CN117802974B - Special-shaped pipe pile capable of recycling drainage and heating for weak ground multi-layer section and construction method - Google Patents
Special-shaped pipe pile capable of recycling drainage and heating for weak ground multi-layer section and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117802974B CN117802974B CN202410224314.3A CN202410224314A CN117802974B CN 117802974 B CN117802974 B CN 117802974B CN 202410224314 A CN202410224314 A CN 202410224314A CN 117802974 B CN117802974 B CN 117802974B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
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Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile for a plurality of sections of a soft foundation and a construction method, comprising a pipe pile body and a drainage pipe, wherein the pipe pile body is vertically arranged in the soft foundation; the drainage pipes are arranged on the periphery of the tubular pile body and are formed by connecting a side wall and a side wall, and one side wall of each drainage pipe is connected with the outer wall of the tubular pile body; the drain pipe is provided with a water filtering hole; the lower end of the drain pipe is closed, the upper end of the drain pipe is covered with a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is provided with an air and water pumping hole. Free water and weak combined water in a soft foundation can be rapidly discharged by utilizing the special-shaped pipe pile for construction, the bearing capacity of the foundation is improved, and the soil body strength is increased. The problems of difficult foundation treatment drainage, long drainage consolidation period, weak foundation bearing capacity and large consolidation settlement in soft expansive soil areas are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soft soil foundation treatment, in particular to a recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile for a weak foundation multi-layer section and a construction method.
Background
The soft expansive soil is a typical soft foundation, has obvious characteristics of swelling and shrinking, super consolidation and cracking due to the fact that the soft expansive soil is rich in hydrophilic mineral components such as illite, montmorillonite and the like, and can not be directly used as a building foundation or a road subgrade in engineering construction. With the continuous deep construction of projects such as towns, traffic, water conservancy and the like, the soft foundation treatment problem is increasingly prominent, the drainage is important for the foundation treatment of soft expansive soil areas, the drainage of soft foundations is difficult, particularly weak binding water in the soil is not effectively and practically removed, a series of problems such as large consolidation settlement, long consolidation period, weak foundation bearing capacity and the like are caused, and the construction quality and operation safety of the projects are seriously affected.
The existing drainage consolidation method has long construction period, poor economic benefit and weak recycling property, and simultaneously has the following technical problems: after the soft swelling soil absorbs water, when clay particles absorb water and swell, the surface of the soil particles is weakly combined with a water film to thicken, the volume of the soil particles is increased, the distance between the soil particles is increased, and the bearing capacity of a foundation is poor. Therefore, in the vacuum preloading process, when the water content in the soil reaches the critical water content, even if the soil pressure is greatly increased, the weakly bound water in the soil is still difficult to discharge, and the water content of the weakly expansive soil is difficult to further reduce.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, there is a need for a weak ground based multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile and a construction method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a weak ground-based multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile and a construction method, which solve the problems of long construction period, low bearing capacity and difficult drainage in the prior art, and can be used for draining free water and weak combined water in a soft foundation, solidifying soil, greatly improving the bearing capacity of the pipe pile and effectively reducing the risk of building damage caused by difficult drainage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The utility model provides a recoverable drainage-heating special-shaped tubular pile of weak ground multislice section, includes tubular pile body and drain pipe, wherein, the tubular pile body is vertical to be set up in the weak ground; the drainage pipes are arranged at the periphery of the tubular pile body; the drain pipe is formed by connecting a side wall and a side wall; a side wall of the drain pipe is connected with the outer wall of the tubular pile body; the drain pipe is provided with a water filtering hole; the lower end of the drain pipe is closed, the upper end of the drain pipe is covered with a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is provided with an air and water pumping hole.
Further, in the weak ground-based multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, the weak ground comprises a plurality of sections of weak expansion soil layers, and the layer between the two sections of weak expansion soil layers is a non-weak expansion soil layer; the tubular pile body comprises a plurality of thick pile sections and a plurality of thin pile sections, wherein the outer diameter D 1 of the thick pile sections is larger than the outer diameter D 2 of the thin pile sections, and the thick pile sections and the thin pile sections are alternately arranged from top to bottom; the pile body is formed by casting reinforced concrete materials in one step by adopting a ground precast method, or the thin pile section is formed by casting reinforced concrete materials in one step by adopting a ground precast method, the thick pile section is made of steel, and the pile body is formed by combining a plurality of thick pile sections and a plurality of thin pile sections; the pile sections sequentially comprise a first section, a second section, a third section … … and an nth section from top to bottom, the top surface of the pile section of the first section is flush with the ground surface, and the top surfaces of the pile sections except the first section are flush with the surface of the weak expansive soil stratum or the surface of the non-weak expansive soil stratum; the outer diameter D 1 of the pile section is 300-1000 mm, and the axial length M 1 is 10-30 cm; the axial length of the pile section is M 2,M2≤10M1.
Further, in the above-mentioned weak ground-based multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, the axis of the drainage pipe is parallel to the axis of the pipe pile body, the upper end of the drainage pipe is flush with the upper end of the pipe pile body, the lower end of the drainage pipe is flush with the lower end of the pipe pile body, and the drainage pipe is penetrated along the whole axial length of the pipe pile body; the plurality of drain pipes are uniformly arranged around the tubular pile body; the side walls are arranged opposite to the side walls; the cross section of the pair of side walls is arc-shaped, the diameter of the cross section of the pair of side walls is consistent with the outer diameter D 1 of the pile section, a first sliding groove matched with the side wall is arranged on the outer wall of the pile section, and the cross section of the whole formed by the drain pipe and the pile section is circular; the difference between the outer diameter D 1 of the thick pile section and the outer diameter D 2 of the thin pile section is H, and the maximum radial depth of the first sliding groove is H, wherein H-H is less than 20mm.
Further, in the above-mentioned weak ground-based multi-layer section recoverable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, the drainage pipe includes a plurality of sections of drainage heating sections and a plurality of sections of drainage non-heating sections, the plurality of sections of drainage heating sections and the plurality of sections of drainage non-heating sections are alternately connected, the drainage heating sections are located in the weak expanded soil layer, the drainage non-heating sections are located in the non-weak expanded soil layer, the axial length of the drainage heating sections is consistent with the thickness of the corresponding weak expanded soil layer, and the axial length of the drainage non-heating sections is consistent with the thickness of the corresponding non-weak expanded soil layer; four to six water draining pipes are arranged.
Further, in the above-mentioned weak ground-based multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, a limiting slide bar is arranged on one side wall of the drainage heating section and one side wall of the drainage non-heating section, the axis of the limiting slide bar is parallel to the axis of the drainage pipe, and the length of the limiting slide bar is consistent with the length of the drainage heating section or the drainage non-heating section; the limiting slide bar comprises a vertical plate and a connecting plate, wherein the vertical plate is vertically arranged with the connecting plate, the vertical plate is connected with the drainage heating section or the drainage non-heating section through the connecting plate, the width of the vertical plate is larger than the thickness of the connecting plate, and the vertical plate and the connecting plate form a T-shaped structure on the same cross section; the pile section is provided with a second chute matched with the limit sliding bar, and the limit sliding bar can be inserted into the second chute from the upper part of the pile section; two limit sliding strips are arranged; graphite powder lubricating blocks are arranged on the outer wall of the limiting slide bar and in the second slide groove.
Further, in the above-mentioned weak ground-based multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, a limiting block is arranged at the upper end of the limiting slide bar, a limiting groove matched with the limiting block is arranged at the lower end of the limiting slide bar, the limiting block of the limiting slide bar positioned below can be inserted into the limiting groove of the limiting slide bar positioned above, and the depth of the limiting groove is consistent with the height of the limiting block; the limiting block is provided with a first bolt hole, and the limiting slide bar, the pair of side walls and the side wall are all provided with a second bolt hole; the limiting bolt can sequentially pass through the second bolt hole on the pair of side walls, the second bolt hole on the side wall, the first bolt hole of the limiting block and the second bolt hole on the limiting slide bar, and the limiting bolt can connect adjacent between the limiting slide bar on the drainage heating section and the limiting slide bar on the drainage non-heating section.
Further, in the above-mentioned weak ground-based multi-layer section recoverable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, the upper end of the sealing cover is consistent with the appearance of the drain pipe, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the sealing cover and the drain pipe, and the lower end of the sealing cover is mutually nested with the drain pipe.
Further, in the weak ground-based multi-layer section recyclable water drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, the thick pile section is at least provided with 3 sections, and the thin pile section is at least provided with 2 sections; 1-2 rows of water filtering holes are formed in the pair of side walls along the axial direction of the water drainage pipe; a plurality of water filtering holes are uniformly formed in the side wall corresponding to each pile section along the axial direction of the drain pipe, and 1-2 rows of water filtering holes are formed in the side wall along the axial direction of the drain pipe; the diameter of each water filtering hole is 60mm, and the distance between two adjacent water filtering holes is 300-600 mm; and a reverse filtering layer and a check valve are arranged in the water filtering hole.
On the other hand, the construction method for constructing the recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile by using the weak ground multi-layer section comprises the following steps of:
step 1, drilling and coring, namely dividing intervals: determining the stratum where the weak expansive soil of the pre-reinforced area is located and the overall stratum distribution condition, and dividing the weak expansive soil stratum and the non-weak expansive soil stratum;
Step 2, determining pile distribution parameters: determining a plane arrangement scheme of the tubular pile body, the length of the tubular pile body, an alternating scheme of a plurality of thick pile sections and a plurality of thin pile sections, the length of each thick pile section and the length of each thin pile section according to layer section division of the soft foundation;
Step3, preparing a tubular pile body;
Step 4, pile assembly: the drain pipe and the tubular pile body are assembled and installed;
And 5, pile pressing: the whole of the drain pipe and the pipe pile body is pressed into the stratum in a static pressure mode at a preset pile pressing position;
Step 6, vacuumizing and draining: after the step 5 is completed, a sealing blank cap is arranged at the upper end of the drain pipe, the vacuumizing equipment is communicated with the inside of the drain pipe through an air suction pumping hole of the sealing blank cap, the drain pipe is vacuumized, the vacuum degree is kept at-100 kPa, and the drain pipe is continuously vacuumized to drain water, so that the drainage of free water in a soft foundation is accelerated;
Step 7, extracting the recyclable drain pipe: stopping vacuumizing after vacuumizing drainage reaches the end standard, and pulling out the drainage pipe;
Step 8, soft foundation drainage consolidation:
For the soft expansive soil stratum, calculating the square quantity of lime powder according to the layer thickness of the soft expansive soil stratum, spraying the lime powder into the soft expansive soil stratum through a fixing hole formed by a pipeline through a drain pipe, compacting, and accelerating the discharge of weakly bound water in the soft expansive soil stratum by means of exothermic heat of the lime powder and water reaction;
For the non-weak expansion soil stratum, the fixing holes formed by the drain pipes are filled with the tri-compound soil in a layered mode and compacted.
Further, in the construction method, the lime powder is filled in a weak expansive soil stratum, and the tri-clay is filled in a non-weak expansive soil stratum; the tri-clay is prepared by uniformly mixing lime powder, clay and sand serving as raw materials with water, wherein the volume ratio of the lime powder to the clay to the sand is 3:2:1; in the step 7, after the drainage amount is smaller than 0.5m 3/h, maintaining the drainage amount of drainage for 12h to be smaller than 0.5m 3/h, and stopping drainage; in the step 8, the number of segments of the weak expanded soil layer is a, the area of the cross section of the fixing hole is B, the thickness of the weak expanded soil layer 31 is h, and the square quantity of lime powder is S, s=a×b×h.
According to analysis, the invention discloses a weak ground multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, free water in a soft foundation can be rapidly discharged by utilizing the special-shaped pipe pile for construction, weak combined water in the soft foundation can be further discharged, the bearing capacity of the foundation is improved, and the soil body strength is increased. The problems of difficult foundation treatment drainage, long drainage consolidation period, weak foundation bearing capacity and large consolidation settlement in soft expansive soil areas are solved, meanwhile, the friction force of the tubular pile body is also improved, and the recoverability of the drainage pipe can greatly save the engineering cost and improve the economic benefit. The special-shaped pipe pile is utilized to construct, so that the drainage consolidation of soil around the pipe pile body can be accelerated, free water around the pipe pile body is discharged through the drain pipe, weak-binding water of the soil around the pipe pile body is further drained through lime powder heating drainage, the soil is consolidated, the bearing capacity of the pile foundation is improved, and the friction force between the pipe pile body and the soil is enhanced. The surface area of the tubular pile body in contact with the soil body is improved through the mode that the thin pile sections and the thick pile sections are alternately arranged, so that the special-shaped tubular pile has a large specific surface area, the friction between the pile body of the special-shaped tubular pile and the soil body around the special-shaped tubular pile is effectively enhanced, and the special-shaped tubular pile has more excellent axial tensile resistance and pulling resistance.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. Wherein:
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a tubular pile body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating assembly of a pipe pile body and a drain pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a drain pipe according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another perspective structure of a drain pipe according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at E of FIG. 4;
fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at F of fig. 5;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the bottom end of a drain pipe according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a seal cap according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom end of the drainage heating section or the drainage non-heating section according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a limit plug according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 15 is a flowchart of a construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1, a drain pipe; 11 a side wall; 12 pairs of side walls; 13 a drainage heating section; a 131 limiting block; 132 limit grooves; 133 first pin holes; 134 second pin holes; 135 limit pins; 14 limiting sliding strips; 141 vertical plates; 142 connecting plates; 15 water filtering holes; 16 graphite powder lubricating blocks; 17 sealing the blank cap; 171 air and water suction holes; 18 a drain non-heating section; 2, a tubular pile body; 21 thick pile sections; 211 a first chute; 212 a second chute; 22 thin pile sections; 3, soft foundation; 31 a weak expansive soil layer; 32 a non-weak expansive soil layer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. The examples are provided by way of explanation of the invention and not limitation of the invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used on another embodiment to yield still a further embodiment. Accordingly, it is intended that the present invention encompass such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description of the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "coupled," "connected," and "configured" as used herein are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected or detachably connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate component; either a wired electrical connection, a radio connection or a wireless communication signal connection, the specific meaning of which terms will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
One or more examples of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The detailed description uses numerical and letter designations to refer to features in the drawings. Like or similar designations in the drawings and description have been used to refer to like or similar parts of the invention. As used herein, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to represent the location or importance of the individual components.
As shown in fig. 1 to 15, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a weak ground-based multi-layer section recyclable water drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a pipe pile body 2 and a water drainage pipe 1, wherein the pipe pile body 2 is vertically disposed in a weak ground 3; the drainage pipe 1 is provided with a plurality of drainage pipes 1, as shown in fig. 3, and the plurality of drainage pipes 1 are arranged on the periphery of the tubular pile body 2, as shown in fig. 11, the drainage pipe 1 is formed by connecting a side wall 11 and a side wall 12, and one side wall 11 of the drainage pipe 1 is connected with the outer wall of the tubular pile body 2; the opposite side wall 12 of the drain pipe 1 is contacted with the soil body of the soft foundation 3, and a water filtering hole 15 is arranged on the drain pipe 1; the lower extreme of drain pipe 1 is sealed, as shown in fig. 8, and the upper end of drain pipe 1 is covered with sealed blank cap 17, is provided with the hole 171 that draws air and draws water on the sealed blank cap 17, and the hole 171 that draws air and draws water is used for connecting the evacuation equipment, and the evacuation equipment draws vacuum to drain pipe 1 through the hole 171 that draws air and draws water, makes the drain pipe 1 in form the negative pressure, improves the drainage pressure field gradient value of soft foundation 3, and the free water in the soft foundation 3 passes through filtration water hole 15 and gets into drain pipe 1, realizes the drainage. Free water and weak binding water in the soft foundation 3 can be discharged by utilizing the special-shaped pipe pile, soil body of the soft foundation 3 is solidified, bearing capacity of the pipe pile body 2 is greatly improved, risk of building damage caused by difficult water discharge is effectively reduced, construction period is short, bearing capacity is high, and water discharge is convenient.
Further, the soft foundation 3 includes a plurality of sections of soft expanded soil layers 31, and a layer between two sections of soft expanded soil layers 31 is a non-soft expanded soil layer 32; as shown in fig. 2, the tubular pile body 2 includes a plurality of thick pile segments 21 and a plurality of thin pile segments 22, the tubular pile body 2 is formed by casting reinforced concrete materials once by adopting a ground precast method, or the thin pile segments 22 are formed by casting reinforced concrete materials once by adopting a ground precast method, the thick pile segments 21 are formed by steel, and the tubular pile body 2 is formed by combining a plurality of thick pile segments 21 and a plurality of thin pile segments 22. As shown in fig. 6, the outer diameter D 1 of the pile section 21 is larger than the outer diameter D 2 of the pile section 22, and the pile sections 21 and 22 are alternately arranged from top to bottom along the axial direction of the pile body 2; the plurality of sections of thick pile sections 21 are first section, second section, third section … …, nth section from top to bottom in proper order, and the top surface of first section thick pile section 21 flushes with the earth's surface, and the top surface of other thick pile sections 21 except for first section flushes with the surface of weak expanded soil stratum 31 or the surface of non-weak expanded soil stratum 32, and the setting of thick pile section 21 improves the area of contact between tubular pile body 2 and the soil body, has improved the vertical bearing capacity and the resistance to plucking bearing capacity of dysmorphism tubular pile. The outer diameter D 1 of the pile section 21 is 300-1000 mm, and the axial length M 1 of the pile section 21 is 10-30 cm; the axial length of the thin pile section 22 is M 2,M2≤10M1, so that the friction force between the pipe pile body 2 and the soil body can be increased, and the stability of the drain pipe 1 is ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the axis of the drain pipe 1 is parallel to the axis of the pipe pile body 2, the upper end of the drain pipe 1 is flush with the upper end of the pipe pile body 2, the lower end of the drain pipe 1 is flush with the lower end of the pipe pile body 2, the drain pipe 1 is penetrated along the whole axial length of the pipe pile body 2, and a plurality of drain pipes 1 are uniformly arranged around the pipe pile body 2; a side wall 11 and a pair of side walls 12 are disposed opposite each other; the cross section of the side wall 12 is arc-shaped, the diameter of the cross section of the side wall 12 is consistent with the outer diameter D 1 of the thick pile section 21, the appearance of the thick pile section 21 is of a special-shaped structure, a first sliding groove 211 matched with one side wall 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the thick pile section 21, each drain pipe 1 corresponds to one first sliding groove 211, the thick pile section 21 and the drain pipes 1 are nested through the first sliding grooves 211, the axis of the first sliding groove 211 is parallel to the axis of the tubular pile body 2, the length of the first sliding groove 211 is consistent with the pitch length of the thick pile section 21, and the whole cross section formed by the drain pipes 1 and the thick pile section 21 is round; as shown in fig. 6, the difference between the outer diameter D 1 of the pile section 21 and the outer diameter D 2 of the pile section 22 is H, the maximum radial depth of the first sliding groove 211 is H, H-H < 20mm, and thus the unstable deformation of the drain pipe 1 can be prevented.
During construction, the vacuumizing equipment is communicated with the inside of the drain pipe 1 through the air suction water pumping hole 171 of the sealing blank cap 17, vacuumizing and water draining are carried out on the drain pipe 1 by using the vacuumizing equipment, free water in the soil body of the soft foundation 3 enters the drain pipe 1 through the water filtering hole 15 under the action of pressure difference, further, the free water in the soft foundation 3 is discharged, when the vacuumizing and water draining are completed, the drain pipe 1 is pulled out, the recovery of the drain pipe 1 is realized, the engineering cost can be greatly saved, and the economic benefit is improved.
The position of the weak expansion soil layer 31 is filled with lime powder through the fixing holes formed after the drain pipe 1 is pulled out, and weak binding water in the weak expansion soil layer 31 is discharged through the hydration heat of the lime powder. And filling the positions of the non-soft expansive soil layers 32 with the triple clay, and extruding and reinforcing the peripheral non-soft expansive soil layers 32 through the triple clay.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the drain pipe 1 includes a plurality of drain heating sections 13 and a plurality of drain non-heating sections 18, the plurality of drain heating sections 13 and the plurality of drain non-heating sections 18 are alternately connected, the drain heating sections 13 are located in the soft expanded soil layer 31, the drain non-heating sections 18 are located in the non-soft expanded soil layer 32, the axial length of the drain heating sections 13 is consistent with the thickness of the corresponding soft expanded soil layer 31, and the axial length of the drain non-heating sections 18 is consistent with the thickness of the corresponding non-soft expanded soil layer 32; the drainage pipes 1 are provided with four to six drainage pipes 1 which are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the pipe pile body 2.
The weak expansive soil layer is reinforced in two stages: the stage 1 is a vacuumizing and draining stage, and mainly adopts a draining heating section 13 to drain free water; and the stage 2 is a lime hydration heat drainage reinforcement stage, after the stage 1 is finished, the drainage heating section 13 is dismantled, lime powder is filled in the layer position of the corresponding weak expansion soil stratum, and weak binding water is discharged through lime powder hydration heat.
The non-weak expansive soil layer reinforcement includes two stages: the stage 1 is a vacuumizing and draining stage, wherein the draining non-heating section 18 is mainly used for draining free water; and the stage 2 is a tri-compound soil compaction and reinforcement stage, after the stage 1 is finished, the drainage non-heating section 18 is removed, tri-compound soil is filled in the corresponding layer position of the non-weak expansion soil stratum, and the peripheral non-weak expansion soil stratum is compacted by the tri-compound soil to perform compaction and reinforcement.
Further, a limiting slide bar 14 is arranged on one side wall 11 of the drainage heating section 13 and one side wall 11 of the drainage non-heating section 18, the limiting slide bar 14 and the drainage heating section 13 or the drainage non-heating section 18 are of an integrated structure, the axis of the limiting slide bar 14 is parallel to the axis of the drainage pipe 1, and the length of the limiting slide bar 14 is consistent with the length of the drainage heating section 13 or the drainage non-heating section 18; as shown in fig. 11, the limiting slide bar 14 comprises a vertical plate 141 and a connecting plate 142, the vertical plate 141 is vertically arranged with the connecting plate 142, the vertical plate 141 is connected with the drainage heating section 13 or the drainage non-heating section 18 through the connecting plate 142, the width of the vertical plate 141 is larger than the thickness of the connecting plate 142, and on the same cross section, the vertical plate 141 and the connecting plate 142 form a T-shaped structure; the pile section 21 is provided with a second chute 212 matched with the limit slide bar 14, the limit slide bar 14 can be inserted into the second chute 212 from the upper part of the pile section 21, and the limit slide bar 14 can play a limit role on the drain pipe 1; the two limiting sliding strips 14 are arranged, and on the same cross section, the two limiting sliding strips 14 are symmetrically arranged relative to a connecting line between the axis of the drain pipe 1 and the axis of the tubular pile body 2; as shown in fig. 10, the replaceable graphite powder lubrication blocks 16 are arranged on the outer wall of the limit slide bar 14 and in the second slide groove 212, and the graphite powder lubrication blocks 16 are used for lubricating the drain pipe 1 and the thick pile section 21, so that the drain pipe 1 is convenient to install and remove.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, a limiting block 131 is arranged at the upper end of the limiting slide bar 14, limiting grooves 132 matched with the limiting block 131 are arranged at the lower ends of other limiting slide bars 14 except the limiting slide bar 14 at the bottommost end of the drain pipe 1, the limiting block 131 of the limiting slide bar 14 positioned below can be inserted into the limiting groove 132 of the limiting slide bar 14 positioned above, and the depth of the limiting groove 132 is identical to the height of the limiting block 131 in size; as shown in fig. 7, 13 and 14, the limiting block 131 is provided with a first pin hole 133, the limiting slide bar 14, the opposite side wall 12 and one side wall 11 are all provided with a second pin hole 134, the limiting pin 135 can sequentially pass through the second pin hole 134 on the opposite side wall 12, the second pin hole 134 on one side wall 11, the first pin hole 133 of the limiting block 131 and the second pin hole 134 on the limiting slide bar 14 along the radial direction of the drain pipe 1, and the limiting pin 135 can connect and fix the limiting slide bar 14 on the adjacent drain heating section 13 and the limiting slide bar 14 on the drain non-heating section 18, so that the outer walls of different layers of the drain pipe 1 can be bonded to form a sealed whole.
Further, as shown in fig. 12, the upper end of the seal cap 17 is identical to the outer shape of the drain pipe 1, a seal rubber ring is provided between the seal cap 17 and the drain pipe 1, the seal rubber ring is provided on the contact surface of the seal cap 17 and the drain pipe 1, and the lower end of the seal cap 17 is nested with the drain pipe 1. The diameter of the suction pumping hole 171 is 40mm.
Further, the pile section 21 is provided with at least 3 sections, and the pile section 22 is provided with at least 2 sections; 1-2 rows of water filtering holes 15 are formed in the side wall 12 along the axial direction of the drain pipe 1, and the water filtering holes 15 in the same row are uniformly distributed in the side wall 12 along the axial direction of the drain pipe 1; a plurality of water filtering holes 15 are uniformly formed in a side wall 11 corresponding to each pile section 22 along the axial direction of the drain pipe 1, 1-2 rows of water filtering holes 15 are formed in one side wall 11 along the axial direction of the drain pipe 1, and the water filtering holes 15 in the same row are uniformly distributed in the side wall 11 along the axial direction of the drain pipe 1; the diameter of the water filtering holes 15 is 60mm, and the distance between two adjacent water filtering holes 15 is 300 mm-600 mm; the filter water hole 15 is internally provided with a reverse filter layer and a check valve, the reverse filter layer can prevent soil particles from entering the drain pipe 1 through the filter water hole 15 to cause the junction of the drain pipe 1 to be blocked, and the check valve can only enable free water in the soft foundation 3 to flow into the drain pipe 1, so that the drain pipe 1 is guaranteed to have a certain water storage function.
The invention also discloses a construction method for constructing the drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile by using the weak ground multi-layer section recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile, as shown in fig. 15, the construction method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, drilling and coring, namely dividing intervals: determining the stratum where the weak expansive soil of the pre-reinforced area is located and the overall stratum distribution condition, and dividing the weak expansive soil stratum 31 and the non-weak expansive soil stratum 32;
Step 2, determining pile distribution parameters: determining a plane arrangement scheme of the tubular pile body 2, the length of the tubular pile body 2, an alternating scheme of a plurality of coarse pile segments 21 and a plurality of fine pile segments 22, the length of each coarse pile segment 21 and the length of each fine pile segment 22 according to the layer segment division of the soft foundation 3;
step 3, preparing a tubular pile body, wherein the tubular pile body is poured by a reinforced concrete material by adopting a ground precast method, or a thin pile section is poured by a reinforced concrete material by adopting a ground precast method, and then the steel-made formed thick pile section and the poured thin pile section are combined to form the tubular pile body;
Step 4, pile assembly: combining a plurality of thick pile sections 21 and a plurality of thin pile sections 22 to form a pipe pile body 2, combining and installing a drain pipe 1 and the pipe pile body 2, and connecting and fixing adjacent drainage heating sections 13 and drainage non-heating sections 18 through limiting bolts 135, first bolt holes 133 and second bolt holes 134;
and 5, pile pressing: the whole of the drain pipe 1 and the tubular pile body 2 is pressed into a stratum in a static pressure mode at a preset pile pressing position;
Step 6, vacuumizing and draining: after the step 4 is completed, a sealing blank cap 17 is arranged at the upper end of the drain pipe 1, the vacuumizing equipment is communicated with the inside of the drain pipe 1 through an air suction water pumping hole 171 of the sealing blank cap 17, the drain pipe 1 is vacuumized, the vacuum degree is kept at-100 kPa, and the drain pipe 1 is continuously vacuumized to drain water, so that the discharge of free water in the soft foundation 3 is accelerated;
Step 7, extracting the recyclable drain pipe 1: and stopping vacuumizing after the vacuumizing drainage reaches the end standard, and pulling out the drain pipe 1. When the drainage amount is smaller than 0.5m 3/h, maintaining the drainage amount of the drainage 12h to be smaller than 0.5m 3/h, stopping drainage, pulling out the drainage pipe 1 after the drainage is completed, firstly pulling out one section of drainage pipe 1 (the drainage heating section 13 or the drainage non-heating section 18), removing the limiting plug 135, and then pulling out the second section of drainage pipe 1 (the drainage non-heating section 18 or the drainage heating section 13), so that the drainage pipe 1 is completely pulled out, and completing the recovery of the drainage pipe 1.
Step 8, draining and solidifying the soft foundation 3:
For the soft expansion soil stratum 31, calculating the lime powder square quantity according to the layer thickness of the soft expansion soil stratum 31, spraying lime powder into the soft expansion soil stratum 31 through a fixed hole formed by pulling out the drain pipe 1 through a pipeline, compacting, and accelerating the discharge of weakly bound water in the soft expansion soil stratum 31 by virtue of the exothermic heat of the lime powder and water reaction; the number of segments of the weakly expansive soil layer 31 is a, the area of the cross section of the fixing hole is B, the thickness of the weakly expansive soil layer 31 is h, and the square quantity of lime powder is S, s=a×b×h.
The main mechanism of heating the expansive soil by the quicklime is mainly divided into five parts of heating evaporation, ion exchange, solidification, gelation and crystallization. The heating and evaporating function refers to that hydration heat is generated by the action of lime powder and weak binding water in soil, and the water in the soil is promoted to be dissipated by thermal conduction. The ion exchange action means that under the action of water in the soil, lime powder is rapidly digested, ca 2+、Mg2+ replaces K+, na+ and other ions adsorbed by the expansive soil particles, the water-binding components of the soil sample are reduced, and the dispersibility, slump, hydrophilicity and expansibility of the expansive soil are reduced to form early strength. The solidification refers to the reaction of lime in water to generate CaCO 3 and MgCO 3 hard solid particles, which have higher strength and water stability, and the soil body forms lime stabilized soil due to the cementing effect of CaCO 3 on the soil body. The gel action means that the silica gel, the aluminum gel and the lime powder in the expansive soil further react to form hydrous calcium silicate and calcium aluminate, the two gels can harden in water environment, a stable protective film is formed on the periphery of the clay of the expansive soil, the adhesive force is strong, a reticular structure is formed, the soil strength is increased, and the long-term stability is maintained. The crystallization means that after lime is doped into the expansive soil, the solubility is small, most of the lime is separated out in the form of calcium hydroxide crystal water except for ion exchange and carbonation, and the strength and the water stability of the expansive soil are further improved.
For the non-weak expansive soil layer 32, the tri-earth is filled and compacted in layers by utilizing the fixing holes formed by pulling out the drain pipe 1.
Further, lime powder is filled in the weak expansive soil layer 31, and the tri-clay is filled in the non-weak expansive soil layer 32; the three-in-one soil is prepared by uniformly mixing lime powder, clay and sand serving as raw materials with water, wherein the volume ratio of the lime powder to the clay to the sand is 3:2:1; the lime powder is one of quicklime powder and slaked lime powder.
The lime powder and the water in the soil react and then expand to increase the friction force between the tubular pile body 2 and the soil body, the thick pile section 21 of the special-shaped tubular pile body 2 increases the contact area between the tubular pile body 2 and the soil body, the bearing capacity and the pulling resistance of the special-shaped tubular pile are greatly improved, and the construction method can rapidly drain and solidify the soft foundation 3 and has important significance for improving the foundation bearing capacity of the soft expanded soil area.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
1. By utilizing the special-shaped pipe pile for construction, free water in the soft foundation 3 can be rapidly discharged, weak bound water in the soft foundation 3 can be further discharged, the bearing capacity of the foundation is improved, and the soil body strength is increased. The problems of difficult foundation treatment and drainage, long drainage consolidation period, weak foundation bearing capacity and large consolidation settlement in soft expansive soil areas are solved, meanwhile, the friction force of the tubular pile body 2 is also improved, and the recoverability of the drainage pipe 1 can greatly save the engineering cost and improve the economic benefit.
2. By utilizing the special-shaped pipe pile for construction, the drainage consolidation of soil around the pipe pile body 2 can be accelerated, free water around the pipe pile body 2 is drained through the drain pipe, weak binding water of the soil around the pipe pile body 2 is further drained through lime powder heating drainage, the soil is consolidated, and the bearing capacity of a pile foundation is improved and the friction force between the pipe pile body 2 and the soil is enhanced through filling and compacting the triplet soil at the layer of the non-weak expansion soil stratum 32. The surface area of the tubular pile body 2 in contact with soil is increased through the mode that the thin pile sections 22 and the thick pile sections 21 are alternately arranged on the prefabricated concrete tubular pile body 2, so that the special-shaped tubular pile has a larger specific surface area, the friction between the pile body of the special-shaped tubular pile and the soil around the special-shaped tubular pile is effectively enhanced, and the special-shaped tubular pile has more excellent axial tensile resistance and pulling resistance.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method for constructing the recyclable drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the weak ground multiple layers of sections is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, drilling and coring, namely dividing intervals: determining the stratum where the weak expansive soil of the pre-reinforced area is located and the overall stratum distribution condition, and dividing the weak expansive soil stratum and the non-weak expansive soil stratum;
Step 2, determining pile distribution parameters: determining a plane arrangement scheme of the tubular pile body, the length of the tubular pile body, an alternating scheme of a plurality of thick pile sections and a plurality of thin pile sections, the length of each thick pile section and the length of each thin pile section according to layer section division of the soft foundation;
Step3, preparing a tubular pile body;
Step 4, pile assembly: the drain pipe and the tubular pile body are assembled and installed;
And 5, pile pressing: the whole of the drain pipe and the pipe pile body is pressed into the stratum in a static pressure mode at a preset pile pressing position;
Step 6, vacuumizing and draining: after the step 5 is completed, a sealing blank cap is arranged at the upper end of the drain pipe, the vacuumizing equipment is communicated with the inside of the drain pipe through an air suction pumping hole of the sealing blank cap, the drain pipe is vacuumized, the vacuum degree is kept at-100 kPa, and the drain pipe is continuously vacuumized to drain water, so that the drainage of free water in a soft foundation is accelerated;
Step 7, extracting the recyclable drain pipe: stopping vacuumizing after vacuumizing drainage reaches the end standard, and pulling out the drainage pipe;
Step 8, soft foundation drainage consolidation:
the weak ground multi-layer section recyclable water drainage-heating special-shaped pipe pile comprises a pipe pile body and a water drainage pipe, wherein,
The tubular pile body is vertically arranged in the soft foundation;
the drainage pipes are arranged at the periphery of the tubular pile body;
the drain pipe is formed by connecting a side wall and a side wall;
a side wall of the drain pipe is connected with the outer wall of the tubular pile body;
the drain pipe is provided with a water filtering hole;
the lower end of the drain pipe is sealed, the upper end of the drain pipe is covered with a sealing cover, the sealing cover is provided with an air and water pumping hole,
The soft foundation comprises a plurality of sections of soft expansion soil stratum, and the stratum between the two sections of soft expansion soil stratum is a non-soft expansion soil stratum;
the drainage pipe comprises a plurality of sections of drainage heating sections and a plurality of sections of drainage non-heating sections, wherein the sections of drainage heating sections and the sections of drainage non-heating sections are alternately connected, the drainage heating sections are positioned in the soft expansion soil layer, the drainage non-heating sections are positioned in the non-soft expansion soil layer, the axial length of the drainage heating sections is consistent with the thickness of the corresponding soft expansion soil layer, and the axial length of the drainage non-heating sections is consistent with the thickness of the corresponding non-soft expansion soil layer;
the weak expansive soil layer reinforcement comprises two stages:
The first stage is a vacuumizing and draining stage, and the draining heating section drains free water;
The second stage is a lime hydration heat drainage reinforcement stage, after the first stage is finished, the drainage heating section is dismantled, lime powder is filled in the layer of the weak expansion soil stratum, and weak binding water is discharged through lime powder hydration heat;
the non-weak expansive soil formation reinforcement comprises two stages:
the first stage is a vacuumizing drainage stage, and the drainage non-heating section drains free water;
And the second stage is a tri-compound soil compaction and reinforcement stage, after the first stage is finished, the drainage non-heating section is removed, tri-compound soil is filled in the layer position of the non-weak expansion soil stratum, and the peripheral non-weak expansion soil stratum is compacted by the tri-compound soil to perform compaction and reinforcement.
2. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 1, which is characterized in that,
The tubular pile body comprises a plurality of thick pile sections and a plurality of thin pile sections, wherein the outer diameter D 1 of the thick pile sections is larger than the outer diameter D 2 of the thin pile sections, and the thick pile sections and the thin pile sections are alternately arranged from top to bottom;
the pipe pile body is formed by casting reinforced concrete materials at one time by adopting a ground precast method,
Or the thin pile section is formed by casting reinforced concrete materials at one time by adopting a ground precast method, the thick pile section is made of steel, and the pipe pile body is formed by combining a plurality of thick pile sections and a plurality of thin pile sections;
The pile sections sequentially comprise a first section, a second section, a third section … … and an nth section from top to bottom, the top surface of the pile section of the first section is flush with the ground surface, and the top surfaces of the pile sections except the first section are flush with the surface of the weak expansive soil stratum or the surface of the non-weak expansive soil stratum;
the outer diameter D 1 of the pile section is 300-1000 mm, and the axial length M 1 is 10-30 cm;
The axial length of the pile section is M 2,M2≤10M1.
3. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 2, which is characterized in that,
The axis of the drain pipe is parallel to the axis of the tubular pile body, the upper end of the drain pipe is flush with the upper end of the tubular pile body, the lower end of the drain pipe is flush with the lower end of the tubular pile body, and the drain pipe is penetrated along the whole axial length of the tubular pile body;
the plurality of drain pipes are uniformly arranged around the tubular pile body;
The side walls are arranged opposite to the side walls;
the cross section of the pair of side walls is arc-shaped, the diameter of the cross section of the pair of side walls is consistent with the outer diameter D 1 of the pile section, a first sliding groove matched with the side wall is arranged on the outer wall of the pile section, and the cross section of the whole formed by the drain pipe and the pile section is circular;
The difference between the outer diameter D 1 of the thick pile section and the outer diameter D 2 of the thin pile section is H, and the maximum radial depth of the first sliding groove is H, wherein H-H is less than 20mm.
4. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 2, which is characterized in that,
Four to six water draining pipes are arranged.
5. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 4, which is characterized in that,
A limiting slide bar is arranged on one side wall of the drainage heating section and one side wall of the drainage non-heating section, the axis of the limiting slide bar is parallel to the axis of the drainage pipe, and the length of the limiting slide bar is consistent with the length of the drainage heating section or the drainage non-heating section;
The limiting slide bar comprises a vertical plate and a connecting plate, wherein the vertical plate is vertically arranged with the connecting plate, the vertical plate is connected with the drainage heating section or the drainage non-heating section through the connecting plate, the width of the vertical plate is larger than the thickness of the connecting plate, and the vertical plate and the connecting plate form a T-shaped structure on the same cross section;
the pile section is provided with a second chute matched with the limit sliding bar, and the limit sliding bar can be inserted into the second chute from the upper part of the pile section;
Two limit sliding strips are arranged;
graphite powder lubricating blocks are arranged on the outer wall of the limiting slide bar and in the second slide groove.
6. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 5, which is characterized in that,
The upper end of the limiting slide bar is provided with a limiting block, the lower end of the limiting slide bar is provided with a limiting groove matched with the limiting block, the limiting block of the limiting slide bar positioned below can be inserted into the limiting groove of the limiting slide bar positioned above, and the depth of the limiting groove is consistent with the height of the limiting block;
The limiting block is provided with a first bolt hole, and the limiting slide bar, the pair of side walls and the side wall are all provided with a second bolt hole;
The limiting bolt can sequentially pass through the second bolt hole on the pair of side walls, the second bolt hole on the side wall, the first bolt hole of the limiting block and the second bolt hole on the limiting slide bar, and the limiting bolt can connect adjacent between the limiting slide bar on the drainage heating section and the limiting slide bar on the drainage non-heating section.
7. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 1, which is characterized in that,
The upper end of the sealing cover is consistent with the shape of the drain pipe, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the sealing cover and the drain pipe, and the lower end of the sealing cover is mutually nested with the drain pipe.
8. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 2, which is characterized in that,
The pile section is at least provided with 3 sections, and the pile section is at least provided with 2 sections;
1-2 rows of water filtering holes are formed in the pair of side walls along the axial direction of the water drainage pipe;
A plurality of water filtering holes are uniformly formed in the side wall corresponding to each pile section along the axial direction of the drain pipe, and 1-2 rows of water filtering holes are formed in the side wall along the axial direction of the drain pipe;
The diameter of each water filtering hole is 60mm, and the distance between two adjacent water filtering holes is 300-600 mm;
And a reverse filtering layer and a check valve are arranged in the water filtering hole.
9. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 1, which is characterized in that,
For the soft expansive soil stratum, calculating the square quantity of lime powder according to the layer thickness of the soft expansive soil stratum, spraying the lime powder into the soft expansive soil stratum through a fixing hole formed by a pipeline through a drain pipe, compacting, and accelerating the discharge of weakly bound water in the soft expansive soil stratum by means of exothermic heat of the lime powder and water reaction;
For the non-weak expansion soil stratum, the fixing holes formed by the drain pipes are filled with the tri-compound soil in a layered mode and compacted.
10. The construction method for constructing the special-shaped pipe pile by utilizing the recyclable drainage-heating pipe pile with the weak ground-based multi-layer section according to claim 1, which is characterized in that,
The lime powder is filled in a weak expansive soil stratum, and the tri-clay is filled in a non-weak expansive soil stratum;
The tri-clay is prepared by uniformly mixing lime powder, clay and sand serving as raw materials with water, wherein the volume ratio of the lime powder to the clay to the sand is 3:2:1;
The lime powder is one of quicklime powder or slaked lime powder,
In the step 7, after the drainage amount is smaller than 0.5m 3/h, maintaining the drainage amount of the drainage for 12h to be smaller than 0.5m 3/h, and stopping drainage;
in the step 8, the number of segments of the soft expansive soil layer is a, the area of the cross section of the fixing hole is B, the thickness of the soft expansive soil layer is h, and the square quantity of lime powder is S, wherein s=a×b×h.
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