CN117823327A

CN117823327A - Multi-blade wind wheel with variable pitch

Info

Publication number: CN117823327A
Application number: CN202211239002.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王毅; 朱克彦; 姚兴广
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-09-29
Filing date: 2022-09-29
Publication date: 2024-04-05

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind wheel of a multi-blade wind driven generator, which changes the design thought of a fixed wing wind wheel and structurally improves the wind wheel and blades in the prior art. The wind wheel is designed into an outer swivel and is provided with a plurality of groups of blades, meanwhile, the blades are arranged on the outer swivel, the moment arm is prolonged, the acting moment of the blades is increased, and the radial size of the wind wheel of the wind driven generator with the same power is greatly reduced. The optimal lift-drag ratio is obtained by adopting the blades of the wind-following pitch technology, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is not influenced by the multiple blades, and the rotating speed of the wind wheel is also greatly improved. The pitch mechanism is arranged on the outer rotating ring, is convenient to process and manufacture, is favorable for mounting and rotating moment, is high in rotating speed, is reduced in structural size, is simple in manufacturing process, and is capable of improving the power generation power by times under the condition of the same wind speed.

Description

Multi-blade wind wheel with variable pitch

The invention relates to a wind wheel of a wind driven generator. In particular to a multi-blade wind wheel with pitch angles instantaneously changed along with the wind speed.

The blades of the wind wheel of the wind driven generator in the prior art are provided with two fixed wings and non-fixed wings. The fixed wing blades only do circular motion during operation, and the pitch angles of the blades are unchanged all the time during the motion. The wind wheel of this way is unfavorable for starting at low wind speed, and the resistance of the blade increases with the wind, which is unfavorable for increasing the rotation speed. In addition, the pitch angle of the non-fixed wing blade is variable, and the variable pitch is changed only once when strong wind is encountered, so that the damage to the generator set caused by overspeed running of the fan is avoided.

The invention aims to provide a multi-blade wind wheel with pitch angle automatically adjusted along with wind power, and blades obtain optimal lift-drag ratio at all times, so that a wind driven generator is started with low wind, torque is increased, and rotation speed is accelerated. And a braking device is arranged to prevent the generator set from being damaged when strong wind is encountered.

The invention is realized in such a way that the blades drive the outer rotating ring, the radial plate, the central rotating disc and the generator shaft of the wind wheel to do circular motion under the action of wind power. In the process of circular motion, the pitch angle of the blade can be changed within the range of 0-45 degrees. When strong wind is met, a wind speed sensor of the braking mechanism sends out a signal, and the electromagnetic iron is attracted to the back of the central turntable after the electromagnetic iron is electrified, so that the wind wheel is decelerated or stopped. A remote controller or a manual control electromagnetic brake can also be adopted.

The wind wheel consists of blades, a blade handle, a slurry changing mechanism, an outer rotating ring, a radial plate and a central rotating disc; the method is characterized in that: the outer swivel is provided with a plurality of supporting frames, a pitch-changing mechanism is arranged between the outer swivel and the supporting frames, the pitch-changing mechanism is formed by a bearing sleeve, a bearing is arranged in the bearing sleeve, a shaft rod part of the blade handle is inserted into an inner hole of the bearing, the lower end of the shaft rod of the blade handle is provided with a limiting pin, the limiting pin is arranged in a limiting groove on the bearing sleeve to change the pitch angle by 0-45 degrees along with wind, and the blade handle can be long or short in size. The blade and the blade handle are connected by bolts, and the connecting point of the blade and the blade handle is required to be positioned at the edge of one side of the rotation direction of the blade, otherwise, the purpose of changing the pitch along with wind cannot be achieved. The outer rotating ring is connected with the central rotating disc through a radial plate, the radial plate is in a plate form, the radial plate is inclined by 45 degrees when connected with the outer rotating ring and the central rotating disc, the inclination direction of the radial plate is required to be consistent with the rotation direction of the blades, and the radial plate not only plays a structural supporting role, but also assists the wind wheel to rotate. In addition, the large-diameter wind wheel can adopt a split type structure. The method is characterized in that: the outer swivel is formed by combining a plurality of split parts, vertical ends of each split part are connected by bolts, and the radial plate, the outer swivel and the central turntable are all of detachable structures.

The braking mechanism consists of a wind speed sensor, an electromagnetic iron-absorbing and central rotating disc and is characterized in that: the back of the central turntable is also used as a brake disc, the wind speed sensor is arranged on the tail wing, and the electromagnetic iron absorber is arranged at the head of the generator set.

The invention changes the design thought of the fixed wing wind wheel and structurally improves the wind wheel and the blades in the prior art. The wind wheel is designed into an outer swivel and is provided with a plurality of groups of blades, meanwhile, the blades are arranged on the outer swivel, and the moment arm is prolonged to increase the acting moment of the blades. The blades adopting the wind-following pitch technology can obtain the optimal lift-drag ratio, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is not influenced by a plurality of groups of blades, and the rotating speed and the torque of the wind wheel are greatly improved. The radial dimension of the wind wheel of the wind driven generator with the same power is greatly reduced. The pitch mechanism is arranged on the outer swivel, is convenient to process and manufacture and is favorable for installation, disassembly and transportation. The invention has the advantages of small starting wind speed, large rotating moment, high rotating speed, reduced structural size, simple manufacturing process and multiplied power generation.

The prototype developed by the invention is compared with the fan in the prior art in a Jilin university wind tunnel laboratory (2X 4 wind tunnel). Wind tunnel comparative test data for two 300W fans are given below:

1, starting wind speed: 2m/s of the technology; 4m/s in the prior art;

2, wind speed 6 m/s: 374r/min of the technology; 214r/min in the prior art;

output power: 44.11W; PRIOR ART 19.89W

3, wind speed 8 m/s: 528r/min; PRIOR ART 253r/mi

Output power: 67.46W of the technology; PRIOR ART 25.68W

The test data shows that:

(1) compared with the prior art, the starting wind speed of the invention is reduced by 1 time;

(2) the rotating speed is 1.75 times and 2 times of the rotating speed in the prior art under the condition of the same wind speed;

(3) the output power is 2.22 times and 2.63 times, respectively, of the prior art.

The advantages and implementation effects of the invention are particularly shown in the following aspects:

1, the starting wind speed is low, and the low wind speed resource is fully utilized. The low wind speed resource accounts for 85% of the total wind energy resource, and the distribution range accounts for 65% of the national area.

2, under the condition of the same wind speed, the rotating speed, the torque and the output power of the fan are greatly improved.

And 3, the radial dimension of the wind wheel of the fan with the same power is reduced by about 1/3, namely, the rotational inertia of the wind wheel is reduced, the safety is improved, and the manufacturing cost is saved.

4, a plurality of groups of blades can be arranged, and the number of the blades can be increased or decreased according to the requirement, so that the use requirements of fans with different powers can be met.

And 5, a braking system is provided to prevent the overspeed operation of the fan from damaging the generator set.

And 6, the technology has compact structure, simple process and capability of changing the pitch along with wind, improves the safety and reliability of equipment and prolongs the service life.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a general schematic view of a wind turbine.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blade and a blade shank

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wind wheel partial structure

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pitch mechanism

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a stop pin

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a braking system

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a split wind turbine

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a center turntable of a split wind turbine

The specific embodiment is as follows: the invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings.

The direction of rotation of the rotor shown in fig. 1 is counter-clockwise. The wind wheel consists of blades 1, an outer rotating ring 2, a variable pitch mechanism 3, a radial plate 4 and a central rotating disc 5.

Fig. 2 shows: the blade 1 is a windward side, the section of the blade is a concave cambered surface, and the leeward side is an outwards convex cambered surface. The upper end of the blade handle 6 is provided with a straight opening, the width of the straight opening is equal to the thickness of the blade 1, the blade 1 is inserted into the straight opening, the blade 1 is connected with the blade handle 6 through bolts, and the connecting point of the blade handle 6 and the blade 1 is positioned at the edge of the blade 1 in the rotating direction. The lower end of the blade handle 6 is a section of shaft lever, and the limiting pin 7 is positioned at the lowest end of the shaft lever part of the blade handle 6.

Fig. 3 shows: the outer swivel 2 is a strip-shaped metal plate, the width of the outer swivel is equal to that of the support frame 9, concentric round holes are formed in the outer swivel 2 and the support frame 9, the bearing sleeve 8 is arranged in the round holes, and the bearing sleeve 8 is welded with the outer swivel 2 and the support frame 9 into a whole.

Fig. 4 shows: the blade 1 is connected with the blade handle 6 through bolts, the shaft rod part of the blade handle 6 is inserted into the bearing 10, the part of the bearing sleeve 8 extending out of the outer swivel 2 is provided with a limit groove, the limit groove is provided with a notch on the bearing sleeve 8, and the limit pin 7 of the blade handle 6 can rotate 0-45 degrees in the limit groove.

Fig. 5 shows: the limiting pin 7 is screwed in the limiting hole of the blade handle 6 and is higher than the bearing sleeve 8.

Fig. 6 shows: the wind speed sensor 11 is arranged on the tail wing, and the electromagnetic iron 12 is arranged at the front end of the generator set 14. The back of the central turntable 5 is a brake disc 13.

Fig. 7 shows: the vertical parts of the two split part ends are connected by bolts 20, reinforcing rib plates 21 are arranged at two sides of the vertical ends, two ends of a spoke plate 18 are welded into a screw form, and the screw parts of the spoke plate 18 are respectively inserted into screw holes of a central turntable 17 and an outer rotating ring 19 and are connected by bolts 15 and 16.

Fig. 8 shows: is a center turntable 17 of the split wind wheel, a plurality of screw holes 22 are arranged around the center turntable, and the center hole 23 is a shaft hole of the generator.

The novel wind wheel has the innovation points that the wind wheel is provided with the outer rotating ring, the variable pitch mechanism is arranged on the outer rotating ring, and a plurality of groups of blades can be arranged. Wherein the pitch mechanism changes pitch angle with wind and does not require any auxiliary components. Whether the invention is used for a wind driven generator or a wind driven water pump, no matter what change is made to the outer swivel, the invention is in the protection scope of the invention by adopting metal materials or other nonmetallic materials.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many blades along with wind becomes oar wind wheel, comprises blade, petiole, change oar mechanism, outer swivel, radials, central carousel and brake mechanism, its characterized in that: a plurality of supporting frames (9) are distributed on the outer rotating ring (2), a pitch-changing mechanism (3) is arranged between the outer rotating ring (2) and the supporting frames (9), a shaft rod part of the blade handle (6) is inserted into an inner hole of the bearing (8), the blade (1) is connected with the blade handle (6) through bolts, and a connecting point of the blade (1) and the blade handle (6) is required to be positioned at the edge of one side of the blade (1) in the rotating direction and the pitch angle is changed by 0-45 degrees along with wind; the major diameter wind wheel can adopt split type structure, its characterized in that: the outer swivel (19) is formed by combining a plurality of split parts, vertical ends of each split part are connected by bolts (20), and the radial plate (18), the outer swivel (19) and the central turntable (17) are all detachable structures.

2. The method of claim 1; the pitch mechanism (3) consists of a bearing sleeve (8), a bearing (10) and a blade handle (6), and is characterized in that: the lower end of the bearing sleeve (8) is provided with a limit groove, the lower end of the blade handle (6) is provided with a limit pin, and the bearing sleeve (8) is fixedly connected with the outer rotating ring (2) and the supporting frame (9).

3. The web according to claim 1, wherein: the web (4) is fixedly connected with the outer rotating ring (2) and inclines for 45 degrees.

4. The braking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, which is composed of a wind speed sensor electromagnetic iron and a central turntable, and is characterized in that: the back of the center turntable (5) is provided with a brake disc (13), the wind speed sensor (11) is arranged on the tail wing, and the electromagnetic iron absorber (12) is arranged at the head of the generator set (14).

5. The outer race of claim 1 adopts a split structure, characterized in that: the two vertical end opposite points of the outer swivel (19) are connected by bolts (20), and reinforcing rib plates (21) are arranged at two sides of the vertical end; the two ends of the spoke plate (18) are welded into a screw form, screw parts at the two ends of the spoke plate (18) are respectively inserted into screw holes (22) on the central turntable (17) and screw holes of the outer rotating ring (19) and are connected by bolts (15) and (16), and a central hole (23) is a motor shaft hole.