CN110630433A - Multi-blade wind-following variable-pitch impeller - Google Patents

Multi-blade wind-following variable-pitch impeller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110630433A
CN110630433A CN201910986588.5A CN201910986588A CN110630433A CN 110630433 A CN110630433 A CN 110630433A CN 201910986588 A CN201910986588 A CN 201910986588A CN 110630433 A CN110630433 A CN 110630433A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ring
bearing
blade
wind
impeller
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Pending
Application number
CN201910986588.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚兴广
朱克彦
王毅
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201910986588.5A priority Critical patent/CN110630433A/en
Publication of CN110630433A publication Critical patent/CN110630433A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-blade wind driven generator impeller, which is characterized in that: the blades can freely change the pitch angle along with the wind speed. The variable pitch mechanism is arranged on the outer rotating ring, and the outer rotating ring is provided with a plurality of shaft sleeves and can be provided with a plurality of groups of blades. The invention has the advantages of low wind starting, large torque of a plurality of groups of blades, high rotating speed, reasonable structure and simple process. Wind tunnel test data show that the efficiency of a wind driven generator or a wind driven water pump adopting the impeller is greatly improved compared with the prior art. It is especially suitable for low wind speed power generation.

Description

Multi-blade wind-following variable-pitch impeller
The invention relates to an impeller of a wind driven generator. In particular to a fan impeller with multiple blades and capable of freely changing the pitch angle along with the wind speed.
The blades of the prior art fan impeller are provided with two types, namely fixed wings and non-fixed wings. The fixed wing blade only does circular motion in work, and the pitch angle of the blade is always unchanged. The blade in the mode is not beneficial to starting when the wind is low, and the resistance of the blade is increased along with the wind when the wind is strong, so that the rotating speed is not beneficial to increasing. Another non-fixed wing blade pitch angle is variable. However, the blade only changes the pitch once when meeting strong wind, so as to avoid the damage of the generator set caused by the overspeed operation of the fan.
The invention aims to provide a multi-blade fan impeller capable of automatically adjusting the pitch angle along with the wind power, wherein the blades obtain the optimal lift-drag ratio timely, so that the fan is started with low wind, has large torque and is accelerated in rotating speed. And a braking device is arranged to prevent the generator set from being damaged when the generator set meets strong wind.
The invention is realized in such a way that the impeller drives the outer rotating ring, the spoke rod, the central rotating disc and the generator shaft to do circular motion under the action of wind power. During the circular motion, the pitch angle of the blade can be changed within the range of 0-90 degrees, and the pitch angle is generally controlled within the optimal change range of 0-45 degrees. When strong wind occurs, the speed sensor of the braking mechanism sends out a signal, and the electromagnetic magnet is attracted to the back of the turntable after being electrified, so that the impeller is decelerated or stopped. The electromagnetic brake can also be controlled by a remote controller or a manual switch.
The impeller consists of blades, an outer rotating ring, a spoke rod and a central rotating disk; the method is characterized in that: the variable-pitch mechanism is arranged on an outer rotating ring, the outer rotating ring is composed of an inner ring and an outer ring, a plurality of bearing sleeves are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, and the bearing sleeves are inserted into shaft holes corresponding to the inner ring and the outer ring and are welded into a whole. The bearing is arranged in the bearing sleeve, the connector is inserted into the bearing, the upper end of the connector is connected with the blade bolt, and the blade and the connecting bolt of the connector are unscrewed when the blade is disassembled. Two ends of the spoke rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the outer rotating ring and the central rotating disc. The outer swivel has sufficient circumference to accommodate multiple sets of vanes. The inner ring and the outer ring of the outer rotating ring can be integrated into a section bar, which is similar to the structural form of a bicycle rim.
When the diameter of the outer swivel is larger, such as larger than 2.4 meters, a split type outer swivel structure can be adopted. The method is characterized in that: the outer swivel ring is divided into a plurality of arc sections, the butt joint of each arc section is connected by a sliding sleeve and a bolt, the sliding sleeve is slightly larger than the outer swivel ring in size and can slide on the outer swivel ring, and when a sliding sleeve hole corresponds to a bolt hole on the inner ring and the outer ring, the sliding sleeve hole and the bolt hole are connected by the bolt to form a complete outer swivel ring. The spoke rod is made into a form similar to a spoke of a bicycle and is connected with the central turntable and the outer rotating ring through bolts.
The braking mechanism consists of a speed sensor, an electromagnetic magnet and a central turntable, and is characterized in that the back surface of the central turntable is also used as a brake disc, and the speed sensor and the electromagnetic magnet are arranged at the head of the generator set.
The invention changes the design idea of the fixed wing fan blade, improves the structure of the impeller blade in the prior art, and adopts the technology of changing the pitch with the wind. The impeller is additionally provided with an outer rotating ring, a bearing sleeve and a spoke rod. The spoke rods are additionally arranged, so that the wind resistance of the impeller can be reduced, the wind passing performance is improved, and the rotating speed of the fan is accelerated. The blade part extends to the external rotating ring to increase the working torque, and a plurality of groups of blades can be arranged. The fan obtains larger torque and simultaneously improves the rotating speed of the fan. The variable pitch mechanism is arranged on the outer turntable, so that the variable pitch mechanism is convenient to process, manufacture, install, disassemble and transport. The invention has the advantages of low starting wind speed, large torque of a plurality of groups of blades, high rotating speed, reasonable structure and simple process.
Compared with the fan in the prior art, the prototype developed by the invention is subjected to a comparative test in a wind tunnel laboratory (2X4 wind tunnel) of Jilin university. Several sets of wind tunnel test data for a 300W wind turbine are given below:
starting wind speed: 2m/s in the prior art and 4m/s in the prior art;
wind speed 6 m/s:
rotating speed: 374r/min in the prior art and 214r/min in the prior art;
output power: 44.11w prior art 19.89w of the present technique
Wind speed 8 m/s:
rotating speed: 528r/min in the technology and 253r/min in the prior art;
output power: 67.46w prior art 25.68w of the present technology
The test data shows that: the starting wind speed of the invention is reduced by one time compared with the prior art; under the condition of the same wind speed, the rotating speed is respectively 1.75 times and 2.1 times of that of the prior art; the output power is 2.22 times and 2.63 times of the prior art respectively.
The advantages and the implementation effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
1, the starting wind speed is low, and low wind speed resources can be fully utilized. The low wind speed resource accounts for 85 percent of the total wind energy resource, and the distribution range accounts for 65 percent of the national area.
2, under the condition of the same wind speed, the rotating speed, the torque and the output power of the fan are greatly improved.
3, the blade size of the impeller of the fan with the same power can be shortened from 1/2 to 1/3. The cost is greatly saved, and the installation and the transportation are convenient.
And 4, multiple groups of blades can be arranged, and the structure is compact, the process is simple, and the pitch variation is flexible. Meanwhile, the safety and the reliability of the equipment are improved, and the service life is prolonged.
And 5, a braking system is arranged to prevent the fan from running over speed to damage the generator set.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a general schematic view of an impeller.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blade structure
FIG. 3 is a partial structure of an outer swivel ring
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the spacing groove and the spacing pin
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spacing pin
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a braking system
FIG. 7 is a partial structure diagram of the split external swivel
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the center turntable of the split outer swivel
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a sliding sleeve structure of a split type outer runner structure
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a split outer swivel butt joint
The specific implementation mode is as follows: the following further describes the practice of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows: the impeller consists of blades 1, an outer rotating ring 2, a shaft sleeve 3, a spoke rod 4 and a central rotating disk 5.
FIG. 2 shows: the blade 1 is a windward side, the section of which is an upward convex arc line, and the leeward side is an inward concave arc line. The root of the blade 1 is a connector 6, and the connection position of the blade 1 and the connector 6 is at the upper edge of the blade. The blade 1 is fixedly connected with the connector 6 through a bolt, and the limiting pin 7 is positioned at the lowest end of the butt joint.
FIG. 3 shows: the inner ring 9 and the outer ring 10 of the outer rotating ring 2 are both composed of strip-shaped metal plates, the width of the strip-shaped metal plates is slightly larger than the diameter of the bearing sleeve 3, a plurality of shaft holes are formed along the circumference of the inner ring 9 and the outer ring 10 for installing the shaft sleeve 3, and the shaft sleeve 3 is welded with the inner ring 9 and the outer ring 10 into a whole.
FIG. 4 shows: the blade 1 is connected with the connector 6 by bolts, the connector 6 is inserted into a bearing 8 in the bearing sleeve 3, a limiting groove is arranged on the part of the shaft sleeve 3 extending out of the inner ring 9, the limiting groove is a notch arranged on the shaft sleeve, and the limiting pin 7 on the connector 6 rotates by an angle within the range of the limiting groove.
FIG. 5 shows: the limit pin 7 is in threaded connection with the connector 6.
FIG. 6 shows: the speed sensor 12 and the electromagnetic magnet 13 are arranged at the front end of the generator set 11. The back of the central turntable 5 also serves as a brake disc.
FIG. 7 shows: the split type outer rotating ring is an abutting point, the sliding sleeve 14 can slide on the outer rotating ring, and when the sliding sleeve 14 is positioned in the middle of the abutting point, two screw holes on the sliding sleeve correspond to screw holes of an inner ring 9 and an outer ring 10 of the outer rotating ring and are connected by bolts 15. The openings of the inner ring 9 and the outer ring 10 at the butt joint are closed.
FIG. 8 shows a central turntable 17 of a split outer swivel, constructed asThe outer edge of the split outer rotating ring is provided with screw holes 16, the spoke rods 18 are inserted into the screw holes 16, and the other end of the spoke rods is connected with the inner ring 9 and the outer ring 10 of the split outer rotating ring.
Fig. 9 shows a sliding sleeve 14 of a split type external swivel, which has an inner dimension slightly larger than that of the external swivel and can slide on the external swivel, and screw holes 19 are formed at both sides of the sliding sleeve 14.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a split type outer swivel butt joint, wherein screw holes 20 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the butt joint, and reinforcing rib plates 21 and 22 are arranged on the two sides of the screw hole 20.
The invention has the innovation points that the impeller is provided with the outer rotating ring, the variable pitch mechanism is arranged on the outer rotating ring, and a plurality of groups of blades can be arranged. No matter the invention is used for a wind driven generator or a wind driven water pump, no matter what kind of change is made to the external rotating ring, the invention adopts metal materials or other non-metal materials, and sliding bearings, rolling bearings or thrust bearings are adopted in the bearing sleeve, and the invention falls into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a multi-blade becomes oar impeller with wind, comprises blade, outer change ring, spoke pole, central carousel, its characterized in that: the variable-pitch mechanism is arranged on an outer rotating ring (2), the outer rotating ring (2) is composed of an inner ring (9) and an outer ring (10), a plurality of bearing sleeves (3) are arranged between the inner ring (9) and the outer ring (10), and the bearing sleeves (3) are inserted into shaft holes corresponding to the inner ring (9) and the outer ring (10) and are welded into a whole; a bearing (8) is arranged in the bearing sleeve (3), a connector (6) is inserted into the bearing (8), and the upper end of the connector (6) is connected with the blade (1) through a bolt; two ends of the spoke rod (4) are respectively welded with the outer rotating ring (2) and the central rotating disc (5); a plurality of groups of blades (1) can be arranged on the circumference of the outer rotating ring (2); the braking mechanism of the impeller is also used as a brake disc by a central turntable (5), and a speed sensor (12) and an electromagnetic magnet (13) are arranged at the front end of the generator set.
2. The shaft sleeve (3) according to claim 1 is provided with a limiting groove at the part extending out of the inner ring (9).
3. The lower end of the butt joint (6) is provided with a limiting pin (7) according to claim 1, and the limiting pin (7) rotates in a limiting groove.
4. The utility model provides a multi-blade becomes oar impeller with wind, comprises blade, outer change ring, spoke pole, central carousel, its characterized in that: the variable-pitch mechanism is arranged on an outer rotating ring (2), the outer rotating ring (2) is composed of an inner ring (9) and an outer ring (10), a plurality of bearing sleeves (3) are arranged between the inner ring (9) and the outer ring (10), and the bearing sleeves (3) are inserted into shaft holes corresponding to the inner ring (9) and the outer ring (10) and are welded into a whole; a bearing (8) is arranged in the bearing sleeve (3), the connector (6) is inserted into the bearing (8), and the upper end of the connector (6) is in threaded connection with the blade (1); two ends of the spoke rod (4) are respectively welded with the outer rotating ring (2) and the central rotating disc (5); a plurality of groups of blades (1) can be arranged on the circumference of the outer rotating ring (2); the braking mechanism of the impeller is also used as a brake disc by a central turntable (5), and a speed sensor (12) and an electromagnetic magnet (13) are arranged at the front end of the generator set; the outer swivel (2) is divided into a plurality of arc sections, the butt joint of each arc section is connected by a sliding sleeve (14) and a bolt (15), screw holes (19) are arranged at two sides of the sliding sleeve (14), the sliding sleeve (14) can slide on the outer swivel (2), reinforcing rib plates (21) and (22) are arranged at two sides of an outer swivel butt joint hole (20), a spoke rod (18) is connected with a central turntable (17) and the outer swivel (2) by bolts,
Figure FSA0000192326860000021
in the shape ofScrew holes (16) are arranged around the outer edge of the heart rotating disc (17).
CN201910986588.5A 2019-10-15 2019-10-15 Multi-blade wind-following variable-pitch impeller Pending CN110630433A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910986588.5A CN110630433A (en) 2019-10-15 2019-10-15 Multi-blade wind-following variable-pitch impeller

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910986588.5A CN110630433A (en) 2019-10-15 2019-10-15 Multi-blade wind-following variable-pitch impeller

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110630433A true CN110630433A (en) 2019-12-31

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130058188A (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-04 이종배 Automatic blade pitch control apparatus for wind power generator
CN206369048U (en) * 2016-12-03 2017-08-01 晏丽颖 A kind of hydraulic pressure top-closed structure pipeline sealing device
CN108457795A (en) * 2018-04-26 2018-08-28 丁超 The wind turbines rotor of automatic variable-pitch and disability protection
CN208002532U (en) * 2017-09-16 2018-10-26 上海形家广告设计有限公司 A kind of rotary vehicle show stand
CN108843487A (en) * 2018-08-31 2018-11-20 刘延昌 A kind of variable pitch impeller with the wind
CN209130349U (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-07-19 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Split type flexible connector

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130058188A (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-04 이종배 Automatic blade pitch control apparatus for wind power generator
CN206369048U (en) * 2016-12-03 2017-08-01 晏丽颖 A kind of hydraulic pressure top-closed structure pipeline sealing device
CN208002532U (en) * 2017-09-16 2018-10-26 上海形家广告设计有限公司 A kind of rotary vehicle show stand
CN108457795A (en) * 2018-04-26 2018-08-28 丁超 The wind turbines rotor of automatic variable-pitch and disability protection
CN108843487A (en) * 2018-08-31 2018-11-20 刘延昌 A kind of variable pitch impeller with the wind
CN209130349U (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-07-19 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Split type flexible connector

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Application publication date: 20191231