing packages are sequentially released in the water in the process of preparing the nutrient solution.
In the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants, the water-soluble material is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, plant cellulose and water-soluble polysaccharide.
In the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer packaging body for plant soilless culture, the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package are respectively packaging bags or capsule shells.
In the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer packaging body for plant soilless culture, two or three of the first fertilizer packaging body, the second fertilizer packaging body and the third fertilizer packaging body are of an integrated structure.
In the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer packaging body for soilless culture of plants, the first fertilizer packaging body, the second fertilizer packaging body and/or the third fertilizer packaging body are/is filled with air.
In the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer packaging body for soilless culture of plants, the thickness of the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package is 20-30 mu m.
In the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants, the fertilizer particles A comprise phosphate;
the B fertilizer particles comprise a calcium salt;
the fertilizer particles C comprise ferric salt and trace elements.
Further, the fertilizer particles A comprise potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and monoammonium phosphate;
the fertilizer particles B comprise calcium nitrate;
the C fertilizer particles include chelated iron, manganese sulfate, boric acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and ammonium molybdate.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a nutrient solution for soilless culture of plants, which comprises the following steps: and (3) simultaneously placing each package body in the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package body for plant soilless culture in a specific volume of water for dissolution to obtain the nutrient solution for plant soilless culture.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants as defined in any one of the above in soilless culture of plants.
In the above application, the plant may be any one of leaf vegetables, fruit vegetables and fruits; the She Caibao comprises any one of lettuce, collard, celery, wuta-tsai and pakchoi; the fruits and vegetables comprise any one of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and eggplants; the fruit includes any one of strawberry and blueberry.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package for plant soilless culture provided by the invention comprises a first fertilizer-containing package body with a content of fertilizer particles A, a second fertilizer-containing package body with a content of fertilizer particles B and a third fertilizer-containing package body with a content of fertilizer particles C, wherein the dissolution rates of the outer packages in water are different from each other, and the nutrient solution is sequentially released by controlling the solubility of the outer packages of the fertilizer particles in water, so that the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package body can prevent high-concentration A, B, C liquid fertilizer elements from contacting and generating chemical reaction to generate precipitation, and is suitable for rapid and simple preparation of nutrient solutions of various plant cultivation devices such as families, schools, restaurants, island reefs, container plant factories and the like, and can be operated without special personnel or special training.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants.
The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:
100-a first fertilizer package; 101-first outer packaging; 102-a fertilizer granules; 200-a second fertilizer package; 201-a second outer package; 202-B fertilizer granules; 300-a third fertilizer package; 301-third outer packaging; 302-C fertilizer granules.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for defining components, and are merely for convenience in distinguishing the components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In describing the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "disposed," "attached," "combined," "unitary structure," and the like should be construed broadly unless otherwise specifically indicated and defined. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants of the present invention comprises a first fertilizer package 100, a second fertilizer package 200 and a third fertilizer package 300, the first fertilizer package 100 comprises a first outer package 101 and a fertilizer particle a 102 encapsulated in the first outer package 101 for preparing nutrient solution, the second fertilizer package 200 comprises a second outer package 201 and a fertilizer particle B202 encapsulated in the second outer package 201 for preparing nutrient solution, the third fertilizer package 300 comprises a third outer package 301 and a fertilizer particle B302 encapsulated in the third outer package 301 for preparing nutrient solution, wherein the first outer package 101, the second outer package 201 and the third outer package 301 are all made of water-soluble materials, and the dissolution rates of the respective outer packages in water are different, so that the fertilizer particles in the respective fertilizer packages are released in sequence in a book during preparation of nutrient solution. When the outer package is made of water-soluble materials, the package body packed with A, B, C fertilizer particles is put into corresponding volume water according to product marks, packages with different solubilities are slowly dissolved in sequence, A, B, C fertilizer particles in the package body are released, and high-concentration A, B, C liquid fertilizer elements do not contact and chemically react to generate precipitation because the dissolution of the package body does not occur simultaneously. In the dissolving process of the package body, stirring the liquid, and obtaining the target nutrient solution after the liquid is completely dissolved.
Aiming at the solubility of fertilizer particles in water, the invention can further adjust the dissolution rate of each package in water by reasonably selecting materials. In the above embodiment, preferably, the water-soluble material is a composite material of one or more of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gelatin, plant cellulose, and water-soluble polysaccharide. Based on the solubility of the water-soluble material in water, the release of each fertilizer particle can be more reasonably controlled. Wherein, the materials of the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing packaging bodies for the soilless culture of plants can be the same or different.
In the above embodiment, for better packaging of the fertilizer granules, the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package are respectively a package bag or a capsule shell.
In the above-described embodiment, the first fertilizer package 100, the second fertilizer package 200, and the third fertilizer package 100 may be packages that are independent from each other, or may be two or three of the first fertilizer package 100, the second fertilizer package 200, and the third fertilizer package 300. The integral structure can conveniently put the whole package body into water for use.
In the above-described embodiment, preferably, the first fertilizer package, the second fertilizer package, and/or the third fertilizer package are filled with air. Specifically, the film bag or capsule cavity with a specific volume can be designed according to the weight of A, B, C fertilizer particles filled in the package, for example, air can be filled in the residual space filled with A, B, C fertilizer particles, or air cavities can be independently arranged in each package, and the buoyancy of the package is adjusted through the filled air so as to enable the package to be in a floating or suspending state in water. When the fertilizer is used, after the package body is dissolved in water, A, B, C fertilizer particles slowly leak out and settle to the bottom of the nutrient solution container, and the fertilizer particles are gradually dissolved in the settling process. The design further improves the dissolution uniformity of fertilizer particles in the container, and greatly reduces the chance of precipitation generated by chemical reaction when the high-concentration A, B, C liquid fertilizer element contacts.
In the above embodiment, the thickness of the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package is preferably 20 to 30 μm to ensure reasonable mechanical strength and dissolution time. Wherein the thickness of the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package may be the same or different. For example, when the materials of the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package are the same, the thickness of the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package can be controlled to be different so as to release the contents successively.
For the present invention, the fertilizer particles a, B and C may be any two or three of the fertilizer particles of the soilless culture plant nutrient solution reacting at a high concentration. Typically, the a fertilizer particles comprise phosphate; b fertilizer particles comprise calcium salts; the fertilizer particles C comprise ferric salt and trace elements. In a further embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer particles a comprise potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; the fertilizer particles B comprise calcium nitrate; the C fertilizer particles include chelated iron, manganese sulfate, boric acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and ammonium molybdate. The composition of the fertilizer particles A, the fertilizer particles B and the fertilizer particles C can be reasonably adjusted according to the types of hydroponic plants, lettuce is taken as an example, and the fertilizer particles A comprise 50 parts of potassium nitrate, 36 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of the plants in parts by weight; the fertilizer particles B comprise 100 parts of calcium nitrate; the C fertilizer granule included 2.5 parts of chelated iron, 0.3 parts of boric acid, 0.2 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.005 parts of copper sulfate, 0.05 parts of zinc sulfate, and 0.002 parts of ammonium molybdate.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the nutrient solution for soilless culture of plants, which comprises the following steps: and (3) simultaneously placing all the packaging bodies in the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer packaging body for plant soilless culture into specific volume of water for dissolution to obtain the nutrient solution for plant soilless culture. Wherein, the specific volume of water can be regulated and controlled within a reasonable range according to the concentration of the nutrient solution. Taking lettuce as an example, putting the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package body for soilless culture of plants into 100L of water; the fertilizer granule A comprises 50g of potassium nitrate, 36g of magnesium sulfate, 10g of monopotassium phosphate and 8g of monoammonium phosphate; the fertilizer granule B comprises 100g of calcium nitrate; the C fertilizer granule included 2.5g of chelated iron, 0.2g of manganese sulfate, 0.3g of boric acid, 0.005g of copper sulfate, 0.05g of zinc sulfate, and 0.002g of ammonium molybdate.
The invention also provides application of the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants in soilless culture of plants. The invention can provide nutrient solution for all proper hydroponic plants including lettuce, collard, celery, wuta-tsai, cabbage and other leaf vegetables, tomato, cucumber, capsicum, eggplant and other fruits, strawberry, blueberry and other fruits.
Taking lettuce as an example, the effect of the prepared mother liquor of the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer-containing package body for soilless culture is verified. The experimental setup was as follows: the design of the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer-containing package for soilless culture of plants is as follows: the first fertilizer-containing package body comprises a first packaging bag and A fertilizer particles packaged in the packaging bag, wherein the thickness of the first fertilizer-containing package body is 20 mu m, the specification of the first fertilizer-containing package body is 200mm by 200mm, and the mass of each component in the A fertilizer particles is as follows: 50g of potassium nitrate; 36g of magnesium sulfate, 10g of monopotassium phosphate and 8g of monoammonium phosphate; the second fertilizer package body comprises a second package bag and B fertilizer particles which are made of PVA materials and have the specification of 200mm by 200mm and the thickness of 30 mu m, wherein the B fertilizer particles are packaged in the package bag, and the mass of each component in the B fertilizer particles is as follows: 100g of calcium nitrate; the third fertilizer package body comprises a third package bag made of PVA material and having a thickness of 50mm and a thickness of 25 mu m, and C fertilizer particles encapsulated in the package bag, wherein the mass of each component in the C fertilizer particles is as follows: 2.5g of chelated iron, 0.3g of boric acid, 0.2g of manganese sulfate, 0.005g of copper sulfate, 0.05g of zinc sulfate and 0.002g of ammonium molybdate; the first, second and third packages are filled with air, and the volumes are 50 ml, 50 ml and 5ml respectively. The above packages were simultaneously put into 100L of water, and as a result, it was found that the first package bag first broken the A fertilizer particles to dissolve in water, then after 5 minutes the third bag broken the C fertilizer particles to dissolve, and after 10 minutes the second bag broken the B fertilizer particles to dissolve, during which no precipitation reaction occurred. The above results illustrate: according to the invention, the water-soluble materials with different solubility are adopted to package fertilizer particles of the nutrient solution for soilless culture respectively, and when the nutrient solution is prepared, the problem that the nutrient solution is invalid due to precipitation generated by chemical reaction caused by contact of high-concentration A, B, C liquid fertilizer elements can be avoided.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a nutrient solution controlled release contains fertile packing body for plant soilless culture which characterized in that includes:
the first fertilizer packaging body comprises a first outer package and fertilizer particles A which are packaged in the first outer package and are used for preparing nutrient solution; and, a step of, in the first embodiment,
a second fertilizer package comprising a second outer package and B fertilizer granules enclosed within the second outer package for preparing a nutrient solution; and, a step of, in the first embodiment,
the third fertilizer package body comprises a third external package and C fertilizer particles which are packaged in the third external package and are used for preparing a nutrient solution;
the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package are made of water-soluble materials, and the dissolution speeds of the outer packages in water are different, so that fertilizer particles in the fertilizer-containing packages are sequentially released in the water in the process of preparing the nutrient solution.
2. The nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants according to claim 1, wherein: the water-soluble material is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, plant cellulose and water-soluble polysaccharide.
3. The nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package are respectively packaging bags or capsule shells.
4. A nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: two or three of the first fertilizer package, the second fertilizer package and the third fertilizer package are of an integrated structure.
5. The nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the first fertilizer package, the second fertilizer package and/or the third fertilizer package are filled with air.
6. The nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the thickness of the first outer package, the second outer package and the third outer package is 20-30 mu m.
7. The nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the fertilizer particles a comprise phosphate;
the B fertilizer particles comprise a calcium salt;
the fertilizer particles C comprise ferric salt and trace elements.
8. The nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants according to claim 7, wherein: the fertilizer particles A comprise potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and monoammonium phosphate;
the fertilizer particles B comprise calcium nitrate;
the C fertilizer particles include chelated iron, manganese sulfate, boric acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and ammonium molybdate.
9. The preparation method of the nutrient solution for soilless culture of plants comprises the following steps:
the nutrient solution for soilless culture of plants is obtained by simultaneously placing each package body in the nutrient solution controlled release fertilizer package body for soilless culture of plants according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in a specific volume of water for dissolution.
10. Use of the nutrient solution controlled-release fertilizer package for soilless culture of plants as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 in soilless culture of plants.
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