CN117819529A - 一种镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶的制备与应用 - Google Patents
一种镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶的制备与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶的制备与应用,制备方法包括:将乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、镍盐混合,煅烧,得到。与现有技术相比,本发明制备的碳点纳米酶相比于天然酶,具有活性稳定、温和的条件下高效地催化化学反应、可进行表面修饰、生产成本低工艺简单的优点。相比于之前文献报道的镍铁共掺杂碳点,这种双金属共负载的碳点纳米酶,不仅具有纳米材料的性质,还具有酶的催化活性,更拥有高效的声动力性能和化学动力性能,可应用于催化肿瘤治疗,具有较好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药应用技术领域,涉及一种镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶的制备与应用。
背景技术
癌症仍是当今人类难以攻克的疾病之一,现阶段一线治疗肿瘤的手段多以手术、化学药物治疗和放射治疗为主。尽管这些方法能够延长患者的生存时间,但也存在复发和引发并发症的可能性。纳米酶作为一种新型的模拟酶,既具有纳米材料的独特性质,又具有酶的催化活性,近年来成为多学科研究的热点。纳米酶是一类类酶的纳米材料,与天然酶相比,具有制备简单、稳定性高、成本低等优点,而且纳米酶催化治疗不需要外部刺激。现目前已有几百种不同类型的具有不同类酶活性的纳米材料被开发出来并广泛应用于生物医学领域,包括免疫测定、生物传感器、抗菌、抗生物膜剂以及体内临床诊断和治疗等。大量活性氧(ROS)的产生是诱导恶性肿瘤细胞凋亡或坏死的主要策略之一。高效利用这些有限的生物化学物质在肿瘤微环境(TME)中获得最佳的治疗效果和最低的毒性是肿瘤治疗的关键。在这些应用中,纳米酶辅助体内肿瘤治疗,利用过氧化物酶或类似氧化酶的纳米材料催化H2O2或O2,以提高细胞中的活性氧(ROS)应激水平,可能更容易损伤癌细胞。
近年来,肿瘤治疗采用更多更安全有效的非入侵性的治疗技术,包括光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)、声动力疗法(sonodynamic therapy,SDT)和光热疗法(photothermal therapy,PTT)等。SDT能够利用超声波(ultrasound,US)的深部组织穿透性激活集中于肿瘤内的声敏剂,诱导活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的产生,使肿瘤细胞发生不可逆的损伤,US具有更深的组织穿透深度(>10cm),并且已经在临床诊断中得到了广泛的应用。因此,用US作为激发源,发展US介导的声动力治疗(SDT),有望从本质上突破传统光动力治疗光穿透深度的限制,提升深层肿瘤的治疗效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶的制备与应用,通过将镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶封装于癌细胞膜的内部,靶向肿瘤细胞,通过纳米酶的催化治疗协同SDT、CDT、CAT共同调节以提高肿瘤微环境的ROS应激水平,达到损伤癌细胞的目的。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
本发明的第一方面提供一种双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,包括:将乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、镍盐混合,煅烧,得到。
进一步地,所述镍盐为NiCl2。
进一步地,所述乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、NiCl2的质量比为1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2)。
进一步地,所述乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、NiCl2的质量比为1:1:1。
进一步地,所述乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、镍盐通过溶液混合完成,包括将乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、镍盐加入至水中,搅拌,干燥,研磨。
进一步地,干燥温度为60-70℃。
进一步地,煅烧条件为:煅烧温度300-400℃,煅烧时间1.5-2.5h,煅烧气氛为氮气。
进一步地,升温速率为4-6℃/min。
进一步地,煅烧所得固相经乙醇提取,过滤,旋蒸,加水复溶,过滤,得到。
本发明的第二方面提供一种采用如上所述方法制备得到的双金属碳点纳米酶的应用,包括将所述的双金属碳点纳米酶用于制备治疗(杀死)肿瘤细胞的药物。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下特点:
本发明报道了第一个“双金属镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶”概念,制备的碳点纳米酶相比于天然酶,具有活性稳定、温和的条件下高效地催化化学反应、可进行表面修饰、生产成本低工艺简单的优点。相比于之前文献报道的镍铁共掺杂碳点,这种双金属共负载的碳点纳米酶,不仅具有纳米材料的性质,还具有酶的催化活性,更拥有高效的声动力性能和化学动力性能,可应用于催化肿瘤治疗,具有较好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所制备的Ni-Fe-CD的荧光激发与发射光谱和紫外吸收光谱图片。
图2中实施例1所制备的Ni-Fe-CD(a)、Fe-CD(b)、Ni-CD(c)的X射线衍射能谱。
图3中实施例1中的a)Ni-Fe-CD的1O2产生速率测试;b)Ni-Fe-CD、Fe-CD和Ni-CD的1O2产生速率对比;c)Ni-Fe-CD在Ph4.5条件下的·OH产生速率测试。
图4为实施例1所制备的Ni-Fe-CD在US照射(50kHz,3.0W cm-2,5min)或不照射时的细胞存活率对比。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例以本发明上述技术方案为前提进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1:
一种双金属碳点纳米酶(Ni-Fe-CD)的制备方法:
S1:将1.6g乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)和1.6g乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁(Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,disodium ferric salt)和1.6g NiCl2混合加入到20mL去离子水中,搅拌30分钟混合均匀。
S2:将步骤S1中的混合溶液在65℃烘箱中烘干。
S3:将步骤S2得到的烘干后的粉末取出,用研钵研磨成细碎粉末盐混合物。
S4:取1g步骤S3的粉末装入石英舟中,放入石英管中心,在通N2的情况下,在管式炉中煅烧。设置加热速率为5℃/min,在350℃下煅烧2小时。
S5:取出高温热解后的粉末,加入80ml无水甲醇来提取Ni-Fe-CD,搅拌20min后,高速离心(14000rpm)两次取出不溶性钠盐、铁盐和镍盐。
S6:用0.22μm Titan3TMPTEE滤纸抽滤上棕色溶液去除碳碎片,旋蒸去除甲醇后加水溶解超声,再用0.22μm Titan3TMPTEE滤纸过滤得到最终产物。
基于相同方法,但在步骤S1中未加入乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁或NiCl2,最终所得产物分别记为Ni-CD、Fe-CD。
实施例2:性能表征
将上述实施例中所制得的镍铁共掺杂碳点纳米酶经仪器检测进行表征、声动力性能检测、化学动力性能检测、MTT法测定其细胞毒性、傅里叶红外光谱检测、X射线衍射能谱检测,具体检测方法如下:
Ni-Fe-CD的声动力性能测试:
实施例1所制备的Ni-Fe-CD在低强度超声下能够产生大量的单线态氧(1O2),通过使用1,3-二苯基异苯并呋喃(DPBF)作为1O2探针,检测Ni-Fe-CD在超声辐照下的1O2生成效率,以评估其声动力性能。
Ni-Fe-CD的化学动力性能测试:
实施例1所制备的Ni-Fe-CD和过氧化氢反应能够产生羟基自由基(·OH),通过使用3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)作为·OH探针,检测Ni-Fe-CD在不同浓度的过氧化氢(0、0.1、0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0mM)存在下的·OH生成效率,以评估其化学动力性能。
Ni-Fe-CD的声动力治疗:
本实施例通过MTT法对经过Ni-Fe-CD和US照射处理后的细胞进行细胞存活率的检测。将小鼠乳腺癌细胞(4T1)种到96孔板中,每孔的密度为5000个,分别培养24小时和48小时,然后加入不同浓度(0,50,100,200,400,600μg/mL)Ni-Fe-CD培养4小时,用US(50kHz,3.0W cm-2)照射5分钟,然后用标准的MTT实验检测Ni-Fe-CD的体外声动力治疗疗效。
结果如下:
由图1可知,Ni-Fe-CD的最佳发射峰为440nm,最佳激发波长为360nm。在360nm处有一个紫外吸收峰。
由图2可知,Ni-Fe-CD和Ni-CD、Fe-CD均有碳点特征峰。
由图3可知,Ni-Fe-CD的声动力性能要明显优于单金属的碳点(Ni-CD、Fe-CD);同时,Ni-Fe-CD还有高效的化学动力学性能。
由图4可知,Ni-Fe-CD即使没有US照射,纳米酶活性也能杀死肿瘤细胞;在US照射下,Ni-Fe-CD基本可以将肿瘤细胞完全杀死。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:将乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、镍盐混合,煅烧,得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述镍盐为NiCl2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、NiCl2的质量比为1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、NiCl2的质量比为1:1:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、镍盐通过溶液混合完成,包括将乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、镍盐加入至水中,搅拌,干燥,研磨。
6.根据权利要求1所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,干燥温度为60-70℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,煅烧条件为:煅烧温度300-400℃,煅烧时间1.5-2.5h,煅烧气氛为氮气。
8.根据权利要求7所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,升温速率为4-6℃/min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的双金属碳点纳米酶的制备方法,其特征在于,煅烧所得固相经乙醇提取,过滤,旋蒸,加水复溶,过滤,得到。
10.一种采用如权利要求1至9任一项所述方法制备得到的双金属碳点纳米酶的应用,其特征在于,所述的双金属碳点纳米酶用于制备治疗肿瘤细胞的药物。
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