CN117858787A - Edge coating of substrates, in particular plate-shaped substrates - Google Patents
Edge coating of substrates, in particular plate-shaped substrates Download PDFInfo
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- CN117858787A CN117858787A CN202280052159.0A CN202280052159A CN117858787A CN 117858787 A CN117858787 A CN 117858787A CN 202280052159 A CN202280052159 A CN 202280052159A CN 117858787 A CN117858787 A CN 117858787A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for edge coating a substrate, in particular a plate-shaped substrate, and a system or apparatus for carrying out the method. The invention also relates to a plate-like substrate obtained according to said method and to the use thereof.
Description
The present invention relates to the technical field of plastics or bonding technology, in particular to the field of edge coating of plate-like (material) substrates, for example in the form of plate-like wooden or furniture parts, in particular kitchen countertops and the like.
In this context, the invention relates in particular to a method for edge coating (synonymously also called narrow side coating or narrow face coating) of a substrate based on thermally bonded (synonymously also called hot melt bonded) thermoplastic strands (strand), in particular a plate-like substrate (synonymously also called material substrate), wherein the method comprises applying a special print to the thermoplastic strands or edge coating. As will be further explained below, in the context of the present invention, the plastic strands may in particular be configured or present as plastic profile strands (synonymously also referred to as plastic profiles) or as plastic films (synonymously also referred to as plastic films).
The invention likewise relates to a system (synonymously also referred to as a device) which is particularly suitable for carrying out the edge coating method according to the invention or is configured for this purpose.
The invention furthermore relates to a plate-like substrate obtainable by the method according to the invention, which has thermoplastic strands applied to or fixed to at least one edge of the substrate, or an edge coating associated therewith, in particular wherein the plastic strands or edge coating have a print. In this case, the invention also relates to a corresponding plate-shaped substrate.
The invention further relates to the use of thermoplastic strands for the configuration of special edge coatings or in the method according to the invention.
In the production or cutting of dimensions of sheet-like materials, in particular for the furniture industry, such as (writing) tables, shelves, decorative elements, (kitchen) countertops, etc., open or unsealed edges often result, on the one hand, in visual unattractive and, on the other hand, in the durability or resistance of the underlying material, for example in the influence of moisture, etc. These edges particularly limit or form the narrow sides or surfaces of the material and are therefore also commonly referred to as, in particular, the narrow sides or sides of the plate-like material.
Under the current state of the art, it is highly desirable to seal or coat edges to increase their optical properties and durability or stress resistance. For this purpose, prefabricated or conventional edge strips are generally used in the prior art, which are applied to the edges, in particular the narrow sides or edges, using an adhesive, wherein the underlying in particular plate-shaped material serves as a substrate or in particular a plate-shaped substrate for the edge strips applied by bonding.
However, known methods for bonding conventional edge strips are generally relatively expensive and are associated with increased material requirements or consumption, wherein, in addition, the optical adaptation or optical compatibility of the edge strip with respect to the appearance of the underlying material (in particular the decor) can sometimes only be achieved to a limited extent or not at all. Furthermore, based on prefabricated edge strips, subsequent optical adaptation is generally not possible or at best can be achieved with great effort.
In the prior art, the prefabricated edge strips are therefore usually typically glued to a plate-shaped substrate, such as chipboard, MDF board or the like, for sealing edges (narrow sides, narrow faces), such as may be used for tables, cabinets, shelves, (kitchen) countertops, decorative elements or the like. In this process, a conventional edge strip (e.g., made of PVC, ABS, PP, PMMA, PET, melamine, wood or aluminum, etc.) is adhered to the narrow side or face of the substrate with an adhesive. Typically, in the prior art, conventional edge strips or edge strips secured using an adhesive are applied to the narrow sides or faces of a plate-like substrate by means of an edge (strip) bonding unit in a so-called feeder (throughfeed machine), such as an edge (strip) processor. In this case, it is generally intended to apply a hot melt adhesive (also referred to as "hot melt adhesive") to the narrow side or face immediately prior to the application of the edge strip.
The application of conventional edge strips in continuous machines, with the use of hot melt adhesive immediately prior to the start-up of the edge strip, is basically a well established process and is also suitable for mass production. However, these methods have some drawbacks. For example, additional adhesive is absolutely necessary and this may also be relatively large, so that the adhesive joint produced between the edge strip and the substrate or carrier material is clearly visible and generally cannot be or cannot be designed satisfactorily from an aesthetic point of view. In addition, when the edge strip is subsequently pressed against the workpiece, the use of a large amount of adhesive sometimes causes the adhesive to ooze out of the glue line, resulting in contamination of the workpiece and the processing machine. To prevent this, the workpiece must be treated with a release agent before the process begins, which is time consuming and expensive.
Furthermore, this method is not very flexible, since it is only economical when large quantities of material coated with edge strips are produced directly, so that, even from this point of view, the personalized design can be realized only to a limited extent. In particular, in this case, an off-the-shelf static mode is applied, and the end customer cannot obtain a personalized design, especially a small lot design.
Because of the drawbacks of this previously described method, alternative methods of applying edge strips to the narrow face of a plate-like workpiece have been sought for some time. Other methods in the prior art attempt to avoid the above-mentioned drawbacks, for example by providing an edge strip pre-coated with adhesive, which allows for flexible application to the narrow face after adhesive application.
Various methods for producing edge strips pre-coated with adhesive are known in the art. While these methods improve upon the previously mentioned drawbacks, and in particular make the process more flexible to operate, they are sometimes unsatisfactory in many respects.
One possibility for producing a pre-coated edge strip is coextrusion. In this process, the thermoplastic edge strip is made of a subsequently activatable plastic or adhesive layer, i.e. the edge strip is produced on the one hand and the addition of plastic or adhesive on the other hand is said to be simultaneous. Using coextrusion, it is also possible to treat high molecular weight polymers, resulting in stable adhesive compounds. However, the coextrusion process requires a high investment in production equipment, since this always has to be adapted individually to the process in question. Thus, this method is economical only for large batches; it is also uneconomical to produce personalized configurations that are not sold in large quantities in this way, in which case there are also only limited predetermined sample alternatives.
Furthermore, this method is sometimes disadvantageous from a technical point of view, since in the coextrusion process the direct compounding of the thermoplastic edge strip and the plastic or adhesive layer has to be carried out without the use of an adhesive. Due to the lack of an adhesion promoting layer, sufficient adhesion can only be achieved between similar or compatible materials.
In general, therefore, only limited material choices or limited material combination choices are available for producing the pre-coated edge strip. However, the stability or quality of the bond is sometimes unsatisfactory. The general disadvantages of the above-described coextrusion process are not overcome either, and, due to the relatively thick adhesive layer which is usually present, a targeted and effective reactivation of the adhesive can only be achieved to a limited extent.
For example, plastic edge strips produced by coextrusion are known from EP1163864A1, DE102006021171A1 and WO2009/026977 A1.
In addition to using coextrusion to produce a coated edge strip, the edge strip can also be coated with hot melt glue or hot melt adhesive in a so-called off-line process. In these methods, the edge strip is first produced and then subsequently coated with a later activatable adhesive, for example by a contract coater or furniture component manufacturer. Such an off-line (offly) process provides some overall flexibility for the edge strip material to be coated, yet allows for small batches or small numbers of finishing operations due to cost-effective process operations. However, this approach also has serious drawbacks: in particular, high molecular weight and low melt index polymers cannot be used because the required high temperatures cannot be reached in off-line operation. Although edge strips can be more cost-effectively coated in such an off-line process, the resulting adhesive bond is generally inferior to edge strips produced using coextrusion in terms of their performance characteristics.
The subsequent melting of the adhesive layer required for attaching the edge strip to the material, whether the edge strip produced by coextrusion or the edge strip after coating, is generally only associated with a weak development of the adhesive or with a poorly controllable energy transfer, and therefore relatively long or unspecified heating. Furthermore, the edge strip itself is often heated, especially because of poor controllability. However, this is detrimental to the quality of the edge strip, as heating the edge strip can cause material damage, which in turn results in the edge strip material being limited to less sensitive materials.
In addition, the above-mentioned latest technologies have other problems: first, furniture manufacturers must always store a sufficient number of edge strips, which can lead to logistical problems. Second, the edge strip cannot be adapted individually to the respective edge structure in terms of its (surface) structure and appearance, since it is a prefabricated material that cannot be easily deformed or optically modified. In this case, in particular, it is also possible that the required number of edge strips is not available in the desired design or, alternatively, that the number of stored specific designs is too large, wherein the specific storage conditions have to be additionally observed in order not to adversely affect the material quality. Thus, the methods used in the prior art sometimes also require very detailed and early planning or logistics by the furniture manufacturer.
In particular, the supply chain must be strictly adhered to in order to prevent delays in the production of the final product. Most importantly, the production of the substrate or material and the provision of the particular edge strip must be precisely coordinated in time and space.
Furthermore, since edge strips are not typically produced by the furniture manufacturer itself, high production and transport costs are incurred. In addition to this, there is also a cost for the internal transport from the storage location to the corresponding edge treatment or banding machine. The excess edge strips or trimmings must then be returned to storage or disposed of, wherein disposal of the trimmings in particular is uneconomical and inefficient.
It is therefore an object of the present invention, within this technical background, to provide a method for edge coating which at least largely avoids or at least alleviates the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
In particular, it is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for edge coating comprising a high degree of flexibility.
In particular, the present invention aims to provide a method by which the resulting seal or edge coating can also be optically configured separately, also with respect to optical compatibility or compatibility with underlying material portions or substrates. In particular, individual adaptations should also be possible within the scope of the process operation itself. In particular, a separate optical configuration or appearance of the edge coating can also be performed. In particular, the method aims at providing a high and individual optical adaptation of the optical design of the coating with respect to the underlying appearance or the appearance of the substrate itself (surface decoration), for example with respect to (kitchen) countertops and the like.
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an economical edge coating process, particularly a process that reduces the amount of raw materials and waste materials required.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for edge coating by which the transportation costs and the storage costs, in particular of intermediate products, can be reduced overall.
In addition, it is also an object of the present invention to provide a corresponding plate-like substrate whose narrow sides or sides are composed of a permanently sealed or (edge) coating comprising a high resistance or stress to mechanical stress or environmental influences (such as moisture, uv-light, etc.).
According to a first aspect of the invention, the object of the invention is solved by a method according to the invention for edge coating (narrow side coating, narrow top coating) of a plate-like substrate (material substrate) according to claim 1. Advantageous configurations of the method according to the invention are furthermore the subject matter of the respective dependent claims.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a further subject matter of the invention is a system (device) according to the invention, in particular for performing the method according to the invention or for performing the method for edge coating according to the independent claim associated therewith. Furthermore, advantageous configurations of the system according to the invention are the subject matter of the respective dependent claims.
Also, according to a third aspect of the invention, a further subject matter of the invention is a plate-like substrate (material substrate) which is particularly configured as a preferred plate-like wooden or furniture part, wherein the plate-like substrate is obtainable or obtained according to the method of the invention, and the plate-like substrate according to the independent claim related thereto, which relates to a plate-like substrate according to the invention. Furthermore, advantageous configurations of the substrate according to the invention are the subject matter of the respective dependent claims.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a further subject matter of the invention is the use of a thermally bonded thermoplastic strand for edge coating of a platy substrate according to the independent claim relating to the use. Advantageous configurations of such a use according to the invention are furthermore the subject matter of the respective dependent claims.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, another subject of the invention is also the further use of a particularly thermally bonded (hot melt) thermoplastic strand for edge coating of a platy substrate according to the independent claim relating to the use. Advantageous configurations of such a use according to the invention are furthermore the subject matter of the respective dependent claims.
It goes without saying that in the following description of the invention, the configurations, embodiments, advantages, examples etc. listed below for only a single aspect of the invention naturally also apply correspondingly to the remaining aspects of the invention, without explicit mention in this respect, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Furthermore, it is understood that in the following numerical values, and ranges, the corresponding numerical values, and ranges are not to be construed in a limiting manner; it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, depending on the particular situation or application, departures from the described range or formulation may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Furthermore, all values or parameters etc. described below can in principle be determined using standardized or explicitly described determination methods or using determination or measurement methods familiar to the person skilled in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, the basic values or parameters are determined under standard conditions (i.e. in particular at a temperature of 20℃and/or a pressure of 1, 013.25hPa or 1.01325 bar).
Furthermore, it should be noted that in the case of all relative or percentage, in particular weight-related quantitative data listed below, these data will be selected or combined by the person skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention in such a way that, if desired, further components or ingredients are included, in particular as defined below, always result in 100% or 100% by weight. However, it is self-evident to the skilled person.
With this proviso, the invention will also be described and explained in more detail below based on the figures or graphic representations representing preferred embodiments or examples.
Thus, according to a first aspect of the invention, the subject of the invention is a method for edge coating (narrow side coating ) of a particular board-shaped substrate (material substrate), preferably board-shaped wood and/or furniture part, in particular for applying an edge coating to at least one edge (narrow side ) of a board-shaped substrate, preferably board-shaped wood and/or furniture part,
wherein the method comprises the following method steps:
(a) Producing thermally bonded (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands (plastic profiles) or plastic films (plastic films), preferably in the form of edge strips, preferably by extrusion;
(b) Applying and/or fixing, preferably adhering and material-bonding and/or permanently fixing, thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, to a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side ) of the plate-shaped substrate, in particular such that an edge coating (narrow side coating ) of the particular plate-shaped substrate and/or a composite of the particular plate-shaped substrate with an edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto is produced,
(c) Printing is carried out on thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, and/or on edge coatings.
Within the scope of the present invention, a method for edge coating is provided which allows a high degree of flexibility in terms of design and production and is generally economically viable. Most importantly, both the amount of raw materials required and the transportation and storage costs are greatly reduced.
In the context of the present invention, the term "narrow side" or "narrow face" or "edge" particularly refers to the front side of a particular plate-shaped substrate or material substrate. For example, reference is made to the use or application state of the end product, such as a kitchen or countertop, which can be said to be the leading edge of the user-facing material substrate.
In the context of the present invention, the term "flat side" or "plane" of a particular plate-like substrate or material substrate particularly refers to the side or surface of the substrate where the area is larger. For example, in the application or use state, this may to some extent be the upper side of the substrate, for example in the case of a countertop or kitchen counter, likewise representing the working area or working side, and may generally comprise a decorative or ornamental coating, which may in principle also be applicable to the bottom side.
The method according to the invention allows a particularly high flexibility and individual adaptability in the design of the edge coating; in particular, it can be said that any design can be printed on the surface of the plastic strands, so that the product manufacturer, for example the furniture manufacturer, is not constrained by the price of the edge band manufacturer. In this case, the printed design or optical configuration may be specified or set in situ or prior to the printing process and in the method itself, wherein further optical adaptation to the underlying substrate may also be achieved.
In the context of the present invention, it is even possible to adapt the design of the narrow side to be printed completely to the design of the panel. For example, in this case, the design of the panel may be optically inspected or scanned, and the printing is fully adapted to the design, thereby producing an overall product of particularly high optically quality.
Furthermore, when using the method according to the invention, the production of the entire product, in particular of a piece of furniture, is not time-limited due to the availability, ordering and delivery of the edge strips.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, a large number of edge coatings of different thickness and width can be produced using the same equipment or system. Furthermore, the material substrate or wood and furniture parts to be coated are substantially free from constraints of a specific size.
In general, the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce substrates or furniture parts of corresponding materials particularly economically. In particular, there is no need to produce conventional edge strips, which also saves a lot of raw materials, such as extrudates etc. for conventional edge strips. In addition, for example, the primer and release agent required to produce conventional edge strips are not required. Furthermore, the method according to the invention at least substantially does not produce scrap which must be disposed of subsequently. In addition, the costs of the earlier production of the edge strips, the transport costs of these edge strips from the respective manufacturer to the manufacturer of the furniture, and the transport costs from warehouse to factory, are reduced. Furthermore, the method according to the invention reduces the storage costs for prefabricated conventional edge strips, which are normally produced in the prior art. In general, the present invention makes a significant economic and ecological contribution by conserving resources.
Within the scope of the method according to the invention, a sheet-like substrate, in particular a sheet-like wooden or furniture part, is thus provided, which is provided with thermoplastic strands, in particular on its narrow sides or faces, in the form of an edge coating based thereon, wherein a special printing is applied on the thermoplastic strands or the edge coating based thereon. In the context of the present invention, this is in particular such that, as will also be pointed out in detail below, the thermoplastic strands with the printed or edge coating associated therewith represent the only or exclusive coating or seal of the narrow side or face of the underlying substrate, and therefore, it can be said that the only coating or delimitation of the narrow side or face of the substrate omits the conventional edge band.
In the material substrate method for coating according to the invention, there is also no joint between the substrate and the outer boundary, since the thermoplastic strands themselves can be said to constitute the only narrow-sided coating or boundary, as a result of the omission of the conventional edge strip. This results in further improvement of material properties in terms of durability and appearance.
The method according to the invention is also characterized by a high degree of modularity of the basic method steps, wherein the order or sequence of the method steps can also be varied or individually adapted to the basic requirements. Furthermore, according to the invention, in particular with regard to the modularity of the method according to the invention, the individual steps can be carried out in mutually combined or independent process operations or process spaces, wherein continuous or discontinuous process operations are also possible in this respect. Also for this reason, the method according to the invention can be tailored with a high degree of variability.
In this context, the following operations may be performed in particular according to the invention:
thus, in one aspect, the method, in particular the overall operation of method steps (a), (b) and (c), may be provided to be performed at least substantially continuously and/or uninterrupted and/or as an at least substantially uninterrupted process operation.
In particular, method steps (a), (b) and (c) are performed spatially and/or temporally consecutively, in particular spatially and temporally consecutively.
In particular, the method steps (a), (b) and (c) may be performed in a combined process operation and/or in a combined process section (system section) or system line and/or in a combined process space (system space), in particular as an inline method or an inline process.
In this case, in particular, as previously described, a continuous or uninterrupted method or process operation may be performed or implemented.
On the other hand, according to the invention, the overall operation of the method, in particular of method steps (a), (b) and (c), may also be carried out discontinuously and/or not without interruption. For example, the interruption of the method, for example the storage or further transport of the coated plate-shaped substrate for the purpose of applying printing, can be performed in particular after the thermoplastic strands have been applied or fixed to the plate-shaped substrate, wherein in this case the method can also be performed in a process section or process space which is separate from one another.
Furthermore, in particular, method steps (a), (b) and (c), in particular method steps (b) and (c), may be performed at least partially spatially separated and/or temporally separated, in particular spatially separated and temporally separated, from each other.
In particular, the method steps (a), (b) and (c), in particular the method steps (b) and (c), are carried out at least partially in a process operation separated from one another and/or in a process space (system space) separated from one another.
In particular, the method according to the invention may also be performed as an off-line method or an off-line process.
For the above description, the method steps may be performed in the order of (a), (b), (c) or (a), (c), (b) (see also the description below). Thus, the overall operation of the method steps described previously may comprise a different sequence with respect to the specific order of method steps (a), (b) and (c), respectively.
In the context of the present invention, it is also possible to show as follows:
in one aspect, method steps (a) and (b) may be performed at least substantially directly in succession and/or at least substantially directly in transition with each other and/or without performing intermediate steps. According to the invention, it can thus be provided in particular that the production on the one hand and the application and/or fixing of the thermoplastic strands on the other hand are directly transferred to each other so as to be performed simultaneously or jointly to some extent, in particular wherein on the other hand the joining means for production and for application or fixing can also be used for this purpose, as described below. In this way, it can be said that the thermoplastic strands can be applied to the substrate or fixed in place immediately after or during the production process.
According to the invention, it can also be provided that method steps (a) and (b) are spatially separated from one another or temporally separated from one another, in particular spatially separated from one another and temporally separated from one another.
In particular, method steps (a) and (b) may be carried out in a process operation and/or a process line (system line) and/or a process space (system space) which are separated from one another.
As described in detail below, the thermoplastic strands may be applied after they have been produced, for example in an intermediate step (a ') carried out between method steps (a) and (b) on a substrate separate and distinct from the workpiece or substrate, then (c), or in an intermediate step (a') between (a) and (c) on a substrate separate and distinct from the workpiece or substrate, then (b), optionally after the produced thermoplastic strands have been stored or transported for further processing, followed by printing and then applying or fixing them on a particular plate-like substrate.
Furthermore, the method according to the invention can also be carried out as follows:
thus, method steps (b) and (c) are performed at least substantially directly in succession and/or at least substantially directly in transition with each other and/or without intermediate steps.
In this regard, the following operations may be performed in particular in a combined process operation and/or in a combined process section or system line and/or in a combined process space (system space).
On the other hand, method steps (b) and (c) may also be carried out which are spatially and/or temporally separated from one another, in particular spatially and temporally separated from one another.
In particular, method steps (b) and (c) can be carried out in a process operation and/or in a process space (system space) which is separate from one another.
Thus, after the thermoplastic strands have been applied and fixed to a particular plate-like substrate, the method can be interrupted, for example for storing or transporting the coated substrate for subsequent printing application in another process operation or a process operation separate therefrom. Alternatively, the thermoplastic strands first produced and applied to the substrate may also be printed and subsequently applied to the substrate or fixed to the substrate, for example in another process chamber or in a separate process operation.
For the above description, the method steps may be performed in the order of (b) and (c) or (c) and (b) (see also the description below).
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method can be performed in the order of method steps (a), (b) and (c). In particular, the method may be performed in the following order: method step (a), then method step (b), then method step (c). Thus, according to the invention, it is provided in particular that method step (a) is performed first, followed by step (b) and then step (c). Particularly good results, in particular in terms of the optical properties of the resulting product, can be obtained by the sequence of process steps described above.
On the other hand, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the method may also be performed in the order of method steps (a), (c) and (b). In this respect, in particular, the method can be carried out in the following order: method step (a) is followed by method step (c) and then method step (b). Thus, according to the invention, method step (a) may be performed first, followed by method step (c) and then followed by method step (b). Thus, according to the invention, in particular, method step (c) may be performed before method step (b) and/or after method step (a).
According to the invention, in particular, the thermoplastic resin strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic resin strands comprises or consists of at least one plastic polymer, in particular an adhesive polymer, preferably a thermally bonded (hot melt) thermoplastic resin polymer, preferably a thermally bonded (hot melt) adhesive polymer. By the special use of such plastic polymers, thermoplastic strands based on the polymers also acquire defined properties during their production and further processing. In particular, the primer material may be converted to a flowable or thermally bonded state by heating, or may consist of it. Thus, on the one hand, a defined production of the plastic strands is ensured, and on the other hand, an optimized application or fixing of the plastic strands on the substrate is ensured, since in this respect optimized material properties are present, which lead to a uniform discharge during production and a firm and permanent fixing to the substrate. For a preferred configuration of the plastic polymer, reference is also made to the following explanation.
In particular, the following should be mentioned for method steps (a) or (b):
according to the invention, in particular in method step (a), the thermoplastic strand or the material of the thermoplastic strand, in particular the plastic polymer, in particular the thermoplastic strand as defined below, is present in a formable and/or flowable and/or thermally bonded state or is converted into this state. In particular, this can be done by heat application (heating), preferably to a temperature above the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the (raw) material for the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer. This also ensures a high degree of uniformity in the shape of the plastic strand during production and further improves the properties of the plastic strand when it is applied or fixed to a substrate or carrier. In particular, the heating may be performed, for example, using an electric heating device or the like.
Furthermore, in particular in method step (a), the production of thermoplastic strands can be carried out or carried out using at least one production device (a). In this respect, the thermoplastic strands can be produced or discharged from the production device (a) at an at least substantially uniform or at least substantially constant speed (production speed), in particular extruded using a nozzle, preferably a slot nozzle.
In general, according to the invention, in particular in process step (a), the production of the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands can be performed using nozzle(s), in particular nozzle extrusion, preferably slot nozzle extrusion. In contrast, according to the invention, in particular in method step (a), the production of the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands can also be carried out by means of rollers and/or roller discharge. According to the invention, in particular in process step (a), the production of the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands can be carried out using nozzle(s), in particular nozzle extrusion, preferably slot nozzle extrusion, or using rollers and/or roller discharge. However, according to the invention, with respect to method step (a), the production is preferably carried out by extrusion, in particular nozzle extrusion, preferably slot nozzle extrusion.
In particular in process step (a), the thermoplastic strands can be produced at a speed (production speed) of 1 to 300m/min, in particular at 10 to 200m/min, preferably 20 to 100m/min. In principle, according to the invention, production speeds of more than 100m/min, for example more than 100m/min to 300m/min, are also possible.
According to the invention, it may be preferred in particular if the thermoplastic strands are arranged or present at least substantially in the form of strands in process step (a) and/or in process step (b), in particular if the longitudinal extent is greater than the vertical extent.
According to an embodiment of the invention, preferably in method step (a) and/or method step (b), the thermoplastic strands, in particular profile plastic strands, are configured and/or present as a three-dimensional structure (constitution, body), in particular as a profile. In particular, the plastic profile strands can be three-dimensional structures (formations, bodies), in particular as profiles. In general, in this case, in particular, the plastic strands configured as plastic profile strands comprise a relatively large thickness, in particular in the sense of a three-dimensional body, or have a greater thickness than the configuration as plastic film. Thus, according to the invention, in particular for plastic profile strands, both the surface and/or side facing the substrate in the attached or secured state and the surface or side facing away from the substrate are configured to be at least substantially flat and/or at least substantially planar (in particular with respect to the attached or extended state of the plastic strands). In principle, however, according to the invention, even if this is less preferred, in particular the surface and/or the side of the plastic profile strand facing away from the substrate in the attached or secured state may comprise curved and/or beaded and/or curved (segments) and/or round (cross-sectional) profiles or shapes in this respect.
However, according to a further embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that in method step (a) and/or in method step (b) the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic film, are arranged and/or present as a two-dimensional and/or quasi-two-dimensional structure (constitution, body), in particular as a film (foil). In general, in this case, in particular, the plastic strands configured as plastic films comprise a relatively small thickness, in particular in a two-dimensional or quasi-two-dimensional configuration, or have a small thickness compared to the configuration as plastic profile strands. Thus, according to the invention, both the surface and/or side facing the substrate in the attached or secured state and the surface and/or side facing away from the substrate are configured to be at least substantially planar and/or at least substantially planar (in particular with respect to the planar extended or stretched state of the plastic strands).
Furthermore, with regard to method step (b), the following can be stated:
thus, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands may be applied or fixed in a formable and/or flowable and/or thermally bonded (hot-melt) state on a specific platy substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the platy substrate, preferably at a temperature above the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the characteristics of the thermoplastic strands, in particular of the plastic polymer.
In this case, cooling is carried out in particular with or after application or fixing to the substrate in order to solidify the plastic strands or to obtain an edge coating.
Furthermore, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands can be applied and/or fixed at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterrupted and/or at least substantially uniformly and/or with a uniform thickness on a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate. In this way a particularly effective and durable seal is achieved, while the lower narrow side or face of the plate-shaped substrate has a good appearance. Furthermore, this reduces the need for post-processing.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (b), at least one edge (narrow side) of the plate-like substrate is coated with thermoplastic strands along its entire height and/or its entire length, preferably at least substantially completely and/or over the entire surface.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (B), the thermoplastic strands are applied or fixed to a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edges of the plate-shaped substrate, in particular by guiding the substrate along and/or through at least one application and/or fixing device (B).
Furthermore, in particular in method step (B), the substrate can be guided along and/or through the application and/or fixing device (B) in a uniform and/or linear and/or unidirectional movement. The application and/or fixing device (B) may in particular be configured as a combined production and application and/or fixing device, in particular wherein the production and/or application and/or fixing of the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands is performed in the combined production and/or application and/or fixing device, in particular wherein the method steps (a) and (B) are performed at least substantially in a direct continuous or joint manner.
In principle, however, it is also possible within the scope of the invention to fix the substrate and guide it along or through the corresponding device, even if this is less preferred in this case.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic strands are shaped (synonymously also referred to as formatted or formatted), in particular further shaped (further formatted or further formatted), in particular during and/or after the application or fixing of the thermoplastic strands, in particular in process step (b).
The term "shaping" (synonymously also referred to as formatting or formatting), as used in the context of the present invention, should be construed very broadly. In particular, shaping refers to the physical form or (further) shaping of the (further) physical construction of the thermoplastic strands or the resulting edge coating. In this case, in particular, the shaping or formatting may be accompanied by (further) mechanical treatment and/or (further) mechanical shaping of the thermoplastic strands, for example (further) setting or standardization with respect to the thickness and/or height (width) and/or (further) surface and/or edge treatment etc. of the thermoplastic strands. In this way, a further optimized physical construction of the thermoplastic strands can be achieved to provide a corresponding edge coating, in particular with further improved sealing properties and optical properties (uniform appearance). In particular, this may further improve the adaptation to the underlying substrate.
In particular, method step (b) of the method according to the invention can be designed as follows:
(b) The thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic profile strands or the plastic film, are applied and/or fixed, preferably applied and material-bonded and/or permanently fixed, on the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, in particular such that in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, an edge coating of the particular plate-shaped substrate is produced and/or an adhesion of the particular plate-shaped substrate to the edge coating applied and/or fixed thereon is produced, in particular wherein the shaping, in particular the further shaping, of the thermoplastic strands takes place and/or is carried out during and/or after the application and/or the fixation.
Thus, according to this aspect, the invention also relates in particular to a method of edge coating a substrate, in particular a board-like substrate, preferably a board-like wood and/or furniture part, in particular to a method of applying an edge coating to at least one edge of a board-like substrate, preferably a board-like wood and/or furniture part.
Wherein the method comprises the following method steps:
(a) Producing thermally bonded (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands (plastic profiles) or plastic films (plastic films), preferably in the form of edge strips, preferably by extrusion;
(b) Applying and/or fixing, preferably applying and material bonding and/or permanently fixing, thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, to a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular to at least one edge of a plate-shaped substrate, in particular such that, in particular, on at least one edge of a plate-shaped substrate, an edge coating of a particular plate-shaped substrate is produced and/or an adhesion of a particular plate-shaped substrate to an edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto is produced, in particular wherein the shaping, in particular further shaping, of the thermoplastic strands takes place and/or is carried out during and/or after the application and/or fixing,
(c) The printing is applied to the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or the plastic film, and/or to the edge coating.
Furthermore, the method step (b) of the method according to the invention can be designed in particular as follows:
(b) Applying and/or fixing, preferably applying and material bonding and/or permanently fixing, thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, on a specific plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, optionally under and/or after the shaping of the thermoplastic strands; in particular such that an edge coating of the particular plate-like substrate is produced and/or an adhesion of the particular plate-like substrate to an edge coating applied and/or fixed and optionally shaped thereon is produced.
Thus, according to this aspect, the invention also relates in particular to a method for edge coating a specific panel-shaped substrate, preferably panel-shaped wood and/or furniture parts, in particular for applying an edge coating to at least one edge of a panel-shaped substrate, preferably panel-shaped wood and/or furniture parts.
Wherein the method comprises the following method steps:
(a) The production of thermally bonded (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands (plastic profiles) or plastic films (plastic films), preferably in the form of edge strips, preferably by extrusion,
(b) Applying and/or fixing, preferably applying and material bonding and/or permanently fixing, thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, on a specific plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, optionally under and/or after the shaping of the thermoplastic strands; in particular such that an edge coating of the particular plate-like substrate is produced and/or an adhesion of the particular plate-like substrate to an edge coating applied and/or fixed and optionally shaped thereon is produced.
(c) The printing is applied to the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or to the plastic film, and/or to the edge coating.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (b), the application and/or fixing on a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edge (narrow side) of the plate-shaped substrate, or (further) the shaping can be effected or carried out by nozzle application, preferably slot-nozzle application, roller application, doctor blade, spraying, calendaring, printing processes, in particular by nozzle application or extrusion and/or roller application, preferably nozzle application, preferably slot-nozzle application.
Thus, in particular, a nozzle application device, in particular a slot nozzle application device, a roller application device, a squeegee application device, a spray application device, a calender application device or a printing device may be used in particular for the above-mentioned apparatus (B).
In this case, the device (B) can also be used for (further) formatting the thermoplastic strands. In this respect, it can be said that the device (B) can be configured to apply and/or fix and/or shape the device. However, in contrast thereto, it is also possible to use a separate shaping device (which may then be arranged in particular downstream of the device (B) and/or downstream of the process direction), in particular with respect to the further shaping of the thermoplastic strands.
As already mentioned, according to the invention, in particular in method step (b), the application or fixing of the thermoplastic strands to a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, and/or the shaping, in particular the further shaping, can be effected directly and/or immediately and/or without performing intermediate steps and/or without intermediate layers, i.e. the plastic strands are applied or fixed or formatted during or immediately after their production. This is related to the advantage that the thermoplastic strands are already in a flowable or thermally bonded state and do not have to be heated again.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular to at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, in particular in the process step (b) without additional adhesive or without an additional adhesive layer. In the context of the present invention, this can be achieved in particular in that the thermoplastic strands or the edge coating associated therewith itself act as an adhesive and thus have both adhesive and sealing properties. According to the invention, the application or fixing of the thermoplastic strands is effected essentially or exclusively by the inherent thermal bonding or inherent hot melt adhesion of the thermoplastic strands or of the materials used for this purpose, wherein furthermore the use of conventional edge strips can be dispensed with.
In this case, according to the invention, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are in particular fixed on a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, preferably entirely due to and/or via the inherent (hot) tackiness of the thermoplastic strands.
In principle, the mechanical pretreatment of the substrate, in particular of the edges of the substrate, can be carried out before application or fixing and/or before the production of the thermoplastic strands, in particular smoothing of the edge surfaces etc. For example, if very smooth edges are present, the edge surfaces may also be purposefully roughened prior to application or fixation.
Furthermore, according to a first embodiment, according to the invention, it is possible, in particular before the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed, to have at least one adhesion promoter (primer) on the plate-like substrate (for example if it is made of plastic), in particular on the edges of the plate-like substrate, and/or to undergo a pretreatment and/or a surface treatment and/or an activation, preferably using corona or plasma treatment. This ensures that the adhesion of the thermoplastic strands at the edges of the substrate is improved. According to this embodiment, in particular, at least the edge of the plate-shaped substrate and/or the plate-shaped substrate itself is formed from or consists of plastic.
On the other hand, according to a further embodiment, in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to a specific platy substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side) of the platy substrate, in particular without using an adhesion promoter for the platy substrate edge and/or without pre-treating the thermoplastic strands, in particular without pre-treating the sides and/or surfaces of the thermoplastic strands to be applied to the substrate, respectively without pre-treating the sides and/or surfaces of the thermoplastic strands to be applied to the substrate, in particular without pre-treating the sides and/or surfaces of the thermoplastic strands to be applied to the substrate. This is accompanied by a corresponding further simplification of the method according to the invention, in particular in the case of particularly effective thermal bonding or thermal bonding materials for thermoplastic strands.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (b), the application and/or the fixing of the thermoplastic strands can be carried out at a speed (application or fixing speed) of from 1m/min to 300m/min, in particular from 10m/min to 200m/min, preferably from 20m/min to 100m/min. In principle, according to the invention, application or fixed speeds of more than 100m/min, for example more than 100m/min to 300m/min, may also be present. For the above-described method step (a), the application or fixing speed may correspond to or be synchronized with the production speed, in particular in the case of production and application or fixing being carried out directly continuously or within a continuous process control framework.
Typically, especially in process step (b), the thermoplastic strands are used in an amount of 50g/m based on dry weight of the thermoplastic strands 2 -1500 g/m 2 In particular in an amount of 100g/m 2 -1200 g/m 2 Preferably in an amount of 150g/m 2 -1000 g/m 2 Preferably in an amount of 200g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 In particular at 250g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 The thermoplastic strands are applied or fixed to a particular platy substrate, in particular on the edges of the platy substrate. With the above amount, a sufficiently thick edge coating can be ensured, while the formed edge coating has high uniformity.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, at a thickness of 0.05mm to 3mm, in particular at a thickness of 0.075mm to 2mm, preferably at a thickness of 0.1mm to 1.5mm, more preferably at a thickness of 0.15mm to 1.25mm, even more preferably at a thickness of 0.175mm to 1mm, most preferably at a thickness of 0.2mm to 0.9mm, even more preferably at a thickness of 0.25mm to 0.8 mm.
In this case, the thermoplastic strands or edge coating may have a thickness of 0.05mm to 3mm, in particular 0.075mm to 2mm, preferably 0.1mm to 1.5mm, preferably 0.15mm to 1.25mm, more preferably 0.175mm to 1mm, most preferably 0.2mm to 0.9mm, even more preferably 0.25mm to 0.8mm. In this respect, according to the invention, in particular in method step (a), thermoplastic strands having the above-mentioned thickness can be produced.
Within the scope of the present invention, in particular in process step (b), in particular, the thermoplastic strands applied and/or immobilized on the particular plate-shaped substrate are converted into a non-flowable or solid (solidified) or at least partially solidified state, in particular by cooling, preferably by cooling to a temperature below the softening range or softening point of the thermoplastic strands or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer. In this way, an edge coating can be obtained or configured, in particular wherein the edge coating is comprised in a non-flowable or solid (solidified) or at least partially cured state. In this way, a permanently durable or seal-resistant edge (narrow side, narrow face) of the substrate can be provided.
Thus, according to the invention, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or fixed on the particular plate-shaped substrate can be cooled, in particular to a temperature below the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer, or the edge coating can be provided and/or obtained in particular in a non-flowable and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially solidified form. For this purpose, cooling devices, such as (cooling) blowers or the like, can be used.
The curing of the applied and/or fixed thermoplastic strands or edge coating may be initiated and/or accelerated after the application and/or fixing, for example by radiation, UV and/or thermal influence. Suitable devices, such as UV lamps, etc., may also be used for this purpose.
According to a first embodiment of the invention, the thermoplastic strands produced in method step (a) are at least substantially immediately adjacent to their production and/or at least substantially immediately adjacent to method step (a), are applied and/or fixed in method step (b) on a specific plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edges (narrow sides) of the plate-shaped substrate. As previously mentioned, method steps (a) and (b) may be combined or performed as a combined method step.
In this case, the application of the thermoplastic strands can in particular be effected in a formable and/or flowable and/or thermally bonded state.
However, according to a further configuration of the method according to the invention as an alternative to the embodiments described above, in particular after method step (a), preferably at least substantially immediately after method step (a) and/or in particular before method step (b) and/or method step (c), at least one intermediate step is performed, in particular at least one intermediate step according to method step (a').
In this case, the method according to the invention may be performed in the order (sequence) of method steps (a), (a'), (b) and (c). However, in contrast, the method according to the invention can also be carried out in this case in the order (sequence) of method steps (a), (a'), (c) and (b). However, it is preferred to perform the method according to the invention in the order (sequence) of method steps (a), (a'), (b) and (c).
In this case, the following operations may be performed for intermediate step or method step (a'):
as an intermediate step, in particular as an intermediate step according to method step (a'), it is thus possible to apply and/or fix thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, on the support, preferably to apply and to detachably and/or intermediately (non-permanently) fix.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic strands produced in process step (a) may therefore not be applied or fixed directly to the substrate or to the edges thereof, but may be applied first to the carrier, so that the application or fixing or printing may then be performed on the substrate, i.e. starting from the thermoplastic strands previously applied to the carrier. The application on the carrier can thus be effected, for example, in discrete process operations or, when the method according to the invention is carried out, in a separate process operation or in a separate process space. The application of thermoplastic strands on the carrier may further achieve a spatial and temporal separation of method steps (a), (b) and (c).
In this case, the thermoplastic strands fixed to the carrier can also be (temporarily) stored or transferred to a further processing area for further processing in the method according to the invention.
The application and/or fixing on the substrate can likewise be effected by nozzle application, preferably slot die application, roller application, doctor blade, spray coating, calendaring, printing processes, in particular by nozzle application or extrusion and/or roller application, preferably slot die application. For this purpose, corresponding application and fixing devices or combined production and application or fixing devices can also be used according to method step (b).
Furthermore, during and/or after the application and/or fixing of the thermoplastic strands on the substrate, the shaping of the thermoplastic strands (also synonymously called formatting or formatting), in particular the further shaping (i.e. starting from the production of the plastic strands) may be achieved or performed by using suitable shaping equipment or means, such as a roll or a doctor blade equipment (doctor blade) or the like.
In general, the thermoplastic strands can be applied or fixed to the support, in particular according to method step (a'), by using the support to move along or through corresponding production or application or fixing means. Furthermore, in particular in method step (a'), the carrier can be guided along or past the respective device with a uniform or linear or unidirectional movement. However, according to the invention it is also possible to fix the carrier and to move the corresponding device along or through the carrier, in particular uniformly or linearly or unidirectionally, in order to apply or fix the thermoplastic strands on the carrier.
For the support provided according to method step (a'), it is generally a planar or two-dimensional material. In particular, the carrier comprises at least one surface or side for receiving the thermoplastic strands.
In general, the carrier may comprise or consist of a carrier material selected from the group consisting of preferably heat resistant paper, preferably heat resistant cardboard, metal, preferably heat resistant plastic, wood and combinations thereof. In this case, the thermoplastic strands applied or fixed and cooled on the support can also be wound, for example, to enable storage or transport.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to the substrate in an amount of 50g/m based on the dry weight of the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands 2 -1500 g/m 2 In particular 100g/m 2 -1200 g/m 2 Preferably150g/m 2 -1000 g/m 2 Preferably 200g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 More preferably 250g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 。
In general, thermoplastic strands having a thickness of from 0.05mm to 3mm, in particular from 0.1mm to 1.75mm, preferably from 0.2mm to 1mm, preferably from 0.3mm to 0.85mm, can be applied and/or fixed on the support, in particular in process step (a').
Furthermore, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands may be applied or fixed to the substrate at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterrupted and/or at least substantially uniform and/or with a uniform thickness.
The thermoplastic strands may be applied and/or fixed to the substrate, in particular along the longitudinal sides of the substrate or the plastic strands, preferably at an edge spacing. In particular, this results in carrier edge regions without thermoplastic strands. This may facilitate the separation of the carrier for subsequent further processing of the thermoplastic strands.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or immobilized on the support can be converted into a non-flowable and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially solidified state, in particular by cooling, preferably by cooling to a temperature below the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or thermoplastic strand material, in particular the plastic polymer.
In this respect, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or fixed to the support can be cooled, in particular to a temperature below the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the (raw) material for the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer. Therefore, a cooling device, such as a (cooling) blower or the like, is used for this purpose.
Within the scope of the present invention, particularly in process step (a'), thermoplastic strands applied and/or fixed to a substrate and converted into and/or present in a non-flowable and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially cured state can then be provided or provided with printing according to process step (c). This can also be achieved in particular before carrying out method step (b) or in particular before application and fixing to the plate-shaped substrate.
In this connection, the process according to the invention can be carried out in particular in the order of process steps (a), (a'), (c) and (b). The printing of the thermoplastic strands according to method step (c) is carried out in particular in the solid or non-thermally bonded (non-hot-melt) state of the thermoplastic strands applied to the substrate.
Thus, according to the invention, the thermoplastic strands that have been printed can be applied and/or fixed on a specific plate-like substrate according to method step (b) to obtain an already preprinted edge coating.
In contrast, however, according to the invention, the thermoplastic strands applied to the substrate according to method step (a'), in particular after storage etc., can be applied and/or fixed to a specific plate-shaped substrate according to method step (b) and subsequently the thermoplastic strands thus applied and/or fixed or the edge coating thus obtained can be printed according to method step (c). Thus, in particular, the method may also be performed in the order of method steps (a), (a'), (b) and (c).
According to the invention, in particular, the thermoplastic strands applied and/or fixed on the substrate are separated from the substrate, in particular in method step (a'), in particular by using heat application (heating), and/or are reconverted into shapable and/or flowable and/or thermally bonded strands, in particular for the subsequent execution of method step (b), in particular using heat application (heating), in particular at a temperature above the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the (raw) material for the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer.
Furthermore, according to method step (b), the thermoplastic strands obtained in method step (a') can subsequently be applied and/or fixed to a specific plate-shaped substrate, in particular to the edges of the plate-shaped substrate, using roll application, doctor blade and/or calendaring, in particular using roll application. As previously mentioned, in this case the thermoplastic strands can be printed using method step (c) before performing method step (b), so that the printed thermoplastic strands can be applied or fixed on a specific plate-like substrate or on its edges. However, in contrast, it is also possible to apply and/or fix the unprinted thermoplastic strands according to method step (b) and then to print the thermoplastic strands applied to the particular plate-shaped substrate or to its edges or to an edge coating associated therewith according to method step (c).
With the method according to the invention, the thermoplastic strands can be further based on or built up on a plurality of layers. In this case, according to the invention, in particular before carrying out method step (c), in particular method steps (a) and (b) or method steps (a) and (a') are repeated or carried out again, so that a multilayer-based multilayer or thermoplastic strand is produced. In this regard, the thermoplastic strands may include or be based on two, three, four or more layers. In particular, the process is such that in method step (b) or (a'), the application and/or fixation on the plate-like substrate or an edge or support thereof is performed to such an extent that at least one thermoplastic strand has been arranged between the substrate or an edge or support thereof and another plastic strand to be applied and/or fixed. In this case, the thermoplastic strands or the layers of the relevant material can be mutually transitional or can be said to merge into one another (in particular so that, despite the plurality of coatings, a uniform plastic strand or a uniform edge coating can be said to result).
According to the invention, in particular according to method step (b), several layers, in particular at least two, three, four or more layers of thermoplastic or thermally adhesive material, can be applied in succession on a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edges of the plate-shaped substrate, to configure thermoplastic strands, or according to method step (a ') and/or fixed on the substrate, it can be said that the layers are arranged or applied in layers, in particular by repeatedly performing method steps (a) and (b) on the one hand, or by repeatedly performing method steps (a) and (a') on the other hand, in particular subsequently performing method step (b).
By repeatedly transferring the substrate on a corresponding production or application or fixture, a multilayer-based structure can be obtained.
With the method according to the invention, it is furthermore possible, in particular in method step (b) and/or method step (a'), preferably in method step (b), to achieve and/or perform a surface treatment, in particular a surface smoothing and/or a surface homogenization, of the plastic strands and/or of the edge coating, in particular in the non-flowable and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially cured state, preferably the side and/or the surface and/or the edge region of the thermoplastic strands and/or of the edge coating facing away from the substrate and/or the support.
In this case, the surface treatment, in particular the surface smoothing, may be performed in a non-limiting manner, for example using milling, grinding, preferably calibrated grinding, cutting, smoothing and/or polishing. Furthermore, the surface treatment should be performed before performing method step (c). For example, the surface treatment or smoothing may be performed using a smoothing and/or grinding roller or the like. If desired, the surface treatment, in particular surface smoothing, may be repeated until the desired surface properties or smoothness are achieved. According to the invention, it is also possible to perform a treatment on at least one edge and/or edge coating of the plastic strand, for example in the form of edge smoothing and/or edge rounding. The edge processing may be performed before or after performing method step (c), preferably before performing method step (c). In particular, surface or edge treatments can be carried out on cooled or on non-flowing or solid (solidified) or at least partially solidified thermoplastic strands or related edge coatings.
Furthermore, for method step (c), the following may also be defined in particular:
thus, according to the invention, in particular in method step (c), the application of the printing can be effected or carried out on the side of the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating facing away from the plate-like substrate or in particular the support.
The printing according to method step (c) is performed in particular in the solid (solidified) and/or non-thermally bonded and/or at least partially cured state of the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating. Thus, during printing, the thermoplastic strands or edge coating are present in a solid (solidified) and/or non-thermally bonded and/or at least partially cured state.
In particular, in method step (C), the application of printing may be performed using at least one printing and/or ink application device (C). In this case, the substrate with thermoplastic strands and/or edge coating may preferably be guided along and/or past the printing and/or ink application device (C) in a uniform and/or linear and/or unidirectional movement. The printing and/or ink application device (C) may comprise at least one printing and/or ink application apparatus, in particular a plurality of printing and/or ink application apparatuses. In this regard, where a multicolor system is used, separate printing or application devices may be used to apply separate or individual colors.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (c), the application of the printing can be performed in dot-like form and/or in web-like form.
For the method of the invention, in particular in method step (c), the application of the printing may be performed using inkjet printing or laser printing, in particular inkjet printing. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the printing in method step (c) is thus performed using inkjet printing.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (c), the application of the printing is performed without using a static or unchangeable printing form.
According to the invention, by using inkjet or laser printing techniques, preferably inkjet printing techniques, a plurality of different (printed) patterns can be realized within the framework of dynamic printed image generation, which can also be highly adapted (e.g. decorative design of the flat side of the substrate) and can also be personalized in this respect.
According to the invention, the application of the printing is performed in particular by using at least one printing ink, which is preferably applied using inkjet printing and/or laser printing, in particular inkjet printing. According to the invention, in particular UV-curable or UV-dried printing inks are used. This ensures durability and print resistance. Furthermore, the thickness of the lower layer may be set for printing. These colors also include high adhesion on the substrate in the form of thermoplastic strands or edge coatings. In the context of the printing technique used, preferably in the form of inkjet printing, the above-mentioned colours also ensure a high degree of individuality and adaptability of the printed image or pattern applied.
According to the invention, in this case, the printing ink is dried and/or UV-cured (UV-dried), in particular using at least one drying or UV-curing device, in particular after its application and/or application on the thermoplastic strands or edge coating.
According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous if printing is performed using a so-called multicolor system. According to the invention, in particular in method step (c), the application of printing can thus be performed by multicolor printing or by using a plurality of printing inks, which are different from each other in particular in color, in particular as defined above.
According to the invention, the printing ink is applied or arranged in the form of dots or a web on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular. In terms of the resulting print coloration or color mixing, this can be achieved, in particular, by superposition and/or juxtaposition of the printing inks. In this way, a large number of colors can be reproduced, making the printed pattern highly personalized and the printing costs relatively low.
According to the invention, the respective printing inks can in particular be applied continuously or one after the other on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular wherein the coloration (color mixing) is produced by superimposing and/or juxtaposing the printing inks on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating.
According to the invention, the respective printing ink is dried or UV-cured (UV-dried), in particular immediately after its application or before the printing ink to be applied and/or subsequently applied. In this regard, a corresponding drying device or device may be used, which may be connected downstream of the corresponding printing or ink application device, as shown below.
According to a method embodiment of the invention, in particular in method step (C), the application of printing is performed using, in particular, a (print) subtractive color system, in particular a CMYK (print) color system (wherein C represents cyan, M represents magenta, Y represents yellow (yellow) and K represents (black). Thus, the CMYK color system that can preferably be used according to the invention is based on four components that can be used as image forming components or for configuring the respective colors.
Within the scope of the invention, it is possible in particular to carry out, in particular in method step (c), before the application of the printing ink, in particular on the side facing away from the substrate, the thermoplastic strands or edge coating first having a primer and/or a base layer, in particular based on and/or using at least one (top) ink. In this case, the primer and/or basecoat should be applied at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterrupted over the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating. In this case, the (top) coating color may be applied in particular using color inkjet printing (inkjet printing) and/or laser printing, in particular using color inkjet printing (inkjet printing). Thus, the application or inking may be performed in particular using inkjet printing. In addition, the (overlay) ink may also be configured for UV curing or UV drying. As far as the (overlay) ink is concerned, it may in particular be dried first and/or UV-cured or UV-dried substantially immediately after its application or before the application of the printing ink to be applied and/or subsequently applied.
In principle, the (overlay) ink may be the same type of color as the printing ink used according to the invention. In principle, spraying of (overlay) inks and the like are also conceivable.
In particular, a white (top) overlay ink is used as the overlay ink.
The primer or primer layer using the (top) ink is used in particular for the primer material in the form of an optically flat thermoplastic strand or a related edge coating, which thus also improves the overall optical quality of the printing. In addition, the adhesive force of the printing ink can be improved. With regard to the multicolor printing technique preferably employed according to the invention and the printing inks or color systems used in this connection, reference can also be further made to ISO 2846-1:2017.
furthermore, according to the invention, it is also possible, in particular in method step (c), for the thermoplastic strands or edge coating to have a preferably transparent and/or translucent seal or sealing layer after the application of the printing ink, preferably after the application (covering) of the ink and the printing ink, in particular on the side facing away from the substrate; alternatively, in particular as the last layer, a respective facing or sealing layer is applied on the thermoplastic strands or edge coating. In this case, in particular, at least one (transparent) coating may be used.
In this case, the (transparent) lacquer may be applied at least substantially over the entire surface or at least substantially uninterruptedly over the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating.
Furthermore, in this case the (transparent) lacquer may be dried and/or UV-cured or UV-dried, in particular immediately after its application.
The (transparent) lacquer may also be applied likewise in particular by inkjet printing or laser printing, preferably by inkjet printing. In principle, spraying or the like is also possible, even if this is not preferred.
According to the invention, the finishing layer or sealing layer can be essentially configured as matt or glossy and/or structured, wherein the properties in this respect can be controlled, for example, by UV action, in particular during drying. The facing layer or sealing layer may also be configured in a structured manner according to the present invention. In this case, in particular, a structured (transparent) coating may be performed, for example, using a method of intermittent (transparent) coating application or the like. In this case, the (transparent) coating applied in each case may be dried and/or UV-cured or UV-dried, in particular immediately after the respective application. According to the invention, the (transparent) coating may be dried and/or UV-cured (UV-dried), in particular immediately after its application, as described previously.
The finishing layer or sealing layer is used in particular for further sealing and protecting the underlying arrangement of printing, wherein the optical properties can also be influenced accordingly. Furthermore, the finishing layer or sealing layer can also be used in particular for coating or sealing the narrow sides of a substrate or edge areas of the narrow sides or the transition areas between the narrow sides and the flat sides of the substrate with the applied coating. The finishing layer or sealing layer or (transparent) coating for this purpose can likewise be applied according to a specific printing or ink application device, wherein a drying device, in particular a UV drying device, can be connected downstream thereof.
According to the invention, in particular in method step (c), the application of the printing can be performed at least substantially along the entire length of the thermoplastic strand or edge coating and/or at least substantially on the plastic strand and/or edge coating.
Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in particular in method step (c), the application of the printing may be controlled and/or performed electronically or in a computer-based manner, in particular computer-controlled, preferably using digital printing (synonymously also referred to as digital printing or direct digital printing or computer printing). In this respect, the printed image to be created during printing may be configured electronically, in particular file-based or data flow-based. Thus, the printed image or pattern to be created on the plastic strand or edge coating can be transmitted from the electronic file or data stream of the computer on the corresponding printing device. On this basis, the individual configuration or adaptation of the printed image to be created may also be based on or starting from an individual electronic printed image process or the like.
Hereinafter, a substrate that can be used within the scope of the method according to the invention, and further process aspects concerning this, will be described in detail:
according to the invention, wood substitutes, plastics, glass or metal, preferably wood or wood substitutes, can be used in particular as platy substrates. In particular, a plastic-based wood substitute material or the like may also be used as the plate-like base material. In this connection, corresponding material combinations, such as wood/plastic combinations, etc., can also be used. In the context of the present invention, the term wood substitute material is understood in particular to mean wood fibre material. Typically, the wood fiber material is a material containing wood fibers as a component, such as a particle board, an MDF board (medium density fiberboard), an OSB board (oriented strand board), or a WPC board (wood-plastic composite board). As mentioned previously, wood substitute materials based on plastics can also be used in particular as platy substrates. According to the present invention, a lightweight board or the like can also be used as a specific plate-like base material.
Furthermore, in the case of a plate-shaped substrate, according to the invention, a coating, in particular a film coating and/or a decorative coating, in particular a plastic-based coating, can be provided on at least one of its flat sides. According to the invention, this is achieved in particular in that the coating is applied and/or fixed to the substrate already before carrying out method steps (a) and/or (b).
In general, the height of the edges (narrow sides, narrow faces) of a particular plate-like substrate is from 1mm to 200mm, in particular from 5mm to 150mm, preferably from 10mm to 100mm, preferably from 15mm to 50mm. Typically, the edge height corresponds to or is dependent upon the thickness or plate thickness of the underlying plate-like substrate. Furthermore, the length of the plate-like substrate is, in particular, from 1cm to 2500cm, in particular from 10cm to 1000cm, preferably from 30cm to 900cm, preferably from 50cm to 800cm.
In particular, thermoplastic strands, in particular profile plastic strands or plastic films, can according to this comprise a height (width) and/or a length. According to the invention, the thermoplastic strands, in particular profiled plastic strands or plastic films, have a height of 1mm to 200mm, in particular 5mm to 150mm, preferably 10mm to 100mm, preferably 15mm to 50mm. Furthermore, the thermoplastic strands, in particular profiled plastic strands or plastic films, have a length of from 1cm to 2500cm, in particular from 10cm to 1000cm, preferably from 30cm to 900cm, preferably from 50cm to 800cm.
In this case, the following operations can be carried out in particular according to the invention with regard to the printing provided according to method step (c): firstly, the dimensions, in particular the length and/or the height, of the edges (narrow sides ) of a particular plate-shaped substrate, preferably a plate-shaped substrate and/or a carrier, to be provided with an edge coating and/or printing can be recorded, in particular electronically and/or in a computer-based manner, and subsequently thermoplastic strands are produced, in particular according to method step (a), and/or thermoplastic strands are applied and/or immobilized, in particular according to method step (b) and/or according to method step (a'), and/or printing is applied, adapted to a determined dimension or value, in particular independently of one another, and/or controlled as a function of a determined dimension or value, in particular independently of one another, preferably electronically and/or computer-based.
According to the invention, first, in particular before the application of the printing and/or before the method step (c), preferably at the beginning of the method, the optical formation, in particular the decoration, of the particular plate-shaped substrate is detected and/or analyzed, preferably the flat side of the particular plate-shaped substrate is performed, in particular electronically, and then, in particular in method step (c), the printing is configured as a function of the optical formation, in particular the decoration configuration, and/or is adapted thereto. In particular, this can also be performed in a computer-controlled manner within the scope of an automated process operation or a related process. In the context of the present invention, the design applied on the thermoplastic strands or the narrow side edge coating can be precisely adapted to the underlying platy substrate design, in particular on the flat side, in particular in terms of position or point accuracy. This results in an optically particularly high-yield monolithic product. In particular, the design of the underlying substrate can be scanned and the printing is precisely adapted thereto, in particular using electronic data acquisition, processing and transmission, in particular in the form of printed documents or associated data streams for controlling the printing or ink application device (C).
In this way, for example, a high optical uniformity or compatibility of the edge coating with the flat side or plane of the substrate can be obtained.
In general, in method step (c), the application of the printing may be carried out at a speed of from 1m/min to 300m/min (printing speed), in particular from 10m/min to 200m/min, preferably from 20m/min to 100m/min. In principle, according to the invention, the printing speed can also be greater than 100m/min, for example between 100m/min and 300m/min. Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the invention, the printing speed is in particular 75m/min to 150m/min. In particular, the printing speed can also be synchronized or adapted to the aforementioned production speed and/or application or fixing speed, in particular in the case of continuous process operations or in the case of process operations carried out in a joint process section or system line or joint process space. In particular, the printing speed may correspond to the generation speed and/or the application or fixing speed.
Within the scope of the present invention, in particular, the edge coating of the particular plate-shaped substrate may be formed entirely of thermoplastic strands or be applied and/or fixed to the particular plate-shaped substrate without further edge coating, in particular without further edge strips, in particular without conventional edge strips, preferably without edge strips applied and/or fixed with an adhesive, in addition to thermoplastic strands.
In particular, according to the invention, the substrate obtainable and/or obtained according to the method, in particular at the edges thereof coated according to the method, may not comprise a further edge coating, in particular not comprise a further edge strip, in particular not comprise a conventional edge strip, preferably not comprise an edge strip to be applied and/or secured by means of an adhesive, in addition to the thermoplastic strands. According to the invention, the substrate coated according to the invention therefore does not comprise in particular an edge strip to be applied and/or fixed by means of an adhesive, for example based on PVC, ABS, PP, PMMA, PET, melamine, wood or aluminum.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic strands or edge coating applied to the substrate or to the edges thereof thus itself serves as an edge strip without further, in particular conventional edge strips.
In the following, in addition to the above-described configuration, a review will now be made of thermoplastic strands or materials of thermoplastic strands, in particular with respect to plastic polymers that may be used in this respect:
according to the invention, in particular, the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands comprise or consist of at least one plastic polymer, in particular an adhesive polymer, preferably a thermally adhesive (hot melt) thermoplastic polymer, preferably a thermally adhesive (hot melt) adhesive polymer.
In this case, the plastic polymer may be selected from non-reactive and reactive systems, in particular non-reactive and reactive binders.
Further, in this case, the plastic polymer may be selected from homopolymers and copolymers, and mixtures and combinations thereof.
Further, in this case, the plastic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyamide, polyacrylate, polyester, in particular polylactic acid, polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylate copolymer, and mixtures and combinations thereof.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the plastic polymer may comprise or consist of a hot melt adhesive (hot melt adhesive polymer), in particular a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive.
According to the invention, in particular, the plastic strand or the material of the plastic strand may comprise or consist of at least one hot melt adhesive (hot melt adhesive polymer), in particular a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive, preferably a reactive or non-reactive hot melt adhesive. In this case, the hot melt adhesive may be a thermoplastic and/or one-component or two-component hot melt adhesive. For example, the hot melt adhesive may be a reactive one-component or a reactive two-component hot melt adhesive, in particular a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive.
In particular, according to the invention, the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands comprise a plastic polymer, in particular an adhesive polymer, preferably a thermally bonded (hot melt) thermoplastic polymer, preferably a thermally bonded (hot melt) adhesive polymer, in an amount of 1% to 100% by weight, in particular 5% to 100% by weight, preferably 7.5% to 100% by weight, more preferably 10% to 100% by weight.
In this case, the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands may comprise a hot melt adhesive, in particular a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive, in an amount of 1% by weight to 100% by weight, in particular 5% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably 7.5% by weight to 100% by weight, particularly preferably 10% by weight to 100% by weight, based on the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the hot melt adhesive may be a reactive hot melt adhesive. In this case, the reactive hotmelt adhesive may equally be a moisture-crosslinking, heat-crosslinking and/or radiation-crosslinking hotmelt adhesive, in particular a moisture-crosslinking hotmelt adhesive, according to the invention.
In particular, the reactive hot melt adhesive may comprise chemically reactive groups, in particular wherein the chemically reactive groups are selected from isocyanate groups, silane groups, epoxy groups, polyurethane groups and reactive double or multiple bonds (in particular c—c double or multiple bonds) and combinations thereof, preferably isocyanate groups and silane groups, and/or in particular wherein the chemically reactive groups are terminal groups.
According to the invention, the reactive hot melt adhesive may be selected from (i) reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking Polyurethanes (PURs), preferably isocyanate-functional and/or isocyanate-containing polyurethanes, preferably isocyanate-terminated polyurethanes; (ii) Reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking, polyolefins (POR), preferably silane-functionalized and/or silane-containing polyolefins, preferably silane-grafted polyolefins; (iii) Reactive, in particular radiation-crosslinking, preferably UV-crosslinking, of poly (meth) acrylates, preferably urethane-functional and/or urethane-functional poly (meth) acrylates; and combinations thereof, in particular preferably selected from (i) reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking Polyurethanes (PURs), preferably isocyanate-functional and/or isocyanate-containing polyurethanes, preferably isocyanate-terminated polyurethanes, and combinations thereof.
Furthermore, the hot melt adhesive may be a non-reactive hot melt adhesive, in particular a thermoplastic non-reactive hot melt adhesive.
In this case, the non-reactive hot melt adhesive may be selected from: (i) ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA polymer); (ii) a (meth-) acrylate; (iii) Polyolefins (PO), in particular Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and random polyolefin (APAO); (iv) Polyurethane (PU); (v) a Polyamide (PA); (vi) Polyester (PES); (vii) ethylene acrylate; and combinations thereof, more preferably selected from (i) ethylene acetate (EVA polymer); (ii) a (meth) acrylate; (iii) a Polyolefin (PO); and combinations thereof.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands may also contain at least one further component, preferably selected from antioxidants, catalysts, resins, waxes, fillers, wetting agents, rheology modifiers, stabilizers, flame retardants, dyes, lubricants, plasticizers and mixtures thereof. In this way, the properties of the thermoplastic strands can be further set or tailored, for example with respect to their rheology or their properties in the solid or cured state, etc.
According to the invention, in principle and according to the first embodiment, the thermoplastic strand and/or the material of the thermoplastic strand comprises at least one inorganic and/or organic filler. In this respect, the filler may be selected, for example, from inorganic oxides, silicates, carbonates, sulphates, hydroxides and mixtures and combinations thereof, preferably from alumina, silica, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides, titanium oxides, iron oxides and mixtures and combinations thereof. Furthermore, the thermoplastic strands or the material of the thermoplastic strands may contain fillers of at most 20% by weight, in particular at most 10% by weight, preferably at most 5% by weight, even more preferably at most 2% by weight, very preferably at most 1% by weight, based on the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands.
In general, the filler may comprise an average particle size, in particular an average particle size, preferably an average particle size D50 of 3 μm to 20. Mu.m, preferably 3.5 μm to 15. Mu.m, more preferably 4 μm to 10. Mu.m, most preferably 5 μm to 10. Mu.m. In this connection, methods for determining the particle size known per se to the skilled person, such as methods based on light scattering or laser diffraction, X-ray diffraction or microscopy, etc., or determination methods may be used.
However, according to a further more preferred embodiment of the invention, the thermoplastic strands or the material of the thermoplastic strands may be at least substantially free of filler, in particular at least substantially free of inorganic filler, and/or wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands are free of filler, in particular free of inorganic filler.
In particular, the present invention successfully avoids the use of fillers on thermoplastic strands and/or the materials on which they are based. This also results in process-specific advantages, for example, with regard to preventing clogging of nozzle equipment or the like used during production or application or fixing. Furthermore, the elimination of fillers is also associated with an improvement in the overall properties of the material.
In general, the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer and/or the hot melt adhesive, have at least one of the following properties:
The process temperature is 60-300 ℃, especially 70-280 ℃, preferably 80-250 ℃; and/or
The softening range and/or softening temperature is from 30 ℃ to 200 ℃, in particular from 40 ℃ to 180 ℃, preferably from 50 ℃ to 150 ℃, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 306:2014 (wherein the determination may also optionally be made using a Kofler heating station).
(softening temperature defines in particular the temperature at which the thermoplastic material can be permanently deformed, wherein in this respect there can also be a corresponding softening range);
and/or
Shore a, in particular shore a, is determined in particular at 20 ℃ from 20 to 100, in particular from 25 to 95, preferably from 30 to 90, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 868:2003 determination.
In order to measure the Shore hardness, in particular the Shore A hardness, it is particularly possible to press a 1Kg test weight onto the material for 15 seconds, wherein the test weight comprises a flat head with a diameter of 0.79mm and an opening angle of 35 °, the penetration depth is measured at a Shore hardness of 0 to 100, wherein a penetration depth of 2.5mm corresponds to a Shore value of 0 and a penetration depth of 0mm corresponds to a Shore value of 100, the Shore hardness particularly referring to the solid or at least partially cured state of the thermoplastic strand or of the edge coating produced therefrom, in particular the indentation hardness can be determined by a durometer;
And/or
The glass transition temperature Tg is from-50℃to 0℃and in particular from-40℃to-5℃and preferably from-25℃to-10℃and in particular according to DIN EN ISO 11357-2: 2020.
(glass transition temperature can be measured particularly using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), wherein DSC is a thermal analysis in which the difference in heat required for a sample and reference to rise in temperature is measured as a function of temperature);
and/or
Melt flow index of 1g/10min to 200g/10min, in particular 5g/10min to 150g/10min, preferably 10g/10min to 100g/10min, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2012, determining;
(melt flow index characterizes the flow behavior of a thermoplastic under specific pressure and temperature conditions, where the melt mass flow rate and melt volume flow rate can be determined in this case; melt flow index is a measure of the corresponding melt viscosity, in particular measured using a capillary rheometer; melting a material in a cylinder and forcing it through a defined capillary (nozzle) at a defined temperature and at a defined pressure (contact load), during which the volume present or mass present is determined as a function of time (typically every 10 min);
And/or
Density, in particular at 20 ℃, of 0.7-2g/cm 3 In particular 0.8-1.9g/cm 3 Preferably 0.85-1.8g/cm 3 In particular according to DIN EN ISO 2811-1: 2016; and/or
Viscosity, in particular at 120℃to 200℃of 2000 to 200000mPas, in particular 2200 to 190000mPas, preferably 2500 to 180000mPas, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 2555: 2018.
(viscosity, in particular a measure of viscosity, can be measured in the context of the present invention, in particular with a rotational viscometer using the so-called Brookfield method; in this case viscosity is determined by deflection of the torsion element; for this purpose the spindle is immersed in the sample and rotated at a predetermined rotational speed, wherein the force required to keep the rotational speed constant is measured; in this case the force is a measure of dynamic viscosity);
and/or
Open waiting times, in particular at temperatures of from 170℃to 200℃and film thicknesses of from 90 μm to 200. Mu.m, of from 1 to 20s, in particular from 1 to 15s, preferably from 1 to 12s
(open latency particularly determines the time to apply and bond or join between bonded parts; this time is variable, depending on the formulation of the parts to be bonded, the materials and the environmental and temperature conditions of the parts; open latency may particularly be determined in accordance with DIN EN 923);
And/or
The reaction time, in particular in the case of reactive materials of thermoplastic strands, in particular in the case of reactive plastic polymers and/or reactive hot melts, is from 0.1 to 20 days, in particular from 0.5 to 18 days, preferably from 1 to 17 days, in particular determined using infrared spectroscopy, in particular ATR infrared spectroscopy (attenuated total reflection).
(the reaction time is a special property of the reactive adhesive in that it determines the time required for (chemical) curing of the adhesive.
According to the invention, the plastic strands or edge coatings, in particular plastic polymers and/or hot melt adhesives, can also have at least one of the following properties in the non-flowing or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially cured state:
peel strength (90℃peel test or T-peel test) of 10 to 200N/cm, in particular 30 to 175N/cm, preferably 50 to 150N/cm, in particular according to DIN EN 1464: 2010.
(90 ° peel adhesion test is particularly useful for determining the force required to separate two components bonded by an adhesive in 90 ° peel adhesion test, the force required to release the bonded components from each other is measured while the two bonded components are pulled apart while maintaining a constant 90 ° angle);
and/or
Shear strength (shear value) of 1N/mm 2 -40 N/mm 2 In particular 2N/mm 2- 35N/mm 2 Preferably 5N/mm 2- 30 N/mm 2 In particular according to DIN EN 1465: 2009.
(shear strength (shear value) is the ability of a material to resist forces that may cause the internal structure of the material to slide relative to itself, where adhesives generally tend to have high shear strength; shear strength is the resistance of a solid to tangential shear forces; and thus is the load that an article can withstand in a direction parallel to the surface of the material (rather than perpendicular to the surface of the material);
and/or
The loss range (tan. Delta. Or tan. Delta.) is in particular determined at a temperature of-20℃to 150℃and a frequency of 1Hz to be 0.01 to 100, in particular 0.05 to 90, preferably 0.1 to 80.
(loss ranges particularly denote the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus; the higher the loss factor, the closer the behavior of the sample is to an ideal viscous fluid with newtonian flow behavior, or the more conforming the behavior of the sample to an ideal elastic solid; generally, an ideal elastomer comprises a value of 0 and an ideal viscous body comprises an infinite value); ( The loss range represents in particular the ratio between the loss modulus and the storage modulus; the higher the loss factor, the closer the behavior of the sample is to an ideal viscous fluid with newtonian flow behavior, or the closer the behavior of the sample is to an ideal elastic solid; in general, the value of the ideal elastomer is 0, and the value of the ideal viscous body is infinite )
And/or
Storage modulus (G'), defined as 1.multidot.10 at a temperature of 25 DEG C 5 Pa-1·10 9 Pa, especially 1.10 5 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, preferably 1.10 6 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Storage modulus (G') determined to be 1 Pa-1.10 at a temperature of 150 DEG C 3 Pa, especially 10 Pa-1.10 3 Pa, preferably 10 Pa-1.10 2 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Loss modulus (G') determined to be 1.10 at a temperature of 25 DEG C 3 Pa-1·10 9 Pa, especially 1.10 4 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, preferably 1.10 5 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Loss modulus (G') determined to be 1 Pa-1.10 at a temperature of 150 DEG C 4 Pa, especially 10 Pa-1.10 4 Pa, preferably 10 Pa-1.10 3 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Elastic modulus (stress-strain) determined to be 1N/mm at a temperature of 25 DEG C 2 -5000N/mm 2 In particular 100N/mm 2 -4000 N/mm 2 Preferably 1000N/mm 2 -2500 N/mm 2 In particular according to DIN EN ISO 527-1:2019 and/or DIN EN ISO 527-2: 2012.
According to the inventionIt is clear that a particularly high modulus of elasticity can be achieved by using plastic polymers in the form of polyesters, in particular 1000N/mm 2 -5000 N/mm 2 。
Furthermore, according to the invention, it is particularly possible that the composite material has at least one of the following properties:
Water repellency, determined in particular according to Ikea TM 0002, of 3 to 5, in particular 4 to 5
(Water repellency is assessed in terms of the visually detectable or visible manifestation of swelling caused by water, in particular in the edge region or joint region (joint) between the narrow edge of the substrate or substrate and the edge coating applied or secured thereto, a rating of 1 to 5, with a value of 5 being associated with the best performance in this respect (i.e. in particular no swelling or swelling of less than 0.05 mm));
and/or
Heat resistance, determined in particular according to Ikea TM 0002, of 3 to 5, in particular 4 to 5
(the heat resistance is assessed in terms of visually detectable or visible manifestations of change due to the action of heat, in particular in the edge region or joint region (joint) between the substrate or the narrow edge of the substrate and the edge coating applied or fixed thereto, a rating of 1 to 5, wherein a value of 5 is related to the best performance in this respect (i.e. in particular no change due to the action of heat));
and/or
Moisture weather resistance, in particular according to AMK module 2merkblatt 005 (month 2015), is at least substantially free of any visually detectable and/or visible changes in the composite material and/or the edge coating
(moisture and humidity resistance refers to a visually detectable or visible change, particularly in the edge region or joint region (joint) between the narrow edge of the substrate or substrate and the edge coating applied or secured thereto, wherein there is at least substantially no change in the composite and/or edge coating under existing test conditions, as described above, in accordance with the present invention);
And/or
Resistance to alternating weather, in particular, as determined from AMK module 3 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), there is at least substantially no visually detectable and/or visible change in the composite material and/or edge coating;
(resistance to alternating weathering means a visually detectable or visible change, in particular in the edge region or joint region (joint) between the narrow edge of the substrate or substrate and the edge coating applied or secured thereto, wherein, according to the invention, there is at least substantially no change in the composite material and/or the edge coating under existing test conditions, as described above);
and/or
Water vapor resistance, particularly as determined from AMK module 1 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), is substantially free of visually detectable and/or visible changes in at least the composite and/or edge coating;
(Water vapor resistance refers to the presence of a visually detectable or visible change in the edge region or joint region (joint), particularly between the narrow edge of a substrate or substrate and an edge coating applied or secured thereto, wherein there is at least substantially no change in the composite and/or edge coating under existing test conditions, as previously described, in accordance with the present invention);
And/or
Uv resistance, 3-5, in particular 4-5, preferably 5, according to gray scale and/or 6-8, in particular 7-8, preferably 8, according to blue scale (wool scale), in particular according to DIN EN ISO 4892-2:2013 and/or according to DIN EN 15187:2006 determination
(in particular for UV resistance, it is possible to grade according to a grey scale and a blue scale (wool scale) after exposure; the higher the value determined, the less visible the colour change; the grade according to the grey scale, the 5 grade being the highest grade, indicating no visible colour change; blue scale gives the possibility of representing UV resistance in years, with a value of 8 (maximum) corresponding to 1.5 years.
In a further aspect of the method according to the invention, in particular according to method steps (a) and/or (B), the plate-shaped substrate for producing and/or applying and/or fixing the thermoplastic strands can be guided for applying the printing onto the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular according to method step (C), first along the production device (a) and/or along the application and/or fixing device (B), in particular along the combined production and application and/or fixing device, and then along and/or through the printing and/or ink application device (C).
In this case, according to a first embodiment of the invention, the device (A, B, C) is not known on the one hand in the integrated process section or system line and/or in the integrated process space (system space). However, according to the invention, the device (A, B, C), in particular the production device (a) and/or the application and/or fixing device (B), on the other hand preferably a combined production and application or fixing device, on the other hand a printing and/or ink application device (C), can be arranged in a process section or a system line separated from one another and/or in a process space (system space) separated from one another.
However, according to a further embodiment of the invention, in particular according to method steps (a) and/or (a'), the carrier is first passed along the production means (a) and/or along the carrier application and/or fixation means, in particular along the combined production and carrier application and/or fixation means, in particular the combined production and carrier application or fixation means, and the produced thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed on the carrier and are subsequently guided along and/or through the printing and/or ink application means (C) for applying the printing to the thermoplastic strands, in particular according to method step (C), wherein the carrier is subsequently removed and the plate-like substrate is guided along and/or through the application and/or fixation means (B) for applying and/or fixing the thermoplastic strands on the substrate, in particular according to method step (B).
However, with the two embodiments described above, it is in principle also possible to do so: the substrate may be said to be stationary and the corresponding device is guided along and/or past the substrate, in particular along the edge of the substrate.
According to the invention, the device (A, B, C) can be arranged in an integrated process section or system line and/or in an integrated process space (process space). Instead, the device (A, B, C), in particular the production device (a) and the printing and/or ink application device (C), on the one hand, and the application and/or fixing device (B), on the other hand, or, in particular the production device (a), on the other hand, the printing and/or ink application device (C) and the application and/or fixing device (B), can be arranged in separate process sections or system lines and/or in process spaces (process spaces) that are separate from one another.
For further relevant configurations of the method according to the invention, reference can also be made to configurations concerning other aspects according to the invention, which are applicable accordingly.
Another subject of the invention, according to a second aspect of the invention, is further a system (apparatus), in particular a method for implementing an edge coating (narrow side coating ) of a specific board-shaped substrate (material substrate), preferably board-shaped wood and/or furniture part, preferably for implementing a method for applying an edge coating to at least one edge (narrow side ) of a specific board-shaped substrate, preferably board-shaped wood and/or furniture part, preferably for implementing a method according to one of the preceding claims,
Wherein the system comprises the following components and/or devices:
(A) At least one production device (a), in particular for producing heat-bondable (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, preferably in the form of an edge strip, and/or for carrying out method step (a);
(B) At least one application and/or fixing device (B), in particular for applying and/or fixing thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, on a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face) of a plate-shaped substrate, in particular such that an edge coating (narrow side coating, narrow face coating) of a particular plate-shaped substrate is produced and/or a composite material of a particular plate-shaped substrate with an edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto is produced, and/or for carrying out method step (B);
(C) At least one printing and/or ink application device (C), in particular for applying a printing onto thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, and/or onto an edge coating, and/or for carrying out method step (C).
According to the invention, as previously described, the production device (a) and the application and/or fixing device (B) may be combined or configured as a combined production and application and/or fixing device. According to the invention, the application and/or fixation device (B) may be configured to apply and/or fix and/or form a device. Furthermore, the combined production and application and/or fixation device may be configured as a combined production and application and fixation forming device.
According to a first embodiment of the invention, the production device (a), the application and/or fixing device (B), in particular the combined production and application and/or fixing device and the printing and/or ink application device (C), are preferably connected and/or arranged directly one after the other and/or in succession in the previously specified order and/or in the process direction.
However, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the production device (a), the printing and/or ink application device (C) and the application and/or fixing device (B) are preferably connected and/or arranged directly one after the other and/or in succession downstream and/or in the process direction in the order specified previously. This arrangement of the device is particularly present in the case of thermoplastic strands applied to the substrate as part of an intermediate step (see configuration of method step (a') above).
According to the invention, the production device (a), the application and/or the fixing device (B), in particular the combined production and application or fixing device and the printing and/or ink application device (C), can generally be arranged in a combined process section or system line and/or a combined process space (process space), or the production device (a), the application and/or the fixing device (B), in particular the combined production and application or fixing device (AB) and the printing and/or ink application device (C), can be arranged in a combined process section or system line and/or a combined process space (process space). The fixing device (AB) and the printing and/or ink application device (C) are in particular arranged at least partially in mutually different and/or mutually separate process sections or system lines and/or in mutually different and/or mutually separate process spaces (process spaces).
According to the invention, the production device (A) and the application and/or fixing device (B) on the one hand and the printing and/or ink application device (C) on the other hand are/is arranged in a process section or system line and/or in a process space (process space) which are/is separated from each other, or the production device (A) and the printing and/or ink application device (C) on the one hand and the application and/or fixing device (B) on the other hand are/is arranged in a process section or system line and/or in a process space (process space) which are/is separated from each other, respectively.
According to the invention, the printing and/or ink application device (C) may comprise at least one printing and/or ink application apparatus, in particular a plurality of printing and/or ink application apparatuses. In this respect, the printing and/or ink application devices may be connected or arranged one after the other and/or one after the other in the downstream process direction and/or in the process direction.
Furthermore, according to the invention, the printing and/or ink application device (C) comprises at least one drying apparatus, in particular a plurality of drying apparatuses, in particular for drying and/or curing, in particular UV curing, the respective previously applied printing ink. In this case, the respective drying device may be arranged downstream of the respective printing and/or ink application device in the process direction or downstream thereof in the process direction.
Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention, in particular in such a way, that the printing and/or ink application device (C) comprises at least one coating application means, in particular for applying a preferably transparent and/or translucent finishing layer and/or sealing layer, in particular based on and/or using at least one (transparent) coating. In this respect, the varnish application device may be arranged downstream of the printing and/or ink application means in the process direction and/or downstream thereof in the process direction. Similarly, according to the invention, at least one (further) drying device is arranged downstream in the process direction or downstream in the process direction from the coating application device, in particular for drying and/or curing and/or setting the gloss and/or the matt of the applied (transparent) coating and/or for producing a structured coating surface and/or a structured coating surface.
Furthermore, according to the invention, the system may comprise at least one surface treatment device, in particular for treating, preferably smoothing, the surface of the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular wherein the surface treatment device is configured as a smoothing, grinding, milling, calibrating, cutting and/or polishing device, and/or in particular wherein the surface treatment device is arranged upstream of the printing and/or ink application device (C) in the process direction and/or is connected upstream or upstream of the latter in the process direction.
The surface treatment of the thermoplastic strands or edge coating is generally carried out prior to the printing application, which is also embodied in the arrangement of the device according to this aspect of the system according to the invention.
As also indicated previously in the context of the method according to the invention, the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands or edge coating comprise at least one plastic polymer and preferably at least one thermoplastic polymer or at least one hot melt adhesive. In this case, it is preferred according to the invention, in particular when and/or during the execution of method steps (a) and/or (a ') and/or (b), in particular method steps (a) and (b) on the one hand, or method steps (a), (a') and (b) on the other hand, preferably when and/or during the execution of the entire method, the thermoplastic strands or the edge coating at least substantially does not comprise a non-thermoplastic polymer, and in particular does not comprise a non-thermoplastic polymer or the like arranged in layers. This allows the bottom thermoplastic polymer to be completely converted into a flowable or thermally bonded state during production or application or fixing. Thus, according to the invention, in particular, the thermoplastic strands or the edge coating are at least substantially free of non-thermoplastic polymers.
In particular, according to the invention, in the process steps (a) and/or (a ') and/or (b), in particular the process steps (a) and (b) on the one hand, or the process steps (a), (a') and (b) on the other hand, the thermoplastic strands provided and/or used are at least substantially free of non-thermoplastic polymers. Furthermore, according to the invention, the thermoplastic strands or edge coating are at least substantially free of non-thermoplastic polymers in the resulting (final) product and/or after performing the method according to the invention.
For further relevant configurations of the system according to the invention and/or of the device according to the invention, reference may also be made to configurations according to the invention concerning other aspects, which are applicable according to the invention.
Another subject of the invention, according to a third aspect of the invention, is a board-shaped substrate (material substrate), in particular board-shaped wood and/or furniture parts, wherein the substrate comprises thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, applied and/or fastened thereto on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face), and is in particular provided with an edge coating, wherein the substrate is obtainable and/or obtained by a method according to one of the preceding claims.
Within the scope of the invention, the invention also relates to a board-like substrate (material substrate), in particular a board-like wood and/or furniture part, wherein the substrate comprises thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, applied and/or fastened thereto on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face), and is in particular provided with an edge coating, in particular a substrate as described above.
Wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating are at least substantially free of filler and/or wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating are at least substantially free of filler.
According to the present aspect, the invention also relates to a board-like substrate (material substrate), in particular a board-like wood and/or furniture part, wherein the substrate comprises thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, applied and/or fastened thereto on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face), and is in particular provided with an edge coating, in particular a substrate as described above.
Wherein the plate-like substrate comprises and/or is configured as a composite with an edge coating applied and/or immobilized on the substrate, wherein the composite is characterized by at least one of the following properties:
Waterproof properties of 3 to 5, in particular 4 to 5, in particular determined according to Ikea TM 0002; and/or
Heat resistance, determined in particular according to Ikea TM 0002, of 3 to 5, in particular 4 to 5; and/or
Moisture weather resistance, particularly as determined from AMK module 2merkblatt 005 (month 2015), is at least substantially free of visually detectable and/or visible changes in the composite material and/or edge coating; and/or
Resistance to alternating weather, in particular, as determined from AMK module 3 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), there is at least substantially no visually detectable and/or visible change in the composite material and/or edge coating; and/or
Water vapor resistance, particularly as determined from AMK module 1 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), is at least substantially free of visually detectable and/or visible changes in the composite and/or edge coating; and/or
Uv resistance, 3-5, in particular 4-5, preferably 5, according to gray scale and/or 6-8, in particular 7-8, preferably 8, according to blue scale (wool scale), in particular according to DIN EN ISO 4892-2:2013 and/or according to DIN EN 15187:2006 determination.
With respect to the plate-like substrate according to the invention it is further contemplated according to the invention that the edge coating of the plate-like substrate is formed entirely of thermoplastic strands and/or that the thermoplastic strands form the sole edge coating of a specific plate-like substrate and/or that the specific plate-like substrate does not comprise further edge strips, in particular does not comprise conventional edge strips, preferably does not comprise edge strips which can be applied and/or fastened by means of an adhesive.
In general, the thermoplastic strands (including printing) in the finished product may have a thickness of from 0.06mm to 3.25mm, especially from 0.085mm to 2.25mm, preferably from 0.125mm to 1.7mm, preferably from 0.2mm to 1.5mm, more preferably from 0.22mm to 1.2mm, most preferably from 0.25mm to 1mm, and even more preferably from 0.3mm to 0.9mm.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings showing preferred embodiments. However, in the case where these preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained, these embodiments are in no way limiting of the present invention, but further advantages, characteristics, aspects and features of the present invention will be described.
In the illustration of the drawing in question,
FIG. 1A shows a schematic diagram of a process sequence according to the invention for edge coating according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 1B shows a schematic diagram of a process sequence according to the present invention for edge coating according to a further embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2A shows a schematic diagram of an arrangement of various means for providing a system (apparatus) according to the invention, according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2B shows a schematic diagram of an arrangement of various means for providing a system (apparatus) according to the invention, according to a further embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1A shows a sequence of the method according to the invention for edge coating, according to which first a thermally bonded or hot-melt thermoplastic strand is produced according to method step (a), in particular, subsequently applied and/or fixed directly to a specific plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, according to method step (b). After application and/or fixing, the printing is applied according to method step (c) onto the thermoplastic strands or edge coating, if necessary with time interruption or a separate process operation being carried out when carrying out method steps (a) and (b), or in a different process space. Fig. 1A also shows a method sequence in which an intermediate step is carried out in the form of a method step (a'), according to which the thermoplastic strands previously produced according to method step (a) are applied and/or fixed to a carrier before being applied and/or fixed to a plate-shaped substrate according to method step (b), wherein in this case the thermoplastic strands applied to the carrier can be stored and/or transported for subsequent application and/or fixing to a specific plate-shaped substrate.
Fig. 1B shows an alternative process sequence, according to which the hot-melt adhesive plastic strands produced in method step (a) are first applied and/or fixed to a carrier according to an intermediate step or method step (a '), and then printed according to method step (c), wherein the method can also be carried out intermittently or discontinuously between method step (a') and method step (c), in particular in different process spaces or the like. Subsequently, also if necessary, after interruption or discontinuity or in another process space, the printed thermoplastic strands applied to the carrier can be applied and/or fixed to a specific plate-shaped substrate according to method step (b), in particular after removal of the carrier. Fig. 1B also shows an alternative embodiment, according to which the thermoplastic strands produced in method step (a) are printed directly according to method step (c) without performing method step (a').
Furthermore, fig. 2A shows an arrangement of basic devices of the system according to the invention or of a related system for performing the method according to the invention, which system comprises a production device (a), an application and/or fixing device (B), and a printing and/or ink application device (C), corresponding to the process operation according to fig. 1A. The production device (A), the application and/or fixing device (B) and the printing and/or ink application device (C) are connected or arranged in succession downstream or in the process direction in the previously defined sequence, so that the production of the thermoadhesive strands is carried out first, which are then applied and/or fixed on the plate-shaped substrate and then the printing application is carried out.
Fig. 2B shows an arrangement of basic devices of the system according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention or of the facilities associated therewith, which arrangement corresponds to the process operation according to fig. 1B, wherein the production device (a), the printing and/or ink application device (C) and the application and/or fixing device (B) are connected or arranged in the above-mentioned order in succession downstream or in the process direction.
For a further relevant configuration of the plate-like substrate according to the invention, reference can also be made to configurations according to other aspects of the invention which are correspondingly applicable here.
Furthermore, another subject of the invention-according to another aspect of the invention-is the following inventive use: in the method according to the invention, which is defined previously, the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic profile strands or the plastic film, are thermally bonded, preferably in the form of an edge strip, for the edge coating (narrow-side coating ) of the substrate, in particular the board-like substrate (material substrate), preferably the board-like wood and/or furniture part.
For a further relevant description of the use according to the present aspect, reference may also be made to the correspondingly applicable description according to other aspects of the invention.
Furthermore, another subject of the invention-according to another aspect of the invention-is the following inventive use: the thermally bonded (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, are preferably used in the form of an edge strip for edge coating (narrow-side coating ) of a specific board-like substrate (material substrate), preferably board-like wood and/or furniture parts, preferably for applying an edge coating to at least one edge (narrow-side ) of a board-like substrate, preferably board-like wood and/or furniture parts.
Wherein the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to a particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face) of the plate-shaped substrate, preferably are applied and material-bonded and/or permanently fixed, in particular in such a way that an edge coating (narrow side coating, narrow face coating) of the particular plate-shaped substrate is produced, and/or a composite material of the particular plate-shaped substrate with the edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto is produced, and
Wherein the printing is applied on the thermoplastic strands (in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films) and/or the edge coating before or after the thermoplastic strands (in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films) and/or the edge coating are applied and/or fixed.
For further relevant descriptions of the use according to the present aspect of the invention, reference may also be made to descriptions of other aspects according to the present invention, which apply accordingly.
Further configurations, variations, modifications, special features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification and may be achieved without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments, which are in no way intended to limit the invention.
Working example:
the method of the invention is illustrated by the following example.
General procedure
In a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, extrusion is first preferably used to produce thermoadhesive (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular profile plastic strands or plastic films, preferably in the form of edge strips.
The produced thermobonded (hot melt) thermoplastic strands are applied to a specific platy substrate, preferably to platy wood or furniture parts, and fixed, if necessary, and subsequently formatted, in order to produce an edge coating (also synonymously called narrow side coating or narrow top coating) of the specific platy substrate with thermoplastic strands, or to produce a composite material of the specific platy substrate with an edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto.
Post-treatments, in particular homogenization, may be carried out, if necessary or desired, for example using milling, smoothing, grinding, cutting and/or polishing.
In a further method step, the printing is applied to the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or to the plastic film or to the edge coating using digital printing.
Alternative procedure
According to an alternative specific embodiment of the method according to the invention, first of all, the hot-tack (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, are produced preferably using extrusion, preferably in the form of edge strips.
In an intermediate step, the produced thermally bonded (hot melt) thermoplastic strands are applied to a carrier and secured, preferably in a removable or intermediate (i.e. non-permanent) manner.
If necessary or desired, the aftertreatment, in particular homogenization, can be carried out, for example, using milling, smoothing, grinding, cutting and/or polishing.
Subsequently, the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands are separated from the carrier and then applied to a specific platy substrate, preferably to platy wood or furniture parts, and secured, thereby producing an edge coating of the specific platy substrate or producing a composite of the specific platy substrate with the edge coating applied and/or secured thereto.
If necessary or desired, this step may also or alternatively be followed by a post-treatment, in particular homogenization, for example using milling, smoothing, grinding, cutting and/or polishing.
In a further method step, the printing is applied by digital printing to the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or to the plastic film, or to the edge coating.
According to another embodiment, the printing can also be carried out by digital printing, in particular before the thermoplastic strands are carried from the carrier onto the plate-shaped substrate.
Printing details (digital printing)
Printing is performed on a print application apparatus consisting of six printheads arranged one after the other, each printhead being followed by a UV lamp, wherein UV cured colors are applied one after the other and UV cured immediately, according to a specific embodiment. The colors are arranged in the following order or applied in this order: white (as the bottom layer), cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. This arrangement is particularly compatible with the so-called CMYK color model and printing technology according to ISO 2846-1:2017.
The design for printing may be stored in the corresponding program of the device used in the form of a predetermined image file, wherein the image file comprises a high resolution. Depending on the exact dimensions of the narrow side or edges to be printed, the image portions may be manually selected on the respective screen.
Alternatively, the design may also be automatically adapted to the substrate, for example by optically detecting the surface design of the substrate when the artificial board is fed into the system, and automatically adjusting the design for printing the narrow side to be fully compliant with the surface design.
Thermally bonded plastic strand
The thermally bonded (hot melt) thermoplastic strands produced according to the invention, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, in particular comprise reactive and/or nonreactive (thermoplastic) plastic polymers, in particular adhesives. As non-reactive binders, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-acrylate copolymers, polyamides, polyacrylates, polyolefins, polyesters, in particular polylactic acid, or polyurethane-based plastic polymers or corresponding mixtures can be used. For example, one-component (1K) or two-component (2K) polyurethane or polyolefin-based plastic polymers or mixtures thereof may be used as reactive adhesives.
In addition, the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands may contain other ingredients such as antioxidants, catalysts, resins, waxes, fillers, wetting agents, rheology modifiers, stabilizers, flame retardants, colorants, lubricants, plasticizers, and mixtures thereof.
For example, the following commercial products can be used as materials for thermally bonding (hot melt) thermoplastic strands:
(i) Non-reactive system:
Jowat-EP12237.60 (polyolefin-based);
211.50 (polyamido);
Jowat-237.50 (polyolefin-based);
(ii) Reaction system:
Jowatherm-600.71 (polyurethane-based, one-component system);
Jowatherm-629.70 (polyolefin-based, one-component System)
Influence of the amount of filler
In order to determine the effect of the amount of filler, a series of comparisons were made in each case with polyamide-based binders and polyurethane-based binders (reactive and non-reactive). The narrow sides of the wood-based substrate are coated according to the method of the invention described above. In each case, the binder contains a different amount of calcium carbonate (CaCO) 3 ) As filler, 0wt.%, 1wt.%, 5wt.%, 10wt.%, and 20wt.% are in each case based on the binder.
Substantially all of the binder is suitable for use in the method according to the invention and results in the formation of a printable edge coating; that is, the respective binders may be treated according to the present invention.
However, a series of tests (increasing the amount of filler with the same binder and the same procedure) showed that in each case, at high throughput, the abrasion of the (extrusion) nozzle increased with increasing filler amount, the processability, in particular the applicability and flowability, was poor, and the adhesive strength, in particular the peel strength, the adhesion, the adhesive strength, the shear strength, the heat resistance, the loss range and the shear modulus were poor.
Further description of exemplary procedures
According to a typical procedure, various experiments were performed in the following manner, using the above raw materials:
first, an image file is loaded into a workflow connected to a system and automatically checked according to defined criteria. These criteria include, for example, the resolution of the file, the color information it contains, and other definable parameters. If an error message occurs due to deviation from the specified criteria, correction may be performed directly. The dimensions of the narrow side to be coated are then entered directly, so that the image file is automatically adjusted to the corresponding dimensions of the area to be printed. Printout or inspection can also be performed on the corresponding screen. The adapted image file is then made available to the printing device via the corresponding interface.
The artificial board to be coated is then brought into the system and aligned. As an alternative to the above-described method for providing image files or designs, the surface decoration of the artificial board may also be optically detected when the artificial board is moved into the system and fed into the printing device in an automated process.
The narrow face of the artificial board is then moved along a slit nozzle or roll and the plastic polymer or adhesive on which the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands are based is uniformly spread over the entire narrow face.
When moving the artificial board, the applied plastic polymer or adhesive solidifies due to the cooling process, thereby forming thermoplastic strands. When reactive plastic polymers are used, for example, a UV lamp or a heat source may be particularly arranged downstream to initiate crosslinking.
The surface of the thermoplastic strands is then automatically homogenized by various means, such as milling, smoothing, grinding, cutting and/or polishing.
The homogenized surface is then fed into a print application apparatus consisting of six print heads arranged one after the other, each followed by a UV lamp. The colors are painted in the following order: white (as the bottom layer), cyan, magenta, yellow, black, each color is directly cured by UV. The process is in accordance with DIN 2846-1.
Finally, a digitally printable varnish is applied over the entire surface and cured by UV lamps to be glossy or matt. Thus, the varnish serves to decorate and protect the underlying color and edges of the artificial board.
Reference numerals:
a production device
B application and/or fixing device
C printing and/or ink applying device
Method step a (a)
b method step (b)
Step (c) of the method
a 'intermediate step or method step (a')
Claims (78)
1. Method for specifying an edge coating (narrow side coating ) of a veneer-like substrate (material substrate), preferably of a veneer-like wood and/or furniture part, in particular for applying an edge coating to at least one edge (narrow side ) of a veneer-like substrate, preferably of a veneer-like wood and/or furniture part,
wherein the method comprises the following method steps:
(a) Producing thermally bonded (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands (plastic profiles) or plastic films (plastic films), preferably in the form of edge strips, preferably by extrusion;
(b) Applying and/or fixing, preferably adhering and material-bonding and/or permanently fixing, the thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, to the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side ) of the plate-shaped substrate, in particular such that an edge coating (narrow side coating ) of the particular plate-shaped substrate and/or a composite of the particular plate-shaped substrate with an edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto is produced,
(c) Printing is applied to the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or to the plastic film, and/or to the edge coating.
2. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the overall operation of the process, in particular of process steps (a), (b) and (c), is at least substantially continuous and/or uninterrupted and/or is performed as an at least substantially uninterrupted process operation and/or an at least substantially uninterrupted process operation; and/or
Wherein method steps (a), (b) and (c) are performed spatially and/or temporally consecutively, in particular spatially and temporally consecutively; and/or
Wherein the method steps (a), (b) and (c) are performed in a combined process operation and/or in a combined process section (system section) or system line and/or in a combined process space (system space), in particular as an inline method or an inline process;
or alternatively
Wherein the overall operation of the process, in particular of process steps (a), (b) and (c), is performed discontinuously and/or not without interruption; and/or
Wherein the method steps (a), (b) and (c), in particular the method steps (b) and (c), are at least partially spatially separated and/or temporally separated from each other, in particular spatially separated and temporally separated from each other; and/or
Wherein the method steps (a), (b) and (c), in particular the method steps (b) and (c), are at least partially carried out in a process operation and/or in a process space (system space) which are separated from one another.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein method steps (a) and (b) may be performed at least substantially directly continuously and/or at least substantially directly transitionally with each other and/or without performing intermediate steps;
or alternatively
Wherein method steps (a) and (b) are spatially separated and/or temporally separated from each other, in particular spatially separated and temporally separated from each other; and/or
Wherein method steps (a) and (b) are carried out in a process operation and/or a process line (system line) and/or a process space (system space) which are separated from one another.
4. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein method steps (b) and (c) are performed at least substantially directly in succession and/or at least substantially directly in transition with each other and/or without intermediate steps; and/or
Steps (b) and (c) are performed in a combined process operation and/or in a combined process section or system line and/or in a combined process space (system space);
or alternatively
Wherein method steps (b) and (c) are carried out spatially and/or temporally separated from one another, in particular spatially and temporally separated from one another; and/or
Wherein method steps (b) and (c) are carried out in a process operation and/or in a process space (system space) which are independent of one another.
5. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the method is performed in the following order: method steps (a), (b) and (c); and/or
Wherein the method is carried out in the following order: method step (a), then method step (b), then method step (c); and/or
Wherein, firstly, executing the method step (a), then executing the method step (b), and then executing the step (c);
or alternatively
Wherein the method is performed in the following order: method steps (a), (c) and (b); and/or
Wherein the method is performed in the following order: method step (a), then method step (c), then method step (b); and/or
Wherein, first, executing the method step (a), then executing the method step (c), and then executing the method step (b); and/or
Wherein method step (c) is carried out before method step (b) and/or after method step (a).
6. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the thermoplastic resin strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic resin strands comprises or consists of at least one plastic polymer, in particular an adhesive polymer, preferably a thermally bonded (hot melt) thermoplastic resin polymer, preferably a thermally bonded (hot melt) adhesive polymer.
7. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (a), the thermoplastic strand or the material of the thermoplastic strand, in particular the plastic polymer as defined below, is in a formable and/or flowable and/or thermally bonded state and/or is converted into such a state in particular by heat application (heating), preferably to a temperature above the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strand and/or the (raw) material for the thermoplastic strand, in particular the plastic polymer; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (a), the production of the thermoplastic strands can be carried out and/or carried out by at least one production device (a), in particular wherein the thermoplastic strands can be produced and/or discharged from the production device (a) at least substantially uniformly and/or at an at least substantially constant speed (production speed), in particular extruded using a nozzle, preferably a slot nozzle; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (a), the production of the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands is performed by nozzle(s), in particular nozzle extrusion, preferably slot nozzle extrusion, or wherein, in particular in method step (a), the production of the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands is performed by roller and/or roller outfeed; and/or
Wherein, in particular in process step (a), the production of the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands is carried out by nozzle(s), in particular nozzle extrusion, preferably slot nozzle extrusion, or by roller and/or roller discharge; and/or
Wherein, in particular in process step (a), the thermoplastic strands are produced (production speed) in a range of 1m/min to 300m/min, in particular in a range of 10m/min to 200m/min, preferably in a range of 20m/min to 100m/min.
8. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein preferably in method step (a) and/or in method step (b) the thermoplastic strands are arranged and/or present in the form of at least substantially strands, in particular with a longitudinal extension greater than a vertical extension.
9. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
preferably, in method step (a) and/or method step (b), the thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands, are configured and/or present in a three-dimensional structure (composition, body), in particular as a profile, and/or wherein the plastic profile strands are in a three-dimensional structure (composition, body), in particular as a profile; or (b)
Preferably, the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic film, are configured in two-dimensional and/or quasi-two-dimensional structures (components, bodies), in particular as films (foils), and/or the plastic film is in two-dimensional and/or quasi-two-dimensional structures (components, bodies), in particular films (foils).
10. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied or fixed in a formable and/or flowable and/or thermally bonded (hot-melt) state on the particular platy substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the platy substrate, preferably at a temperature above the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer.
11. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterrupted and/or at least substantially uniformly and/or with a uniform thickness on the particular plate-like substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-like substrate; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterrupted on the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side) of the plate-shaped substrate; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (b), at least one edge (narrow side) of the platy substrate is coated with the thermoplastic strands along its entire height and/or its entire length, in particular at least substantially over its entire surface.
12. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (B), the thermoplastic strands are applied or fixed on the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edges of the plate-shaped substrate, by guiding the substrate along and/or through at least one application and/or fixing device (B); and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (B), the substrate is guided along and/or past the application and/or fixing device (B) in a uniform and/or linear and/or unidirectional movement; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (b), the application and/or fixing on the specific plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edge (narrow side) of the plate-shaped substrate, is performed by a nozzle application, preferably a slot nozzle application, a roller application, a squeegee, a spraying, a calendaring, a printing process, in particular by a nozzle application or extrusion and/or a roller application, preferably a nozzle application, preferably a slot nozzle application.
13. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the thermoplastic strands are shaped (formatted), in particular further shaped (further formatted), during and/or after the application or fixation of the thermoplastic strands; and/or
Wherein method step (b) is performed as follows:
(b) Applying and/or fixing, preferably applying and material bonding and/or permanently fixing, the thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, on the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, in particular such that, in particular, an edge coating of the particular plate-shaped substrate is produced and/or an adhesion of the particular plate-shaped substrate to the edge coating applied and/or fixed thereon is produced, in particular wherein, during and/or after the application and/or fixing, in particular, a shaping, in particular a further shaping, of the thermoplastic strands is carried out; and/or
Wherein the method step (b) is performed as follows:
(b) The thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, are applied and/or fixed, preferably applied and material-bonded and/or permanently fixed, to the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the plate-shaped substrate, optionally under and/or after the shaping of the thermoplastic strands, in particular such that an edge coating of the particular plate-shaped substrate is produced and/or an adhesion of the particular plate-shaped substrate to the edge coating applied and/or fixed and/or optionally shaped thereon is produced.
14. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to the particular platy substrate immediately and/or directly and/or without performing an intermediate step and/or without an intermediate layer, in particular on at least one edge of the platy substrate; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to the specific platy substrate, in particular to at least one edge of the platy substrate, without additional adhesive or without an additional adhesive layer.
15. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are fixed on the specific platy substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the platy substrate, preferably entirely due to and/or through the inherent (thermal) tackiness of the thermoplastic strands.
16. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the platy substrate, in particular the edges of the platy substrate, are provided with at least one adhesion promoter (primer) and/or undergo a pretreatment and/or a surface treatment and/or activation, preferably using corona or plasma treatment, in particular before the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or immobilized; or (b)
Wherein in method step (b) the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to the specific platy substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the platy substrate, without using an adhesion promoter (primer) and/or without pre-treating and/or surface-treating and/or activating the platy substrate, in particular without pre-treating the edges of the platy substrate and/or without pre-treating the thermoplastic strands, in particular without pre-treating the sides and/or surfaces of the thermoplastic strands to be applied to the substrate.
17. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in process step (b), the speed of application and/or fixation of the thermoplastic resin strands (application or fixation speed) is in the range of 1m/min to 300m/min, in particular 10m/min to 200m/min, preferably 20m/min to 100m/min.
18. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed on the specific platy substrate, in particular on the edges of the platy substrate, in an amount of 50g/m based on the dry weight of the thermoplastic strands 2 -1500 g/m 2 In particular 100g/m 2 -1200 g/m 2 Preferably 150g/m 2 -1000 g/m 2 Preferably 200g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 Particularly preferably 250g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 。
19. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in process step (b), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or immobilized on the particular platy substrate, in particular on at least one edge of the platy substrate, in a thickness of 0.05mm to 3mm, in particular 0.075mm to 2mm, preferably 0.1mm to 1.5mm, more preferably 0.15mm to 1.25mm, more preferably 0.175mm to 1mm, even more preferably 0.2mm to 0.9mm, even more preferably 0.25mm to 0.8 mm; and/or
Wherein the thermoplastic strands or edge coating have a thickness of 0.05mm to 3mm, in particular 0.075mm to 2mm, preferably 0.1mm to 1.5mm, preferably 0.15mm to 1.25mm, more preferably 0.175mm to 1mm, most preferably 0.2mm to 0.9mm, more preferably 0.25mm to 0.8mm.
20. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or immobilized on the particular platy substrate are converted into a non-flowing and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially solidified state, in particular for configuring and/or obtaining the edge coating, in particular wherein the edge coating is non-flowing and/or solid solidified) and/or at least partially solidified state, in particular by cooling, preferably by cooling to a temperature below the softening range or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (b), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or immobilized on the particular platy substrate are cooled, in particular to a temperature below the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer, and/or in particular for obtaining and/or obtaining an edge coating in a non-flowing and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially cured state.
21. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the thermally bonded thermoplastic strands produced in method step (a) are at least substantially immediately adjacent to their production and/or at least substantially adjacent to method step (a), in method step (b), in particular in a formable and/or flowable and/or thermally bonded state of the thermoplastic strands, applied and/or fixed on the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edges (narrow sides) of the plate-shaped substrate.
22. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular after method step (a), preferably at least substantially immediately after method step (a) and/or in particular before method step (b) and/or method step (c), at least one intermediate step is performed, in particular according to method step (a'),
Wherein in particular the method is performed in the order of method steps (a), (a'), (b) and (c); or (b)
Wherein in particular the method is performed in the order of method steps (a), (a'), (c) and (b).
23. The method according to claim 22,
wherein, as an intermediate step, in particular as an intermediate step according to method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, are applied and/or fixed, preferably applied and detachably and/or intermediately (non-permanently) fixed,
wherein in particular the application and/or fixation on the carrier is effected and/or performed by a nozzle application, preferably a slot nozzle application, a roller application, a squeegee, a spray coating, a calendaring, a printing process, in particular by a nozzle application or extrusion and/or a roller application, preferably a slot nozzle application; and/or
Wherein the thermoplastic strands are shaped (formatted), in particular further shaped (further formatted), in particular during and/or after application and/or immobilization of the thermoplastic strands on the substrate; and/or
Wherein in particular the carrier comprises at least one surface and/or side surface for receiving the thermoplastic strands; and/or
Wherein in particular the carrier comprises or consists of a carrier material selected from the group consisting of preferably heat-resistant paper, preferably heat-resistant cardboard, metal, preferably heat-resistant plastic, wood and combinations thereof.
24. The method according to claim 22 or 23,
wherein, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands are applied or fixed to the support in an amount of 50g/m based on the dry weight of the thermoplastic strands and/or the thermoplastic strand material 2 -1500 g/m 2 In particular 100g/m 2 -1200 g/m 2 Preferably 150g/m 2 -1000g/m 2 Preferably 200g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 More preferably 250g/m 2 -800 g/m 2 。
25. The method according to any one of claim 22 to 24,
wherein, in particular in process step (a'), the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or immobilized on the support with a thickness of 0.05mm to 3mm, in particular 0.1mm to 1.75mm, preferably 0.2mm to 1mm, preferably 0.3mm to 0.85 mm; and/or
Wherein, in particular in process step (a'), the thermoplastic strands are applied or fixed to the substrate at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterrupted and/or at least substantially uniformly and/or with a uniform thickness.
26. The method according to any one of claim 22-25,
wherein, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or immobilized on the support are converted into a non-flowable and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially solidified state, in particular by cooling, preferably by cooling to a temperature below the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or immobilized on the support are cooled, in particular to a temperature below the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or the (raw) material for the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer.
27. The method according to any one of claim 22-26,
wherein, in particular, the thermoplastic strands applied and/or fixed on the substrate in process step (a') and converted into non-flowable and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially cured and/or present are provided and/or have a printing according to process step (c),
wherein in particular method step (c) is performed in particular immediately after method step (a'), and/or in particular before method step (b); and/or
Wherein in particular the method is performed in the order of method steps (a), (a'), (c) and (b).
28. The method according to any one of claims 22-27,
wherein, in particular in method step (a'), the thermoplastic strands applied and/or immobilized on the support are separated from the support, in particular by the application of heat (heating), and/or are reconverted to a formable and/or flowable and/or thermally adhesive state, in particular for the subsequent execution of method step (b), in particular using heat application (heating), in particular to a temperature above the softening range and/or softening point of the thermoplastic strands and/or of the (raw) material for the thermoplastic strands, in particular of the plastic polymer.
29. The method according to any one of claims 22-28,
wherein the thermoplastic strands obtained in process step (a') are applied by means of rollers, squeegees and/or calendars, in particular by means of rollers, according to process step (b), and subsequently applied and/or fixed on the particular plate-shaped substrate, in particular on the edges of the plate-shaped substrate.
30. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular, before performing method step (c), method steps (a) and (b) or method steps (a) and (a') are repeated and/or re-performed, in particular such that a multilayer and/or multilayer-based thermoplastic strand is produced, wherein in particular the thermoplastic strand comprises two, three, four or more layers, or is based on two, three, four or more layers.
31. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (b) and/or method step (a'), preferably in method step (b), a surface treatment, in particular a surface smoothing and/or surface homogenization, is performed on the plastic strands and/or edge coating, in particular in the non-flowable and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially cured state, preferably on the side and/or surface and/or edge region of the thermoplastic strands and/or edge coating facing away from the substrate and/or carrier;
Wherein in particular the surface treatment, in particular the surface smoothing, is performed using milling, grinding, preferably calibration grinding, cutting, smoothing and/or polishing; and/or
Wherein in particular the surface treatment is performed before performing method step (c).
32. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), the application of printing is performed on the side of the thermoplastic resin strands facing away from the particular plate-like substrate or the support and/or the edge coating.
33. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (C), the printing application is performed using at least one printing and/or ink application device (C),
wherein in particular the substrate with the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating is guided along and/or past the printing and/or ink application means (C), preferably in a uniform and/or linear and/or unidirectional movement; and/or
Wherein in particular the printing and/or ink application device (C) comprises at least one printing and/or ink application device, in particular a plurality of printing and/or ink application devices.
34. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
Wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing is applied in dot-like and/or web-like form; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing application is performed using inkjet printing or laser printing, in particular inkjet printing; and/or
Wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing is applied without using static and/or unchangeable printing forms.
35. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing application is performed using at least one printing ink, which can preferably be applied by inkjet printing and/or laser printing, in particular inkjet printing, wherein, in particular, the printing ink is configured to be UV-curable (UV-dryable);
wherein, in particular, the printing ink is dried and/or UV-cured (UV-dried) after its application and/or application to the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular using at least one drying and/or UV-curing device.
36. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), the application by means of said printing is performed by multicolor printing and/or using a plurality of printing inks, in particular the printing inks having mutually different colors, in particular as defined in claim 35, and/or
Wherein the printing ink is applied or arranged in the form of dots and/or a web on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, wherein in particular the resulting coloration (color mixing) is produced by superposition and/or juxtaposition of the printing ink; and/or
Wherein in particular the respective printing inks are applied continuously and/or sequentially on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, wherein in particular the coloring (color mixing) is produced by superimposing and/or juxtaposing the printing inks on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating; and/or
Wherein the respective printing ink is applied on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating by means of a single printing and/or ink application device and/or a printing and/or ink application device assigned to the printing ink; and/or
Wherein the respective printing ink is dried and/or UV-cured (UV-dried), in particular immediately after its application and/or before the application of the printing ink to be applied and/or applied later.
37. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing application is performed using a subtractive (printing) color system, in particular a CMYK (printing) color system.
38. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), before the application of the printing ink, in particular on the side facing away from the substrate, the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating (initially) have a primer and/or a base layer, in particular based on and/or using at least one (covering) ink, wherein in particular the primer and/or the base layer is applied at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterruptedly over the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating,
wherein in particular the (top) coating colour is applied by inkjet printing and/or laser printing, in particular using inkjet printing, and/or wherein in particular the coating colour is configured as UV-cured or (UV-dried); and/or
Wherein in particular the (cover) ink is first dried and/or UV-cured or (UV-dried) substantially immediately after its application and/or before the application of the printing ink to be subsequently applied and/or applied.
39. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), after the application of the printing ink, preferably after the arrangement of (top) ink and printing ink, in particular on the side facing away from the substrate, the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating have a preferably transparent and/or translucent finish or sealing layer, in particular based on and/or using at least one (transparent) lacquer,
Wherein in particular the (transparent) lacquer is applied at least substantially over the entire surface and/or at least substantially uninterrupted on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating; and/or
Wherein in particular the finishing layer or sealing layer is configured as matt or glossy and/or structured; and/or
Wherein in particular the facing layer or sealing layer is arranged in a structured manner (structured), in particular applied using a structured (transparent) coating, preferably applied using an intermittent (transparent) coating, etc.; and/or
Wherein in particular the (transparent) coating is dried and/or UV-cured (UV-dried), in particular immediately after its application.
40. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing application takes place at least substantially along the entire length of the thermoplastic resin strands and/or the edge coating and/or at least substantially edgelessly and/or at least substantially over the entire height of the thermoplastic resin strands and/or the edge coating.
41. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing application is controlled and/or carried out electronically or computer-based, preferably by digital printing, wherein, in particular, the printed image to be produced during the printing is electronically configured and/or predetermined, in particular file-based or data flow-based.
42. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein wood, wood substitute, plastic, glass or metal, preferably wood or wood substitute is used as the specific platy substrate; and/or
Wherein wood substitutes based on wood fiber materials and/or wood fiber materials, in particular selected from the group consisting of particle board, MDF board (medium density fiberboard), OSB board (oriented strand board) and WPC board (wood-plastic composite board) and combinations thereof are used as specific platy substrates; and/or
Among them, plastic-based wood substitutes are used as specific platy substrates.
43. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the specific plate-shaped substrate has a coating, in particular a film coating and/or a decorative coating, in particular a plastic-based coating, on at least one of its flat sides, wherein in particular the coating has been applied and/or fixed on the substrate before carrying out method steps (a) and/or (b).
44. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the height of the edges (narrow sides, narrow faces) of the particular plate-like substrate is 1mm to 200mm, in particular 5mm to 150mm, preferably 10mm to 100mm, preferably 15mm to 50mm; and/or
Wherein the specific plate-like substrate has a length of 1cm to 2500cm, particularly 10cm to 1000cm, preferably 30cm to 900cm, preferably 50cm to 800cm.
45. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein first, the dimensions, in particular the length and/or the height, of the surface of the particular plate-shaped substrate, preferably of the plate-shaped substrate and/or of the edge (narrow side ) of the carrier, with the edge coating and/or the printing, are recorded, in particular electronically and/or in a computer-based manner, and then the thermoplastic strands are produced, in particular according to method step (a), and/or are applied and/or fixed, in particular according to method step (b) and/or according to method step (a'), and/or the printing application is adapted to the determined dimensions or values, in particular independently of one another, and/or is controlled as a function of the determined dimensions or values, in particular independently of one another, preferably electronically and/or computer-based.
46. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein first, in particular before the application of the printing and/or before method step (c), preferably at the beginning of the method, the optical formation, in particular the decoration, of the particular plate-like substrate is determined and/or analyzed, preferably the flat side of the particular plate-like substrate is determined and/or analyzed, in particular electronically, and then, in particular in method step (c), the printing is configured and/or adapted to the optical formation, in particular as a function of the decoration.
47. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein, in particular in method step (c), the printing application is carried out at a speed (printing speed) of from 1m/min to 300m/min, in particular from 10m/min to 200m/min, preferably from 20m/min to 100m/min.
48. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the edge coating of the specific plate-like substrate is formed entirely of the thermoplastic strands and/or wherein no further edge coating, in particular no further edge tape, in particular no conventional edge tape, preferably no edge tape to be applied and/or fixed with an adhesive is applied and/or fixed on the specific plate-like substrate in addition to the thermoplastic strands; and/or
Wherein the substrate obtainable and/or obtained according to the method, in particular at the edges thereof coated according to the method, does not comprise a further edge coating, in particular does not comprise a further edge strip, in particular does not comprise a conventional edge strip, preferably does not comprise an edge strip to be applied and/or secured by means of an adhesive, in addition to the thermoplastic strands.
49. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the thermoplastic resin strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic resin strands comprises or consists of at least one plastic polymer, in particular an adhesive polymer, preferably a heat-bonded (heat-sealed) thermoplastic resin polymer, preferably a heat-bonded (hot-melt) adhesive polymer;
Wherein the plastic polymer is selected from non-reactive and reactive systems, in particular non-reactive and reactive binders; and/or
Wherein the plastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of homopolymers and copolymers, and mixtures and combinations thereof; and/or
Wherein the plastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyamide, polyacrylate, polyester, especially polylactic acid, polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylate copolymer, and mixtures and combinations thereof; and/or
Wherein the plastic polymer comprises or consists of a hot melt adhesive, in particular a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive; and/or
Wherein the thermoplastic resin strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic resin strands comprise or consist of a plastic polymer, in particular an adhesive polymer, preferably a thermally adhesive (hot melt) thermoplastic resin polymer, preferably a thermally adhesive (hot melt) adhesive polymer, in an amount of 1 wt.% to 100 wt.%, in particular 5 wt.% to 100 wt.%, preferably 7.5 wt.% to 100 wt.%, more preferably 10 wt.% to 100 wt.%, based on the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands.
50. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands comprises or consists of at least one hot melt adhesive, in particular a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive, preferably a reactive or non-reactive hot melt adhesive, wherein in particular the hot melt adhesive is a thermoplastic and/or a one-component or two-component hot melt adhesive; and/or
Wherein the thermoplastic strand and/or the material of the thermoplastic strand, in particular the thermoplastic strand and/or the material of the thermoplastic strand, comprises a hot melt adhesive, in particular a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive, in an amount of 1 wt.% to 100 wt.%, in particular 5 wt.% to 100 wt.%, preferably 7.5 wt.% to 100 wt.%, more preferably 10 wt.% to 100 wt.%.
51. The method of claim 49 or 50,
wherein the hot melt adhesive is a reactive hot melt adhesive,
wherein in particular the reactive hot melt adhesive is a moisture-crosslinking, heat-crosslinking and/or radiation-crosslinking hot melt adhesive, in particular a moisture-crosslinking hot melt adhesive; and/or
Wherein in particular the reactive hot melt adhesive comprises chemically reactive groups, wherein in particular the chemically reactive groups are selected from isocyanate groups, silane groups, epoxy groups, polyurethane groups and reactive double or multiple bonds (in particular c—c double or multiple bonds) and combinations thereof, preferably isocyanate groups and silane groups, and/or wherein in particular the chemically reactive groups are terminal groups; and/or
Wherein in particular the reactive hot melt adhesive is selected from (i) reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking Polyurethanes (PURs), preferably isocyanate-functional and/or isocyanate-containing polyurethanes, preferably isocyanate-terminated polyurethanes; (ii) Reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking, polyolefins (PORs), preferably silane-functionalized and/or silane-containing polyolefins, preferably silane-grafted polyolefins; (iii) Reactive, in particular radiation-crosslinking, preferably UV-crosslinking, of poly (meth) acrylates, preferably urethane-functional and/or urethane-functional poly (meth) acrylates; and combinations thereof, in particular preferably selected from (i) reactive, in particular moisture-crosslinking Polyurethanes (PURs), preferably isocyanate-functional and/or isocyanate-containing polyurethanes, preferably terminal isocyanate polyurethanes, and combinations thereof.
52. The method of claim 49 or 50,
wherein the hot melt adhesive is a non-reactive hot melt adhesive, in particular a thermoplastic non-reactive hot melt adhesive,
wherein in particular the non-reactive hot melt adhesive is selected from: (i) ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA polymer); (ii) a (meth) acrylate; (iii) Polyolefins (PO), in particular Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and random polyolefin (APAO); (iv) Polyurethane (PU); (v) a Polyamide (PA); (vi) Polyester (PES); (vii) ethylene acrylate; and combinations thereof, more preferably selected from (i) ethylene acetate (EVA polymer); (ii) a (meth) acrylate; (iii) a Polyolefin (PO); and combinations thereof.
53. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the thermoplastic resin strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic resin strands further contains at least one further ingredient, preferably selected from antioxidants, catalysts, resins, waxes, fillers, wetting agents, rheology modifiers, stabilizers, flame retardants, dyes, lubricants, plasticizers and mixtures thereof.
54. The method according to any one of claims 1-53,
wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands comprises at least one inorganic and/or organic filler,
Wherein in particular the filler is selected from the group consisting of inorganic oxides, silicates, carbonates, sulphates, hydroxides and mixtures and combinations thereof, preferably from the group consisting of alumina, silica, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides, titanium oxides, iron oxides and mixtures and combinations thereof; and/or
Wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, contain a filler content of at most 20%, in particular at most 10%, preferably 5%, more preferably 2%, very preferably 1% by weight; and/or
Wherein in particular the filler comprises an average particle size, in particular an average particle size, preferably an average particle size D50 of 3 μm to 20. Mu.m, preferably 3.5 μm to 15. Mu.m, more preferably 4 μm to 10. Mu.m, most preferably 5 μm to 10. Mu.m.
55. The method according to any one of claims 1-53,
wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands are at least substantially free of filler, in particular at least substantially free of inorganic filler, and/or wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands are at least free of filler, in particular free of inorganic filler.
56. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the thermoplastic strands and/or the material of the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic polymer and/or the hot melt adhesive, have at least one of the following properties:
the process temperature is 60-300 ℃, especially 70-280 ℃, preferably 80-250 ℃; and/or
The softening range and/or softening temperature is from 30 ℃ to 200 ℃, in particular from 40 ℃ to 180 ℃, preferably from 50 ℃ to 150 ℃, in particular determined according to DIN en iso 306:2014; and/or
Shore hardness, in particular shore A, in particular at 20℃of 20 to 100, in particular 25 to 95, preferably 30 to 90, in particular in accordance with DIN EN ISO 868:2003; and/or
The glass transition temperature Tg is from-50℃to 0℃and in particular from-40℃to-5℃and preferably from-25℃to-10℃and in particular is determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 11357-2:2020; and/or
Melt flow index, determined in particular according to DIN EN ISO 1133-1:2012, of 1g/10min to 200g/10min, in particular 5g/10min to 150g/10min, preferably 10g/10min to 100g/10 min; and/or
Density, in particular at 20 ℃, of 0.7-2g/cm 3 In particular 0.8-1.9g/cm 3 Preferably 0.85-1.8g/cm 3 In particular according to DIN EN ISO 2811-1:2016; and/or
Viscosity, in particular at 120℃to 200℃of 2000 to 200000mPas, in particular 2200 to 190000mPas, preferably 2500 to 180000mPas, in particular DIN EN ISO 2555:2018; and/or
Open waiting times, in particular at a temperature of 170℃to 200℃and a film thickness of 90 μm to 200. Mu.m, of 1 to 20s, in particular 1 to 15s, preferably 1 to 12s; and/or
The reaction time, in particular in the case of the reactive material of the thermoplastic resin strands, in particular in the case of the reactive plastic polymer and/or the reactive hotmelt adhesive, is from 0.1 to 20 days, in particular from 0.5 to 18 days, preferably from 1 to 17 days, in particular determined using infrared spectroscopy, in particular ATR infrared spectroscopy.
57. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the plastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular the plastic polymer and/or the hot melt adhesive, have at least one of the following properties in the non-flowing and/or solid (solidified) and/or at least partially cured state:
peel strength (90℃peel test or T-peel test), 10 to 200N/cm, in particular 30 to 175N/cm, preferably 50 to 150N/cm, in particular according to DIN EN 1464:2010, determining; and/or
Shear Strength (shear value), 1N/mm 2 -40 N/mm 2 In particular 2N/mm 2 -35 N/mm 2 Preferably 5N/mm 2 -30 N/mm 2 In particular according to DIN EN 1465:2009 determination; and/or
The loss range (tan. Delta. Or tan. Delta.) is in particular from 0.01 to 100, in particular from 0.05 to 90, preferably from 0.1 to 80, determined at a temperature of from-20℃to 150℃and a frequency of 1 Hz; and/or
Storage modulus (G'), defined as 1.multidot.10 at a temperature of 25 DEG C 5 Pa-1·10 9 Pa, especially 1.10 5 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, preferably 1.10 6 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Storage modulus (G') determined to be 1 Pa-1.10 at a temperature of 150 DEG C 3 Pa, especially 10 Pa-1.10 3 Pa, preferably 10 Pa-1.10 2 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Loss modulus (G') determined to be 1.10 at a temperature of 25 DEG C 3 Pa-1·10 9 Pa, especially 1.10 4 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, preferably 1.10 5 Pa-1·10 8 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Loss modulus (G') determined to be 1 pa-1.10 at a temperature of 150 DEG C 4 Pa, especially 10 Pa-1.10 4 Pa, preferably 10 Pa-1.10 3 Pa, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 6721-1: 2019; and/or
Elastic modulus (stress-strain) determined to be 1N/mm at a temperature of 25 DEG C 2 -5000N/mm 2 In particular 100N/mm 2 -4000 N/mm 2 Preferably 1000N/mm 2 -2500 N/mm 2 In particular according to DIN EN ISO 527-1:2019 and/or DIN EN ISO 527-2: 2012.
58. The method according to any of the preceding claims,
wherein the composite material has at least one of the following properties:
waterproof properties of 3 to 5, in particular 4 to 5, in particular determined according to Ikea TM 0002; and/or
Heat resistance, determined in particular according to Ikea TM 0002, of 3 to 5, in particular 4 to 5; and/or
Moisture weather resistance, in particular as determined according to AMK module 2merkblatt 005 (month 2015), is at least substantially free of visually detectable and/or visible changes in the composite material and/or edge coating; and/or
Resistance to alternating weather, in particular determined according to AMK module 3 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), at least substantially no visually detectable and/or visible change in the composite material and/or edge coating; and/or
Water vapor resistance, particularly as determined from AMK module 1 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), is at least substantially free of visually detectable and/or visible changes in the composite and/or edge coating; and/or
Uv resistance, 3-5, in particular 4-5, preferably 5, according to gray scale and/or 6-8, in particular 7-8, preferably 8, according to blue scale (wool scale), in particular according to DIN EN ISO 4892-2:2013 and/or according to DIN EN 15187:2006 determination.
59. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 58,
wherein the plate-shaped substrate is first guided along and/or past a production device (a) and/or an application and/or fixing device (B) in order to produce and/or apply and/or fix the plate-shaped substrate of the thermoplastic strands, in particular along the combined production and application and/or fixing device, in particular according to method steps (a) and/or (B), and is then guided along and/or past the printing and/or ink application device (C) in order to apply printing on the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular according to method step (C).
60. The method according to claim 59,
wherein the apparatus (A, B, C) is arranged in a combined process section or system line and/or a combined process space (system space);
or alternatively
Wherein the device (A, B, C), in particular the production device (a) and/or the application and/or fixing device (B), is preferably on the one hand the combined production and application and/or fixing device and on the other hand the printing and/or ink application device (C), is arranged in a process section or system line and/or process space (system space) which are separate from each other.
61. The method according to any one of claims 1-58,
wherein, in particular according to method steps (a) and/or (a'), the substrate is first guided along and/or through the production device (a) and/or substrate application and/or fixation device, in particular the combined production and carrier application or fixation device, and the thermoplastic strands produced are applied and/or fixed on the carrier and subsequently guided along and/or through the printing and/or ink application device (C) in order to apply printing on the thermoplastic strands, in particular according to method step (C), wherein the carrier is subsequently removed and the plate-shaped substrate is guided along and/or through the application and/or fixation device (B) in order to apply and/or fix the thermoplastic strands on the substrate, in particular according to method step (B).
62. The method according to claim 61,
wherein the apparatus (A, B, C) is arranged in a combined process section or system line and/or a combined process space (process space);
or alternatively
Wherein the device (A, B, C), in particular the production device (A) and the printing and/or ink application device (C), on the one hand, the application and/or fixing device (B), on the other hand, or, in particular, the production device (A), on the other hand, the printing and/or ink application device (C) and the application and/or fixing device (B), are arranged in a process section or system line which is separate from one another and/or in a process space (process space) which is separate from one another.
63. System (device), in particular for edge coating (narrow side coating ) of a particular plate-shaped substrate (material substrate), preferably a plate-shaped wood and/or furniture part, preferably for applying an edge coating to at least one edge (narrow side ) of a particular plate-shaped substrate, preferably a plate-shaped wood and/or furniture part, preferably for performing a method according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the system comprises the following components and/or devices:
(A) At least one production device (a), in particular for producing thermally bonded (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, preferably in the form of an edge strip, and/or for carrying out method step (a);
(B) At least one application and/or fixing device (B), in particular for applying and/or fixing the thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, on the particular platy substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face) of the platy substrate, in particular such that an edge coating (narrow side coating, narrow face coating) of the particular platy substrate is produced and/or a composite material of the particular platy substrate with an edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto is produced, and/or method step (B) is performed;
(C) At least one printing and/or ink application device (C), in particular for applying a printing to the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or to the plastic film and/or to the edge coating, and/or for carrying out method step (C).
64. The system according to claim 63,
wherein the production device (a) and the application and/or fixation device (B) may be combined or configured as a combined production and application and/or fixation device.
65. The system of claim 63 or 64,
wherein the production device (a), the application and/or fixing device (B), in particular the combined production and application and/or fixing device and the printing and/or ink application device (C), are connected and/or arranged continuously downstream in the process direction in the specified order and/or in the process direction.
66. The system of claim 63 or 64,
wherein the production device (A), the printing and/or ink application device (C) and the application and/or fixing device (B) are connected and/or arranged downstream in the process direction in a specified order and/or continuously in the process direction.
67. The system of any of claims 63-66,
Wherein the production device (a), the application and/or fixing device (B), in particular the combined production and application or fixing device and the printing and/or ink application device (C), are arranged in a combined process section or system line and/or a combined process space (process space), or wherein the production device (a), the application and/or fixing device (B), in particular the combined production and application or fixing device (AB) and the printing and/or ink application device (C), are arranged in particular at least partially in process sections or system lines which are different and/or separated from each other and/or process spaces (process spaces) which are different and/or separated from each other.
68. The system of any of claims 63-67,
wherein the production device (a) and the application and/or fixing device (B) on the one hand and the printing and/or ink application device (C) on the other hand are respectively arranged in a process section or a system line and/or in a process space (process space) which is separate from each other, or wherein the production device (a) and the printing and/or ink application device (C) on the one hand and the application and/or fixing device (B) on the other hand are respectively arranged in a process section or a system line which is separate from each other and/or in a process space (process space) which is separate from each other.
69. The system of any one of claims 63-68,
wherein the printing and/or ink application device (C) comprises at least one printing and/or ink application apparatus, in particular a plurality of printing and/or ink application apparatuses, wherein in particular the plurality of printing and/or ink application apparatuses are connected and/or arranged one after the other in a downstream process direction and/or in an upstream process direction; and/or
Wherein the printing and/or ink application device (C) comprises at least one drying apparatus, in particular a plurality of drying apparatuses, in particular for drying and/or curing, in particular UV curing, a respective previously applied printing ink, wherein in particular the respective drying apparatus is arranged downstream in the process direction with respect to the respective printing and/or ink application apparatus or downstream in the process direction with respect thereto; and/or
Wherein the printing and/or ink application device (C) comprises at least one varnish application means, in particular for applying a preferably transparent and/or translucent finish and/or sealing layer, in particular based on and/or using at least one (transparent) varnish, wherein in particular the varnish application means is arranged downstream with respect to the printing and/or ink application means in the process direction and/or downstream with respect thereto in the process direction, and/or wherein in particular at least one (further) drying means is arranged downstream in the process direction or downstream with respect to the coating application means in the process direction, in particular for drying and/or curing and/or setting the gloss and/or the matt of the applied (transparent) coating and/or for producing a structured coating surface and/or a structured coating surface.
70. The system of any one of claims 63-69,
wherein the system comprises at least one surface treatment device, in particular for treating, preferably smoothing, the surface of the thermoplastic strands and/or the edge coating, in particular wherein the surface treatment device is configured as a smoothing, grinding, milling, calibrating, cutting and/or polishing device, and/or in particular wherein the surface treatment device is arranged upstream of the printing and/or ink application device (C) in the process direction and/or is connected upstream thereof in the process direction.
71. -a board-like substrate (material substrate), in particular board-like wood and/or furniture parts, wherein the substrate comprises on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, applied and/or fastened thereto and in particular provided with an edge coating, wherein the substrate is obtainable and/or obtained by a method according to one of the preceding claims.
72. A board-shaped substrate (material substrate), in particular a board-shaped wood and/or furniture part, wherein the substrate comprises, on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face), thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, applied and/or fastened thereto and in particular provided with an edge coating, in particular a substrate according to claim 71,
Wherein the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic profile strands or the plastic film, and/or the edge coating is at least substantially free of filler, and/or wherein the thermoplastic strands, in particular the plastic profile strands or the plastic film, and/or the edge coating is at least substantially free of filler.
73. A board-shaped substrate (material substrate), in particular a board-shaped wood and/or furniture part, wherein the substrate comprises, on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face), thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, applied and/or fastened thereto and in particular provided with an edge coating, in particular a substrate according to claim 71 or 72,
wherein the plate-like substrate comprises and/or is configured as a composite material having an edge coating applied and/or immobilized on the substrate, wherein the composite material has at least one of the following properties:
waterproof properties, 3-5, in particular 4-5, in particular determined according to Ikea TM 0002; and/or
Heat resistance, 3-5, in particular 4-5, in particular according to Ikea TM 0002; and/or
Moisture weather resistance, in particular as determined according to AMK module 2merkblatt 005 (month 2015), is at least substantially free of visually detectable and/or visible changes in the composite material and/or the edge coating; and/or
Resistance to alternating weather, in particular determined according to AMK module 3 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), at least substantially no visually detectable and/or visible change in the composite material and/or the edge coating; and/or
Water vapor resistance, particularly as determined from AMK module 1 data sheet 005 (month 4 2015), is at least substantially free of visually detectable and/or visible changes in the composite and/or edge coating; and/or
Uv resistance, 3-5, in particular 4-5, preferably 5, according to gray scale and/or 6-8, in particular 7-8, preferably 8, according to blue scale (wool scale), in particular according to DIN EN ISO 4892-2:2013 and/or according to DIN EN 15187:2006 determination.
74. The substrate according to any one of claims 71-73,
wherein the edge coating of the platy substrate is formed entirely of the thermoplastic strands, and/or wherein the thermoplastic strands form the sole edge coating of the specific platy substrate, and/or wherein the specific platy substrate does not comprise further edge strips, in particular does not comprise conventional edge strips, preferably does not comprise edge strips that can be applied and/or secured using an adhesive, other than the thermoplastic strands.
75. The substrate according to any one of claims 71-74,
wherein the substrate is a material part for furniture, in particular for tables, such as desk and/or table, cabinet, shelf and/or kitchen elements; and/or wherein the substrate is a table top, in particular a desk top and/or a table top, a cabinet top, a shelf top and/or a (kitchen) countertop and/or a door etc., preferably a (kitchen) countertop.
76. Application of thermally bonded thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, preferably in the form of edge strips, for edge coating (narrow side coating, narrow top coating) of substrates, in particular board-like substrates (material substrates), preferably board-like wood and/or furniture parts, in a method according to one of claims 1 to 62.
77. The application of thermally bonded (hot-melt) thermoplastic strands, in particular plastic profile strands or plastic films, preferably in the form of edge strips, edge coatings (narrow-side coatings ) for specific panel-shaped substrates (material substrates), preferably panel-shaped wood and/or furniture parts, preferably for applying an edge coating to at least one edge (narrow side ) of a panel-shaped substrate, preferably panel-shaped wood and/or furniture parts,
Wherein the thermoplastic strands are applied and/or fixed to a specific plate-like substrate, in particular on at least one edge (narrow side, narrow face) of the plate-like substrate, preferably by application and material bonding and/or permanent fixation, in particular such that an edge coating (narrow side coating, narrow face coating) of the specific plate-like substrate and/or a composite material of the specific plate-like substrate with an edge coating applied and/or fixed thereto is produced, and
wherein a printing is applied to the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or to the plastic film and/or to the edge coating before or after the thermoplastic strands, in particular to the plastic profile strands or to the plastic film and/or to the edge coating are applied and/or fixed.
78. The system and/or the device according to any one of claims 63-70, the plate-like substrate according to any one of claims 71-75, and/or the use according to claim 76 or 77, characterized by one or more of the features of claims 1-62.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021117136.9 | 2021-07-02 | ||
| DE102021120894.7 | 2021-08-11 | ||
| DE102021122622.8A DE102021122622A1 (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-01 | Edge coating of, in particular, plate-shaped substrates |
| DE102021122622.8 | 2021-09-01 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/062926 WO2023274613A1 (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2022-05-12 | Edge coating of substrates, especially plate-shaped substrates |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117858787A true CN117858787A (en) | 2024-04-09 |
Family
ID=90531490
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280052159.0A Pending CN117858787A (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2022-05-12 | Edge coating of substrates, in particular plate-shaped substrates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117858787A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-05-12 CN CN202280052159.0A patent/CN117858787A/en active Pending
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