CN109356787B - Low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure of wind driven generator - Google Patents

Low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure of wind driven generator Download PDF

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CN109356787B
CN109356787B CN201811558859.9A CN201811558859A CN109356787B CN 109356787 B CN109356787 B CN 109356787B CN 201811558859 A CN201811558859 A CN 201811558859A CN 109356787 B CN109356787 B CN 109356787B
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wind
lift
blades
blade
wind wheel
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CN109356787A (en
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冯成德
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a novel wind wheel structure of a low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite type wind driven generator, wherein lift-type blades with concave openings are arranged according to a certain rule to form a resistance-type blade group with a certain wind shielding capacity. The wind wheel using the structure has the advantages that under the wind speed condition of 2m/s, the blades are started through the concave opening parts of the self structures and the formed resistance type blade groups, the wind wheel has the characteristic of easy starting of the resistance type blades, and the starting torque is not required to be provided by the outside; after the wind turbine is started, the wind turbine can be ensured to have more than 30% of wind energy utilization rate due to the fact that the lift type blades are used.

Description

Low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure of wind driven generator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vertical axis wind power generators, and particularly relates to a lift type blade with a concave opening and a lift-drag composite wind wheel formed by a blade group with a special arrangement structure formed by the blade.
Background
Wind driven generators are called wind turbines for short, and are divided into horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines according to the relative position of a wind wheel shaft and the ground, and the vertical axis wind turbines can be divided into a resistance type, a lift type and a lift-resistance combination type according to the working principle of wind wheel blades. The resistance type vertical axis wind turbine mainly utilizes the resistance generated by air flowing through the blades as the driving force, the lift type utilizes the lift generated by air flowing through the blades as the driving force, and the lift-resistance combination type works by combining the driving principles of the resistance type and the lift type.
The traditional lift-drag vertical axis generator H-shaped wind wheel is composed of blades, supporting rods, a rotating shaft and the like, as shown in figure 1, the installation angle of lift-type blades on the traditional H-shaped lift-drag wind wheel is that the chord lines of the blades are consistent with the tangential direction of the circumference of the wind wheel, and the installation angle of resistance-type blades is that the plane of a resistance plate is consistent with the radial direction of the circumference of the wind wheel. When the wind turbine is started, the starting torque of the wind wheel comes from the resistance type blades arranged on the wind wheel, and when the rotating speed reaches a certain speed, the lift type blades of the wind wheel drive the vertical axis wind turbine to rotate, and at the moment, the resistance type blades can possibly consume energy.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an open airfoil wind wheel mounting structure based on an airfoil NACA0015 in the prior art, which includes open blades, support rods and a rotating shaft based on NACA0015, and according to the present invention, CHEN and the like perform longitudinal cutting on a certain edge surface of an airfoil on the basis of the airfoil NACA0015, and a large part of the airfoil is reserved. But the starting wind speed also needs to reach 5m/s and above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a lifting force type blade with a concave opening, which is rearranged through a special arrangement structure, so that the lifting force type blade has better starting performance under the condition of low wind speed and has better wind energy utilization rate under the condition of high wind speed.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-wind-speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind wheel structure of a wind driven generator comprises a rotating shaft, a supporting rod and lift type blades with concave openings, wherein the supporting rod is installed on the rotating shaft, and the other end of the supporting rod is provided with the lift type blades with concave openings. The wind wheel wind power generation device comprises a plurality of groups of supporting rods, a wind wheel, a plurality of wind wheel sets and a plurality of blades, wherein the supporting rods are arranged on a rotating shaft and are respectively connected with corresponding blade groups, blades on different rotating tracks are arranged in each blade group, the opening positions of lift type blades with concave openings face the outside of the circumference of the wind wheel or the inside of the circumference of the wind wheel in a unified mode, the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in a gradual mode, the arrangement state of the blades in each blade group is close to a whole wind shield, a resistance baffle plate formed by the blade groups is formed, and a certain distance is reserved between every two.
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with the concave openings in each blade group are arranged clockwise (overlooking the wind wheel) gradually, and the lift type blades with the concave openings on the inner or outer side track are arranged at the rear sides of the lift type blades with the concave openings on the outer or inner side track.
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with the concave openings in each blade group are arranged anticlockwise (overlooking the wind wheel) gradually, and the lift type blades with the concave openings on the inner or outer side track are arranged at the rear sides of the lift type blades with the concave openings on the outer or inner side track.
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel clockwise (overlooking the wind wheel).
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel among the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel anticlockwise (overlooking the wind wheel).
The further technical scheme of the invention is that each blade group at least comprises 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
According to the further technical scheme, the installation angle (the included angle between the chord line of the blade and the circumferential tangent line of the wind wheel) of the lift type blade with the concave opening is adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees when the lift type blade with the concave opening is installed according to factors such as the wind speeds of different regions, the operation conditions of a wind turbine and the like.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the radial distance between adjacent lifting force type blades with concave openings in the blade group is calculated and determined according to the local wind speed, the running condition of a wind turbine and other factors and the following two requirements: when the wind power generation device is just started or runs at a low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the blade spacing does not significantly affect the flow of the relative airflow over each blade.
The wind driven generator with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure is mainly suitable for being installed in inland areas with low wind speed, frequently changed wind direction, intermittent wind power and unstable wind power.
Another implementation of the present invention is:
a low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure of a wind driven generator comprises a rotating shaft, a rotating disc and lift type blades with concave openings. The turntable is divided into tracks with different radiuses, the upper end and the lower end of the lift type blade with the concave opening are respectively fixed on the upper turntable and the lower turntable, the lift type blades with the concave opening on the inner track and the outer track form a blade group, the opening positions of the lift type blades with the concave opening are uniformly towards the outside of the circumference of the wind wheel or uniformly towards the inside of the circumference of the wind wheel, the lift type blades with the concave opening in each blade group are gradually arranged, the arrangement state of the blades in each blade group is close to a whole wind shield, a resistance baffle plate formed by the blade groups is formed, and a certain distance is reserved between every two adjacent lift type blades with the concave opening in each blade group.
Tracks with different radii, i.e. rings with different radii.
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with the concave openings in each blade group are arranged clockwise (overlooking the wind wheel) gradually, and the lift type blades with the concave openings on the inner or outer track are arranged at the rear sides of the lift type blades with the concave openings on the outer or inner track.
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with the concave openings in each blade group are arranged anticlockwise (overlooking the wind wheel) gradually, and the lift type blades with the concave openings on the inner or outer track are arranged at the rear sides of the lift type blades with the concave openings on the outer or inner track.
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel clockwise (overlooking the wind wheel).
The invention has the further technical scheme that the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel among the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel anticlockwise (overlooking the wind wheel).
The further technical scheme of the invention is that each blade group at least comprises 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
According to the further technical scheme, the installation angle (the included angle between the chord line of the blade and the circumferential tangent line of the wind wheel) of the lift type blade with the concave opening is adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees when the lift type blade with the concave opening is installed according to factors such as the wind speeds of different regions, the operation conditions of a wind turbine and the like.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that the radial distance between adjacent lifting force type blades with concave openings in the blade group is calculated and determined according to the local wind speed, the running condition of a wind turbine and other factors and the following two requirements: when the wind power generation device is just started or runs at a low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the blade spacing does not significantly affect the flow of the relative airflow over each blade.
The wind driven generator with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure is mainly suitable for being installed in inland areas with low wind speed, frequently changed wind direction, intermittent wind power and unstable wind power.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the novel wind wheel structure of the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind driven generator adopts the lift wing section with the opening to form the resistance type blade group, and has the characteristics of low-wind-speed self-starting and higher wind energy utilization rate after starting.
The special installation positions of the blades in each blade group of the wind wheel are combined to form a baffle with certain wind shielding capacity, and when the wind wheel is started, the resistance type wind turbine is easy to start, so that the start of the wind turbine can be finished at a lower wind speed (2 m/s); after the wind turbine is started, the wind turbine can be ensured to have more than 30% of wind energy utilization rate due to the fact that the lift type blades are used.
The wind energy utilization rate of the current pure resistance type wind turbine is below 15 percent, and the self-starting wind speed is 2 m/s; the pure lift type wind turbine has the wind energy utilization rate of over 30 percent, but cannot be started automatically and needs an external motor to drive and start; the wind energy utilization rate of the general lift force and resistance combined wind turbine is about 20-25%, the wind turbine can be automatically started, and the self-starting wind speed is 3 m/s. The wind turbine with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure has the self-starting wind speed of 2m/s and the working wind speed of 2-25m/s (when the wind speed is 25m/s or above, the wind turbine needs to be stopped or is damaged). The wind turbine has the characteristics of easy start of the pure resistance type wind turbine during start, low self-starting wind speed, high wind energy utilization rate of the pure lift type wind turbine after start, and the wind energy utilization rate can reach more than 30 percent, so the wind turbine using the technology has the function of creating social wealth by utilizing wind energy more efficiently.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a lift-drag vertical axis wind turbine in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wind wheel structure of an open type airfoil blade based on an airfoil NACA0015 in the background art;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the structure of the lift blade assembly of embodiment 1 with concave openings of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lift blade with concave openings according to the present invention, in which struts are connected to the blade in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the structure of embodiment 2 of the lift blade assembly of the present invention with concave openings;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the structure of the lift blade assembly of embodiment 3 with concave openings of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the structure of an embodiment 4 of a lift blade assembly having a concave opening according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the structure of an embodiment 5 of a lift blade assembly having a concave opening according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the structure of an embodiment 6 of a lift blade assembly having a concave opening according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the structure of an embodiment 7 of a lift blade assembly having a concave opening according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of the configuration of embodiment 8 of the lift blade assembly of the present invention with a concave opening;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a lift blade assembly of embodiment 9 having a concave opening according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a lift blade having a concave opening for use with the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a pressure distribution profile around a lift blade having a concave opening of the present invention in operation;
FIG. 15 is a top view of a lift blade assembly embodiment 17 having a concave opening in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a top view of the configuration of an embodiment of a lift blade assembly 20 of the present invention having a concave opening.
In the figure, 1-rotating shaft, 2-supporting rod, 3-resistance type blade, 4-lift type blade, 5-lift type blade with concave opening, 6-resistance baffle plate formed by blade group, 7-upper rotating disc and 8-lower rotating disc.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 3 and 13, the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind turbine structure of the invention comprises a rotating shaft 1, a support rod 2 and lift type blades 5 with concave openings, wherein the support rod 2 is installed on the rotating shaft 1, and the support rod 2 on the rotating shaft 1 is installed in the existing installation mode, which can be welded, or fixed on the rotating shaft 1 in the modes of bolt connection, riveting and the like.
The other end of the support rod 2 is provided with a lifting type blade 5 with a concave opening. The support bar 2 can be fixed with the blade by adopting the scheme shown in fig. 4: one end of the support rod 2 is arranged in the lifting force type blade 5 with a concave opening by fastening methods such as bolts or riveting; other means, such as welding one end of the strut 2 to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, are also possible.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the bolting or riveting or welding herein is not a limitation on the manner in which the struts are connected to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, but it will be understood that any connection method that allows the lift blades 5 having concave openings to be mounted on the struts and function normally and stably will be suitable for use with the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the installation angle α (the angle between the chord line of the blade and the tangent of the circumference of the wind wheel) of the blade can be adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees according to the wind speed in different regions, the operation conditions of the wind turbine and other factors.
The bracing piece 2 on the axis of rotation 1 can be divided into a plurality of groups, a plurality of groups bracing piece 2 connect corresponding blading separately, arrange in each blading and rotate orbital motion have concave open-ended lift type blade 5 in the difference, 5 open position homonymy of open-ended lift type blade 5 with concave open-ended are towards outside the wind wheel circumference, lift type blade 5 that has concave open-ended in each blading arranges gradually, make the blade arrangement state in each blading be close to a monoblock deep bead, form the resistance baffle 6 that constitutes by the blading, the adjacent lift type blade that has concave open-ended in the blading has certain interval between radial.
The radial distance between adjacent lift type blades 5 with concave openings in the blade group needs to be calculated and determined according to the local wind speed, the operating conditions of the wind turbine and the like, and the radial distance is generally designed according to the following two criteria: namely, when the wind power generator is just started or runs at low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the distance between the blades does not obviously influence the flow of relative airflow on each blade.
A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lift type blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged counterclockwise (looking down on the wind wheel) one by one, and the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the inside track are arranged on the rear side of the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the outside track, as shown in fig. 3.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that each blade group at least comprises 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
The wind driven generator with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure is mainly suitable for being installed in inland areas with low wind speed, frequently changed wind direction, intermittent wind power and unstable wind power.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 and 13, the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind turbine structure of the invention comprises a rotating shaft 1, a support rod 2 and lift type blades 5 with concave openings, wherein the support rod 2 is installed on the rotating shaft 1, and the support rod on the rotating shaft 1 is installed in the existing installation mode, which can be welded, or fixed on the rotating shaft 1 in the modes of bolt connection, riveting and the like.
The other end of the support rod 2 is provided with a lifting type blade 5 with a concave opening. The support bar 2 can be fixed with the blade by adopting the scheme shown in fig. 4: one end of the support rod 2 is arranged in the lifting force type blade 5 with a concave opening by fastening methods such as bolts or riveting; other means, such as welding one end of the strut 2 to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, are also possible.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the bolting or riveting or welding herein is not a limitation on the manner in which the struts are connected to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, but it will be understood that any connection method that allows the lift blades 5 having concave openings to be mounted on the struts and function normally and stably will be suitable for use with the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the installation angle α (the angle between the chord line of the blade and the tangent of the circumference of the wind wheel) of the blade can be adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees according to the wind speed in different regions, the operation conditions of the wind turbine and other factors.
The bracing piece 2 on the axis of rotation 1 can be divided into a plurality of groups, a plurality of groups bracing piece connect corresponding blading separately, arrange in each blading and rotate orbital motion have concave open-ended lift type blade 5 in the difference, 5 open position homonymy of open-ended lift type blade 5 with concave open-ended towards outside the wind wheel circumference, lift type blade 5 with concave open-ended in each blading arranges gradually, make the blade 5 arrangement state in every blading of group be close to a monoblock deep bead, form the resistance baffle 6 that constitutes by the blading, the adjacent lift type blade 5 that has concave open-ended in the blading has certain interval between radial.
The radial distance between adjacent lift type blades 5 with concave openings in the blade group needs to be calculated and determined according to the local wind speed, the operating conditions of the wind turbine and the like, and the radial distance is generally designed according to the following two criteria: namely, when the wind power generator is just started or runs at low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the distance between the blades does not obviously influence the flow of relative airflow on each blade.
A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lift type blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged counterclockwise (looking down on the wind wheel) one by one, and the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the outer side orbit are arranged on the rear side of the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the inner side orbit, as shown in fig. 5.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that each blade group at least comprises 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
The wind driven generator with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure is mainly suitable for being installed in inland areas with low wind speed, frequently changed wind direction, intermittent wind power and unstable wind power.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6 and 13, the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind turbine structure of the invention comprises a rotating shaft 1, a support rod 2 and lift type blades 5 with concave openings, wherein the support rod 2 is installed on the rotating shaft 1, and the support rod 2 on the rotating shaft 1 is installed in the existing installation mode, which can be welded, or fixed on the rotating shaft 1 in the modes of bolt connection, riveting and the like.
The other end of the support rod 2 is provided with a lifting type blade 5 with a concave opening. The support bar 2 can be fixed with the blade by adopting the scheme shown in fig. 4: one end of the support rod 2 is arranged in the lifting force type blade 5 with a concave opening by fastening methods such as bolts or riveting; other means, such as welding one end of the strut 2 to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, are also possible.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the bolting or riveting or welding herein is not a limitation on the manner in which the struts are connected to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, but it will be understood that any connection method that allows the lift blades 5 having concave openings to be mounted on the struts and function normally and stably will be suitable for use with the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the installation angle α (the angle between the chord line of the blade and the tangent of the circumference of the wind wheel) of the blade can be adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees according to the wind speed in different regions, the operation conditions of the wind turbine and other factors.
The bracing piece 2 on the axis of rotation 1 can be divided into a plurality of groups, a plurality of groups bracing piece 2 connect corresponding blading separately, arrange in each blading and rotate orbital motion have concave open-ended lift type blade 5 in the difference, 5 open position homonymy of open-ended lift type blade 5 have concave open-ended towards outside the wind wheel circumference, lift type blade 5 that has concave open-ended in each blading arranges gradually, make the 5 arrangement of blade in every group blading be close to a monoblock deep bead, form the resistance baffle 6 that constitutes by the blading, adjacent lift type blade 5 that has concave open-ended has certain interval between radial in the blading.
The radial distance between adjacent lift type blades 5 with concave openings in the blade group needs to be calculated and determined according to the local wind speed, the operating conditions of the wind turbine and the like, and the radial distance is generally designed according to the following two criteria: namely, when the wind power generator is just started or runs at low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the distance between the blades does not obviously influence the flow of relative airflow on each blade.
A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lift type blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged clockwise (looking down on the wind wheel) one by one, and the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the inside track are arranged on the rear side of the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the outside track, as shown in fig. 6.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that each blade group at least comprises 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
The wind driven generator with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure is mainly suitable for being installed in inland areas with low wind speed, frequently changed wind direction, intermittent wind power and unstable wind power.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 7 and 13, the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind turbine structure of the invention comprises a rotating shaft 1, a support rod 2 and lift type blades 5 with concave openings, wherein the support rod 2 is installed on the rotating shaft 1, and the support rod 2 on the rotating shaft 1 is installed in the existing installation mode, which can be welded, or fixed on the rotating shaft 1 in the modes of bolt connection, riveting and the like.
The other end of the support rod 2 is provided with a lifting type blade 5 with a concave opening. The support bar 2 can be fixed with the blade by adopting the scheme shown in fig. 4: one end of the support rod 2 is arranged in the lifting force type blade 5 with a concave opening by fastening methods such as bolts or riveting; other means, such as welding one end of the strut 2 to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, are also possible.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the bolting or riveting or welding herein is not a limitation on the manner in which the struts are connected to the lift blades 5 having concave openings, but it will be understood that any connection method that allows the lift blades 5 having concave openings to be mounted on the struts and function normally and stably will be suitable for use with the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the installation angle α (the angle between the chord line of the blade and the tangent of the circumference of the wind wheel) of the blade can be adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees according to the wind speed in different regions, the operation conditions of the wind turbine and other factors.
The bracing piece 2 on the axis of rotation 1 can be divided into a plurality of groups, a plurality of groups bracing piece 2 connect corresponding blade separately, arrange in each blade group and rotate orbital motion have concave open-ended lift type blade 5 in the difference, 5 open position homonymy of open-ended lift type blade 5 with concave open-ended are towards outside the wind wheel circumference, lift type blade 5 with concave open-ended in each blade group arranges gradually, make the blade arrangement state in each blade group be close to a monoblock deep bead, form the resistance baffle 6 that constitutes by the blade group, adjacent lift type blade that has concave open-ended has certain interval between radial in the blade group.
The radial distance between adjacent lift type blades 5 with concave openings in the blade group needs to be calculated and determined according to the local wind speed, the operating conditions of the wind turbine and the like, and the radial distance is generally designed according to the following two criteria: namely, when the wind power generator is just started or runs at low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the distance between the blades does not obviously influence the flow of relative airflow on each blade.
A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lift type blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged clockwise (looking down on the wind wheel) one by one, and the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the outer side orbit are arranged on the rear side of the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the inner side orbit, as shown in fig. 7.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that each blade group at least comprises 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
The wind driven generator with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure is mainly suitable for being installed in inland areas with low wind speed, frequently changed wind direction, intermittent wind power and unstable wind power.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 8 and 13, the embodiment 5 is an improvement on the structure of the embodiment 1, and the only change is that the opening positions of the lift type blades 5 with concave openings are all uniformly oriented in the circumference of the wind wheel.
The rest of the structure of example 5 is the same as that of example 1.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 9 and 13, the embodiment 6 is an improvement on the structure of the embodiment 2, and the only change is that the opening positions of the lift type blades 5 with concave openings are all uniformly oriented in the circumference of the wind wheel.
The rest of the structure of example 6 is the same as that of example 2.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 10 and 13, the embodiment 7 is an improvement on the structure of the embodiment 3, and the only change is that the opening positions of the lift type blades 5 with concave openings are all uniformly oriented in the circumference of the wind wheel.
The rest of the structure of example 7 is the same as that of example 3.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 11 and 13, the embodiment 8 is an improvement on the structure of the embodiment 4, and the only change is that the opening positions of the lift type blades 5 with concave openings are all uniformly oriented in the circumference of the wind wheel.
The rest of the structure of example 8 is the same as that of example 4.
Example 9.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind turbine structure comprises a rotating shaft 1, an upper rotating disc 7, a lower rotating disc 8 and lift type blades 5 with concave openings. The upper turntable 7 and the lower turntable 8 are disc-shaped, the lift force type blades 5 with concave openings are fixed between the upper turntable and the lower turntable, and the lift force type blades 5 with concave openings on the tracks with different radiuses of the upper turntable 7 and the lower turntable 8 form a blade group.
The upper end and the lower end of the lifting force type blade with the concave opening can be respectively fixed on the upper rotary table and the lower rotary table by adopting welding, bolt connection or riveting and the like, connecting pieces can be respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the lifting force type blade 5 with the concave opening, and corresponding supporting parts are arranged on the upper rotary table and the lower rotary table, so that the upper end and the lower end of the lifting force type blade 5 with the concave opening are respectively fixed on the upper rotary table and the lower rotary table.
As shown in FIG. 4, the installation angle α (the angle between the chord line of the blade and the tangent of the circumference of the wind wheel) of the blade can be adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees according to the wind speed in different regions, the operation conditions of the wind turbine and other factors.
The opening positions of the lift type blades 5 with the concave openings face the periphery of the wind wheel uniformly, the lift type blades with the concave openings in each blade group are arranged gradually, the arrangement state of the blades in each blade group is close to a whole wind shield, a resistance baffle 6 formed by the blade groups is formed, and a certain distance is formed between every two adjacent lift type blades 5 with the concave openings in each blade group in the radial direction.
The radial distance between adjacent lift type blades 5 with concave openings in the blade group needs to be calculated and determined according to the local wind speed, the operating conditions of the wind turbine and the like, and the radial distance is generally designed according to the following two criteria: namely, when the wind power generator is just started or runs at low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the distance between the blades does not obviously influence the flow of relative airflow on each blade.
A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lift type blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged counterclockwise (looking down on the wind wheel) one by one, and the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the inner ring are arranged on the rear side of the lift type blades 5 having concave openings on the outer ring, as shown in fig. 3.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that each blade group at least comprises 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
The wind driven generator with the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure is mainly suitable for being installed in inland areas with low wind speed, frequently changed wind direction, intermittent wind power and unstable wind power.
Example 10.
The embodiment 10 is an improvement on the structure of the embodiment 2, and the only difference is that the lifting type blade 5 with the concave opening in the embodiment 2 is fixed between the upper rotary disk 7 and the lower rotary disk 8 instead.
The rest of the structure of example 10 is the same as example 2.
Example 11.
Embodiment 11 is an improvement on the structure of embodiment 3, except that the lifting type blade 5 having a concave opening in embodiment 3 is fixed between the upper rotary disk 7 and the lower rotary disk 8 instead.
The rest of the structure of example 11 is the same as example 3.
Example 12.
Embodiment 12 is an improvement on the structure of embodiment 4, except that the lifting type blade 5 having a concave opening in embodiment 4 is fixed between the upper rotary disk 7 and the lower rotary disk 8 instead.
The rest of the structure of example 12 is the same as example 4.
Example 13.
Embodiment 13 is an improvement on the structure of embodiment 5, except that the lifting type blade 5 having a concave opening in embodiment 5 is fixed between the upper rotary disk 7 and the lower rotary disk 8 instead.
The rest of the structure of example 13 is the same as example 5.
Example 14.
The embodiment 14 is an improvement of the structure of the embodiment 6, and the only difference is that the lifting type blade 5 with the concave opening in the embodiment 6 is fixed between the upper rotary disk 7 and the lower rotary disk 8 instead.
The rest of the structure of example 14 is the same as example 6.
Example 15
Embodiment 15 is an improvement on the structure of embodiment 7, except that the lifting-force type blade 5 having a concave opening in embodiment 7 is fixed between the upper rotary disk 7 and the lower rotary disk 8 instead.
The rest of the structure of example 15 is the same as example 7.
Example 16
The embodiment 16 is an improvement of the structure of the embodiment 8, and the only difference is that the lifting type blade 5 with the concave opening in the embodiment 8 is fixed between the upper rotary disk 7 and the lower rotary disk 8 instead.
The rest of the structure of example 16 is the same as example 8.
Example 17
As shown in fig. 15, the embodiment 17 is an improvement of the embodiment 1, and the only difference is that the lift blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel.
Example 18
The embodiment 18 is an improvement of the embodiment 3, and the only difference is that the lift type blades 5 with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel.
Example 19
The embodiment 19 is an improvement of the embodiment 5, and the only difference is that the lift type blades 5 with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel.
Example 20
As shown in fig. 16, the embodiment 20 is an improvement of the embodiment 7, and the only difference is that the lift blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel.
Example 21
The embodiment 21 is an improvement of the embodiment 9, and the only difference is that the lift type blades 5 with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel.
Example 22
The embodiment 22 is an improvement of the embodiment 11, and the only difference is that the lift type blades 5 with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel.
Example 23
Embodiment 23 is an improvement of embodiment 13, except that the lift blades 5 having concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind turbine.
Example 24
The embodiment 24 is an improvement of the embodiment 15, and the only difference is that the lift blades 5 with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel between the blades in the radial direction of the wind wheel.
As shown in fig. 13, the airfoil of the lift blade having the concave opening in embodiments 1 to 24 may be an airfoil having an application number of CN03804514.1 (publication number: CN 1639461a) entitled "wind turbine for wind power generation": the outer skin of the blade is formed into a streamline airfoil shape by bending a 1-piece thin plate-shaped material made of a material such as an aluminum alloy or plastic (including glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP)).
In the blade, a supporting beam having a substantially コ -shaped cross section is inserted, and the supporting beam is attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the blade by rivets or adhesives, thereby preventing the blade from being deformed during rotation.
As shown in fig. 4, the blade may be a streamlined airfoil used in an aircraft, such as an open-return (gothic) airfoil, and the cut portion B may be formed in the trailing edge of the lower surface of the airfoil. The blade underside is cut from a position between 35% and 45% from the leading edge a to the trailing edge b, depending on the aerodynamic characteristics of the blade. As a result, the blade is formed into an airfoil having a low reynolds number and a high lift coefficient.
When the wind turbine is started or the tip speed ratio of the wind wheel is less than 1, the lift type blade with the concave opening is provided with a cut part, more importantly, the lift type blade with the concave opening is combined together to form a blade group according to a special arrangement mode, and a resistance type large blade with a wind shielding effect is formed similarly, so that compared with the wind in the direction A of the figure 3, in a low rotating speed area with the tip speed ratio of less than 1, the wind generates the rotating moment of the wind wheel through the resistance plate effect formed by the blade group. The pure resistance type blade wind wheel also has larger wind power driving moment under the condition of lower wind speed, the lift type blades with concave openings are combined together according to a special arrangement mode to form the wind wheel with the blade group forming the resistance plate effect, and the pure resistance type wind wheel has the characteristics of the pure resistance type wind wheel, so that the starting can be completed under the condition of lower wind speed.
When the rotor tip speed ratio reaches 1 or more, a pressure distribution as shown in fig. 14 is formed around the single blade with respect to the wind from the front (arrow direction in fig. 4). That is, the pressure distribution of the airfoil used for the blade is such that the pressure is higher than the outside air pressure in the front portion of the under surface of the blade and is substantially the same as the outside air pressure in the rear portion, and on the upper surface, the flow velocity is accelerated by the blade shape at the tip, and therefore the pressure is reduced. The lift type blades with the concave openings are combined together to form a blade group according to a special arrangement mode, but each lift type blade with the concave openings has the capability of generating lift under the action of relative airflow when the wind wheel rotates at a high speed, so that the wind wheel has the characteristic of high wind energy utilization rate of a pure lift type blade wind wheel.
The blades use airfoils with a low reynolds number and a high lift coefficient, so that lift is generated by the wind on the blades, and these forces rotate the rotor.
The Reynolds number of the blade is in the range of 30,000-3,000,000, and the lift coefficient is in the range of 1.0-1.4.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A wind wheel structure of a low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind driven generator comprises a rotating shaft, a supporting rod and lift-type blades with concave openings, wherein the supporting rod is installed on the rotating shaft, the lift-type blades with concave openings are installed at the other end of the supporting rod, the wind turbine blade is characterized in that a plurality of groups of supporting rods arranged on a rotating shaft are respectively connected with corresponding blade groups, blades with different rotating tracks are arranged in each blade group, the opening positions of lift type blades with concave openings face the outside of the circumference of a wind wheel in a unified mode or face the inside of the circumference of the wind wheel in a unified mode, the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in an orderly mode, the arrangement state of the blades in each blade group is close to a whole wind shield, a resistance baffle plate formed by the blade groups is formed, and intervals are formed between the adjacent lift type blades with concave openings in the blade group in the radial direction.
2. The wind wheel structure of the low-wind-speed self-starting vertical-axis lift-drag composite wind driven generator comprises a rotating shaft, a rotating disc and lift-type blades with concave openings, and is characterized in that the rotating disc is divided into tracks with different radiuses, the upper end and the lower end of each lift-type blade with concave openings are respectively fixed on the upper rotating disc and the lower rotating disc, the lift-type blades with concave openings on the inner track and the outer track form a blade group, the opening positions of the lift-type blades with concave openings uniformly face the outside of the circumference of the wind wheel or the inside of the circumference of the wind wheel, the lift-type blades with concave openings in each blade group are gradually arranged, the arrangement state of the blades in each blade group is close to a whole block of wind screen, a resistance baffle plate formed by the blade group is formed, and a space is reserved between every two.
3. The wind wheel structure of the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, looking down the wind wheel direction, the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged clockwise one by one, and the clockwise arrangement of the blades means the arrangement of the blades which makes the rotation direction of the wind wheel clockwise; when the wind wheel rotates, wind flows from the front edge to the rear edge of the blade, the front edge of the lift type blade is the windward side of the lift type blade, the rear edge of the lift type blade is the leeward side of the lift type blade, and the lift type blade with the concave opening on the inner track/the outer track is arranged behind the rear edge of the lift type blade with the concave opening on the outer track/the inner track.
4. The wind wheel structure of the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, looking down the wind wheel direction, the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged counterclockwise one by one, and the counterclockwise arrangement of the blades means that the rotation direction of the wind wheel is counterclockwise; when the wind wheel rotates, wind flows from the front edge to the rear edge of the blade, the front edge of the lift type blade is the windward side of the lift type blade, the rear edge of the lift type blade is the leeward side of the lift type blade, and the lift type blade with the concave opening on the inner track/the outer track is arranged behind the rear edge of the lift type blade with the concave opening on the outer track/the inner track.
5. The wind wheel structure of the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when looking down the wind wheel direction, the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged clockwise in the wind wheel radial direction in a parallel state between the blades, and the clockwise in the wind wheel radial direction in a parallel state between the blades means that the rotation direction of the wind wheel is clockwise in the wind wheel radial direction in a parallel state between the blades.
6. The wind wheel structure of the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when looking down the wind wheel direction, the lift type blades with concave openings in each blade group are arranged in parallel state among the blades in the wind wheel radial direction counterclockwise, and the arrangement in parallel state among the blades in the wind wheel radial direction counterclockwise means that the blades in the wind wheel radial direction are arranged in parallel state with the rotating direction of the wind wheel counterclockwise.
7. The wind wheel structure of the low wind speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag combined type wind driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each blade group comprises at least 2 blades, and the wind wheel can be efficiently rotated for wind from any direction regardless of the wind direction.
8. The wind wheel structure of the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that according to the operating condition factors of wind turbines in different regions, the included angle between the chord line of the blade and the circumferential tangent of the wind wheel, i.e. the installation angle, is adjusted within the range of 0-8 degrees when the lift-type blade with the concave opening is installed.
9. The wind wheel structure of the low wind speed self-starting vertical axis lift-drag composite wind driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radial distance between adjacent lift type blades with concave openings in the blade group is calculated and determined according to the operating condition factors of the local wind turbine and the following requirements: when the wind power generation device is just started or runs at a low speed, the distance between the blades can ensure that the blade group forms a wind shield with larger wind resistance; when the blades run at high speed, the blade spacing does not significantly affect the flow of the relative airflow over each blade.
CN201811558859.9A 2018-12-19 2018-12-19 Low-wind-speed self-starting vertical shaft lift-drag composite wind wheel structure of wind driven generator Active CN109356787B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201221439Y (en) * 2008-07-16 2009-04-15 肖伟南 Double-layer type combined fan blade structure of wind power generator
JP2011012588A (en) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-20 Shigeyuki Iida Straight blade multiple orbit arrangement vertical shaft type turbine and power generating apparatus
CN201747518U (en) * 2009-11-05 2011-02-16 张建新 Vertical shaft hook-shaped wing lift and drag compatible wind machine
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