CN117848559A - Landslide thrust monitoring device, assembly and monitoring method - Google Patents
Landslide thrust monitoring device, assembly and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a landslide thrust monitoring device, a landslide thrust monitoring assembly and a landslide thrust monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of measuring devices. The invention specifically comprises a pile body and at least one thrust monitoring unit, wherein the thrust monitoring unit is arranged on the side surface of the pile body, the thrust monitoring unit comprises a shell, a force sensing diaphragm, a support and a first fiber bragg grating, the force sensing diaphragm is connected with the shell, the force sensing diaphragm is connected with two supports, the supports are arranged in the shell, the first fiber bragg grating is respectively connected with the two supports, the first fiber bragg grating between the two supports is in a stretched state, and the shell is connected with the pile body. The invention is provided with the force sensing diaphragm, the landslide force is fed back through the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm, and the landslide force can be calculated through the change of the grating wavelength, and the force sensing diaphragm only receives the action of the landslide force, so that the landslide force calculated through the grating wavelength is more accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring devices, and particularly provides a landslide thrust monitoring device, a landslide thrust monitoring assembly and a landslide thrust monitoring method.
Background
Landslide is a common geological disaster, and landslide monitoring and early warning are particularly important for reducing the damage of landslide. At present, landslide monitoring is mainly based on geometric monitoring, physical monitoring and external disturbance factor monitoring, such as deformation displacement monitoring, groundwater monitoring, rainfall monitoring and the like. Whether the landslide occurs or not is determined by the balance state change between the sliding surface 'sliding force' and the 'anti-sliding force', and if the sliding force exceeds the anti-sliding force, the sliding surface is penetrated so as to generate the landslide. Therefore, the slope monitoring and early warning method based on the mechanical index is expected to have better advance than the traditional slope deformation monitoring and early warning method. In this respect, researchers have made research and study on the literature "landslide geological disaster remote monitoring and forecasting system and engineering application thereof, he Manchao et al, rock mechanics and engineering report, volume 28 in 6, month 6 in 2009", newton force double-body catastrophe model, explaining the mechanical mode of the side slope from deformation to catastrophe, in literature "landslide geological disaster Newton force remote monitoring and early warning system and engineering application, rock mechanics and engineering report, volume 40 in 11, month 11 in 2021", he Manchao et al further propose landslide catastrophe Newton force monitoring and early warning technology, the technology includes a Negative Poisson Ratio (NPR) constant resistance large deformation anchor cable, a stress sensor, a data collector and a data transmitting device data receiving end, during monitoring, the NPR anchor cable is anchored in bedrock and prestressed, the stress sensor is installed at the end of the NPR anchor cable, newton force drop phenomenon occurs in the temporary slip, and landslide early warning is realized by monitoring the change of Newton force capturing force of the anchor cable stress.
However, the newton force is monitored using a conventional electrical cable force gauge through which the cable force is measured. When the anchor rope is tensioned and embedded into the anchor rod in the stratum, the sensor can only measure the whole stress of the anchor rope, the stress of the anchor rope is the tension applied to the anchor rope by the outside for tensioning the anchor rod, and when the stress of the anchor rope changes, the landslide force changes, and the landslide phenomenon possibly occurs. Therefore, the whole stress of the anchor cable is detected, the landslide force can not be accurately monitored, whether the landslide force is changed or not can only be monitored, and accurate reinforcement treatment can not be carried out on the landslide according to the landslide force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a landslide thrust monitoring device, a landslide thrust monitoring assembly and a landslide thrust monitoring method, which are used for solving the problem that landslide force cannot be accurately obtained in the prior art, so that reinforcement treatment cannot be accurately carried out on a side slope.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a landslide thrust monitoring device, includes pile body and at least one thrust monitoring unit, the thrust monitoring unit set up in the pile body side, the thrust monitoring unit includes casing, sensing diaphragm, support and first fiber bragg grating, sensing diaphragm with the casing is connected, sensing diaphragm and two leg joints, the support sets up in the casing is inside, first fiber bragg grating respectively with two leg joints, two first fiber bragg grating between the support is in the state of being in a straight, the casing with the pile body coupling.
In this scheme, adopt thrust monitoring unit's sense diaphragm response landslide force to with the deflection of sense diaphragm is turned into to the landslide force, and when sense diaphragm takes place deformation, the inboard two support intervals of sense diaphragm can increase, thereby tensile and two support-connected first fiber bragg grating, after first fiber bragg grating receives the extension, the grating wavelength of first fiber bragg grating conduction then can change. Therefore, the landslide force can be calculated through the wavelength change of the first fiber grating. Only the force sensing diaphragm is just opposite to the landslide direction in the installation process, and other acting forces of the stratum can act on the shell, but not act on the force sensing diaphragm. Therefore, the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm can accurately reflect the landslide force, and the accurate landslide force can be obtained through the wavelength change of the first fiber bragg grating.
Each thrust monitoring unit is arranged along the axial direction of the pile body.
In this scheme, when being provided with the thrust monitoring unit more than two on the pile body, set up each thrust monitoring unit along the axis direction of pile body. When the pile body is inserted into the slope body at a vertical or inclined angle, the landslide force of different depths of the slope body can be obtained through each thrust monitoring unit in the axial direction. And more than two thrust monitoring units are arranged, so that the landslide force of the stratum with different depths can be monitored, and the landslide force distribution state of the stratum with different depths can be obtained.
The pile body is internally provided with a fiber channel, the fiber channel is axially arranged along the pile body, the first fiber grating is connected with external equipment through a cable, and the cable is arranged in the fiber channel.
In this scheme, set up fiber channel in the stake body, can be convenient for walk the line with the cable that first light grating is connected, avoid cable and stratum contact, avoid the cable to receive stratum effort and damage.
The thrust monitoring unit further comprises a second fiber bragg grating, and the second fiber bragg grating is arranged in the shell.
In the scheme, when the ambient temperature changes, the grating wavelengths in the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating change, and the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating are positioned in the shell, so that the influence of the temperature on the grating wavelengths can be determined through the change of the grating wavelengths in the second fiber bragg grating. Therefore, when the landslide force is calculated through the first fiber grating, errors caused by environmental temperature changes can be eliminated through grating wavelength changes of the second fiber grating, and the accuracy of the obtained landslide force is improved.
The pile body surface is provided with a stress sensing unit for monitoring the stress state of the pile body.
In the scheme, a stress sensing unit is arranged to monitor the stress born by the pile body, so as to obtain whether the pile body is in a landslide force bearing state. If the pile body is broken, the landslide force applied to the thrust monitoring unit on the pile body is inaccurate. Therefore, when the state of the pile body is determined through the stress sensing unit, the pile body is prevented from being damaged, and the wrong landslide force is calculated.
The pile body is provided with a through groove, the through groove is axially arranged, and the stress sensing unit is arranged in the through groove.
In the scheme, the stress sensing unit is arranged in the through groove, so that the stress sensing unit can be prevented from being damaged due to the action of stratum. The through groove is axially arranged along the pile body, so that each position of the pile body can be monitored, and whether the numerical value obtained by the thrust monitoring unit on each position of the pile body is accurate or not can be judged conveniently.
The pile body stress sensing unit comprises a third optical fiber carved with at least one grating.
In this scheme, the state of pile body is reflected through the grating wavelength change that conducts in the third optic fibre, can adopt the same system to calculate with thrust monitoring unit, improves the commonality, reduces the monitoring degree of difficulty.
The landslide thrust monitoring assembly comprises the monitoring device, wherein the two ends of the pile body of the monitoring device are provided with the connectable connectors, and the connectors are used for being connected with other monitoring devices or fixed piles.
In this scheme, by the monitoring module that at least one monitoring device and spud are constituteed, can be according to the landslide surface degree of depth equipment monitoring module of the slope body, can assemble one or more monitoring devices on the monitoring module to ensure that monitoring device can run through the landslide surface, thereby monitor each position of landslide surface. The monitoring device can be assembled into any length according to the requirement, so that the length of a single monitoring device can be reduced, the transportation is convenient, and the cost is reduced.
A landslide thrust monitoring method uses the landslide thrust monitoring component to monitor, comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the number of monitoring components required by a slope;
s2, embedding a monitoring assembly into the side slope, so that a thrust monitoring unit on the monitoring assembly is opposite to the sliding direction of the side slope;
s3, penetrating a monitoring device in the monitoring assembly through the landslide surface of the side slope;
s4, converting landslide force into deformation of the force sensing diaphragm by adopting the force sensing diaphragm;
s5, respectively arranging two brackets on the force sensing diaphragm, and converting the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm into the change of the distance between the two brackets;
s6, respectively connecting the first fiber grating with two brackets, changing the distance between the two brackets, stretching the first fiber grating to change the grating wavelength of the first fiber grating, and receiving and recording the grating wavelength change of the first fiber grating;
s7, receiving and recording grating wavelength change of the second fiber grating, and obtaining influence of the ambient temperature on the grating wavelength;
s8, calculating a thrust value of the landslide force according to the grating wavelength change of the first fiber grating and the grating wavelength change of the second fiber grating.
In the scheme, the force sensing diaphragm is adopted to convert landslide force into deformation of the force sensing diaphragm, the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm is converted into distance change of the two supports, and finally the distance change of the two supports is converted into stretching quantity of the first fiber bragg grating. The force sensing diaphragm is opposite to the landslide direction, and the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm only receives the landslide force, so that when the landslide force is calculated through the first light grating, an accurate thrust value of the landslide force can be obtained.
And a third optical fiber is arranged along the axis direction of the monitoring device, at least one grating is arranged on the third optical fiber, the change of the grating wavelength in the third optical fiber is monitored, and whether the signal obtained by the monitoring device is accurate or not is judged.
In the scheme, the state of the monitoring device can be determined through the change of the grating wavelength conducted by the third optical fiber, so that whether the state of the monitoring device is stable and reliable or not is determined.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is provided with a force sensing diaphragm, the landslide force is fed back through the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm, the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm is converted into the distance change of the two brackets by arranging the two brackets on the force sensing diaphragm, and the distance change of the brackets is reflected by adopting the grating wavelength change of the first fiber grating. The landslide force can be calculated through the change of the grating wavelength, and the landslide force calculated through the grating wavelength is more accurate and reliable because the force sensing diaphragm only receives the landslide force.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pile body according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an internal structure of a housing according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bottom cover structure according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a top cover structure according to an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a construction state structure according to a fourth embodiment.
In the above figures, corresponding reference numerals are as follows:
1. a pile body; 2. a through groove; 3. a third optical fiber; 4. a bottom cover; 5. a force sensing membrane; 6. a housing; 7. a top cover; 8. an internal thread; 9. a fixing hole; 10. an external thread; 11. a through hole; 12. a first fiber grating; 13. a bracket; 14. a second fiber bragg grating; 15. a hole; 16. a flange plate; 17. a landslide surface; 18. an optical cable; 19. a fiber grating demodulation device; 20. a workstation; 21. and (5) fixing piles.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described through the specific implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention with the help of the attached drawings.
In a first embodiment of the present invention,
as shown in fig. 1, the first embodiment provides a landslide thrust monitoring device, which includes a pile body 1 and a thrust monitoring unit disposed on a side surface of the pile body 1. Along the axis direction of the pile body 1, the side surface of the pile body 1 is provided with at least one thrust monitoring unit. The thrust monitoring unit comprises a shell 6, a force sensing diaphragm 5, a first fiber bragg grating 12, a second fiber bragg grating 14 and two supports 13, wherein the shell 6 is detachably connected with the pile body 1, the edge of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is connected with the shell 6, the two supports 13 are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the force sensing diaphragm 5, the first fiber bragg grating 12 is respectively connected with the two supports 13, the first fiber bragg grating 12 between the two supports 13 is in a tightening state, and when the distance between the two supports 13 is changed, the first fiber bragg grating 12 can be stretched immediately. The second fiber bragg grating 14 is disposed in the housing 6, and the second fiber bragg grating 14 and the first fiber bragg grating 12 are in the same ambient temperature.
The pile body 1 is internally provided with a fiber channel, the first fiber grating 12 and the second fiber grating 14 are respectively connected with external equipment through cables, and the cables can be routed from the fiber channel. The cable is walked the line from the fibre channel in can avoid external soil layer contact, avoids the cable to damage and influence signal transmission, ensures that the signal that the cable transmitted is accurate reliable. The fiber channel penetrates through the pile body 1 along the axial direction, and cables led out by the first fiber grating 12 and the second fiber grating 14 can extend from the upper end and the lower end of the fiber channel and can be connected with external equipment from the end part of the pile body 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the pile body 1 is provided with a fixing hole 9, the casing 6 is connected with the fixing hole 9, the fixing hole 9 is communicated with the optical fiber channel, and a cable led out by the first optical fiber grating 12 and the second optical fiber grating 14 in the casing 6 can enter the optical fiber channel from the fixing hole 9.
The shell 6 is of a cylindrical structure, the shell 6 is provided with external threads, the fixing hole 9 is provided with internal threads, and the shell 6 is connected with the fixing hole 9 through threads. The threaded connection allows the housing 6 to be replaced, or the entire thrust monitoring unit to be replaced, which reduces the maintenance costs of the entire thrust monitoring device.
The shell 6 and the fixing hole 9 may be connected by welding, etc., but the welding is inconvenient to replace.
As shown in fig. 3, a threaded hole is formed in the end face of the housing 6, the force sensing diaphragm 5 is fixedly connected with the threaded hole through a fastener such as a stud, and the force sensing diaphragm 5 and the housing 6 are fixed through the fastener. When the force of landslide is applied, the force sensing diaphragm 5 deforms towards the inside of the shell 6, after the force sensing diaphragm 5 deforms, the distance between the two brackets 13 positioned on the force sensing diaphragm 5 changes, the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is converted into the distance between the two brackets 13, and the measurement of the landslide force is facilitated. The first fiber bragg grating 12 is respectively connected with the two brackets 13, and the first fiber bragg grating 12 between the two brackets 13 is kept straight. When the force sensing diaphragm 5 is subjected to landslide force, the middle part of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is firstly sunken towards the inside of the shell 6, at the moment, the two brackets 13 swing outwards, the distance between the two brackets 13 is increased, and the first fiber bragg grating 12 is stretched. When the first fiber bragg grating 12 is stretched, the wavelength of the light conducted in the first fiber bragg grating 12 is changed, and the landslide force can be calculated reversely by observing the change of the grating wavelength in the first fiber bragg grating 12.
The second fiber bragg grating 14 is further arranged in the shell 6, the second fiber bragg grating 14 is positioned in the shell 6, and the second fiber bragg grating 14 cannot be stretched after the force sensing diaphragm 5 deforms. When the ambient temperature changes, both the first fiber grating 12 and the second fiber grating 14 are affected by the ambient temperature, and the grating wavelength conducted by both the first fiber grating 12 and the second fiber grating 14 changes. Since the first fiber grating 12 and the second fiber grating 14 are in the same environment, the grating wavelength changes of the first fiber grating 12 and the second fiber grating 14 caused by the temperature changes are the same, and the grating wavelength changes of the first fiber grating 12 caused by the temperature factors can be determined through the grating wavelength changes of the second fiber grating 14, so that the influence of the environment temperature changes on the calculation of the landslide force thrust value is eliminated.
The calculation formula for calculating the thrust value of the landslide force according to the first fiber grating 12 is as follows:
in the above-mentioned formula(s),
f is the thrust value of landslide force;
actually measuring the grating wavelength for the first fiber grating 12;
an initial grating wavelength for the first fiber grating 12;
actually measuring the grating wavelength for the second fiber grating 14;
an initial grating wavelength for the second fiber grating 14;
k is the sensitivity coefficient of the thrust monitoring unit;
the sensitivity coefficient of the thrust monitoring unit, namely the coefficient of the relation between deformation and wavelength change generated when the force sensing diaphragm 5 is subjected to thrust, can be obtained through experimental tests.
In the above formula, the grating wavelength difference of the second fiber bragg grating 14 is a difference caused by temperature change, so that the grating wavelength difference of the second fiber bragg grating 14 is subtracted from the grating wavelength difference of the first fiber bragg grating 12, so that the grating wavelength difference caused by landslide force can be obtained, and the magnitude of the landslide force can be calculated.
The support 13 is connected with the middle part of the force sensing diaphragm 5, the support 13 is obliquely arranged relative to the force sensing diaphragm 5, and the two supports 13 form an splayed shape on the force sensing diaphragm 5. That is, the distance between the ends of the two brackets 13 connected to the force sensing diaphragm 5 is smaller than the distance between the ends of the two brackets 13 remote from the force sensing diaphragm 5.
Because the edge of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is connected with the shell 6, the edge of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is not easy to deform relative to the middle part of the force sensing diaphragm 5, when the force sensing diaphragm 5 is subjected to landslide force, the middle part of the force sensing diaphragm 5 deforms first, and the deformation amount of the middle part is maximum. Therefore, the bracket 13 is connected with the middle part of the force sensing diaphragm 5, the middle part of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is deformed firstly, the change of landslide force can be reflected more sensitively, and the thrust value of the landslide force can be obtained more accurately.
And the deformation quantity in the middle of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is the largest, then the bracket 13 is connected with the middle of the force sensing diaphragm 5, so that the distance between the brackets 13 is changed more when the force sensing diaphragm 5 is deformed, the distance between the brackets 13 is changed more, the accuracy is higher during calculation, and the change of the thrust value of landslide force can be reflected more accurately.
The two brackets 13 are arranged on the force sensing diaphragm 5 in a splayed shape, the first fiber bragg grating 12 is more convenient to fix in the arrangement mode, the distance between the two brackets 13 is increased in the splayed arrangement mode, the first fiber bragg grating 12 is installed in a larger space, the installation difficulty of the first fiber bragg grating 12 is reduced, and meanwhile, the length of the first fiber bragg grating 12 between the two brackets 13 is longer. The length of the first fiber grating 12 is longer, so that the stretchable amount of the first fiber grating 12 is larger, the wavelength change can be reflected more accurately in the stretching process, and the calculation accuracy is improved.
The force sensing membrane 5 is made of elastic materials, and after the whole device is taken out of the slope body, the force sensing membrane 5 made of the elastic materials can recover the shape under the action of self elasticity, so that the device can be reused.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the two ends of the pile body 1 are respectively provided with a top cover 7 and a bottom cover 4, the top cover 7 and the bottom cover 4 are respectively in threaded connection with the two ends of the pile body 1, the top cover 7 and the bottom cover 4 are respectively provided with at least one hole 15, a flange 16 is arranged in the hole 15, the flange 16 is used for connecting a cable in a fiber channel, the cable can be connected with an external optical cable 18 through the flange 16, the signal is conducted to an external workstation 20 through the optical cable 18, and the signal conducted by the optical cable 18 is analyzed at the workstation 20, so that the landslide force corresponding to the position of the pile body 1 is obtained through the change of the grating wavelength.
In a second embodiment of the present invention,
the second embodiment provides a landslide thrust monitoring device, which is different from the first embodiment in that the second embodiment further includes a stress sensing unit.
The stress sensing unit comprises a third optical fiber 3 engraved with at least one grating and a fixing member for fixing the third optical fiber 3. The third optical fiber 3 is arranged on the side wall of the pile body 1, and the third optical fiber 3 is arranged along the axial direction of the pile body 1. When the pile body 1 deforms, the third optical fiber 3 attached to the pile body 1 follows the deformation, the deformation of the third optical fiber 3 can lead to the change of the grating wavelength conducted in the third optical fiber 3, and the change of the grating wavelength can reflect the stress value received by the pile body 1.
The fixing piece for fixing the third optical fiber 3 may be glue, and the third optical fiber 3 is fixed on the side surface of the pile body 1 through glue.
The pile body 1 is provided with a through groove 2 on the surface, and the third optical fiber 3 is arranged in the through groove 2. The third optical fiber 3 is arranged in the through groove 2, so that the influence of stratum on the third optical fiber 3 is reduced, and the accuracy of stress measurement on the pile body 1 is improved.
The through groove 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the pile body 1 and penetrates through the pile body 1 along the axial direction.
When calculating the stress value of the pile body 1 according to the grating wavelength variation of the third optical fiber 3, the following formula can be adopted for calculation:
wherein,is stress fiber grating strain;
e is the elastic modulus of the pile body;
actually measuring grating wavelength for the third optical fiber 3;
the initial grating wavelength for the third fiber 3;
actually measuring the grating wavelength for the second fiber grating 14;
an initial grating wavelength for the second fiber grating 14;
K 1 the sensitivity coefficient of the stress monitoring unit;
K 1 can be obtained according to experimental tests.
In the use process, the influence caused by temperature can be eliminated according to the grating wavelength change of the second fiber grating 14 in the corresponding pile body 1, and the accuracy of stress monitoring is improved.
Through holes 11 are formed in two ends of the through groove 2, and the through holes 11 are communicated with the optical fiber channel, so that the third optical fiber 3 can enter the optical fiber channel through the through holes 11.
The third optical fiber 3 and the pile body 1 cooperatively deform, when the pile body 1 is damaged, the third optical fiber 3 is also damaged, at the moment, the monitoring data of the third optical fiber 3 is interrupted, and when the monitoring data of the third optical fiber 3 is interrupted, the calculated landslide force is inaccurate.
In a third embodiment of the present invention,
the third embodiment provides a landslide thrust monitoring assembly, which adopts the landslide thrust device according to at least one embodiment.
The third embodiment may be composed of two, three, four or more landslide thrust devices.
The two ends of the pile body 1 of the landslide thrust device are respectively provided with an internal thread 8 and an external thread 10 which are mutually matched, so that after the top cover 7 and the bottom cover 4 are removed, the two pile bodies 1 can be directly connected through the internal thread 8 and the external thread 10. After the two piles 1 are connected, the optical fiber channels in the two piles 1 are communicated, so that the first optical fiber grating 12 and the second optical fiber grating 14 can be connected with the flange 16 on the top pile 1. By means of assembly, the sliding surface 17 with different thickness can be assembled into any length according to the requirement, so that the part formed by the sliding thrust device can penetrate through the whole sliding surface 17, and the whole sliding surface 17 is monitored.
The slope surface 17 of the slope defines not one surface but a sliding stratum having a certain thickness, and sliding may occur at any position of the stratum, and thus the stratum is defined as the slope surface 17.
Since the landslide surface 17 is a layer of ground at a depth below the ground, no monitoring is required at locations outside the landslide surface 17. Therefore, the landslide thrust assembly further comprises a fixed pile 21, and both ends of the fixed pile 21 are respectively provided with an internal thread and an external thread, so that the fixed pile 21 can be directly connected with the pile body 1 of the landslide thrust device. The bottom end of the landslide thrust component is provided with a fixed pile 21, and the fixed pile 21 is fixedly connected with the stratum at the lower side of the landslide surface 17 to realize the position fixation of the whole landslide thrust component. At the upper side of the landslide surface 17, a fixed pile 21 is also connected with the pile body 1 of the landslide thrust device. That is, in the whole landslide thrust assembly, only the depth position of the landslide surface 17 is provided with the landslide thrust device, and other parts are all fixed piles 21, so that the cost can be reduced.
The hollow channel is arranged in the fixing pile 21, so that the optical cable 18 is convenient to route, and the optical cable 18 is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the stratum contacts and presses the optical cable 18.
The fixed pile 21 positioned at the lowest end of the landslide thrust assembly can be provided with a plug to prevent substances such as soil and the like from entering the hollow channel.
The third embodiment is also applicable to the second embodiment.
In a fourth embodiment of the present invention,
the fourth embodiment provides a landslide thrust monitoring method, which adopts the landslide thrust assembly described in the third embodiment.
As shown in fig. 6, the method comprises the steps of:
s1, determining the number of monitoring components required by a slope, wherein the number of the monitoring components is determined by the thickness, the position and the monitoring requirement of a slope surface 17;
s2, determining the sliding direction of the slope body according to engineering geological survey, and when the monitoring assembly is buried in the slope opening hole, fixing the monitoring assembly through a steel wire rope and then lowering the monitoring assembly into the hole, so that a thrust monitoring unit on the monitoring assembly is opposite to the sliding direction of the slope, and determining the position of the monitoring assembly through confirming the length of the steel wire rope in the lowering process, so that the monitoring assembly can penetrate through the slope surface; the thrust monitoring unit is ensured to be opposite to the landslide direction, the accuracy of signals fed back by the thrust monitoring unit can be ensured, and the accuracy of the calculated thrust value of the landslide force can be ensured;
s3, penetrating a monitoring device in the monitoring assembly through the slope surface 17 of the slope; after the depth range of the landslide face 17 is determined, a proper number of landslide thrust devices are assembled on the landslide thrust assembly, and the landslide faces 17 with different depths are monitored through the landslide thrust devices, so that the monitoring accuracy is improved;
s4, converting landslide force into deformation of the force sensing diaphragm 5 by adopting the force sensing diaphragm 5; when the landslide force acts on the force sensing diaphragm 5, the force sensing diaphragm 5 is extruded to deform into the shell 6, and the larger the landslide force is, the larger the deformation amount of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is, and the smaller the landslide force is, the smaller the deformation amount of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is. Therefore, the magnitude of the landslide force can be accurately reflected by the deformation amount of the force sensing diaphragm 5. The force sensing diaphragm 5 is opposite to the landslide direction, and the acting force such as gravity from stratum acts on the shell 6, so that the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm 5 can accurately reflect the landslide force, and the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is prevented from being interfered by other factors;
s5, arranging two brackets 13 on the force sensing diaphragm 5 respectively, and converting the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm 5 into the change of the distance between the two brackets 13; the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is difficult to accurately measure, and after the two brackets 13 are arranged, the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm 5 can be reflected by the distance between the two brackets 13, so that the measurement is more convenient;
s6, respectively connecting the first fiber grating 12 with two brackets 13, changing the distance between the two brackets 13, stretching the first fiber grating 12 to change the grating wavelength of the first fiber grating 12, and receiving and recording the grating wavelength change of the first fiber grating 12; when the distance between the two brackets 13 is changed, the first fiber bragg grating 12 is stretched, the grating wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating 12 is changed, and whether the force sensing diaphragm 5 is deformed can be known by monitoring the change of the grating wavelength;
s7, receiving and recording grating wavelength change of the second fiber grating 14, and obtaining influence of the ambient temperature on the grating wavelength; the second fiber bragg grating 14 and the first fiber bragg grating 12 are both arranged in the shell 6, so that the first fiber bragg grating 12 and the second fiber bragg grating 14 are positioned at the same environmental temperature, and when the grating wavelength is changed due to the change of the environmental temperature, the grating wavelength change of the second fiber bragg grating 14 and the first fiber bragg grating 12 is the same due to the change of the temperature; therefore, the error of the first fiber bragg grating 12 caused by the change of the ambient temperature can be determined through the second fiber bragg grating 14, and the inaccuracy of the calculated thrust value of the landslide force caused by the error of the ambient temperature is avoided;
s8, calculating a thrust value of landslide force according to the grating wavelength change of the first fiber grating 12 and the grating wavelength change of the second fiber grating 14; the fiber grating demodulation device 19 is adopted to transmit the obtained grating wavelength changes of the first fiber grating 12 and the second fiber grating 14 to the workstation 20, and the corresponding thrust value of the landslide force can be calculated at the workstation 20.
In the above steps, the third optical fiber 3 may be used to determine the state of the monitoring device or the monitoring assembly, so as to ensure that the bottom of the monitoring assembly is fixed with the stratum, the rock stratum, etc. under the landslide surface 17, thereby determining that the landslide force applied by the force sensing diaphragm 5 is accurate and reliable. The third optical fiber 3 is arranged on the side wall of the monitoring component along the axis direction, the grating is arranged on the third optical fiber 3, and the stress condition of the monitoring component can be calculated by monitoring the wavelength change of the grating conducted by the third optical fiber 3, so that the landslide force of the force sensing diaphragm 5 is ensured to be accurate and reliable.
Claims (10)
1. Landslide thrust monitoring device, its characterized in that includes pile body (1) and at least one thrust monitoring unit, thrust monitoring unit set up in pile body (1) side, thrust monitoring unit includes casing (6), sense power diaphragm (5), support (13) and first fiber bragg grating (12), sense power diaphragm (5) with casing (6) are connected, sense power diaphragm (5) are connected with two supports (13), support (13) set up in casing (6) inside, first fiber bragg grating (12) are connected with two supports (13) respectively, two first fiber bragg grating (12) between support (13) are in the state of being in tension, casing (6) with pile body (1) are connected.
2. Landslide thrust monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that each thrust monitoring unit is arranged in the axial direction of the pile body (1).
3. Landslide thrust monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pile body (1) is internally provided with a fiber channel, which is axially arranged along the pile body (1), and the first fiber grating (12) is connected with external equipment by a cable, which is arranged in the fiber channel.
4. Landslide thrust monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thrust monitoring unit further comprises a second fiber grating (14), which second fiber grating (14) is arranged in the housing (6).
5. Landslide thrust monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pile body (1) surface is provided with a stress sensing unit for detecting the deformation of the pile body (1).
6. Landslide thrust monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the pile body (1) is provided with a through groove (2), the through groove (2) is axially arranged, and the stress sensing unit is arranged in the through groove (2).
7. Landslide thrust monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the pile body (1) stress sensing unit comprises a third optical fiber (3) engraved with at least one grating.
8. Landslide thrust monitoring assembly, characterized in that it comprises a monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-7, the two ends of the pile body (1) of which are provided with connectable joints for connection with other monitoring devices or with a fixed pile (21).
9. A landslide thrust monitoring method characterized by using the monitoring assembly of claim 8 for monitoring, comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the number of monitoring components required by a slope;
s2, embedding a monitoring assembly into the side slope, so that a thrust monitoring unit on the monitoring assembly is opposite to the sliding direction of the side slope;
s3, penetrating a monitoring device in the monitoring assembly through a landslide surface (17) of the side slope;
s4, converting landslide force into deformation of the force sensing diaphragm (5) by adopting the force sensing diaphragm (5);
s5, arranging two brackets (13) on the force sensing diaphragm (5) respectively, and converting the deformation of the force sensing diaphragm (5) into the change of the distance between the two brackets (13);
s6, respectively connecting the first fiber grating (12) with two brackets (13), changing the distance between the two brackets (13), stretching the first fiber grating (12) to change the grating wavelength of the first fiber grating (12), and receiving and recording the grating wavelength change of the first fiber grating (12);
s7, receiving and recording grating wavelength change of the second fiber grating (14) to obtain influence of the ambient temperature on the grating wavelength;
s8, calculating a thrust value of the landslide force according to the grating wavelength change of the first fiber grating (12) and the grating wavelength change of the second fiber grating (14).
10. The landslide thrust monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that a third optical fiber (3) is arranged along the axis direction of the monitoring device, at least one grating is arranged on the third optical fiber (3), the change of the grating wavelength in the third optical fiber (3) is monitored, and whether the signal obtained by the monitoring device is accurate or not is judged.
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