CN117826046A - Method, computer program product and measurement application device - Google Patents
Method, computer program product and measurement application device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117826046A CN117826046A CN202211198870.5A CN202211198870A CN117826046A CN 117826046 A CN117826046 A CN 117826046A CN 202211198870 A CN202211198870 A CN 202211198870A CN 117826046 A CN117826046 A CN 117826046A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- calibration
- output
- ports
- connection
- port
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a method for calibrating a measurement application equipment, wherein the measurement application equipment comprises a measurement application device having a predetermined first number of signal ports; wherein the measurement application equipment further comprises a switching matrix having a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output groups, wherein the number of input ports and the number of output groups is equal to the first number, wherein each of the input ports is capable of being coupled to one of the signal ports of the measurement application device; and wherein each output group is assigned to one of the input ports, and wherein each output group comprises a second number of output ports, and wherein one of the output ports of one of the output groups is controllably coupleable to the corresponding one of the input ports to which that output group is assigned in each case. The method comprises the following steps: detecting a connection of the calibration unit to a first output port of a first output group and detecting a connection of the calibration unit to another output port of another output group; performing a calibration measurement for a connection between the first output port and the further output port; repeating the detecting step and repeating the step of performing calibration measurements between the output ports of the first output group and the output ports of the other output group such that each of the output ports is used for at least one calibration; based on the result of the calibration measurement, a full system error correction S-parameter matrix is calculated for all output ports of the switching matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to methods, computer program products, and measurement application devices.
Background
Although applicable to any measurement application device, the present disclosure will be described primarily in connection with vector network analyzers.
During development or maintenance of electronic devices, it is often necessary to measure the electrical characteristics of such electronic devices.
The measurement setup for performing such measurements may be complex and may require complex calibration before performing the measurements.
Thus, there is a need to simplify calibration of test equipment.
The applicant has known the following prior art documents, US6882160, titled: "Methods and computer program products for full N-port vector network analyzer calibrations", and US20140236517A1, titled: "Method for Calibrating a Vector Network Analyzer".
Disclosure of Invention
The above-mentioned problems are solved by the features of the independent claims. It is to be understood that the independent claims of one claim category may be formed similarly to the dependent claims of another claim category.
Thus, there is provided:
a method for calibrating a measurement application equipment, wherein the measurement application equipment comprises a measurement application device having a predetermined first number of signal ports; wherein the measurement application equipment further comprises a switching matrix having a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output groups, wherein the number of input ports and the number of output groups is equal to the first number, wherein each of the input ports is capable of being coupled to one of the signal ports of the measurement application device; and wherein each output group is assigned to one of the input ports, and wherein each output group comprises a second number of output ports, and wherein one of the output ports of one of the output groups is controllably coupleable to the corresponding one of the input ports to which that output group is assigned in each case. The method comprises the following steps: detecting a connection of the calibration unit to a first output port of a first output group and detecting a connection of the calibration unit to another output port of another output group; performing a calibration measurement for a connection between the first output port and the further output port; repeating the detecting step and repeating the step of performing calibration measurements between the output ports of the first output group and the output ports of the other output group such that each of the output ports is used for at least one calibration; based on the result of the calibration measurement, a full system error correction S-parameter matrix is calculated for all output ports of the switching matrix.
Furthermore, there is provided:
a computer program product comprising computer readable instructions which, when executed by a processing unit, cause the processing unit to perform the method according to any of the preceding claims.
Furthermore, there is provided:
a measurement application device is coupled to a switching matrix to include a first number of input ports and a first number of output groups, wherein each output group is assigned to one of the input ports, and wherein each output group includes a second number of output ports, and wherein one of the output ports of one of the output groups is controllably coupled in each case to a respective one of the input ports to which the output group is assigned. The measurement application device comprises a plurality of signal ports, wherein the number of signal ports is equal to the first number, and wherein each signal port is coupleable to one input port of the switching matrix. The measurement application device further comprises a controller configured to detect a connection of the calibration unit to a first output port of the first output group via a connection of one of the signal ports to a respective input port; and detecting a connection of the calibration unit to another output port of the other output group via a connection of another of the signal ports to the respective input port; performing a calibration measurement of the connection between the first output port and the further output port; repeating the detecting step and repeating the step of performing calibration measurements between the output ports of the first output group and the output ports of the other output group such that each of the output ports is used for at least one calibration; and calculating a full system error correction S-parameter matrix for all output ports of the switching matrix based on the result of the calibration measurements.
The present disclosure is based on the following findings: in many measurement scenarios, a switching matrix that is not fully crossed is used. Such non-full-cross-switching matrices are less complex than full-cross-switching matrices that include more components and signal traces, and include improved RF performance.
However, calibrating the measurement setup using a non-full cross-exchange matrix is a very complex task.
For example, in a measurement application setup, a 4-port measurement application device may be used with a 2-port calibration unit and a 64-port switching matrix. In such a measurement application arrangement, four signal ports of the measurement application device may be coupled to four input ports of the switching matrix, and 64 output ports of the switching matrix may be grouped into four output groups of 16 output ports each, while the output ports of each output group may be internally controllably coupled one at a time to a respective one of the input ports of the switching matrix.
With the known method 256 4-port calibrations need to be performed, wherein a 4-port calibration with a 2-port calibration unit results in three measurement steps, thus only for calibrating the measurement setup, resulting in a total of 768 measurement steps with a through calibration standard, and three further measurement steps with each port of three other calibration standards, such as a short circuit calibration standard, a matching calibration standard and an open circuit calibration standard.
The present disclosure significantly reduces the number of measurement steps required to perform a complete calibration of such measurement setup.
The method according to the present disclosure may be used with or may be performed by or in a measurement application arrangement having a measurement application device according to the respective apparatus-based claim.
Such measurement application equipment comprises at least two main elements, a measurement application device and a switching matrix. The measurement application device may for example comprise a network analyzer, in particular a vector network analyzer, also called VNA (vector network analyzer). The switching matrix may comprise a switching matrix that is not a full-cross switching matrix, also referred to in this disclosure as a non-full-cross switching matrix or simply a switching matrix. It should be appreciated that the switching matrix may be provided as a dedicated device or may be provided as part of or integrated into the measurement application device.
The measurement application device comprises a predetermined first number of signal ports. The first number may also be referred to as N. Furthermore, the switching matrix comprises N input ports and N output groups, each output group having a second number of output ports. Each signal port of the measurement application device may be coupled to one input port of the switching matrix. The signal ports of the measurement application device may each be coupled to one of the input ports of the switching matrix, for example by means of a cable or a respective support, in particular a metallic or conductive support. At the same time, only one of the output ports of an output group may be coupled to a corresponding input port of a corresponding group at the same time. Furthermore, the signal ports of the measurement application device may be oriented on the same side of the housing of the measurement application device as the input ports of the switching matrix on the housing of the switching matrix. This provides a simple way of accessing the ports. In particular, if the measurement application device and the switching matrix are mounted in a rack and the back of the device is not easily accessible, these ports may face forward.
When it is stated in the present disclosure that the measurement application device comprises N signal ports and the switching matrix comprises N input ports and N output groups, the expression is understood to also comprise that the measurement application device comprises more signal ports than the switching matrix (comprising input ports and output groups), or vice versa. Thus, in case the number of signal ports of the measurement application device is different from the number of input ports and groups of the switching matrix, the number N refers to the number of signal ports of the measurement application device coupled to one of the input ports of the switching matrix.
In the switching matrix, each output group is assigned to one input port, and each output group includes a second number of output ports. The second number may also be denoted as M. In each group, one output port of the group is controllably coupled one at a time to a corresponding one of the input ports to which the output group is assigned. These input ports may not be coupled to output ports belonging to another output group. To this end, each output group may comprise a respective switch or switching means, in each case, controllably coupling one of the output ports to a corresponding input port. Furthermore, it should be understood that only one of the signal ports of the measurement application device may be coupled to one of the input ports of the switching matrix at the same time.
In an exemplary embodiment, the measurement application device may be a vector network analyzer having four signal ports, and the switching matrix may include four input ports and four output groups, each having sixteen output ports.
It should be understood that the terms input port and output port are not limited to a particular signal direction. Conversely, an input port refers to a port that couples the switching matrix to a signal port of the measurement application device, and an output port refers to a port that couples the switching matrix to the device under test or calibration unit.
Calibration according to the present disclosure is performed by connecting the calibration unit to a first output port of a first output group and to another output port of another output group, but not to two output ports of the same output group. For this connection, calibration measurements are performed, in particular by the measurement application device.
After performing the first calibration measurement, performing further calibration measurements, wherein the number of calibration measurements is equal to (N x M) -1, and wherein each output port is for at least one calibration measurement.
Based on all these calibration measurements, a full system error correction S-parameter matrix for all output ports of the switching matrix can be calculated and used in subsequent measurements to correct the measurements and eliminate the effect of the measurement application equipment on the measurement results.
Details of calculating the full system error correction S parameter matrix will be explained in more detail below with reference to fig. 6-12.
In an exemplary measurement application setup, a 4-port measurement application device and a switching matrix with 4 input ports and 16 output ports per output group are provided, the number of measurements is thus reduced to (4 x 16) -1=63 calibration measurements.
It should be appreciated that typically in measurement application equipment, M will be greater than N.
As described above, to perform a full calibration of such measurement application equipment, 256 4-port calibrations are required. With the full system error correction S-parameter matrix determined according to the present disclosure, 256 4-port calibrations can be determined based on 63 dual-port calibration measurements without having to perform 768 measurements with a pass-through calibration standard.
Of course, measurement applications having any other number of signal ports may be used, such as 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 signal ports. The switching matrix may include the same number of input ports and groups.
It should be appreciated that the method according to the present disclosure may be performed in a measurement application device. For example, a processor or processing unit of the measurement application device may execute a computer program product comprising instructions that, when executed by the processor or processing unit, cause the measurement application device to perform the steps of the methods of the present disclosure.
In embodiments, such a processor or processing unit may be implemented in a dedicated device. Such dedicated devices may be coupled to and control the measurement application device and the switching matrix accordingly. In an embodiment, the processor or processing unit may be implemented, for example, in a calibration unit.
The processor or processing unit may be provided as a dedicated processing element, such as a processing unit, microcontroller, field programmable gate array, FPGA, complex programmable logic device, CPLD, or the like. The processor or processing unit may also be provided, at least in part, as a computer program product including computer-readable instructions executable by the processing element. In another embodiment, the processor or processing unit may be provided as additional or additional functionality or methods of the firmware or operating system of the processing element that is already present in the respective application as respective computer readable instructions. Such computer readable instructions may be stored in a memory coupled to or integrated into a processing element. The processing element may load computer readable instructions from memory and execute the instructions.
Further, it should be understood that any desired support or additional hardware may be provided, such as power supply circuitry and clock generation circuitry.
Other embodiments of the disclosure are the subject matter of the other dependent claims and the following description with reference to the drawings.
In one embodiment, the calibration measurement may be performed on all combinations of connections where the first output port is coupled to all other output ports of the other output group via the calibration unit.
In this embodiment, the first output port may be referred to as a first reference port. The first reference port serves as a basis for performing measurements on all ports of all other output groups except the output group including the first reference port.
The steps of detecting the connection between the first output port or the reference port and the calibration unit, and the steps of detecting the connection between the other ports and the calibration unit, and performing the calibration measurement may be repeated for all possible combinations of the reference port and the output ports of the other output groups than the output group to which the reference port belongs.
Thus, for this embodiment, (N-1) x M measurements will be performed, all with reference ports connected to the calibration unit. This means that most calibration measurements can be performed by changing only one coupling connection of the calibration unit.
In a further embodiment, the calibration measurement may be performed on all output ports of the first output group, except for the first output port (at least one output port coupled to one of the other output groups via the calibration unit), in particular the output port to which the first output port has been previously coupled.
In this embodiment, calibration measurements may be performed on all other output ports of the first group or groups to which the first reference port belongs, in combination with ports of any other output groups to which the first reference port was previously coupled.
To this end, the output ports of one of the other groups may be permanently coupled to one port of the calibration unit. This port may be referred to as a second reference port. The calibration unit may then be coupled on its other port to all other output ports of the first set to perform the corresponding calibration measurements. Using the second reference port with the other output ports of the first set for all measurements reduces cabling effort.
The steps of detecting a connection between the first set of output ports and the calibration unit, and detecting a connection between the other ports of the other output set, i.e. the second reference port, and the calibration unit, and performing calibration measurements, may be repeated for all possible combinations of one of the output ports of the first set and the other output set, i.e. the second reference port, except for the first reference output port.
Thus, for this embodiment, the remaining M-1 measurements will be performed, the calibration unit then being coupled to all output ports of the first set except the first reference port. It should be appreciated that the same output port of one of the other output groups may be used for all calibration measurements of the output ports of the first group. This reduces the re-routing effort required between two measurements.
With the method according to this embodiment, the S-parameters between all possible combinations of two output ports of different output groups of the switching matrix can be calculated even if the two ports are not connected together by the calibration unit. For example, a first output port P of the first group 1 All output ports P which can be coupled to the second output group by means of a calibration unit 17 –P 32 . Second output ports P of the first group 2 And all other output ports may be coupled to the second set of first output ports P via the calibration unit 17 . By determining the S-parameters for these connections, the S-parameters of any other connection can be calculated, e.g. the second port P of the first group 2 To a second port P of a second group 18 A connection between them.
In yet another embodiment, the calibration unit may include at least one calibration standard unit, and the calibration standard unit may include at least one of an open circuit calibration standard (open calibration standard), a short circuit calibration standard (short calibration standard), a matching calibration standard (match calibration standard), and a pass-through calibration standard (through calibration standard).
The calibration unit may be a dual port calibration unit. The calibration standard cell may be a controllable cell that may be controlled to couple a respective one of an open circuit calibration standard, a short circuit calibration standard, a matching calibration standard, and a pass-through calibration standard to at least one port of the calibration cell.
In an embodiment, the calibration unit may comprise two calibration standards of each type except for a pass-through calibration standard. This allows calibration measurements of the first or reference output port and the other output port to be performed simultaneously.
In other embodiments, the calibration standard cell may be configured to couple one of the calibration standards to a first port of the calibration cell and the other of the calibration standards to a second port of the calibration cell. The calibration standard unit may then cycle through different calibration standards such that for each measurement, a different calibration standard is coupled to each port of the calibration unit. This allows measurements to be subsequently performed in parallel with all the different calibration standards at both ports of the calibration unit without the need to provide each calibration standard twice.
It should be understood that each port may include a signal conductor and a shield or ground, as in coaxial connectors and cables, and that the calibration reference may be coupled between the signal conductor and the shield or ground.
An open circuit calibration standard is a calibration standard that simulates the open or unconnected state of a corresponding port. In the case where an open circuit calibration standard is coupled to the port, the signal conductor and shield or ground are not coupled to each other through the open circuit calibration standard.
The short circuit calibration standard is a calibration standard that simulates a corresponding port short circuit. In the case where a short circuit calibration standard is coupled to the port, the signal conductor and shield or ground are electrically coupled to each other through a short circuit calibration standard having a non-resistive or low-resistive connection.
The matching calibration standard is a calibration standard that couples a predetermined resistance to the corresponding port. The matching calibration standard may comprise a resistance of 50 ohms or 75 ohms, for example. It should be appreciated that any other resistance is also possible. In the case where a matching calibration standard is coupled to a port, the signal conductors and shield or ground of the port are coupled to each other via a connection comprising respective resistors.
In contrast to other calibration standards, a pass-through calibration standard does not affect a single port, but rather couples a first port of a calibration unit to a second port of the calibration unit.
It should be appreciated that the calibration standard cell may be manually controlled. However, in other embodiments, the calibration standard cell may be electronically controlled. For this purpose, the calibration standard unit may comprise a corresponding control interface.
In an embodiment, the control interface may be coupled to a control port of the measurement application device, in particular in case the measurement application device performs the method according to the present disclosure. In other embodiments, the calibration control unit may perform a method according to the present disclosure. Such a calibration control unit may be coupled to the control port of the calibration standard unit and to the measurement application device to control both elements. The control port may be any suitable type of port, such as a USB port, an ethernet port, or a digital bus port.
In another embodiment, performing the calibration measurement may include performing the measurement using a pass-through calibration standard configured in the calibration unit.
As described above, the pass-through calibration standard interconnects the two ports to which the calibration unit is coupled. Thus, calibration measurements using a pass-through calibration standard allow to determine parameters related to the properties of the signal connection between two output ports coupled to the calibration unit.
Thus, with such a measurement, the signal transmission characteristics of the entire signal chain from one signal port of the measurement application device to the other signal port of the measurement application device can be measured.
In one embodiment, performing the calibration measurement may include utilizing a measurement of an open circuit calibration standard configured at a first connection of the calibration unit, utilizing a measurement of a short circuit calibration standard configured at the first connection of the calibration unit, utilizing a measurement of a matching calibration standard configured at the first connection of the calibration unit, utilizing a measurement of an open circuit calibration standard configured at a second connection of the calibration unit, utilizing a measurement of a short circuit calibration standard configured at the second connection of the calibration unit, and utilizing a measurement of a matching calibration standard configured at the second connection of the calibration unit.
Performing measurements using open circuit, short circuit, and matching calibration standards allows parameters to be determined that relate to measuring properties of individual output ports of the application equipment.
Thus, in the context of the present disclosure, the term "calibration measurement" may refer to a set or collection of individual measurements that may be performed with a calibration unit coupled to the same two output ports.
As described above, the measurement may be performed subsequently. For this purpose, the calibration unit can be actively controlled to configure the required calibration standard.
Also as described above, alternatively, in each case, two measurements may be performed in parallel at each output port coupled to the calibration unit.
For each combination of two output ports, a total of seven separate measurements can be made. Three measurements of an open calibration standard, a short calibration standard, and a matching calibration standard may be performed for each output port, and a single measurement may be performed between the two output ports using a pass-through calibration standard.
In yet another embodiment, the step of detecting connections may each include indicating to the user the required connections.
Detecting the connection of the calibration unit to the first output port and detecting the connection of the calibration unit to the other output port may be performed in a semi-automatic manner, wherein the user is instructed to perform the corresponding coupling or connection.
Such an embodiment allows to indicate to the user which output port should be coupled to the calibration unit, and the user can then couple the corresponding port to the calibration unit.
An advantage of having the user couple the calibration unit to the respective port is that the user can pre-connect the cable to all required ports of the switching matrix and perform each calibration measurement with the respective cable connected to the respective port. These cables may also be used in measurement application equipment when performing measurements on the device under test DUT (device under test). The single cable used in measuring the DUT can also calibrate the characteristics of the individual cables as compared to using two cables permanently connected to a calibration apparatus. The use of only two cables and connecting these cables to the respective ports would include only the characteristics of the two cables, which would not then be used for measurement of the DUT, thus reducing the quality of the calibration.
The indication to the user may be performed by any means sufficient to display to the user the exact port to be coupled to the calibration unit. Such an indication may for example comprise at least one of the following: a graphical indication on the display of the measurement application device, a visual indication (such as an indicator light) at the switch matrix port, and an audible indication.
In yet another embodiment, the step of detecting the connection may each further comprise waiting for confirmation of the corresponding connection by the user.
After indicating the user, the steps of detecting the connection of the calibration unit to the first output port and detecting the connection of the calibration unit to the further output port may further comprise obtaining a confirmation of the user.
To this end, the user may be provided with an input element to confirm that the required connection is performed. Such input elements may for example comprise buttons displayed on a touch screen of the measurement application device or physical buttons on a user interface of the measurement application device. Such buttons may also be provided on the switching matrix.
In other embodiments, the input element may include a sound recording element, such as a microphone, and a voice recognition unit capable of recognizing that the user utters a particular keyword. Such keywords may include at least one preset word, such as at least one of "OK" or "done". Of course, the keywords may also be user configurable.
The use of verbal commands or keywords to receive user confirmation allows the user to keep his hands and eyes on the actual measurement application equipment.
In another embodiment, the step of detecting connections may each further comprise detecting that the indicated connection is established by performing a corresponding measurement.
When the calibration unit is coupled to a port of the switching matrix, the presence of the calibration standard at each port will affect the electrical characteristics that can be measured at each port.
Furthermore, as noted, the switching matrix may be controlled to couple a respective one of the output ports to a respective one of the input ports. It is thus known which signal port of the application device is coupled to which output port.
Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the corresponding output port is also coupled to the calibration unit. This can be easily detected by performing a measurement and comparing the measurement result with an expected result, which is known to which corresponding output port the calibration unit should be coupled to.
Thus, the measurement application device may perform repeated measurements while waiting for a user to couple a calibration unit to a respective one of the output ports, and if the measurement results indicate accordingly, detect that the calibration unit is to be coupled to the respective output port. In an embodiment, it is sufficient that at least one parameter of the measurement (e.g. resistance) changes accordingly.
As noted above, the calibration unit may be configured to couple one of the plurality of calibration standards to a respective output port. To further support automatic detection of connections, the calibration unit may be configured to couple one of the calibration standards to a corresponding output port, which is easily detected by measurement. Such calibration standards may include, for example, at least one of a short circuit calibration standard and a matching calibration standard.
Drawings
For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The disclosure will be explained in more detail below by way of example embodiments specified in the schematic drawings of the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of a measurement application device according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of measurement application equipment according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 illustrates another block diagram of an embodiment of the measurement application apparatus of FIG. 3, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 illustrates another block diagram of an embodiment of the measurement application apparatus of FIG. 3, in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 shows an error model diagram of a dual port connection;
FIG. 7 shows another schematic diagram of a dual port connected error model;
FIG. 8 shows another schematic diagram of a dual port connected error model;
FIG. 9 shows another schematic of an error model;
FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of one possible connection model;
FIG. 11 shows another schematic diagram of a possible connection model;
fig. 12 shows another possible connection model.
In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements unless otherwise specified.
Detailed Description
For clarity, in the following description of fig. 1 based on the method, reference numerals used will be kept in the description of fig. 2-12.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for calibrating a measurement application arrangement 205.
The measurement application equipment 205 may include measurement application devices 100, 200 having a predetermined first number of signal ports 102-1-102-n and 202-1-202-4, respectively. The measurement application apparatus 205 may further comprise a switching matrix 210 having a plurality of input ports 211-1-211-4 and a plurality of output groups 212-1-212-4, wherein the number of input ports 211-1-211-4 and the number of output groups 212-1-212-4 are equal to the first number, wherein each of the input ports 211-1-211-4 may be coupled to one of the signal ports 102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4 of the measurement application device 100, 200. Each of the output groups 212-1-212-4 is assigned to one of the input ports 211-1-211-4, and each of the output groups 212-1-212-4 includes a second number of output ports 213-1-213-64. One of the output ports 213-1-213-64 of an output group is in each case controllably coupled to a corresponding one of the assigned input ports 211-1-211-4 of the output group.
The method comprises the following steps: s1, detecting a connection of the calibration unit 215 to a first output port 213-1-213-64 of a first one of the output groups 212-1-212-4, and S2, detecting a connection of the calibration unit 215 to another output port 213-1-213-64 of another one of the output groups 212-1-212-4. Furthermore, the method comprises S3, performing a calibration measurement of the connection between the first output port 213-1-213-64 and the further output port 213-1-213-64.
The detecting steps of S1, S2 and the step S3 of the calibration measurement performed between the output ports 213-1-213-64 of the first output group 212-1-212-4 and the output ports 213-1-213-64 of the other output group 212-1-212-4 are repeated such that each of the output ports 213-1-213-64 is used for at least one calibration measurement.
The method further comprises S4 calculating a full system error correction S parameter matrix for all output ports 213-1-213-64 of the switching matrix 210 based on the result of the calibration measurement.
Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a measurement application device 100. The measurement application device 100 may be coupled to a switching matrix, which will be explained with reference to fig. 2.
Such a switching matrix may comprise a first number of input ports, and a first number of output groups, wherein each output group may be assigned to one of the input ports, and wherein each output group comprises a second number of output ports, and wherein one of the output ports of one of the output groups is in each case controllably coupled to a respective one of the input ports to which the output group is assigned.
The measurement application device 100 includes a plurality of signal ports 102-1-102-n coupled to the controller 101, and an optional display 103 coupled to the controller 101.
In fig. 2, only two signal ports 102-1-102-n are shown, three of which suggest more signal ports. The number of signal ports 102-1-102-n may be equal to the first number and each of the signal ports 102-1-102-n may be coupled to one of the input ports of the switching matrix.
The controller 101 is configured to detect a connection of a calibration unit (see fig. 2) to a first signal port of a first output group via a connection of one of the signal ports 102-1-102-n to a respective input port and to detect a connection of the calibration unit to another output port of another output group via a connection from another of the signal ports 102-1-102-n to a respective input port. As described above, detecting may refer to automatically detecting the connection by measurement or by receiving a corresponding user confirmation.
The controller 101 is further configured to perform calibration measurements on the connection between the first output port and the further output port and to repeat the steps of detecting and performing calibration measurements between the output ports of the first output group and the output ports of the further output group such that each output port is used for at least one calibration measurement.
Further, the controller 101 is configured to calculate a full system error correction S-parameter matrix for all output ports of the switching matrix based on the result of the calibration measurement.
The controller 101 may also be configured to perform calibration measurements on all combinations of all other output ports of the first output port coupled to the other output groups via the calibration unit. Additionally or alternatively, the controller 101 may be configured to perform calibration measurements on all combinations of output ports of the first output group, except for the first output port (at least one output port coupled to one of the other output groups via a calibration unit).
The calibration unit of the measurement application equipment may comprise at least one calibration standard unit, and the calibration standard unit may comprise at least one of an open circuit calibration standard, a short circuit calibration standard, a matching calibration standard, and a pass-through calibration standard.
In such embodiments, when performing calibration measurements, the controller 101 may be configured to perform the measurements using the pass-through calibration standard configured in the calibration unit. Additionally or alternatively, when performing the calibration measurement, the controller 101 may be configured to perform the calibration measurement by performing at least one of the following measurements: the method includes measuring with an open circuit calibration standard configured at a first connection of the calibration unit, measuring with a short circuit calibration standard configured at the first connection of the calibration unit, measuring with a matching calibration standard configured at the first connection of the calibration unit, measuring with an open circuit calibration standard configured at a second connection of the calibration unit, measuring with a short circuit calibration standard configured at the second connection of the calibration unit, and measuring with a matching calibration standard configured at the second connection of the calibration unit.
When detecting a connection, the controller 101 may also be configured to indicate to the user the required connection and in particular to wait for a confirmation of the respective connection by the user or to detect that the indicated connection is established by performing the respective measurement.
As described above, the indication may be provided as a visual indication. For example as an indication on the display 103. Alternatively, an audible indication or any other type of user-perceivable indication may be provided, for example, via an augmented reality system.
FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of one embodiment of measurement application equipment 205.
The measurement application equipment 205 includes the measurement application device 200 based on the measurement application device 100. Thus, the measurement application device 200 comprises four signal ports 202-1-202-4 coupled to the controller 201, and a display 103 coupled to the controller 101 for displaying information to a user.
The measurement application equipment 205 further comprises a switching matrix 210 and a calibration unit 215.
The switching matrix 210 includes a first number of four input ports 211-1-211-4 and a first number of four output groups 212-1-212-4, wherein each of the output groups 212-1-212-4 is assigned to one of the input ports 211-1-211-4. Each of the output groups 212-1-212-4 includes a second number of output ports 213-1-213-64, and one of the output ports 213-1-213-64 of an output group is controllably coupled to a respective one of the assigned input ports 211-1-211-4 of that output group 212-1-212-4 in each case. In the example shown, each output group 212-1-212-4 includes 16 output ports 213-1-213-64. This means that output ports 213-1-213-16 may be coupled individually to input port 211-1, output ports 213-17-213-32 may be coupled individually to input port 211-2, output ports 213-33-213-48 may be coupled individually to input port 211-3, and output ports 213-49-213-64 may be coupled individually to input port 211-4. Although not explicitly shown, it should be appreciated that the switching matrix 210 may include respective switching means for coupling each of the output ports 213-1-213-64 to a respective one of the input ports 211-1-211-4.
Each of the four signal ports 202-1-202-4 is coupled to one of the input ports 211-1-211-4. Thus, output ports 213-1-213-16 may be individually coupled to signal port 202-1 via input port 211-1, output ports 213-17-213-32 may be individually coupled to signal port 202-2 via input port 211-2, output ports 213-33-213-48 may be individually coupled to signal port 202-3 via input port 211-3, and output ports 213-49-213-64 may be individually coupled to signal port 202-4 via input port 211-4.
The calibration unit 215 includes two ports 216-1, 216-2. The first port 216-1 is coupled to the output port 213-1, the output port 213-1 being the first output port of the first output group 212-1. The second port 216-2 is coupled to the output port 213-17, the output port 213-17 being the first output port of the second output group 212-2.
Illustratively, the calibration unit 215 also includes seven calibration standards that may be coupled to at least one of the two ports 216-1, 216-2. In the illustrated embodiment, the calibration unit 215 includes two open circuit calibration standards 217-1-217-7, two short circuit calibration standards 217-1-217-7, two matching calibration standards 217-1-217-7, and one pass-through calibration standard 217-1-217-7.
In each case, one of the two open calibration standards 217-1-217-7, the two short calibration standards 217-1-217-7, the two matching calibration standards 217-1-217-7 may be controllably coupled to one of the two ports 216-1, 216-2. The pass-through calibration standards 217-1-217-7 may be controllably coupled between the two ports 216-1, 216-2.
Fig. 4 shows another block diagram of a measurement application equipment 205 that may be used to perform calibration of the measurement application equipment 205, particularly in a first stage of measurement.
In the measurement application arrangement 205, the output ports 213-17-213-64 of the output groups 212-2-212-4 are marked with dashed lines. The dashed fill indicates that calibration measurements are to be performed on each combination of the first output port 213-1 and each of the output ports 213-17-213-64 of the output groups 212-2-212-4.
As described above, an indication may be provided to the user to indicate that a respective one of the output ports 213-17-213-64 of the output groups 212-2-212-4 is coupled to the second port 216-2 of the calibration unit 215. After performing the corresponding calibration measurement, another indication may be provided to the user indicating that the next one of the output ports 213-17-213-64 of the output group 212-2-212-4 is coupled to the second port 216-2 of the calibration unit 215 until measurements are performed on all of the output ports 213-17-213-64 of the output group 212-2-212-4.
Fig. 5 shows another block diagram of the measurement application equipment 205, which may be used to perform a calibration of the measurement application equipment 205, in particular during the second phase of the measurement.
In the measurement application arrangement 205 of fig. 5, the output ports 213-1-213-16 of the first output group 212-1 are marked with dashed lines. The dashed fill indicates that calibration measurements are to be performed on each combination of the output ports 213-1-213-16 of the first output group 212-1 and the first output port 213-17 of the output group 212-2.
As described above, an indication may be provided to the user to indicate that a corresponding one of the output ports 213-1-213-16 of the output group 212-1 is coupled to the first port 216-1 of the calibration unit 215. After performing the corresponding calibration measurement, another indication may be provided to the user indicating that the next one of the output ports 213-1-213-16 of the output group 212-1 is coupled to the first port 216-1 of the calibration unit 215 until measurements are performed on all of the output ports 213-1-213-16 of the output group 212-1.
After performing the calibration measurements such that each of the output ports 213-1-213-64 is used for at least one calibration measurement, the controller 201 may calculate a full system error correction S-parameter matrix for all of the output ports 213-1-213-64 of the switching matrix 210 based on the results of the calibration measurements. The details of the calculation of the full system error correction S parameter matrix will be explained in more detail below.
Fig. 6 shows an error model diagram for a dual port connection. The error model of the dual port connection is a ten term error model. Each error term is physically distinct but may not be directly and clearly determinable by calibration measurements.
The term represented by R refers to the reflected tracking error, the term represented by S refers to the S parameter or the source matching parameter, the term represented by D refers to the directional error term, the term represented by L refers to the leading matching error term, the term represented by T refers to the transmitted tracking term, and the term represented by F refers to the forward tracking term.
FIG. 7 shows a partial error model diagram of a dual port connection, wherein the partial error model includes term D of the first port 12 、F 12 、R 12 、S 12 、T 12 And L 12 。
Item F 12 Multiplied by x and the term R 12 And T 12 Divided by x. The 5-term partial error model can be scaled by x without changing the S parameter. Typically, the factor x may be chosen to be x=1/FT, so that the error term can be determined explicitly. D. S and L are not modified.
Fig. 8 shows another diagram of the error model of fig. 6, which explains the relationship between forward and reverse if the gate (gate) characteristics are independent of the direction in which the gate is driven, rather than driving the gate without being excited by waves.
Door 1 can be described as (without normalized connection 1-2):
Γ 21 ＝a 1m /b 1m When the door is not driven.
These two models result in:
a 1 ＝F 12 a 1m +S 12 b 1
b 1m ＝D 12 a 1m +R 12 b 1
a since the door is not driven 1m Can be set as follows: a, a 1m ＝Γ 21 b 1m
This gives:
b 1m ＝b 1 R 12 /(1-D 12 Γ 21 )＝b 1 T 21
Γ 21 can be determined as
Γ 21 Irrespective of the normalization, it can be determined by x.
Fig. 9 shows another diagram of an error model for explaining the comparability of error terms.
Since normalized with x, the following assumptions are valid at gate 2:
D 21 ＝D 23
S 23 ＝S 21
because R is 23 ＝R 21 (same door) and F 23 ＝F 21 (door is the same)
L 21 ＝L 23
However:because of T 23 ＝T 21 And F 23 ≠F 21
This means that none of the gate variables are dependent on the gate combination, except
Therefore, the error term needs to be renormalized for comparison.
The problem is F 12 And F 32 May be uncertain, but score F 12 /F 32 Possibly determined.
The relationship between error terms without renormalization is:
/>
if F is known 12 Then F can be determined 21 . Since at the same gate, the following assumption is valid F ij ＝F ik Hence the subscript j may be deleted: f (F) ij ＝F i
Now the selection is made:
k 1 ＝1＝F 1 /F 1
k 2 ＝F 2 /F 1 ＝α 12
k 3 ＝F 3 /F 1 ＝α 12 α 23
item k i Renormalization:
due to T 12 ＝T 32 The following also holds:i.e., ≡normalized Ts are comparable at one gate.
Fig. 10 to 12 are used to illustrate how the above calculations can be applied to determine a system-wide error correction S-parameter matrix for a measurement application setup. In fig. 10 to 12, the broken line represents a connection in which the calibration measurement is not performed, and the solid line represents a connection in which the calibration measurement is performed.
Fig. 10 and 11 show schematic diagrams of possible connection models with four doors.
For the two-gate connections (1-2, 1-3, 3-4, and 1-4) that perform calibration measurements, 10 error models are known, including 1/F normalization. For the missing links (2-3, 2-4), these items need to be determined.
In addition, known dual gate connections require the formation of an interconnected or coherent pattern with the gate as the intersection or point of the pattern.
The following steps can now be performed:
for example by setting k i =1 to select the reference point.
Searching for the shortest path in the graph using BFS (Briadth-First-Search, breadth First Search); and is combined with
Determining all unknown k j ＝k i α ij Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
as shown in FIG. 12, the error term for the missing edge in the graph can now be determined.
The source port term is generated from the known output edges of points k and l, for example by averaging. D (D) kl ＝1/2(D km +D kn )。SM kl 、RT kl As well as the lk direction.
The LM term is
L kl ＝L pl
L lk ＝1/2(L mk +L nk )
TT term requires renormalization:
to determine the full system error correction S-parameter matrix, the error terms may each be converted to a T-matrix or a transmission matrix. The conversion from S-matrix to T-matrix is well known and will not be explained in detail herein. The T matrix may then be connected for each port combination.
The S parameter is determined as S based on the corrected a-wave and b-wave ij ＝b j /a i ，And->Representing the a-wave and b-wave with errors.
For driving the gate, the a-wave and b-wave may be determined, for example, as:
any required ports or gates may then be calculated as described above in the respective application.
Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a variety of alternate and/or equivalent implementations exist. It should be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration in any way. Rather, the foregoing summary and detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing the at least one exemplary embodiment, it being understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope set forth in the appended claims and their legal equivalents. In general, this application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the specific embodiments discussed herein.
List of reference numerals
S1-S4 method steps
100 200 measurement application device
101 201 controller
102-1-102-n,202-1-202-4 signal ports
103 203 display
205. Measurement application equipment
210. Switching matrix
211-1-211-4 input ports
212-1-212-4 output groups
213-1-213-64 output ports
215. Calibration unit
216-1, 216-2 ports
217-1-217-7 calibration standard
Claims (15)
1. A method for calibrating a measurement application apparatus (205),
wherein the measurement application equipment (205) comprises a measurement application device (100, 200) having a predetermined first number of signal ports (102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4);
wherein the measurement application equipment (205) further comprises a switching matrix (210) having a plurality of input ports (211-1-211-4) and a plurality of output groups (212-1-212-4), wherein the number of input ports (211-1-211-4) and the number of output groups (212-1-212-4) are equal to a first number, wherein each of the input ports (211-1-211-4) is coupleable to one signal port (102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4) in the measurement application device (100, 200); and, in addition, the processing unit,
wherein each output group (212-1-212-4) is assigned to one of the input ports (211-1-211-4), and wherein each output group (212-1-212-4) comprises a second number of output ports (213-1-213-64), and wherein one of the output ports (213-1-213-64) of one of the output groups is controllably coupleable in each case to the corresponding one of the input ports (211-1-211-4) to which the output group (212-1-212-4) is assigned,
The method comprises the following steps:
detecting (S1) a connection of the calibration unit (215) to a first output port (213-1-213-64) of a first output group (212-1-212-4), and detecting (S2) a connection of the calibration unit (215) to another output port (213-1-213-64) of another output group (212-1-212-4);
-performing (S3) a calibration measurement for a connection between a first output port (213-1-213-64) and another output port (213-1-213-64);
repeating the detecting (S1, S2) steps and repeating the step (S3) of performing calibration measurements between the output ports (213-1-213-64) of the first output group (212-1-212-4) and the output ports (213-1-213-64) of the other output group (212-1-212-4) such that each output port (213-1-213-64) is used for at least one of said calibration measurements;
based on the results of the calibration measurements, a full system error correction S parameter matrix is calculated (S4) for all output ports (213-1-213-64) of the switching matrix (210).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calibration measurement is performed for all connection combinations of the first output port (213-1-213-64) coupled to all other output ports (213-17-213-64) of the other output groups (212-1-212-4) via the calibration unit (215).
3. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein for all output ports (213-1-213-64) of the first output group (212-1-212-4), calibration measurements are performed in addition to the first output port coupled to at least one output port (213-1-213-64) of one of the other output groups (212-1-212-4) via a calibration unit (215).
4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the calibration unit (215) comprises at least one calibration standard unit, and wherein the calibration standard unit comprises at least one of the following: open circuit calibration standards (217-1-217-7), short circuit calibration standards (217-1-217-7), matching calibration standards (217-1-217-7), and pass-through calibration standards (217-1-217-7).
5. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein performing calibration measurements comprises performing measurements using a pass-through calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured in a calibration unit (215).
6. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein performing the calibration measurement comprises performing at least one of a measurement with an open circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a first connection of the calibration unit (215), a measurement with a short circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a first connection of the calibration unit (215), a measurement with a matching calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a first connection of the calibration unit (215), a measurement with an open circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a second connection of the calibration unit (215), a measurement with a short circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a second connection of the calibration unit (215), and a measurement with a matching calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a second connection of the calibration unit (215).
7. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein each step of detecting the connection comprises indicating to a user a required connection.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein each step of detecting the connection further comprises waiting for user confirmation of the respective connection.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein each step of detecting the connection further comprises detecting whether the indicated connection is established by performing a respective measurement.
10. A computer program product comprising computer readable instructions which, when executed by a processing unit, cause the processing unit to perform the method according to any of the preceding claims.
11. A measurement application device (100, 200) coupled to a switching matrix (210), the switching matrix (210) having a first number of input ports (211-1-211-4) and a first number of output groups (212-1-212-4), wherein each output group (212-1-212-4) is assigned to one input port (211-1-211-4), and wherein each output group (212-1-212-4) comprises a second number of output ports (213-1-213-64), and wherein one of the output ports (213-1-213-64) of one of the output groups is controllably coupleable to a respective one of the input ports (211-1-211-4) to which the output group (212-1-212-4) is assigned,
The measurement application device (100, 200) comprises:
a plurality of signal ports (102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4), wherein the number of signal ports (102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4) is equal to the first number, and wherein each signal port (102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4) is coupleable to one of the input ports (211-1-211-4) of the switching matrix (210); and
a controller (101, 201) configured to:
detecting a connection of the calibration unit to a first output port (213-1-213-64) of the first output group (212-1-212-4) via a connection of one of the signal ports (102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4) to the corresponding input port (211-1-211-4); and detecting a connection of the calibration unit to a further output port (213-1-213-64) of the further output group (212-1-212-4) via a connection of the further signal port (102-1-102-n, 202-1-202-4) to the respective input port (211-1-211-4);
-performing a calibration measurement of the connection between the first output port (213-1-213-64) and the other output port (213-1-213-64);
repeating the detecting step and the step of repeating calibration measurements performed between the output ports (213-1-213-64) of the first output group (212-1-212-4) and the output ports (213-1-213-64) of the other output group (212-1-212-4) such that each output port (213-1-213-64) is used for at least one calibration measurement; and is combined with
Based on the results of the calibration measurements, a full system error correction S-parameter matrix is calculated for all output ports (213-1-213-64) of the switching matrix (210).
12. The measurement application device (100, 200) of claim 11, wherein the controller (101, 201) is configured to perform calibration measurements for all combinations of connections of a first output port (213-1-213-64) to all other output ports (213-1-213-64) of the other output groups (212-1-212-4) via a calibration unit (215); and/or
Wherein the controller (101, 201) is configured to perform calibration measurements for all combinations of all output ports (213-1-213-64) of the first output group (212-1-212-4), except for the first output port (213-1-213-64) coupled to at least one output port (213-1-213-64) of one of the other output groups (212-1-212-4) via the calibration unit (215).
13. The measurement application device (100, 200) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the calibration unit (215) comprises at least one calibration standard unit, and wherein the calibration standard unit comprises at least one of the following: open circuit calibration standards (217-1-217-7), short circuit calibration standards (217-1-217-7), matching calibration standards (217-1-217-7), and pass-through calibration standards (217-1-217-7).
14. The measurement application device (100, 200) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein when performing calibration measurements, the controller (101, 201) is configured to perform the measurements using the pass-through calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured in the calibration unit (215); and/or
When performing calibration measurements, the controller (101, 201) is configured to perform calibration measurements comprising at least one of measurements with an open circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a first connection of the calibration unit (215), measurements with a short circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at the first connection of the calibration unit (215), measurements with a matching calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at the first connection of the calibration unit (215), measurements with an open circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at a second connection of the calibration unit (215), measurements with a short circuit calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at the second connection of the calibration unit (215), and measurements with a matching calibration standard (217-1-217-7) configured at the second connection of the calibration unit (215).
15. The measurement application device (100, 200) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein when detecting the connection, the controller (101, 201) is configured to indicate to the user the required connection, and in particular to wait for a confirmation of the respective connection by the user, or to detect that the indicated connection is established by performing the respective measurement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211198870.5A CN117826046A (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | Method, computer program product and measurement application device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211198870.5A CN117826046A (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | Method, computer program product and measurement application device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117826046A true CN117826046A (en) | 2024-04-05 |
Family
ID=90523303
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211198870.5A Pending CN117826046A (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | Method, computer program product and measurement application device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117826046A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-09-29 CN CN202211198870.5A patent/CN117826046A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20140343883A1 (en) | User Interface for Signal Integrity Network Analyzer | |
| US5548221A (en) | Electronic calibration method and apparatus | |
| US20110286506A1 (en) | User Interface for Signal Integrity Network Analyzer | |
| CN105492920B (en) | Method for calibrating a test rig | |
| CN103605095B (en) | A kind of method making the adaptive all vector network analyzers of Electronic Calibration part | |
| US6882160B2 (en) | Methods and computer program products for full N-port vector network analyzer calibrations | |
| JP5688270B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for testing connections on a printed circuit board | |
| US8339141B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for locating a fault in an electrical conductor, with interference compensation | |
| US20110238383A1 (en) | One-Port De-embedding Using Time Domain Substitution | |
| CN109564261B (en) | Combining the currents flowing from the channels of automatic test equipment | |
| US10504307B2 (en) | System and method for spread-spectrum time-domain reflectometry and design data wire testing | |
| US7640477B2 (en) | Calibration system that can be utilized with a plurality of test system topologies | |
| EP2905625B1 (en) | Method for probe equalization | |
| CN111766424A (en) | Comprehensive tester with single-port network analysis function and testing method thereof | |
| CN116449277A (en) | Detection and calibration system for ATE test equipment and control method thereof | |
| JP3668136B2 (en) | Multiport device analysis apparatus and analysis method and calibration method for multiport device analysis apparatus | |
| CN117826046A (en) | Method, computer program product and measurement application device | |
| US10591522B2 (en) | Measurement apparatus | |
| CN111044816B (en) | Method and device for testing technical conditions of channels of multi-channel system | |
| KR20130068354A (en) | Channel switching device, impedance measuring system, and controlling method thereof | |
| JP6389354B2 (en) | Total network characteristic measuring method and apparatus | |
| US10852345B2 (en) | Circuit board testing device and method thereof | |
| CN117310292B (en) | System, method and medium for measuring input impedance of high-frequency power supply probe | |
| JP2005140784A (en) | System for measuring s parameter | |
| JP6330049B2 (en) | Method, calibration unit and system for determining system error and power values for network analyzer calibration |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |