CN117798785B - High-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device and method with force position compound control - Google Patents
High-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device and method with force position compound control Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses a high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device and method with force position compound control, comprising a mechanical execution system and an electrical control system for controlling the mechanical execution system, wherein the mechanical execution system comprises a machine tool body, the machine tool body comprises a machine tool seat, one side of the upper end surface of the machine tool seat is vertically provided with a U-shaped machine tool frame, the machine tool seat is provided with a workpiece movement mechanism capable of sliding along the X-axis direction, the machine tool frame is provided with a tool movement mechanism capable of sliding along the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, the tool movement mechanism is positioned above the workpiece movement mechanism, and a ball head polishing tool and an abrasive belt polishing tool are arranged on the tool movement mechanism. The device can realize accurate automatic control of the workpiece position, the polishing tool position and the polishing force of the polishing tool, and the combined force position composite control can realize automatic processing of the curved surface of the high-temperature blade runner, so that the manual polishing procedure can be completely canceled, the blade consistency is improved, and the reliability of engine products is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloy blade processing, in particular to a high-temperature blade runner curved surface processing device and method with force position compound control.
Background
The high-temperature alloy blade is generally used for a turbine part of an aeroengine and a gas turbine, generally works in a high-temperature environment of more than 1000 ℃, the high-temperature mechanical property of the high-temperature alloy blade determines the power output capacity of the engine, the flow passage profile precision of the high-temperature alloy blade determines the mechanical efficiency of the engine, and the high-temperature blade, a combustion chamber and a containing casing form a core machine of the aeroengine and the gas turbine, so that the high-temperature alloy blade is generally said to be: a new generation of power machine is distinguished according to the level difference of the core machine. Thus, the manufacturing level of high temperature blades represents the state of the art of aeroengines and gas turbines.
The metal material used for the superalloy blade is generally nickel-based alloy, and investment casting precision molding is adopted. As the technical requirements on the material organization property are strict, the casting yield is not high, and the dimensional accuracy of the cast blade runner is generally 0.15-0.3 mm. For the high-temperature blade finished product, the dimensional accuracy is generally required to be 0.05-0.2 mm. Therefore, the cast and molded blade needs to be processed on the surface of the flow channel to meet the technical requirements.
In view of the high-strength material property of the high-temperature blade, a common five-axis machining center cannot be adopted for milling, the high cutter consumption makes the blade cost high enough to be unusable, and the runner machining can only adopt a grinding mode.
At present, most of runner processing of the high-temperature alloy blade is still carried out by adopting a manual grinding and polishing mode, the runner processing is repeatedly compared with a template during the process, repeated grinding is carried out by observing the coincidence degree of the section of the blade and the contour of the template, the production efficiency is low, the size deviation is large, and the damage of grinding dust to workers is large.
Along with the development of the numerical control machine tool technology, domestic and foreign blade manufacturing enterprises adopt a numerical control machine tool or a joint robot to process a runner, and the period is typically represented as follows:
The method is characterized in that a Beihang University technology-based Shandong Tianzhou precision mechanical limited company performs array grinding, a CBN abrasive is embedded into the surface of soft rubber or polyurethane to form a small-diameter finger-shaped or T-shaped tool, and a five-axis linkage machine tool with a 4 spindle or an 8 spindle is adopted to process a blade runner in a five-axis linkage mode at intervals of 0.2mm with very fine steps. The scheme can realize the grinding of part of small blade runners, but the processing efficiency is very low. And because the cutter shaft can only swing along the length direction of the blade, the blade with the blade crown part cannot be processed. The embedded abrasive has the thickness of about 0.05mm, the durability is poor, the abrasive cost of the grinding tool is high, and the embedded abrasive is only used for the test processing of partial products at present. The processing process of the scheme is in a position control mode, 4 or 8 array workpiece positions are difficult to adjust to be consistent in size, and the scheme is not suitable for processing high-temperature blades positioned on a blank surface.
And (3) carrying out integrated machining on the Canadian AV & R company robots, clamping the blades by adopting six-joint manipulators, respectively grinding and polishing blade runner curved surfaces on a peripheral grinder and a belt grinder by adopting different tools, measuring by a measuring device after each grinding to determine the allowance, and carrying out iterative machining. The scheme is based on the measurement value of the blade allowance, and can well finish the processing of the blade runner, but as the primary development is aimed at the front and rear edge processing of the precisely-forged blade, the large-allowance processing effect on the blade root part is poor, and the method is mainly used for polishing the milled compressor blade and is not used in the processing of the high-temperature blade runner. The scheme is force control mode processing, depends on detection and model reconstruction, has certain influence on measurement accuracy due to low robot positioning accuracy, and has low iterative processing efficiency due to repeated measurement.
The scheme adopts an abrasive belt grinding mode, six-axis linkage grinding and polishing flow channels, and under the control of contact pressure, the grinding and polishing of the profile of the blade and the front edge and the rear edge can be completed. However, due to the influence of the width and the diameter of the contact wheel, a single abrasive belt grinding tool can not substantially finish the grinding of a blade root fillet and a blade root plate with R < 3mm, and the grinding and polishing requirements of high-temperature blades can not be met. The machine tool abrasive belt grinding adopts a force control mode for processing, and the processing with controllable precision cannot be realized.
Beijing is carry forward technical numerical control abrasive belt grinding machine, and this scheme has disposed two sets of abrasive belt grinding device and emery wheel grinding device, can accomplish blade profile and front and back edge grinding and polishing with abrasive belt grinding to the emery wheel device carries out blade root fillet and marginal board polishing, because both devices have adopted the pressure control grinding polishing of floating, this scheme still can not carry out effective processing to the big surplus of blade root fillet and marginal board. The machine tool abrasive belt grinding adopts a force control mode for processing, and the processing with controllable precision cannot be realized.
As mentioned above, for the processing of the high-temperature alloy blade runner, the problems and disadvantages existing in the prior art are mainly:
The existing scheme can not completely realize all requirements of high-temperature blade runner processing, the high-temperature alloy blade runner processing not only needs a small-diameter tool to carry out large-allowance hard removal of round corners and edge plate parts, but also needs a high-efficiency grinding and polishing tool to carry out small-allowance grinding and polishing on the molded surface and front and rear edge parts, and a single tool configuration scheme lacks of applicability coverage of full characteristics of the molded surface of the blade.
The existing multi-tool scheme can have countermeasures on the processing adaptability of curved surface characteristics, but the processing efficiency is low, and the processing economical requirement of the high-temperature blade runner is difficult to meet.
In the above scheme, although there are embodiments of the multi-tool system, the multi-tool system is processed in either a force control mode or a position control mode, and is not applicable to high-temperature blades requiring both large-margin removal and small-margin polishing, and manual grinding is also required, so that the automation degree of the equipment is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-temperature blade runner curved surface processing device and method with force position compound control, which can solve the problems.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
The utility model provides a high temperature blade runner curved surface processingequipment with power position composite control, includes mechanical actuating system and control mechanical actuating system's electrical control system, mechanical actuating system includes the lathe bed, the lathe bed includes the lathe bed, one side of lathe bed up end is equipped with the lathe bed of U type perpendicularly, be equipped with the work piece motion that can slide along X axis direction on the lathe bed, be equipped with the tool motion that can slide along Y axis, Z axis direction on the lathe bed, the tool motion is located the top of work piece motion, install bulb grinding tool and abrasive band instrument on the tool motion, the work piece motion includes first rotating member that can revolve around the Y axis, second rotating member that can revolve around the Z axis, third rotating member that can revolve around the X axis, electrical control system includes control work piece position control module, the control of tool motion's tool position control module and the control module of control grinding tool polishing dynamics.
Further, the machine tool seat is connected with a workpiece seat plate in a sliding manner, the workpiece seat plate is driven by a driving mechanism four, the front side of the upper end face of the workpiece seat plate is fixedly connected with the workpiece movement mechanism, the rear side of the upper end face of the workpiece seat plate is fixedly connected with the tool magazine mechanism, and the rear side end of the workpiece seat plate penetrates through the avoidance opening of the lower side of the machine tool frame.
Further, the tool magazine mechanism comprises a tool magazine seat, a rotatable electric control cutter disc is arranged at the upper end of the tool magazine seat, and a plurality of types of ball head cutters are arranged on the electric control cutter disc.
Further, the tool motion mechanism comprises a first tool seat plate capable of sliding along the Y-axis direction, a second tool seat plate capable of sliding along the Z-axis direction and a third tool seat plate capable of sliding along the Z-axis direction, wherein the first tool seat plate is slidably connected to the sliding rail of the machine tool frame and driven by a first driving mechanism, the second tool seat plate is slidably connected to the sliding rail of the first tool seat plate and driven by a second driving mechanism, and the third tool seat plate is slidably connected to the sliding rail of the second tool seat plate and driven by a third driving mechanism.
Further, the second tool seat plate is provided with the ball head polishing tool, the ball head polishing tool comprises a plurality of electric spindles controlled by the electric control system, the third tool seat plate is provided with the abrasive belt polishing tool, the abrasive belt polishing tool comprises abrasive belt polishing mechanisms which are the same in number as the electric spindles and controlled by the electric control system, the abrasive belt polishing mechanisms comprise abrasive belts and driving wheel sets for driving the abrasive belts, polishing parts of the abrasive belts are connected with contact wheels, and the contact wheels are connected with floating units through adjustable rods.
Further, the floating unit is including installing in the safety cover on the third tool saddle medial surface, be equipped with in the safety cover and pass through the low friction cylinder of electric control system control, the drive shaft of low friction cylinder is connected with the guide bar, the one end of guide bar is passed through guiding component and is stretched out the safety cover, the end of guide bar passes through the connecting block and connects adjustable pole, guiding component including connect in the sealed guide bar cover of safety cover, connect in sealed guide bar cover with scalable rubber sheath between the connecting block, be equipped with a long adjustable hole on the adjustable pole, adjusting screw passes adjustable hole connects the connecting block, be equipped with pressure sensor between the drive shaft of low friction cylinder with the guide bar.
Further, the front side fixedly connected with work piece seat of up end of work piece bedplate, the last rotation of work piece seat is connected with first rotating member, first rotating member is U type structure and through five drives of actuating mechanism, rotate on the first rotating member and connect a plurality of second rotating member, the quantity of second rotating member with the quantity of electricity main shaft is the same, the second rotating member is L type structure and through six drives of actuating mechanism, the one end rotation of second rotating member is connected with the third rotating member, and the other end sliding connection has a vice work piece support, the third rotating member is through seven drives of actuating mechanism, be equipped with blade anchor clamps on the third rotating member.
Further, the axis of the first rotating member driving shaft, the axis of the second rotating member driving shaft and the axis of the third rotating member driving shaft intersect at a point; the center distances of the adjacent two motorized spindles, the center distances of the adjacent two contact wheels and the center distances of the adjacent two third rotating member driving shafts are equal to each other.
Further, a water tank is arranged at the rear side of the machine tool seat, the water tank is connected with a water delivery pipe, and one end of the water delivery pipe extends to the workpiece movement mechanism.
A high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining method clamps a high-temperature alloy blade on a blade clamp, inputs the type of the high-temperature alloy blade in an electrical control system, selects a corresponding machining mode, and controls a mechanical execution system to automatically machine the full-type surface of the high-temperature alloy blade runner, and specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, polishing a blade mounting edge plate: the electric control system controls the electric spindle to select a proper ball head cutter, the electric spindle rotates at a high speed to drive a ball head cutter to abrade, the electric control system controls the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism to move, so that the ball head cutter reaches a set edge plate cutter position, point contact grinding is performed in a blade mounting edge plate area according to grinding movement set by a program, and the allowance at the blade mounting edge plate is removed;
s2, polishing a blade root fillet transition zone: the electric control system controls the electric spindle to select a proper ball head cutter, the electric spindle rotates at a high speed to drive a ball head cutter to abrade, the electric control system controls the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism to move, so that the ball head cutter reaches a set blade root cutter position, point contact grinding is performed in a blade root fillet transition zone according to grinding movement set by a program, and the allowance at the blade root fillet transition zone is removed;
s3, grinding and polishing the blade body: the abrasive belt is driven by a motor to rotate at a high speed, the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism are controlled by the electric control system to move, so that an abrasive belt polishing part on the contact wheel reaches a set blade body knife position point, line contact grinding is carried out in a blade body area according to polishing movement set by a program, and the allowance of the blade body is removed;
S4, polishing front and rear edges: the abrasive belt is driven by a motor to rotate at a high speed, the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism are controlled by the electric control system to move, so that an abrasive belt polishing part on the contact wheel reaches a set front edge and rear edge tool position point, line contact grinding is carried out in a front edge area and a rear edge area according to polishing movement set by a program, and the allowance at the front edge and the rear edge is removed;
S5, polishing by a damping table: the electric control system controls the electric spindle to select a proper ball head cutter, the electric spindle rotates at a high speed to drive the ball head cutter to abrade, the electric control system controls the workpiece moving mechanism and the tool moving mechanism to move, so that the ball head cutter reaches a set damping table cutter position, point contact grinding is performed in the damping table region according to grinding movement set by a program, and the allowance at the damping table is removed.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the device can realize accurate automatic control of the workpiece position, the polishing tool position and the polishing force of the polishing tool, and the combined force position composite control can realize automatic processing of the curved surface of the high-temperature blade runner, so that the manual polishing procedure can be completely canceled, the blade consistency is improved, and the reliability of engine products is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high temperature blade runner curved surface processing device with force position compound control according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tool motion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of the front of a tool motion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a floating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a workpiece motion mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the intersection of the axis of a first rotary member drive shaft, the axis of a second rotary member drive shaft, and the axis of a third rotary member drive shaft in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a belt sanding section on a contact wheel sanding superalloy blades in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a lapping and polishing configuration of a blade mounting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a root fillet transition zone lapping and polishing configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a blade body sanding finish according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the front and rear edge sanding polishing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a structure of a damping platen polishing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. A machine tool seat; 110. a workpiece seat plate; 200. a machine frame; 310. a tool magazine seat; 320. an electric control cutterhead; 330. a ball head cutter; 410. a first tool base plate; 420. a second tool base plate; 421. an electric spindle; 430. a third tool base plate; 431. abrasive belt; 432. a driving wheel group; 433. a contact wheel; 440. a floating unit; 441. a protective cover; 442. a low friction cylinder; 443. a connecting block; 444, sealing the guide rod sleeve; 445. a retractable rubber sheath; 446. a pressure sensor; 447. a position feedback module; 510. a first rotating member; 520. a second rotating member; 530. a third rotating member; 540. a workpiece seat; 550. a secondary workpiece support; 600. a water tank; 700. superalloy blades.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-12, the invention discloses a high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device with force position compound control, which comprises a mechanical execution system and an electrical control system for controlling the mechanical execution system, wherein the mechanical execution system is responsible for executing the whole polishing action on the whole molded surface of a high-temperature alloy blade runner, the electrical control system controls the correction execution process, the mechanical execution system comprises a machine tool body, the machine tool body comprises a machine tool seat 100, one side of the upper end surface of the machine tool seat 100 is vertically provided with a U-shaped machine tool frame 200, the machine tool seat 100 is provided with a workpiece motion mechanism capable of sliding along the X-axis direction, the machine tool frame 200 is provided with a tool motion mechanism capable of sliding along the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, the automatic precise control on the workpiece motion position is realized through a workpiece position control module, the automatic precise control on the polishing workpiece position is realized through a polishing control module, and the polishing force control on the polishing tool (such as the selection control on a ball polishing model tool and the control on a floating unit of the abrasive belt tool) is realized through the polishing control module.
The tool motion mechanism comprises a first tool seat board 410, a second tool seat board 420 and a third tool seat board 430, wherein a ball head polishing tool is arranged on the second tool seat board 420, an abrasive belt polishing tool is arranged on the third tool seat board 430, the first tool seat board 410 can slide on a sliding rail of the machine tool frame 200 in the Y-axis direction, the second tool seat board 420 can slide on a sliding rail of the first tool seat board 410 in the Z-axis direction, and the third tool seat board 430 can slide on a sliding rail of the second tool seat board 420 in the Z-axis direction, namely, the ball head polishing tool and the abrasive belt polishing tool can slide on the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The ball head polishing tool and the abrasive belt polishing tool are respectively arranged on the two tool seat boards for respective control, because the ball head polishing tool and the abrasive belt polishing tool work separately, when one tool works, the other tool needs to avoid, and the ball head polishing tool and the abrasive belt polishing tool specifically are as follows: when the abrasive belt polishing tool is in a non-working state, the contact wheel 433 is lifted to the upper part of the electric spindle 421 by about 200mm so as to avoid the abrasive belt polishing tool from interfering with the working area of the electric spindle; when the abrasive belt polishing tool works, the contact wheel 433 descends to about 200mm below the electric spindle 421, and the ball head cutter 330 on the electric spindle 421 is still in the tool magazine, and the electric spindle is free from interfering with the working area of the abrasive belt device.
The workpiece motion mechanism comprises a first rotating member 510, a second rotating member 520 and a third rotating member 530, wherein the first rotating member 510 is driven to rotate by a B rotating shaft, the second rotating member 520 is driven to rotate by a C rotating shaft, the third rotating member 530 is driven to rotate by an A rotating shaft, when the workpiece motion mechanism is in a non-working initial state, the B rotating shaft is parallel to the Y axis, the C rotating shaft is parallel to the Z axis, the A rotating shaft is parallel to the X axis, and the third rotating member 530 is rotationally connected to the second rotating member 520 due to the fact that the second rotating member 520 is rotationally connected to the first rotating member 510, then the superalloy blade 700 clamped on the third rotating member 530 can realize three axial rotating motions by an A rotating shaft, a B rotating shaft and a C rotating shaft, and the whole workpiece motion mechanism is fixedly connected to a workpiece seat 540, and the workpiece seat 540 can slide along the X axis in a slide rail on the machine tool seat 100, namely, the superalloy blade 700 clamped on the third rotating member 530 can move along the X axis (the blade length direction is the X direction, the blade width direction is the Y direction, and the blade thickness direction is the Z direction).
To sum up: the mechanical execution system is a six-axis linkage processing system, is provided with X, Y, Z linear motion servo shafts and A, B, C three rotary swing servo shafts, and during processing, the linear motion shafts in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction complete the position control of a grinding contact wheel reaching a cutter point, the rotary swing shaft A, B complete the attitude control of the normal vector of the grinding contact wheel axis and the blade curved surface cutter point, and the C-axis complete the attitude control of the contact wheel and the blade curved surface cutter point tangent vector so as to avoid the local interference of the contour of the contact wheel and an inward concave curved surface. The six coordinate axes are in one-to-one correspondence with the speed ring and the position ring at any point in space according to a strict functional relation, and the six axes are processed in a linkage way. The N axis of the pressure control shaft is related to the normal allowance control of the grinding cutter sites, constant pressure/variable pressure grinding of the related cutter sites can be realized through programming control, the N axis has a corresponding relation with the normal allowance, and no strict functional relation exists between the N axis and other six axes. The first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism, the third driving mechanism and the fourth driving mechanism can all adopt ball screw transmission mechanisms, the fifth driving mechanism, the sixth driving mechanism and the seventh driving mechanism comprise motors and speed reducers, namely, the A rotating shaft, the B rotating shaft and the C rotating shaft are all motors to drive the speed reducers to do rotary motion, and other driving mechanisms (the driving mechanisms are all controlled by an electric control system) can also be adopted.
Embodiment one:
As shown in fig. 1, the machining device of the application is provided with two groups of ball grinding tools, two groups of abrasive belt grinding tools and two groups of third rotating members 530 (one end of the second rotating member 520 is rotationally connected with the third rotating member 530, the other end is slidingly connected with the auxiliary workpiece support 550, and the third rotating member 530 is provided with a blade clamp for clamping high-temperature alloy blades, and for some specific types of high-temperature alloy blades, the auxiliary workpiece support 550550 is used for auxiliary fixing), two groups of high-temperature alloy blades (two stations) can be machined simultaneously, and the blades of two stations with a certain distance are synchronous in position ring and speed ring in real time through mechanical structure and mechanism design, and the distances between two grinding tools with the same size and the stations of the blades to be ground are the same. Thus, the two blade stations can adopt the same post parameters in multi-axis linkage programming, and two identical blades can be machined simultaneously only by polishing tools with the same length and diameter. That is, in the present application, if the center distance between two adjacent electric spindles 421 is D1, the center distance between two adjacent contact wheels 433 is D2, and the center distance between the drive shafts of two third rotating members 530 is D3, d1=d2=d3 exists. In the application, the workpiece moving mechanism and the tool moving mechanism are of separate structures, the workpiece is in rotary swing motion, the tool is only in linear motion, and multiple sets or multiple tools can be arranged in parallel, so that the simultaneous processing of multiple workpieces, such as 3 stations, 4 stations and even multiple stations, can be realized, and the processing efficiency can be improved through the simultaneous processing of multiple stations.
Embodiment two:
In the application, when multi-axis linkage processing is adopted, due to the influence of errors of the rotating shafts, displacement deviation of positions with different distances from the center of the rotating shafts is different, and the deviation is further amplified by superposition of two or more rotating shafts. As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment adopts a rotary shaft layout structure in which the axes of the rotary shafts a, B, and C intersect at a point, to minimize the deviation. At the same time, the additional movement of the linear shaft due to the swivel axis is also minimal.
Embodiment III:
According to the application, a high-speed motorized spindle capable of automatically changing a cutter is adopted, a rigid ball head or a finger-shaped grinding wheel is clamped, and according to a precise position control mode, X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, A-axis and B-axis linkage processing is adopted to realize the large allowance removal of the blade root fillet and the edge plate part, a large allowance high point area on a blade body can be additionally modified if necessary, a grinding tool with certain flexibility is adopted to polish the blade root fillet and the motorized spindle after the cutter is changed, and abrasive materials with different granularity can be adopted to meet the requirements of the blade root fillet and the edge plate part on the smoothness if necessary. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, by the preset control of the electric control system, the electric control cutterhead 320 is controlled to rotate by a certain angle, so that the required ball head cutter 330 is turned to a designated change point, the spindle taper hole on the electric spindle 421 is loosened under the action of electric control, the electric spindle 421 moves and sleeves the required ball head cutter 330, and then the required ball head cutter 330 is locked under the action of electric control.
Embodiment four:
The abrasive belt device generally adopts a constant pressure force control mode, the contact force is required to be not more than 0.3N-0.5N for the thinner region of the blade edge, in order to realize accurate force control, the application adopts a floating unit 440, as shown in fig. 4, the floating unit 440 adopts a low friction air cylinder 442, a guide rod connected with the floating unit is led out of a protective cover 441 through a sealing guide rod sleeve 444 for connecting a contact wheel 433, the sealing guide rod sleeve 444 not only plays a guiding role but also seals the protective cover 441, the force control is prevented from being influenced by friction force caused by oil water and dust pollution, a telescopic rubber sheath 445 between the sealing guide rod sleeve 444 and a connecting block 443 is used for protecting the extending guide rod, and the force control is prevented from being increased by friction force caused by oil water and dust pollution. In addition, a position feedback module 447 is provided in the protective cover 441, which includes a magnetic grating or grating ruler provided at the floating end and the fixed end, and feeds back the displacement change while precisely controlling the force, so as to realize the force-position composite control.
Fifth embodiment:
The higher the surface finish, the better the blade flowpath portion is due to the high velocity air flow therethrough, thereby requiring different tooling for different contoured surface portions. According to the characteristics, the device is generally divided into a plurality of parts including a mounting flange plate (blade root and blade crown), a flange plate and blade body transition zone fillet, a blade body, front and rear edges (air inlet and outlet edges) and a damping platform (if any).
According to the application, a ball head polishing tool is arranged on the second tool seat plate 420, an abrasive belt polishing tool is arranged on the third tool seat plate 430, polishing of a blade mounting edge plate, a blade root fillet transition area and a damping table is realized through linkage of the ball head polishing tool and an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis and a B axis, and polishing of a blade body, a front edge and a rear edge is realized through linkage of the abrasive belt polishing tool and the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis, the A axis, the B axis and the C axis.
The specific process is as follows:
Blade installation edge plate polishing, as shown in fig. 8, the motorized spindle 421 rotates at a high speed to drive the ball head cutter 330 to grind, and the grinding tool reaches an accurate cutter position point (position control) through the movement of each movement axis of the machine tool, so that the edge plate is subjected to point contact grinding, the allowance is removed, and the curved surface characteristics of the edge plate are machined through multi-axis linkage of the machine tool. Grinding materials with different granularity are adopted according to the allowance condition and the requirements of the finish degree, and rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing are distinguished as required.
The blade root fillet transition zone is polished, as shown in fig. 9, and the working principle is the same as that of the blade mounting flange plate.
As shown in fig. 10, the abrasive belt 431 is driven by a motor to rotate at a high speed, and the abrasive belt grinding part on the contact wheel 433 is enabled to reach an accurate cutter position point (position control), line contact grinding is performed, the cutter shaft direction (cutting vector) of the contact wheel is controlled, meanwhile, the contact pressure (force position composite control) of the contact wheel and the blade is controlled, and six axes of the machine tool are linked for machining.
The front and rear edges (air inlet and outlet edges) are polished, as shown in fig. 11, and the working principle is the same as that of the blade body.
The damping table is polished, as shown in fig. 12, and the working principle of the damping table is the same as that of the blade mounting flange plate.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device with the force position compound control comprises a mechanical execution system and an electrical control system for controlling the mechanical execution system, and is characterized in that the mechanical execution system comprises a machine tool body, the machine tool body comprises a machine tool seat (100), a U-shaped machine tool frame (200) is vertically arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the machine tool seat (100), a workpiece moving mechanism capable of sliding along the X-axis direction is arranged on the machine tool seat (100), a tool moving mechanism capable of sliding along the Y-axis and the Z-axis direction is arranged on the machine tool frame (200), the tool moving mechanism is positioned above the workpiece moving mechanism, a ball head polishing tool and an abrasive belt polishing tool are arranged on the tool moving mechanism, the workpiece moving mechanism comprises a first rotary part (510) capable of rotating around the Y-axis, a second rotary part (520) capable of rotating around the Z-axis, and a third rotary part (530) capable of rotating around the X-axis, and the electrical control system comprises a workpiece position control module for controlling the workpiece moving mechanism, a tool position control module for controlling the tool moving mechanism and a polishing force control module for controlling the polishing tool;
The machine tool seat (100) is connected with a workpiece seat plate (110) in a sliding manner, the workpiece seat plate (110) is driven by a driving mechanism four, the front side of the upper end face of the workpiece seat plate (110) is fixedly connected with a workpiece movement mechanism, the rear side of the upper end face of the workpiece seat plate (110) is fixedly connected with a tool magazine mechanism, and the rear side end of the workpiece seat plate (110) penetrates through an avoidance opening at the lower side of the machine tool frame (200);
The tool magazine mechanism comprises a tool magazine seat (310), a rotatable electric control cutter head (320) is arranged at the upper end of the tool magazine seat (310), and a plurality of types of ball head cutters (330) are arranged on the electric control cutter head (320);
The tool motion mechanism comprises a first tool seat plate (410) capable of sliding along the Y-axis direction, a second tool seat plate (420) capable of sliding along the Z-axis direction and a third tool seat plate (430) capable of sliding along the Z-axis direction, wherein the first tool seat plate (410) is connected onto a sliding rail of the machine tool frame (200) in a sliding manner and driven by a first driving mechanism, the second tool seat plate (420) is connected onto a sliding rail of the first tool seat plate (410) in a sliding manner and driven by a second driving mechanism, and the third tool seat plate (430) is connected onto a sliding rail of the second tool seat plate (420) in a sliding manner and driven by a third driving mechanism;
The second tool seat plate (420) is provided with the ball head polishing tool, the ball head polishing tool comprises a plurality of electric spindles (421) controlled by the electric control system, and the third tool seat plate (430) is provided with the abrasive belt polishing tool;
The front side of the upper end face of the workpiece seat plate (110) is fixedly connected with a workpiece seat (540), the workpiece seat (540) is rotationally connected with a first rotary member (510), the first rotary member (510) is of a U-shaped structure and is driven by a driving mechanism five, the first rotary member (510) is rotationally connected with a plurality of second rotary members (520), the number of the second rotary members (520) is the same as that of the electric main shafts (421), the second rotary members (520) are of L-shaped structures and are driven by a driving mechanism six, one end of the second rotary member (520) is rotationally connected with a third rotary member (530), the other end of the second rotary member is rotationally connected with a subsidiary workpiece support (550), the third rotary member (530) is driven by a driving mechanism seven, and a blade clamp is arranged on the third rotary member (530);
the axis of the first rotating member (510) drive shaft, the axis of the second rotating member (520) drive shaft, and the axis of the third rotating member (530) drive shaft intersect at a point.
2. The high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device with force level compound control according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive belt polishing tool comprises abrasive belt polishing mechanisms which are the same in number as the electric main shafts (421) and are controlled by the electric control system, the abrasive belt polishing mechanisms comprise abrasive belts (431) and driving wheel sets (432) for driving the abrasive belts (431), polishing parts of the abrasive belts (431) are connected with contact wheels (433), and the contact wheels (433) are connected with floating units (440) through adjustable rods.
3. The high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device with force position compound control according to claim 2, wherein the floating unit (440) comprises a protective cover (441) installed on the inner side surface of the third tool seat plate (430), a low-friction air cylinder (442) controlled by the electric control system is arranged in the protective cover (441), a driving shaft of the low-friction air cylinder (442) is connected with a guide rod, one end of the guide rod extends out of the protective cover (441) through a guide assembly, the tail end of the guide rod is connected with an adjustable rod through a connecting block (443), the guide assembly comprises a sealing guide rod sleeve (444) connected between the protective cover (441) and the connecting block (443), an adjustable long hole is formed in the adjustable rod, an adjusting screw penetrates through the adjustable hole to be connected with the connecting block (443), and a pressure sensor (446) is arranged between the driving shaft of the low-friction air cylinder (442) and the guide rod.
4. The high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device with force-position compound control according to claim 3, wherein the center distances of two adjacent electric spindles (421), the center distances of two adjacent contact wheels (433) and the center distances of two adjacent driving shafts of the third rotating member (530) are equal to each other.
5. The high-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device with force position compound control according to claim 1, wherein a water tank (600) is arranged at the rear side of the machine tool base (100), the water tank (600) is connected with a water pipe, and one end of the water pipe extends to the workpiece movement mechanism.
6. A method for machining a curved surface of a high-temperature blade runner by using the curved surface machining device for the high-temperature blade runner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a high-temperature alloy blade (700) is clamped on a blade clamp, a model of the high-temperature alloy blade is input into the electrical control system, a corresponding machining mode is selected, and the electrical control system controls the mechanical execution system to automatically machine the full-scale surface of the high-temperature alloy blade runner, specifically comprising the following steps:
S1, polishing a blade mounting edge plate: the electric control system controls the electric spindle (421) to select a proper ball head cutter (330), the electric spindle rotates at a high speed to drive a ball head cutter abrasive, the electric control system controls the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism to move, so that the ball head cutter (330) reaches a set edge plate cutter site, point contact grinding is performed in a blade mounting edge plate area according to polishing movement set by a program, and the allowance of the blade mounting edge plate is removed;
S2, polishing a blade root fillet transition zone: the electric control system controls the electric spindle (421) to select a proper ball head cutter (330), the electric spindle rotates at a high speed to drive a ball head cutter abrasive, the electric control system controls the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism to move, so that the ball head cutter (330) reaches a set blade root cutter position, point contact grinding is carried out in a blade root fillet transition zone according to grinding movement set by a program, and the allowance at the blade root fillet transition zone is removed;
S3, grinding and polishing the blade body: the abrasive belt (431) rotates at a high speed under the drive of a motor, the electric control system controls the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism to move, so that an abrasive belt polishing part on the contact wheel (433) reaches a set blade position point, line contact grinding is performed in a blade area according to polishing movement set by a program, and the allowance at the blade is removed;
S4, polishing front and rear edges: the abrasive belt (431) rotates at a high speed under the drive of a motor, the electric control system controls the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism to move, so that an abrasive belt polishing part on the contact wheel (433) reaches the set front edge and rear edge tool positions, line contact grinding is performed in the front edge and rear edge regions according to polishing movement set by a program, and the allowance at the front edge and the rear edge is removed;
S5, polishing by a damping table: the electric control system controls the electric spindle (421) to select a proper ball head cutter (330), the electric spindle rotates at a high speed to drive a ball head cutter abrasive, the electric control system controls the workpiece movement mechanism and the tool movement mechanism to move, the ball head cutter (330) reaches a set damping table cutter position point, point contact grinding is performed in the damping table region according to polishing movement set by a program, and the allowance at the damping table is removed.
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| CN202410231319.9A CN117798785B (en) | 2024-03-01 | 2024-03-01 | High-temperature blade runner curved surface machining device and method with force position compound control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1293604A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2001-05-02 | 新田株式会社 | Grinder pressing device |
| CN101559574A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-21 | 北京胜为弘技数控装备有限公司 | Numerical control abrasive belt grinding machine with six-axis linkage |
| CN101570003A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-04 | 王中安 | Numerical control aspherical curved surface polishing machine tool |
| CN104440474A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 西安交通大学 | Self-adaption profile modification blade abrasive belt polishing machine tool |
| CN107838806A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-27 | 金翰阳科技（大连）股份有限公司 | Intelligent polishing machine tool |
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2024
- 2024-03-01 CN CN202410231319.9A patent/CN117798785B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1293604A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2001-05-02 | 新田株式会社 | Grinder pressing device |
| CN101559574A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-21 | 北京胜为弘技数控装备有限公司 | Numerical control abrasive belt grinding machine with six-axis linkage |
| CN101570003A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-04 | 王中安 | Numerical control aspherical curved surface polishing machine tool |
| CN104440474A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 西安交通大学 | Self-adaption profile modification blade abrasive belt polishing machine tool |
| CN107838806A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-27 | 金翰阳科技（大连）股份有限公司 | Intelligent polishing machine tool |
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