CN117847956A - Marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device and method - Google Patents
Marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117847956A CN117847956A CN202311633672.1A CN202311633672A CN117847956A CN 117847956 A CN117847956 A CN 117847956A CN 202311633672 A CN202311633672 A CN 202311633672A CN 117847956 A CN117847956 A CN 117847956A
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- motor
- compression mechanism
- gas
- cooler
- outlet
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device and a marine evaporation gas reliquefaction method, wherein the device comprises an expansion mechanism, a motor, N-level compression mechanisms connected in series and a cooler arranged at the downstream of each-level compression mechanism, the motor is arranged between the expansion mechanism and the one-level compression mechanism, and the expansion mechanism, the motor and the N-level compression mechanisms connected in series are connected through a common rotating shaft; the outlet of the final stage cooler is sequentially connected with the backheating heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism and the user heat exchanger; the outlet of the final stage cooler is connected with the working medium inlet of the first stage compression mechanism and used for enabling part of outlet refrigerating working medium to serve as anti-surge bypass air; the compression mechanism and the expansion mechanism are respectively provided with a labyrinth sealing structure, and the isolated cooling gas of the labyrinth sealing structure is led from the refrigerating working medium cooled by the outlet of the final-stage compression mechanism. The invention has the advantages of simple flow, reliable function, less key equipment quantity, small occupied area, convenient control, low manufacturing cost, small maintenance investment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for reliquefaction of gas, in particular to a device and a method for reliquefaction of marine boil-off gas.
Background
The hydrogen and the natural gas have the advantages of cleanness, environmental protection, economy, high efficiency, flexibility, convenience, rich application scene and the like. In order to facilitate the storage and transportation of hydrogen and natural gas, the hydrogen and natural gas may be brought into a liquid state, i.e. liquid hydrogen and liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG), at a certain temperature and pressure, using compression and cooling methods, which is also the only option for ocean-going transportation.
The offshore liquid hydrogen and the LNG are transported on a large scale through a large liquid hydrogen transport ship and an LNG transport ship respectively, and due to the problems of heat leakage of a liquid cargo tank and the like in the transportation process, the liquid hydrogen and the LNG inevitably generate low-temperature liquid gasification, and boil-off gas, namely hydrogen and BOG is generated. With the increase of the amount of the boil-off gas, the temperature and the pressure of the cargo tank are gradually increased, which can threaten the safe operation of the liquid hydrogen and the LNG carrier. At present, a large amount of evaporated gas is usually used as fuel or directly emptied, so that the utilization rate is low, and a certain carbon emission is caused. Therefore, in order to reduce energy waste and economic loss, the boil-off gas needs to be re-liquefied and recovered.
However, the liquid hydrogen and LNG are low in temperature, the difficulty in liquefying the boil-off gas from normal temperature is high, if the conventional method is adopted for liquefying, the energy consumption is excessive, and the device process is complex. In addition, due to the problem of use, the marine boil-off gas reliquefaction device has many special requirements, such as: the equipment is simple and reliable, and the parts are minimized; the safety of the device is high; the occupied area of the system is small; the method is suitable for running conditions such as ship sloshing and the like and is suitable for severe marine environments; the system is simple to control, quick to start and stop, efficient and intelligent in variable working condition adjustment and the like.
The reliquefaction technology based on the reverse brayton cycle can supercool liquid hydrogen or LNG, then spray back to the liquid cargo tank to directly condense evaporating gas, and also can provide cold energy for the liquid hydrogen or LNG in the storage tank through the large-area gas cold screen, so that the advantage is relatively outstanding, and the liquefied liquid hydrogen or LNG has better market prospect. However, in order to provide larger cold energy, the technology needs to connect multiple groups of expansion and compression integrated machines (an expansion stage, a first compression stage and a first motor) and a two-stage compression mechanism (a second compression stage and a second motor) which are connected in series with each other in parallel, so that the size and the occupied area of the skid-mounted structure are increased, and the synchronous control difficulty and the operation and maintenance cost of the two motors are also increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide the marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device which has small occupied area, simple flow and reliable function;
a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for reliquefaction of boil-off gas using the device described above.
The technical scheme is as follows: the marine evaporation gas re-liquefying device comprises an expansion mechanism, a motor, N-level compression mechanisms connected in series and a cooler arranged at the downstream of each level of compression mechanism, wherein the motor is arranged between the expansion mechanism and the one-level compression mechanism, and the expansion mechanism, the motor and the N-level compression mechanisms connected in series are connected through a common rotating shaft; the outlet of the final stage cooler is sequentially connected with the backheating heat exchanger, the expansion mechanism and the user heat exchanger; the outlet of the final stage cooler is connected with the working medium inlet of the first stage compression mechanism and used for enabling part of outlet refrigerating working medium to serve as anti-surge bypass air; the compression mechanism and the expansion mechanism are respectively provided with a labyrinth sealing structure, and the isolated cooling gas of the labyrinth sealing structure is led from the refrigerant after the outlet of the final stage compression mechanism is cooled.
The labyrinth sealing structure is arranged between the primary compression mechanism and the motor bearing, and between the expansion mechanism and the motor bearing.
Principle of motor: the pressure of the sealed medium is reduced step by step through the multistage labyrinth to realize the sealing purpose of a small amount of leakage, and then the leakage of the sealed side is further reduced by introducing 'isolation gas' at a certain stage in the middle of the labyrinth seal to isolate the sealed medium, and meanwhile, the sealed side is used as 'cooling gas' for cooling the motor.
The final stage cooler is connected with the shaft ends of the first-stage compression mechanism and the expansion mechanism through a second regulating valve and a third regulating valve respectively and used for providing isolation cooling gas for the labyrinth seal structure and the motor gap.
The motor cavity is connected with a third cooler for recovering and cooling the isolated cooling gas, and a working medium outlet of the third cooler is connected with a working medium inlet of the primary compression mechanism.
The labyrinth sealing structure is provided with a plurality of stages, and at least one stage of labyrinth sealing structure introduces isolation cooling gas.
The N-stage compression mechanism comprises a primary compression mechanism and a secondary compression mechanism; a first cooler is arranged between the primary compression mechanism and the secondary compression mechanism, and a second cooler is arranged at the downstream of the secondary compression mechanism.
The N-level compression mechanism is connected in a mode of end face teeth combined with a pull rod for pre-tightening.
Wherein, the motor casing sets up the cooling water return circuit, and the cooling water return circuit flow direction of motor casing sets up along the casing axial.
The method for reliquefaction of the evaporated gas by the device comprises the following steps:
(A) The refrigerating working medium is compressed by the N-level compression mechanism in sequence, cooled by the cooler, enters the regenerative heat exchanger for regenerative heat and cooling, then enters the expansion mechanism for expansion, and enters the user heat exchanger for cooling the target working medium after low-temperature refrigerating capacity is obtained;
(B) Part of the refrigerant cooled at the outlet of the final stage compression mechanism is used as anti-surge bypass air to be delivered to the refrigerant inlet of the first stage compression mechanism; part of the refrigerant cooled at the outlet of the final stage compression mechanism is used as isolation cooling gas to enter a motor cavity at the side of the first stage compression mechanism and a motor cavity at the side of the expansion mechanism respectively; and the heat exchange medium of the regenerative heat exchanger is conveyed to a working medium inlet of the primary compression mechanism.
Wherein, the refrigerating working medium is one or more gases of helium, nitrogen, neon and argon.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable effects: (1) The marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device provided by the invention has the advantages that the expansion work is recovered, the sealing and cooling of the motor are ensured, the flow is simple, the function is reliable, and the marine adaptability is relatively strong; compared with the traditional expansion and compression integrated machine, the number of key movable equipment and control cabinets thereof is reduced through mechanical coupling, the occupied area is small, the control is convenient, and the reliquefaction of the boil-off gas can be realized in a limited transport ship clamping plate space. (2) The device has lower manufacturing cost and lower operation and maintenance investment. (3) The marine boil-off gas re-liquefying method has simple system control and reliable functions, and can be used for low temperature between minus 100 ℃ and minus 273 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the motor structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a marine boil-off gas reliquefaction device, which comprises a primary compressor 1, a secondary compressor 2, an expander 3 and a motor 4, wherein the primary compressor 1, the secondary compressor 2, the expander 3 and the motor 4 are connected through a common rotating shaft, and the motor 4 is positioned between the expander 3 and the primary compressor 1.
The working medium inlet of the primary compressor 1 is connected with a first pipeline R1, the working medium outlet of the primary compressor 1 is connected with the inlet of a first cooler 5 through a second pipeline R2, the outlet of the first cooler 5 is connected with the working medium inlet of a secondary compressor 2 through a third pipeline R3, the working medium outlet of the secondary compressor 2 is connected with the inlet of a second cooler 6 through a fourth pipeline R4, the outlet of the second cooler 6 is connected with a fifth pipeline R5, the fifth pipeline R5 is connected with two branches, one branch is connected with a regenerative heat exchanger 7 through a sixth pipeline R6, and the other branch is connected with a ninth pipeline R9; the backheating heat exchanger 7 is connected with an inlet of the expander 3 through a seventh pipeline R7, and an outlet of the expander 3 is connected with the user heat exchanger 8 through an eighth pipeline R8 to cool the target working medium; the regenerative heat exchanger 7 is connected with the first pipeline R1.
The downstream of the ninth pipeline R9 is communicated with the first pipeline R1, so that part of outlet refrigerant is used as anti-surge bypass air; two branches are connected to the upstream of the ninth pipeline R9, one of the branches is connected to the shaft end of the first-stage compressor 1 through a tenth pipeline R10, and the other branch is connected to the shaft end of the expander 3 through an eleventh pipeline R11. Labyrinth sealing structures are respectively arranged between the primary compressor 1 and the magnetic suspension bearing of the motor 4 and between the expander 3 and the magnetic suspension bearing of the motor 4. Part of the refrigerant cooled from the outlet of the secondary compressor 2 is respectively conveyed into the cavity of the motor 4 at the side of the primary compressor 1 and the cavity of the motor 4 at the side of the expander 3 through a tenth pipeline R10 and an eleventh pipeline R11, and is used as isolation cooling gas of a labyrinth sealing structure, the isolation cooling gas is used for isolating a sealed medium, and leakage of the sealed side is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, one end of the motor 4 is connected to the expander 3, and the other end is connected to the first-stage compressor 1. The motor 4 is connected to the rotating shaft through a bearing 4-3. As can be seen from fig. 2, part of the refrigerant is fed into the motor gap and the labyrinth seal of a certain stage through lines indicated by arrows, respectively, and is used as isolation cooling gas. The twelfth pipeline R12 is connected to the downstream of the cavity of the motor 4 and used for recycling all the isolated cooling gas, the twelfth pipeline R12 is connected with the third cooler 12, and the working medium outlet of the third cooler 12 is connected to the first pipeline R1 and connected with the working medium inlet of the first-stage compressor 1. In fig. 2, the line (1) is an isolated cooling gas, the line (2) is a leaked gas, and the line (3) is a mixed gas obtained by mixing the isolated cooling gas and the leaked gas. The mixture is exhausted through a twelfth pipeline R12 connected downstream of the cavity of the motor 4.
A first regulating valve 9 is arranged on a road section where the ninth pipeline R9 is connected with the first pipeline R1, a second regulating valve 10 is arranged on the tenth pipeline R10, a third regulating valve 11 is arranged on the eleventh pipeline R11, and the flow speed of the refrigerating medium are regulated through the regulating valves; each regulating valve can be a pneumatic or electric regulating valve.
The primary compressor 1 and the secondary compressor 2 can be centrifugal compressors; the expander 3 can be a centripetal turbine expander 3; the motor 4 for driving can be a magnetic levitation motor 4; the first cooler 5, the second cooler 6, the regenerative heat exchanger 7 and the user heat exchanger 8 can be isobaric or basically isobaric fluid heat exchange mechanisms. The connection mode between the primary compressor 1 and the secondary compressor 2 of the embodiment is that end face teeth are combined with a pull rod for pre-tightening. The motor 4 adopts an air cooling and water cooling dual cooling mode, a cooling water loop is arranged on the shell of the motor 4, and the cooling water loop flow direction of the shell of the motor 4 is axially arranged along the shell. The refrigerating working medium can be one or more gases selected from helium, nitrogen, neon and argon.
The method for reliquefaction of the boil-off gas by using the device comprises the following steps:
the refrigerating medium enters the first-stage compressor 1 for compression through the first pipeline R1, enters the first cooler 5 for cooling through the second pipeline R2, enters the second cooler 6 for cooling through the third pipeline R3 for compression in the serially arranged second-stage compressors 2, enters the sixth pipeline R6 for heat regeneration and cooling through the heat regeneration heat exchanger 7, enters the turbine expander 3 for expansion through the seventh pipeline R7, and cools the target medium through the eighth pipeline R8 after obtaining low-temperature refrigerating capacity through the user heat exchanger 8; the refrigerant passing through the regenerative heat exchanger 7 is conveyed back to the refrigerant inlet of the primary compressor 1 through the first pipeline R1;
part of the refrigerant cooled by the outlet of the secondary compressor 2 is conveyed to the first upstream end of the first pipeline R1 through a ninth pipeline R9; part of the refrigerant cooled by the outlet of the secondary compressor 2 is used as isolation cooling gas to be conveyed to the cavity of the motor 4 at the side of the primary compressor 1 through a tenth pipeline R10, and is used as isolation cooling gas to be conveyed to the cavity of the motor 4 at the side of the expander 3 through an eleventh pipeline R11; the isolated cooling gas from the cavity of the motor 4 enters the twelfth pipeline R12, exchanges heat through the third cooler 12 and is conveyed into the first pipeline R1.
Claims (10)
1. The marine evaporation gas re-liquefying device comprises an expansion mechanism (3), a motor (4), N-level compression mechanisms connected in series and a cooler arranged at the downstream of each level of compression mechanism, and is characterized in that the motor (4) is arranged between the expansion mechanism (3) and the one-level compression mechanism, and the expansion mechanism (3), the motor (4) and the N-level compression mechanisms connected in series are connected through a common rotating shaft; the outlet of the final stage cooler is sequentially connected with the regenerative heat exchanger (7), the expansion mechanism (3) and the user heat exchanger (8); the outlet of the final stage cooler is connected with the working medium inlet of the first stage compression mechanism and used for enabling part of outlet refrigerating working medium to serve as anti-surge bypass air; the compression mechanism and the expansion mechanism (3) are respectively provided with a labyrinth sealing structure (13), and the isolated cooling gas of the labyrinth sealing structure (13) is led from the refrigerating working medium cooled by the outlet of the final-stage compression mechanism.
2. Marine boil-off gas reliquefaction device according to claim 1, wherein the labyrinth seal structure (13) is arranged between the primary compression mechanism and the motor (4) bearing, and between the expansion mechanism (3) and the motor (4) bearing.
3. Marine boil-off gas re-liquefaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that the final stage cooler is connected to the shaft ends of the primary compression and expansion mechanism (3) via a second and a third regulating valve (10, 11) respectively for providing an isolated cooling gas to the labyrinth seal (13) and the motor gap.
4. The marine boil-off gas reliquefaction device according to claim 1, wherein the cavity of the motor (4) is connected with a third cooler (12) for recovering and cooling the isolated cooling gas, and a working medium outlet of the third cooler (12) is connected with a working medium inlet of the primary compression mechanism.
5. Marine boil-off gas re-liquefaction device according to claim 1, wherein the labyrinth seal (13) is provided with a plurality of stages, at least one stage of labyrinth seal introducing an isolating cooling gas.
6. The marine boil-off gas re-liquefaction device according to claim 1, wherein the N-stage compression mechanism comprises a primary compressor (1) and a secondary compressor (2); a first cooler (5) is arranged between the primary compressor (1) and the secondary compressor (2), and a second cooler (6) is arranged at the downstream of the secondary compressor (1).
7. The marine boil-off gas reliquefaction device according to claim 1, wherein the connection mode between the N-stage compression mechanisms is end face teeth combined with tie rod pre-tightening.
8. The marine boil-off gas reliquefaction device according to claim 1, wherein the motor (4) housing is provided with a cooling water circuit, and the cooling water circuit flow direction of the motor (4) housing is arranged along the housing axial direction.
9. A method of boil-off gas re-liquefaction in a device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(A) The refrigerating working medium is compressed by an N-level compression mechanism in sequence and cooled by a cooler, enters a regenerative heat exchanger (7) for regenerative heat and cooling, then enters an expansion mechanism (3) for expansion, and enters a user heat exchanger (8) for cooling the target working medium after low-temperature refrigerating capacity is obtained;
(B) Part of the refrigerant cooled at the outlet of the final stage compression mechanism is used as anti-surge bypass air to be delivered to the refrigerant inlet of the first stage compression mechanism; part of the refrigerant cooled at the outlet of the final stage compression mechanism is used as isolation cooling gas to enter a motor cavity at the side of the first stage compression mechanism and a motor cavity at the side of the expansion mechanism respectively; and the heat exchange medium of the regenerative heat exchanger (7) is conveyed to a working medium inlet of the primary compression mechanism.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the refrigerant is one or more of helium, nitrogen, neon, and argon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311633672.1A CN117847956A (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311633672.1A CN117847956A (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117847956A true CN117847956A (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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ID=90540983
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311633672.1A Pending CN117847956A (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Marine evaporation gas reliquefaction device and method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117847956A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-01 CN CN202311633672.1A patent/CN117847956A/en active Pending
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