CN117837357B - Biochar base fertilizer application device for cultivation - Google Patents
Biochar base fertilizer application device for cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN117837357B CN117837357B CN202410238957.3A CN202410238957A CN117837357B CN 117837357 B CN117837357 B CN 117837357B CN 202410238957 A CN202410238957 A CN 202410238957A CN 117837357 B CN117837357 B CN 117837357B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a biochar base fertilizer application device for cultivation, which comprises a storage bin, wherein discharge units are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin in an array manner, cabin sealing units which are in one-to-one correspondence with the discharge units are arranged on the end face of one side of the storage bin, and cleaning units are arranged at the bottom of the discharge units; according to the invention, the accurate adjustment of the amount of fertilizer flowing into the upper closing cabin in unit time is realized by controlling the rotating speed of the feeding wheel, so that the blockage of the discharging unit is avoided, the fertilizer flowing into the discharging unit is buffered and guided by the upper closing cabin and the collecting cabin which are in stepped descending from the inlet end to the outlet end, the risk of blockage of the discharging unit is further reduced to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the flow uniformity of the amount of fertilizer in each area at the outlet end of the bottom closing cabin is fully ensured by the combined guiding, split-flow filtering and screening of a split-plate, a split-plate and a split-screen plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a biochar base fertilizer application device for cultivation.
Background
Carbon-based fertilizer: the fertilizer is divided into an acidic carbon base fertilizer and an alkaline carbon base fertilizer, is prepared by taking biomass carbon as a matrix and assisting organic matters or inorganic matters, and is also an ecological environment-friendly fertilizer;
fertilizer spreader: is an important development product of agricultural machinery technology, is an improvement on a crop production mode, and has the advantages of reducing the labor intensity of farmers, improving the crop quality, improving the working efficiency and the like;
the existing fertilizer distributor has the following problems in the use process:
1. Fertilizing steps of a traditional fertilizer distributor: firstly, placing fertilizer to be sown into a bin, stirring the fertilizer in the bin through a stirring device, then transporting the fertilizer into a distributing tray through a feeding end, and finally, sowing the fertilizer outwards through the distributing tray; however, the foregoing sowing manner has the phenomenon of uneven feeding at the discharge end, that is, the quantity of waste materials flowing to different areas of the distribution tray at the discharge end is different, so that the problem of concentration or dispersion of fertilizer in the local areas of the distribution tray is serious, and further, the problem of uneven distribution of fertilizer in soil, even unbalance of soil nutrients, acidification, leakage pollution, variation of microbial communities and the like occur;
In addition, the surface of the distributing disc is corroded in the long-term use process under the influence of the acid-base attribute of the carbon-based fertilizer, so that the effect of uniformly sowing the fertilizer is affected to a certain extent, and the distributing disc is interfered by the uncertain factors of the external environment in the use process for a long time, so that the problem of depositing impurities and pollutants affecting the uniform sowing of the fertilizer by the distributing disc exists on the surface of the distributing disc;
2. The traditional fertilizer distributor is influenced by the fixed attribute of the model of the traditional fertilizer distributor, so that the range of the fertilizer distributor for distributing the fertilizer is limited, meanwhile, space, environment and position are all important interference factors for limiting the normal fertilization of the fertilizer distributor, namely, the practical limitation exists to a certain extent and the relative inflexibility under the use scene exists, and the relative inflexibility is usually reflected in the fact that a self-defined fertilization adjustment scheme cannot be made for a crop fertilization area.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the biochar-based fertilizer application device for cultivation comprises a storage bin, wherein the bottom of the storage bin is uniformly provided with discharge units in an array manner, one side end surface of the storage bin is provided with cabin sealing units which are in one-to-one correspondence with the discharge units, and the bottom of the discharge unit is provided with a cleaning unit;
the discharging unit includes:
The number of the ejector rods is one, and the ejector rods are rotatably arranged in the middle of the vertical sections at two sides of the storage bin in a penetrating manner;
The feeding wheels are at least one and are fixedly distributed on the outer wall of the ejector rod in an array mode;
The upper closing cabin is clamped and installed in the middle position of the bottom wall of the storage bin and corresponds to the feeding wheels one by one;
the middle closing cabin is clamped and installed in the middle of the end surface of one side of the upper closing cabin, which is far away from the storage bin;
the bottom closing cabin is clamped and installed in the middle of the end face of one side of the middle closing cabin, which is far away from the upper closing cabin;
the middle lever is rotatably arranged in a space of the ejector rod away from the bin;
The material distributing wheel is arranged at the middle position of one end of the vertical section of the middle closing cabin, which is close to the upper closing cabin, in a penetrating type rotating fit manner, and in addition, the outer wall of the middle position rod is fixedly connected;
The material collecting cabin is embedded and connected with the middle position inside the middle closing cabin.
Preferably, a division plate is installed in the end face clamping connection of one side of the inner wall of the middle closing cabin, two division plates matched with the same division plate are installed in the end face clamping connection of the other side of the inner part of the middle closing cabin, in addition, the length of the two division plates is smaller than that of the two division plates, a straight rod is installed between the vertical sections on two sides of the bottom closing cabin in a penetrating mode in a rotating mode, a division plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the straight rod, the division plate is located in the bottom closing cabin, and a torsion spring is arranged at the connecting end of the straight rod and the bottom closing cabin.
Preferably, the limit backplate is all installed through the bolt detachable to feed bin both sides terminal surface, in addition, normal running fit installs between limit backplate and the median pole, two the limit backplate is kept away from the common joint of feed bin one side terminal surface and is installed the ship and closes the frame, and the ship closes and installs preceding Wei Zhu between the frame, and the ship closes the frame and keeps away from feed bin one side terminal surface slip joint and install the end plate, and the silo has evenly been seted up to feed bin diapire intermediate position, and the silo with the feed bin position one-to-one, the hatch with the silo position one-to-one has evenly been seted up to the feed bin diapire, in addition, every the hatch with the corresponding position the silo between be run through and distribute.
Preferably, the capsule unit includes:
the straight port frame is detachably arranged on a vertical section at one side of the storage bin through bolts and corresponds to the upper cabin closing positions one by one, and in addition, the section shape of the straight port frame is L-shaped;
The vertical plate is clamped and installed in the middle of the horizontal section of the straight port frame;
The cross section of the angle plate is L-shaped, and is in sliding clamping connection with the bottom wall of the installation bin;
The sealing plate is arranged in the middle of the end face of the side, far away from the straight opening frame, of the horizontal section of the angle plate in a clamping manner and is used for sealing the hatch, and the length of the sealing plate is larger than the width of the hatch;
The number of the split columns is two, and the split columns are installed in the middle of the vertical plate in a sliding clamping manner;
the arrow plate is clamped and installed in the middle of the end face of one side of the two split columns, which is close to the straight port frame;
The main closing column is clamped and installed in the middle of the end face of one side of the arrow board, which is far away from the opening and closing column;
The central control rod is rotatably arranged in the middle of the end surface of one side of the main closing column far away from the straight port frame, and is also arranged between the central control rod and the main closing column through a torsion spring;
the bracelet is connected with one end of the central control rod far away from the straight mouth frame in a clamping mode.
Preferably, the outer wall sleeve of the split column is provided with a reset spring positioned between the vertical plate and the vertical section of the angle plate, the reset spring is fixedly connected with the vertical plate and fixedly connected with the vertical section of the angle plate, the middle position of the outer wall of the middle control rod is symmetrically clamped and installed with an opening plate, the end face of one side of the vertical section of the straight opening frame, far away from the middle position of the storage bin, is clamped and installed with an outer split sleeve coaxially arranged with the middle control rod, in addition, the outer split sleeve is matched and installed with the opening plate in a sliding clamping manner, the inner wall of the outer split sleeve is symmetrically provided with straight opening grooves used for guiding the opening plate, the inner wall of the outer split sleeve is provided with annular grooves close to one end of the straight opening frame in a central symmetry mode, the number of the annular grooves are two, the cross section of each annular groove is of a quarter annular structure, in addition, the radius of each annular groove is equal to the vertical distance between the opening plate and the middle control rod, and one end of each annular groove is provided with grooves for limiting the position of the opening plate.
Preferably, the cleaning unit includes:
The fixed rods are two in number and are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the vertical section at one side of the middle cabin in a plug-in manner;
the outer hook plate is clamped and installed on one side end surface of the front Wei Zhu through the installation seat, the vertical section of the outer hook plate and the fixed installation rod are installed in a plug-in mode, and in addition, the positions of the outer hook plate and the bottom closing cabin correspond to each other one by one;
The inner hook plates are detachably arranged at the middle position of the outer wall of the vertical section at the other side of the middle closing cabin through bolts and correspond to the outer hook plates one by one;
The shaft pedestal is in a cross shape in section and is installed in the middle of the horizontal section of the inner hook plate in a sliding clamping fit manner;
the number of the telescopic columns is four, and the telescopic columns are connected with four corners of one side end surface of the mounting shaft pedestal, which is close to the outer hook plate;
the pneumatic rod is clamped and installed in the middle of one side end face of the shaft pedestal, which is close to the outer hook plate;
The sheet plates are clamped and mounted at one ends of the four telescopic columns far away from the pillow block seat, and are fixedly mounted at one ends of the four telescopic columns far away from the pillow block seat together with the air pressure rods;
the number of the angle shovels is two, and the angle shovels are symmetrically clamped and arranged at the middle position of one side end surface of the sheet close to the outer hook plate.
Preferably, the angle shovel is close to outer board one end of colluding and is array evenly distributed and has the tooth piece, and the cross-sectional shape of tooth piece is triangle-shaped, and angle shovel is close to interior board one side terminal surface intermediate position even joint and is provided with the wind tube head, two just opposite the joint installs the strengthening rib between the angle shovel.
Preferably, the upper closing cabin and the material collecting cabin are both provided with a feeding port end larger than a discharging port end of the upper closing cabin, in addition, the upper closing cabin and the material collecting cabin are provided with a feeding port end which is the inner space from the discharging port end to the discharging port end, the inner space is stepped, and the outlet end of the bottom closing cabin is provided with a right-angle chamfer design.
Preferably, the depth of the ring groove is greater than the width of the opening and closing plate.
The method for uniformly discharging the carbon-based fertilizer adopts a biological carbon-based fertilizer application device for cultivation to realize uniform discharging, and comprises the following specific steps:
S1: firstly, the carbon-based fertilizer flows upwards through a trough area to form a cabin-closing area under the action of gravity, and then the upper cabin-closing continuously guides and rectifies the carbon-based fertilizer to an internal aggregate cabin area, and the internal space from the inlet end to the outlet end of the upper cabin-closing is in a stepped descending arrangement, so that the ordered entering and passing of the carbon-based fertilizer at the inlet end are ensured, and the uniformity of the carbon-based fertilizer passing through the upper cabin-closing area in unit time is improved to a certain extent;
S2: then, through a partition plate and a biplate which are additionally arranged in the aggregate cabin, the carbon-based fertilizer passing through the interior of the aggregate cabin is subjected to corresponding step-by-step drainage, buffering and guiding, and meanwhile, the quantitative conveying effect is realized to a certain extent, so that on one hand, the blocking probability of the carbon-based fertilizer in the upper cabin, the aggregate cabin and the bottom cabin is reduced, and on the other hand, the flow uniformity of the carbon-based fertilizer passing through each area at the outlet end of the bottom cabin is improved, and the problems of unbalanced soil nutrient, acidification, leakage pollution, microbial community change and the like are avoided;
s3: finally, the outside clean gas is orderly guided to the operation area of the angle shovel and the outer hook plate through the wind pipe head, so that the cleaning effect of the angle shovel on the end face of the outer hook plate is assisted, the cleanliness of the end face of the outer hook plate is fully ensured, and the uniformity of spreading carbon-based fertilizer outwards through the outer hook plate is indirectly improved;
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the accurate adjustment of the amount of fertilizer flowing into the upper closing cabin in unit time is realized by controlling the rotating speed of the feeding wheel, so that the blockage of the discharging unit is avoided, the fertilizer flowing into the discharging unit is buffered and guided by the upper closing cabin and the collecting cabin which are in stepped descending from the inlet end to the outlet end, the risk of blockage of the discharging unit is further reduced to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the flow uniformity of the amount of fertilizer in each area at the outlet end of the bottom closing cabin is fully ensured by the combined guiding, split-flow filtering and screening of a split-plate, a split-plate and a split-screen plate.
2. According to the invention, through the reciprocating motion of the shaft pedestal and the telescoping action of the pneumatic rod, the angle shovel is controlled to scrape and clean impurities or pollutants existing in the end face of the outer hook plate at regular intervals, at regular time and at fixed points, so that the cleanliness of the end face of the outer hook plate is fully ensured, the sowing uniformity of the outer hook plate on fertilizer is indirectly improved, and in the process, external clean gas is guided to the operation area of the angle shovel and the outer hook plate through the wind pipe head, so that the cleaning effect of the angle shovel on the end face of the outer hook plate is further ensured.
3. According to the invention, the middle control rod is manually pressed to move towards the direction of the straight opening frame until the opening and closing plate completely enters the ring groove region, then, the hand ring is rotated by ninety degrees, the opening and closing plate synchronously rotates by ninety degrees under the guiding action of the ring groove until the opening and closing plate enters the groove, in the process, the opening and closing column drives the corner plate and the closing plate to move towards the hatch end under the guiding action of the vertical plate until the closing plate completely seals the hatch, and at the moment, the position of the middle control rod is kept unchanged under the combined limit of the restoring force of the restoring spring and the outer closing sleeve, so that the hatch sealing operation is completed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the structure of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the structure of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the bin, the trough and the hatch of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the three-dimensional structures of the discharging unit, the capsule unit and the cleaning unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partially schematic illustration of the discharge unit of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a sectional plan view of a part of the internal structure of the discharging unit of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a partially constructed view showing the capsule unit of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a plan view of the structure of fig. 8 according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a partial structure of the capsule unit of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a plan view showing the outer sleeve of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the structure of the discharging unit and the cleaning unit of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a partially schematic illustration of a cleaning unit of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a storage bin; 2. a discharging unit; 3. a cabin sealing unit; 4. a cleaning unit;
11. edge guard plates; 12. closing the frame of the ship; 13. front Wei Zhu; 14. an end plate; 15. a trough; 16. a hatch;
21. A push rod; 22. a feeding wheel; 23. loading the cabin; 24. a middle mixing cabin; 25. a bottom closing cabin; 26. a median lever; 27. a material distributing wheel; 28. a collection cabin;
281. a dividing plate; 282. a biplate; 283. a straight rod; 284. dividing the sieve plate; 285. a torsion spring;
31. A straight mouth frame; 32. a riser; 33. a corner plate; 34. a sealing plate; 35. separating and closing the column; 36. arrow board; 37. a main column; 38. a central control rod; 39. a bracelet;
351. A return spring; 352. an opening plate; 353. an outer sleeve; 354. a straight slot; 355. a ring groove; 356. a groove;
41. a fixed mounting rod; 42. an outer hook plate; 43. an inner hook plate; 44. a shaft pedestal; 45. a telescopic column; 46. a pneumatic rod; 47. a sheet plate; 48. an angle shovel;
481. a tooth plate; 482. a wind pipe head; 483. reinforcing ribs.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the biochar base fertilizer applying device for cultivation comprises a storage bin 1, wherein discharge units 2 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin 1 in an array mode, cabin sealing units 3 corresponding to the discharge units 2 one by one are arranged on one side end face of the storage bin 1, and cleaning units 4 are arranged at the bottom of the discharge units 2.
As can be seen with reference to fig. 5,6 and 7, the outfeed unit 2 comprises: the number of the ejector rods 21 is one, and the ejector rods are rotatably arranged in the middle of the vertical sections at two sides of the storage bin 1 in a penetrating manner; the feeding wheels 22 are at least one and are fixedly distributed on the outer wall of the ejector rod 21 in an array mode; the upper closing cabin 23 is arranged in the middle of the bottom wall of the storage bin 1 in a clamping manner and corresponds to the feeding wheels 22 one by one; the middle closing cabin 24 is arranged in the middle of the end surface of the side, far away from the storage bin 1, of the upper closing cabin 23 in a clamping manner; the bottom closing cabin 25 is arranged in the middle of the end surface of the middle closing cabin 24, which is far away from the upper closing cabin 23, in a clamping manner; the middle lever 26 is rotatably arranged in a space on one side of the ejector rod 21 away from the storage bin 1; the material distributing wheel 27 is arranged in the middle of one end of the middle closing cabin 24, which is close to the upper closing cabin 23, in a penetrating type rotating fit manner, and in addition, the outer walls of the middle position rod 26 are fixedly connected; the material collecting cabin 28 is arranged at the middle position inside the middle closing cabin 24 in an embedded clamping way;
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a sub-plate 281 is mounted on one side of the inner wall of the middle compartment 24 in a clamped manner, a sub-plate 282 is mounted on the other side of the inner wall of the middle compartment 24 in a clamped manner, the same sub-plate 281 is matched with each other, in addition, the length of the sub-plate 282 is smaller than that of the sub-plate 281, a straight rod 283 is rotatably mounted between two vertical sections on two sides of the bottom compartment 25 in a penetrating manner, a sub-screen plate 284 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the straight rod 283, the sub-screen plate 284 is positioned in the bottom compartment 25, and a torsion spring 285 is arranged at the connecting end of the straight rod 283 and the bottom compartment 25;
referring to fig. 1,2 and 4, it can be known that the side guard plates 11 are detachably mounted on two side end surfaces of the storage bin 1 through bolts, in addition, the side guard plates 11 are mounted in a rotating fit manner with the middle position rods 26, two side guard plates 11 are mounted on one side end surface of the storage bin 1 in a clamping manner together, a ship frame 12 is mounted between the ship frame 12 in a plugging manner, a front Wei Zhu is mounted between the ship frame 12, an end plate 14 is mounted on one side end surface of the ship frame 12, which is away from the storage bin 1, material grooves 15 are uniformly formed in the middle position of the bottom wall of the storage bin 1, the material grooves 15 are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the feeding wheels 22, and in addition, hatches 16 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the material grooves 15 in the corresponding positions are uniformly formed in the bottom wall of the storage bin 1;
The upper closing cabin 23 and the material collecting cabin 28 are both provided with a feeding port end larger than a discharging port end thereof, and in addition, the inner space from the feeding port end of the upper closing cabin 23 and the material collecting cabin 28 to the discharging port end is stepped and lowered, and the outlet end of the bottom closing cabin 25 is provided with a right-angle chamfer design.
Overall movement of the device (excluding end plate 14):
In specific implementation, the electric sliding block can drive the boat-in frame 12 to reciprocate on the end face of the end plate 14 until the discharging unit 2, the cabin sealing unit 3 and the cleaning unit 4 integrally move a specified distance away from the middle position of the end plate 14 (so as to meet the operation requirement under a specific operation environment, the practicability and the flexibility of the invention are increased to a certain extent, and the fertilization integrity of a region to be fertilized is fully ensured);
edge guard 11 and front Wei Zhu: the stable installation environment is provided for the discharging unit 2, the cabin sealing unit 3 and the cleaning unit 4, meanwhile, the vibration frequency in the operation process of the discharging unit 2 is reduced to a certain extent, and the discharging uniformity of the discharging unit 2 is indirectly improved;
the specific working process of the discharging unit 2 comprises the following steps:
Firstly, a worker puts the carbon-based fertilizer for fertilization into the storage bin 1 orderly until the storage bin 1 is full of the carbon-based fertilizer, and in the process, temporary buffer blocking of the carbon-based fertilizer in the area of the inrush storage bin 15 by the feeding wheel 22 is realized through layout arrangement between the feeding wheel 22 and the storage bin 15 (namely, the problem of blocking in the area of the storage bin 15 is avoided when a large amount of carbon-based fertilizer is quickly flushed in a short time, so that the normal and orderly discharging of the discharging unit 2 is improved is facilitated), and then the carbon-based fertilizer in the storage bin 1 is conveyed to the area of the storage bin 15 orderly and quantitatively (relatively quantitatively) through the rotation action of the feeding wheel 22, and particularly, the ejector rod 21 can be driven to rotate through an external motor (at the moment, the feeding wheel 22 synchronously follows the rotation of the ejector rod 21);
Then, the carbon-based fertilizer continuously flows to the upper closing cabin 23 area through the material groove 15 area (the carbon-based fertilizer is under the action of gravity), and then, the upper closing cabin 23 continuously guides and rectifies the carbon-based fertilizer to the inner collecting cabin 28 area (the inner space from the inlet end to the outlet end of the upper closing cabin 23 is in a step-shaped descending purpose, namely, on one hand, the orderly entering and passing of the carbon-based fertilizer at the inlet end are ensured, and on the other hand, the flowing carbon-based fertilizer is subjected to the first-step rectification and filtration conveying, so that the uniformity of the carbon-based fertilizer passing through the upper closing cabin 23 in unit time is improved to a certain extent);
aggregate bin 28: the aggregate compartment 28 is arranged and intended to be the same as the purpose of the upper compartment 23 (therefore, the specific working process (compared to carbon-based fertilizer) will not be described here in detail);
Finally, through the arrangement of the dividing plate 281 and the dividing plate 282 in the aggregate bin 28 (and the dividing plate 281 and the dividing plate 282 are obliquely arranged with the aggregate bin 28, when the oblique angle is implemented, the optimal oblique angle can be designed additionally through specific calculation), the corresponding step-by-step drainage buffering guide (controlling the flow of the carbon-based fertilizer in unit time) is made for the carbon-based fertilizer passing through the aggregate bin 28, and meanwhile, the quantitative type (the realization of quantitative type conveying: the vertical distance between the dividing plate 281 or the dividing plate 282 and the inner wall of the aggregate bin 28, namely, the important reference of the throughput in unit time of the carbon-based fertilizer) conveying effect is realized to a certain extent, so that on one hand, the blocking probability of the carbon-based fertilizer in the upper bin 23, the aggregate bin 28 and the bottom bin 25 is reduced, and on the other hand, the flow uniformity of the carbon-based fertilizer passing through each area at the outlet end of the bottom bin 25 is improved, and the problems of soil nutrient, acidification, leakage pollution, microbial community change and the like are avoided;
the purpose of right-angle chamfering is to the bottom closing cabin 25 outlet end: the guiding and diversion of the carbon-based fertilizer are further enhanced;
torsion spring 285: the position invariance of the inner parts of the sub-sieve plates 284 and the bottom closing cabin 25 is broken, and the carbon-based fertilizer falling to the end surface of the sub-sieve plates 284 is buffered to a certain extent, so that the gravitational potential energy of the carbon-based fertilizer is reduced, and the sputtering range in the carbon-based fertilizer conveying process is reduced.
As can be seen with reference to fig. 8, 9 and 10, the capsule unit 3 comprises: the straight port frame 31 is detachably arranged on the vertical section at one side of the storage bin 1 through bolts and corresponds to the upper closing cabin 23 one by one, and in addition, the section shape of the straight port frame is L-shaped; the vertical plate 32 is clamped and installed in the middle of the horizontal section of the straight port frame 31; the angle plate 33 is L-shaped in section and is slidably clamped with the bottom wall of the mounting bin 1, and in addition, the vertical section of the angle plate 33 and the horizontal section of the straight port frame 31 are slidably clamped and matched; the sealing plate 34 is arranged in the middle of the end surface of the side, far away from the straight port frame 31, of the horizontal section of the angle plate 33 in a clamping manner and is used for sealing the hatch 16, and the length of the sealing plate 34 is larger than the width of the hatch 16;
the number of the split columns 35 is two, and the split columns are installed in the middle of the vertical plate 32 in a sliding clamping manner; arrow plate 36, which is mounted in the middle of the end face of two separating and combining columns 35 near the straight port frame 31; the main closing column 37 is arranged in the middle of the end face of the arrow plate 36, which is far away from the opening and closing column 35; the central control rod 38 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the end surface of the main closing column 37 far away from the straight port frame 31, and is also arranged between the central control rod and the main closing column 37 through a torsion spring 285; the hand ring 39 is clamped and installed at one end of the central control stem far away from the straight port frame 31;
Referring to fig. 8, 10 and 11, the outer wall of the opening and closing column 35 is sleeved with a return spring 351 between the vertical plate 32 and the vertical section of the angle plate 33, the return spring 351 is fixedly connected with the vertical plate 32 and the vertical section of the angle plate 33, an opening plate 352 is symmetrically clamped and installed in the middle position of the outer wall of the central control rod 38, an outer closing sleeve 353 coaxially arranged with the central control rod 38 is clamped and installed on the end surface of one side of the vertical section of the straight opening frame 31, which is far from the middle position of the storage bin 1, and in addition, the outer closing sleeve 353 is in sliding clamping fit with the opening and closing plate 352;
The inner wall of the outer closing sleeve 353 is symmetrically provided with straight-mouth grooves 354 for guiding the opening plate 352, one end of the inner wall of the outer closing sleeve 353, which is close to the straight-mouth frame 31, is centrally symmetrically provided with annular grooves 355, the number of the annular grooves 355 is two, the cross section of each annular groove 355 is of a quarter annular structure, in addition, the radius of each annular groove 355 is equal to the vertical distance between the opening plate 352 and the central control rod 38, and one end of each annular groove 355 is provided with a groove 356 for limiting the position of the opening plate 352; the depth of the annular groove 355 is greater than the width of the opening and closing plate 352.
The specific working process of the capsule unit 3 (the specific working state of the capsule unit 3 can be correspondingly adjusted according to the fertilization area to be fertilized):
the closing plate 34 moves in the direction of the hatch 16:
The operator manually presses the central lever 38 through the hand ring 39 to drive the opening plate 352 to move towards the direction of the straight opening frame 31 (at this time, the straight opening groove 354 guides, supports and limits the opening plate 352 in the moving process) until the opening plate 352 completely enters the ring groove 355 region (because the depth of the ring groove 355 is larger than the width of the opening plate 352, the clamping plate can move towards the direction of the straight opening frame 31 with the inside of the ring groove 355 region for a certain distance);
thereafter, the operator manually rotates the hand ring 39, the center lever 38 is driven by the hand ring 39, and the open plate 352 is synchronously controlled to rotate in the annular groove 355 until ninety degrees, at this time, the operator releases the hand ring 39, and the center lever 38 drives the open plate 352 to gradually enter the groove 356 under the lifting action of the main column 37, so that the position of the center lever 38 is not changed (the position of the center lever 38 is relatively unchanged and temporary, i.e., the position of the center lever 38 can be centrally restored to the initial position)
In the process (when the central lever 38 moves towards the direction of the straight opening frame 31), the main closing column 37 synchronously controls the arrow board 36 to drive the opening and closing column 35 to move towards the direction of the hatch 16 under the guiding and limiting actions of the vertical board 32 under the extrusion actions of the central lever 38, so that the angle board 33 drives the closing board 34 to move towards the direction of the hatch 16 (the angle board 33 gradually compresses the return spring 351 between the angle board 33 and the vertical board 32 until the closing board 34 moves to a designated position in the moving process), until the closing board 34 completely seals the communication area between the trough 15 and the upper closing cabin 23 (at this time, the return spring 351 provides a reverse acting force for the opening and closing column 35 to move towards the initial position, but at this time, the central lever 38 completely enters the groove 356, so that the position of the central lever 38 is unchanged, and the position of the opening and closing column 35 is unchanged, namely the position of the closing board 34 is relatively unchanged at this time);
this is described in the following: the principle of movement of the closure plate 34 away from the hatch 16 is exactly the same as the above-described closure plate 34 movement in the direction of the hatch 16 (i.e. the operator is required to manually press the lever 38 again and rotate the bracelet 39 counter-clockwise (as compared to the operator rotating the bracelet 39).
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the cleaning unit 4 includes: the fixed rods 41 are two in number and are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the vertical section at one side of the middle compartment 24 in a plug-in manner; the outer hook plate 42 is clamped and installed on one side end surface of the front Wei Zhu through an installation seat, the vertical section of the outer hook plate 42 and the fixed installation rod 41 are installed in a plug-in mode, and in addition, the positions of the outer hook plate 42 and the bottom closing cabin 25 are in one-to-one correspondence; the inner hook plate 43 is detachably arranged at the middle position of the outer wall of the vertical section at the other side of the middle compartment 24 through bolts and corresponds to the outer hook plate 42 one by one; the shaft pedestal 44 is cross-shaped in cross section, and is installed in the middle of the horizontal section of the inner hook plate 43 in a sliding clamping fit manner;
The number of the telescopic columns 45 is four, and the clamping installation shaft pedestal 44 is close to four corners of one side end face of the outer hook plate 42; the air pressure rod 46 is clamped and installed in the middle of one side end surface of the shaft pedestal 44 close to the outer hook plate 42; the sheet 47 is clamped and mounted at one end of the four telescopic columns 45 away from the shaft pedestal 44, and is fixedly mounted at one end of the same as the air pressure rod 46 away from the shaft pedestal 44; the number of the angle shovels 48 is two, and the angle shovels are symmetrically clamped and arranged in the middle of the end face of one side of the sheet 47 close to the outer hook plate 42;
Referring to fig. 13, the end of the angle shovel 48 near the outer hook plate 42 is uniformly distributed with teeth 481 in an array, the cross section of the teeth 481 is triangular, the middle position of the end surface of the angle shovel 48 near the inner hook plate 43 is uniformly clamped with a wind pipe head 482, and a reinforcing rib 483 is clamped between two opposite angle shovels 48.
Fixed bar 41, front Wei Zhu: providing a stable and effective mounting support for the cleaning unit 4, ensuring a positive relativity between the cleaning unit 4 and the discharge unit 2;
The specific working process of the cleaning unit 4 (corresponding cleaning processing is carried out on the end face of the outer hook plate 42 according to the judgment of an operator):
Through the telescopic action of the air pressure rod 46 (the air pressure rod 46 can realize telescopic movement through an external air pump), the telescopic column 45 is controlled to move towards the end face of the outer hook plate 42 with the moving plate 47 until the angle shovel 48 contacts with the end face of the outer hook plate 42;
thereafter, the telescopic column 45 is driven by the pillow block 44 to reciprocate between the outer hook plate 42 and the inner hook plate 43, and the control sheet 47 can specifically move through the electric slide block to drive the pillow block 44, in the process, the angle shovel 48 moves synchronously with the opposite sheet 47, so far, the angle shovel 48 finishes scraping processing of impurities or other pollutants on the end surface of the outer hook plate 42 in the reciprocation process (and the cleaning processing capability of solidifying the impurities on the end surface of the outer hook plate 42 in the movement process of the angle shovel 48 is increased through the arrangement of the tooth 481);
finally, the air pipe head 482 is used for orderly guiding the outside clean air to the working area of the angle shovel 48 and the outer hook plate 42, so that the cleaning effect of the angle shovel 48 on the end face of the outer hook plate 42 is assisted, the cleanliness of the end face of the outer hook plate 42 is fully ensured, and the uniformity of spreading carbon-based fertilizer outwards through the outer hook plate 42 is indirectly improved;
reinforcing ribs 483: the stability of the connection between the angle spades 48 is increased, reducing the rate of deformation during movement, and thus increasing the service life.
The invention provides a biochar base fertilizer application device for cultivation, which has the following working principle: the first step: firstly, the carbon-based fertilizer flows upwards to the upper closing cabin 23 area through the material groove 15 area under the action of gravity, and then, the upper closing cabin 23 continuously guides and rectifies the carbon-based fertilizer to the inner collecting cabin 28 area, and the inner space from the inlet end to the outlet end of the upper closing cabin 23 is arranged in a stepped descending way, so that the ordered entering and passing of the carbon-based fertilizer at the inlet end are ensured, and the uniformity of the carbon-based fertilizer passing through the upper closing cabin 23 in unit time is improved to a certain extent;
And a second step of: then, through a dividing plate 281 and a dividing plate 282 which are additionally arranged in the aggregate bin 28, the carbon-based fertilizer passing through the interior of the aggregate bin 28 is correspondingly conducted in a step-by-step mode, rectified and filtered in the aggregate bin 28, so that on one hand, the blocking probability of the carbon-based fertilizer in the upper bin 23, the aggregate bin 28 and the bottom bin 25 is reduced, and on the other hand, the flowing uniformity of the carbon-based fertilizer passing through each area at the outlet end of the bottom bin 25 is improved, and the problems of unbalanced soil nutrient, acidification, leakage pollution, microbial community change and the like are avoided;
and a third step of: finally, the outside clean gas is orderly guided to the working area of the corner shovel 48 and the outer hook plate 42 through the wind pipe head 482, so that the cleaning effect of the corner shovel 48 on the end face of the outer hook plate 42 is assisted, the cleanliness of the end face of the outer hook plate 42 is fully ensured, and the uniformity of spreading carbon-based fertilizer outwards through the outer hook plate 42 is indirectly improved.
The circuits and control involved in the present invention are all of the prior art, and are not described in detail herein.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow modifications which may be made by the teachings of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or which may be directly or indirectly employed in other related art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. Biochar base fertilizer applicator for cultivation, including feed bin (1), its characterized in that: the bottom of the storage bin (1) is uniformly provided with discharge units (2) in an array mode, the end face of one side of the storage bin (1) is provided with cabin sealing units (3) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the discharge units (2), and the bottom of the discharge units (2) is provided with cleaning units (4);
The discharge unit (2) comprises:
The number of the ejector rods (21) is one, and the ejector rods are rotatably arranged in the middle of the vertical sections at two sides of the storage bin (1) in a penetrating manner;
the feeding wheels (22) are at least one and are fixedly distributed on the outer wall of the ejector rod (21) in an array mode;
The upper closing cabin (23) is clamped and installed in the middle of the bottom wall of the storage bin (1) and corresponds to the feeding wheels (22) one by one;
the middle closing cabin (24) is clamped and installed in the middle of the end surface of one side of the upper closing cabin (23) far away from the storage bin (1);
the bottom closing cabin (25) is clamped and installed in the middle position of one side end surface of the middle closing cabin (24) far away from the upper closing cabin (23);
The middle lever (26) is rotatably arranged in a space of the ejector rod (21) at one side far away from the storage bin (1);
The material distributing wheel (27) is arranged at the middle position of one end of the vertical section of the middle closing cabin (24) close to the upper closing cabin (23) in a penetrating type rotating fit manner, and in addition, the outer walls of the same middle position rod (26) are fixedly connected;
The material collecting cabin (28) is arranged in the middle position inside the middle closing cabin (24) in an embedded clamping way;
A division plate (281) is installed on one end face of the inner wall of the middle closing cabin (24) in a clamping manner, a division plate (282) matched with the same division plate (281) is installed on the other end face of the inner side of the middle closing cabin (24) in a clamping manner, in addition, the length of the division plate (282) is smaller than that of the division plate (281), a straight rod (283) is installed between two vertical sections on two sides of the bottom closing cabin (25) in a penetrating manner in a rotating manner, a division screen plate (284) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the straight rod (283), the division screen plate (284) is located inside the bottom closing cabin (25), and a torsion spring (285) is arranged at the connecting end of the straight rod (283) and the bottom closing cabin (25);
the side guard plates (11) are detachably mounted on the end faces of two sides of the storage bin (1) through bolts, in addition, the side guard plates (11) and the middle position rods (26) are mounted in a running fit mode, two side guard plates (11) are away from the end faces of one side of the storage bin (1) and are jointly clamped with a ship-mounted frame (12), a front Wei Zhu (13) is installed between the ship-mounted frames (12) in a plug-in mode, an end plate (14) is mounted on the end face of one side of the ship-mounted frame (12) away from the storage bin (1) in a sliding clamping mode, material grooves (15) are uniformly formed in the middle position of the bottom wall of the storage bin (1), the material grooves (15) are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the feeding wheels (22), and in addition, hatches (16) corresponding to the material grooves (15) are distributed in a penetrating mode on the bottom wall of the storage bin (1).
The capsule unit (3) comprises:
The straight opening frame (31) is detachably arranged on the vertical section at one side of the storage bin (1) through bolts and is positioned on the same as the upper cabin (23)
The device is arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and in addition, the cross section shape of the device is L-shaped;
the vertical plate (32) is clamped and installed at the middle position of the horizontal section of the straight opening frame (31);
the angle plate (33) has an L-shaped cross section and is in sliding clamping connection with the bottom wall of the installation bin (1), and in addition, the angle plate (33) is vertically arranged
The straight section and the horizontal section of the straight opening frame (31) are installed in a sliding clamping fit manner;
A closing plate (34) which is arranged in the middle of the end surface of the side end surface of the angle plate (33) far away from the straight opening frame (31) in a clamping way
To close off the hatch (16) and the length of the closure plate (34) is greater than the width of the hatch (16);
the number of the separating and combining columns (35) is two, and the separating and combining columns are installed in the middle of the vertical plate (32) in a sliding clamping manner;
Arrow plate (36) which is clamped and installed at the middle position of the end face of one side of the two separating and combining columns (35) close to the straight port frame (31);
the main closing column (37) is clamped and installed in the middle of the end face of the arrow board (36) far away from the opening and closing column (35);
a central control rod (38) rotatably mounted in the middle of the end surface of the main column (37) far from the straight opening frame (31) and the same as
The main closing columns (37) are also arranged through torsion springs (285);
the bracelet (39) is clamped and installed at one end of the central control stem far away from the straight port frame (31);
The outer wall of the opening and closing column (35) is sleeved with a return spring (351) positioned between the vertical plate (32) and the vertical section of the angle plate (33), the return spring (351) is fixedly connected with the vertical plate (32) and the vertical section of the angle plate (33), the middle position of the outer wall of the middle control rod (38) is symmetrically clamped and provided with an opening plate (352), one side end face of the vertical section of the straight opening frame (31) far away from the middle position of the storage bin (1) is clamped and provided with an outer closing sleeve (353) which is coaxially arranged with the middle control rod (38), in addition, the outer closing sleeve (353) is matched and installed with the opening plate (352) in a sliding clamping manner, straight mouth groove (354) that are used for leading opening board (352) are offered to outer cover (353) inner wall in symmetry form, and outer cover (353) inner wall is close to straight mouth frame (31) one end and is central symmetry offered annular (355), and quantity is two, and annular (355) cross-section shape is quarter annular structure, and in addition, annular (355) radius equals with the perpendicular distance between opening board (352) and the center control lever (38), and recess (356) are all offered to every annular (355) one end for restriction opening board (352) position.
2. The biochar based fertilizer applicator for cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cleaning unit (4) comprises:
The number of the fixed rods (41) is two, and the fixed rods are arranged at the middle position of the outer wall of the vertical section at one side of the middle cabin (24) in a plug-in manner;
The outer hook plates (42) are arranged on one side end surface of the front Wei Zhu (13) in a clamping manner through mounting seats, the vertical sections of the outer hook plates (42) are arranged with the fixed mounting rods (41) in a plug-in manner, and in addition, the positions of the outer hook plates (42) and the bottom closing cabin (25) are in one-to-one correspondence;
the inner hook plates (43) are detachably arranged at the middle position of the outer wall of the vertical section at the other side of the middle closing cabin (24) through bolts, and correspond to the outer hook plates (42) one by one;
The shaft pedestal (44) is cross-shaped in section and is installed in the middle of the horizontal section of the inner hook plate (43) in a sliding clamping fit manner;
The number of the telescopic columns (45) is four, and the telescopic columns are connected with four corners of one side end surface of the mounting shaft pedestal (44) close to the outer hook plate (42) in a clamping manner;
the pneumatic rod (46) is clamped and installed in the middle of one side end surface of the shaft pedestal (44) close to the outer hook plate (42);
the sheet plates (47) are connected with one ends of the four telescopic columns (45) away from the shaft pedestal (44) in a clamping manner, and are fixedly arranged with one ends of the pneumatic rods (46) away from the shaft pedestal (44);
the number of the angle shovels (48) is two, and the angle shovels are symmetrically clamped and arranged in the middle of the end face of one side of the sheet plate (47) close to the outer hook plate (42).
3. The biochar based fertilizer applicator for cultivation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the angle shovel (48) is close to outer hook plate (42) one end and is array evenly distributed has tooth piece (481), and the cross-section shape of tooth piece (481) is triangle-shaped, and angle shovel (48) are close to interior hook plate (43) one side terminal surface intermediate position even joint and are provided with wind tube head (482), two just opposite the joint is installed strengthening rib (483) between angle shovel (48).
4. The biochar based fertilizer applicator for cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper closing cabin (23) and the collecting cabin (28) are both provided with a feeding port end larger than a discharging port end of the upper closing cabin, in addition, the upper closing cabin (23) and the inner space from the feeding port end of the collecting cabin (28) to the discharging port end are in stepped descending, and the outlet end of the bottom closing cabin (25) is provided with a right-angle chamfer design.
5. The biochar based fertilizer applicator for cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the depth of the ring groove (355) is larger than the width of the opening and closing plate (352).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410238957.3A CN117837357B (en) | 2024-03-04 | 2024-03-04 | Biochar base fertilizer application device for cultivation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410238957.3A CN117837357B (en) | 2024-03-04 | 2024-03-04 | Biochar base fertilizer application device for cultivation |
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| CN117837357B true CN117837357B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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| CN218200163U (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2023-01-03 | 巢湖市通祥水泥机械设备有限公司 | Cement hopper convenient to switch |
| CN116280746A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-06-23 | 淮安普瑞纳饲料有限公司 | Anti-blocking type powder feed discharging device |
| CN219383794U (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-07-21 | 淮北德兰和创生物科技有限公司 | Automatic unloader of condiment processing |
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| JP2007075065A (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-03-29 | Yanmar Co Ltd | Fertilization unit |
| CN104904378A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-09-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Orchard remote control electric pit-digging fertilizer applicator |
| CN107690911A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-16 | 宁波华又网络科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural fertilizer device for preventing conveying from blocking |
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| CN215648199U (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-01-28 | 杨雪 | Multi-functional fertilization equipment of horticulture |
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| CN116280746A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-06-23 | 淮安普瑞纳饲料有限公司 | Anti-blocking type powder feed discharging device |
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| CN117837357A (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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