CN117782786B - Improved Shore hardness machine - Google Patents
Improved Shore hardness machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN117782786B CN117782786B CN202410206418.1A CN202410206418A CN117782786B CN 117782786 B CN117782786 B CN 117782786B CN 202410206418 A CN202410206418 A CN 202410206418A CN 117782786 B CN117782786 B CN 117782786B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
An improved shore hardness machine, comprising: the double-layer rack comprises an upper layer platform and a lower layer platform, and an n-shaped rack platform and a height measuring assembly are arranged above the upper layer platform; the n-shaped stand is provided with a punch grabbing and placing assembly and a punch guiding assembly, and a punch lifting assembly, a hardness block and a test bed are arranged between the n-shaped stand and the upper layer platform; the lower layer platform of the double-layer rack is provided with a hardness block compacting component; a height measurement assembly comprising: the device comprises a base, a precision displacement fine adjustment platform and a high-speed laser range finder; the center of the punch guide assembly is aligned under the high-speed laser range finder; a punch guide assembly, comprising: the punch guide cylinder, the air bearing and the punch guide block; the punch guide block is connected with the punch lifting assembly, so that the punch guide block moves up and down in the punch guide cylinder. The invention improves each module of the Shore hardness machine, and greatly improves the overall measurement accuracy of the Shore hardness machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hardness machines, and particularly relates to an improved Shore hardness machine.
Background
The Shore hardness machine uses a diamond punch with a specified shape to drop the surface of an impact sample from a specified height, and calculates the Shore hardness value according to the ratio of the first rebound height h of the punch to the drop height h 0 of the punch, and the formula is as follows:
HS=K（h/h0），
Where HS is shore hardness, K is shore hardness coefficient (type C instrument k=10 4/65, type d instrument k=140), h is the punch first rebound height, and h 0 is the punch drop height.
A shore hardness machine structure comprising: the device comprises a height measurement module, a punch grabbing and placing module, a punch guiding module, a punch lifting module and a hardness block compacting module. The publications are: shore hardness and HS-19 Shore hardness tester (Han Ruilin), development of rebound Shore hardness reference tester (Lin Jucai) and novel Shore hardness tester grabbing and placing mechanism disclosed in Chinese patent No. ZL 87205143. The structure of the current shore hardness machine has the following disadvantages:
1. and a height measurement module:
The elevation (19 cm) was limited to a fixed height by mechanical structure, was not measured in real time, and was measured using a dial indicator. This approach has low measurement accuracy and cannot measure the position of the punch in real time.
Rebound height: 1. when the punch is rebounded, the rack ejector rod in the gauge head is jacked up, the rack ejector rod pushes the needle shaft with the pointer, and the pointer shows the hardness value. By adopting the method, the ejector rod of the gauge outfit can influence the rebound height of the punch head and the accuracy of measurement. 2. And (5) electric measurement. The counter for timing is triggered and stopped by the first impact signal of the impact hammer and the second impact signal after the impact hammer rebounds, which are output by the impact vibrator of the piezoelectric sensor. After the rebound time is measured, the rebound height is calculated. The method belongs to indirect measurement, and is influenced by gravitational acceleration of various places through rebound time calculation, so that the measurement accuracy is not high enough.
2. Punch guide module:
The friction force is large in the mode, and the friction state is uncontrollable.
3. And the punch lifting module is used for:
The hand wheel rotates the rack to lift, reaches the manual stop after certain altitude. This approach requires manual effort, affecting the accuracy of the elevation (19 cm).
4. And (3) a punch grabbing and releasing module:
1. the steel ball clutch is adopted for locking or releasing, so that the clamping precision is poor and the sliding is easy. 2. The electromagnet of the impact hammer is released or sucked, and residual attraction of the electromagnet can exist at the moment of release, so that the free falling of the punch is influenced.
5. Hardness block compresses tightly the module:
1. The hand wheel is manually rotated to enable the punch head protective cap of the measuring cylinder to compress the hardness block, so that the clamping force is uncontrollable, the clamping force cannot be monitored in real time, and the measurement accuracy is affected. 2. The test piece compressing mechanism consists of a compressing cross beam, a frame, a hand wheel transmission mechanism, a handle-carrying boosting mechanism, a spring dynamometer and the like; the hand wheel transmission mechanism is used for adjusting the distance and the pressing force of various tested pieces. The handle boosting mechanism is used for applying and releasing the needed pressing force; the drawable and propelling reflecting lens barrel in the front of the base is used for watching a dial indicator on the spring dynamometer for indicating the pressing force. The clamping force is required to be manually loaded in the mode, the precision of the clamping force is poor, and the precision of the spring dynamometer is +/-0.5%.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an improved Shore hardness machine, which greatly improves measurement accuracy.
The invention is realized in the following way:
An improved shore hardness machine, comprising: the double-layer rack comprises an upper layer platform and a lower layer platform, and an n-shaped rack table and a height measuring assembly are arranged above the upper layer platform;
The n-shaped stand is provided with a punch grabbing and placing assembly and a punch guiding assembly, and a punch lifting assembly, a hardness block and a test table are arranged between the n-shaped stand and the upper-layer platform;
the lower layer platform of the double-layer rack is provided with a hardness block compacting component;
The height measurement assembly includes: the device comprises a base, a precision displacement fine adjustment platform and a high-speed laser range finder; the bottom of the base is fixed on the upper-layer platform, the top of the base is fixed with the precise displacement fine-tuning platform, the precise displacement fine-tuning platform is connected with one end of an L-shaped connecting plate, the other end of the L-shaped connecting plate is connected with the high-speed laser range finder, the center of the punch guide assembly is Fang Zhengdui under the high-speed laser range finder, and the center of the punch guide assembly is used for placing a Shore punch;
The punch guide assembly includes: the punch guide cylinder, the air bearing and the punch guide block;
the punch guide cylinder is erected on the n-shaped stand, the upper part of the punch guide cylinder is positioned above the n-shaped stand, and the lower part of the punch guide cylinder passes through the n-shaped stand and is positioned above the hardness block;
the air bearing is arranged above the inside of the punch guide cylinder, the punch guide block is positioned below the inside of the punch guide cylinder, and the punch guide block is connected with the punch lifting assembly so that the punch guide block moves up and down in the punch guide cylinder;
The Shore punch is arranged in the punch guide cylinder, when the punch guide block moves upwards, the clamping part at the bottom of the Shore punch is supported by the punch guide block to drive the punch guide block to move upwards, and when the punch guide block descends to the lowest point, the bottommost part of the Shore punch directly falls down to the hardness block;
the punch lifting assembly comprises: the device comprises a first servo motor, a precise sliding table module, a module mounting seat, a pair of lifting plates, a pair of adjustable supporting blocks and a pair of supporting rods;
The module installation seat is fixedly arranged on the upper-layer platform, the precise sliding table module is installed on the side edge of the module installation seat, and the first servo motor is positioned above the module installation seat;
the two sides of the precise sliding table module are respectively connected with one lifting plate, the other end of each lifting plate is respectively provided with one adjustable supporting block, one end of each supporting rod is fixedly connected with each adjustable supporting block, and the other end of each supporting rod is respectively and fixedly connected with the punch guide block;
The first servo motor drives the precise sliding table module to conduct lifting movement, and the precise sliding table module sequentially drives the lifting plate, the adjustable supporting block and the supporting rod to conduct lifting movement, so that the punch guide block is driven to conduct lifting movement in the punch guide cylinder.
Further, the punch pick-and-place assembly includes: the device comprises a displacement fine tuning platform and a chuck, wherein the chuck is connected with the displacement fine tuning platform, the displacement fine tuning platform is arranged on the n-shaped stand, and the chuck is positioned above the center of the punch guide assembly.
Further, the chuck adopts a cylinder clamping jaw.
Further, the chuck adopts a piezoelectric ceramic actuator.
Further, the hardness block compacting assembly includes: a pair of compacting plates, a pair of pull rods, a tension-compression force sensor, an electric cylinder and a second servo motor;
The tension and compression force sensor, the electric cylinder and the second servo motor are positioned above the lower-layer platform; the second servo motor is connected with the electric cylinder, and the electric cylinder is connected with the tension and compression force sensor;
The pair of pull rods penetrate through the upper-layer platform from two sides, the lower ends of the pull rods are connected with the pull pressure force sensor, the upper ends of the pull rods are respectively connected with one pressing plate, and each pressing plate is pressed on the upper surface of the hardness block from two sides;
the second servo motor drives the electric cylinder to lift, the electric cylinder drives the pull rod to lift through the pull rod to the force sensor, and the pull rod drives the pressing plate to lift; when the electric cylinder descends, the pressing plate descends along with the electric cylinder until the pressing plate presses to the upper surface of the hardness block.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the height measurement module adopts a high-speed laser range finder, has high positioning accuracy and can measure the position of the punch in real time.
2. The punch guide module adopts an air-float shaft sleeve, and the friction force is tiny.
3. The punch lifting module is controlled by a servo motor and is automatically lifted, and the height error of the lifting can be within 0.02 mm.
4. The punch grabbing and releasing module adopts an air cylinder clamping jaw or a piezoelectric ceramic actuator, so that the clamping precision is high, and no residual suction force exists.
5. The hardness block compacting module is combined with the electric cylinder by adopting the servo motor, the compacting force is controllable, the compacting force can be detected in real time, and the automatic loading is realized, and the compacting force precision can be within 0.1%.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the shore punch.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a B-B cross-sectional view of fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the punch lifting assembly of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100-Shore punch, 101-clamping part, 1-upper layer platform, 2-lower layer platform, 3-n-shaped stand, 4-height measuring component, 41-base, 42-precision displacement fine tuning platform, 43-high speed laser range finder, 44-L-shaped connecting plate, 5-punch grabbing and releasing component, 51-displacement fine tuning platform, 52-chuck, 6-punch guiding component, 61-punch guiding cylinder, 62-air bearing, 63-punch guiding block, 7-punch lifting component, 71-first servo motor, 72-precision sliding table module, 73-module mounting seat, 74-lifting plate, 75-adjustable supporting block, 76-supporting rod, 8-hardness block, 81-test table, 9-hardness block pressing component, 91-pressing plate, 92-pull rod, 93-tension force sensor, 94-electric cylinder and 95-second servo motor.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7, an improved shore hardness machine, comprising: the double-layer rack comprises an upper layer platform 1 and a lower layer platform 2, and an n-shaped rack table 3 and a height measuring assembly 4 are arranged above the upper layer platform 1; the n-shaped stand 3 is provided with a punch grabbing and placing assembly 5 and a punch guiding assembly 6, and a punch lifting assembly 7, a hardness block 8 and a test table 9 are arranged between the n-shaped stand 3 and the upper layer platform 1; the lower layer platform 2 of the double-layer frame is provided with a hardness block compacting component 9.
Wherein, the altitude measurement subassembly 4 includes: a base 41, a precision displacement fine adjustment platform 42 and a high-speed laser range finder 43; the bottom of the base 41 is fixed on the upper layer platform 1, the top is fixed with a precision displacement fine adjustment platform 42, the precision displacement fine adjustment platform 42 is connected with one end of an L-shaped connecting plate 44, the other end of the L-shaped connecting plate 44 is connected with a high-speed laser range finder 43, the center of the punch guide assembly 6 is aligned under the high-speed laser range finder 43, and the center of the punch guide assembly 6 is used for placing a Shore punch 100.
Punch guide assembly 6, comprising: a punch guide cylinder 61, an air bearing 62, and a punch guide block 63; the punch guide cylinder 61 is erected on the n-shaped stand 3, the upper part of the punch guide cylinder is positioned above the n-shaped stand 3, and the lower part of the punch guide cylinder passes through the n-shaped stand 3 and is positioned above the hardness block 8; an air bearing 62 is mounted above the inside of the punch guide cylinder 61, a punch guide block 63 is positioned below the inside of the punch guide cylinder 61, and the punch guide block 63 is connected to the punch lifting assembly 9 so that the punch guide block 63 moves up and down in the punch guide cylinder 61.
The shore punch 100 is placed in the punch guide cylinder 61, when the punch guide block 63 is driven by the punch lifting assembly 7 to move upwards, the clamping part 101 at the bottom of the shore punch 100 is supported by the punch guide block 63 to drive the shore punch 100 to move upwards, and when the punch guide block 63 descends to the lowest point, the bottommost part of the shore punch 100 directly falls onto the hardness block 8.
Punch lifting assembly 7, comprising: a first servo motor 71, a precision sliding table module 72, a module mounting seat 73, a pair of lifting plates 74, a pair of adjustable supporting blocks 75 and a pair of supporting rods 76. The module mount pad 73 is fixed to be set up on upper deck 1, and accurate slip table module 72 is installed in module mount pad 73 side, and first servo motor 71 is located module mount pad 73 top. Two sides of the precise sliding table module 72 are respectively connected with a lifting plate 74, the other end of each lifting plate 74 is respectively provided with an adjustable supporting block 75, one end of a supporting rod 76 is fixedly connected to each adjustable supporting block 75, and the other end of the supporting rod 76 is respectively fixedly connected with a punch guide block 63; the first servo motor 71 drives the precise sliding table module 72 to perform lifting movement, and the precise sliding table module 72 sequentially drives the lifting plate 74, the adjustable supporting block 75 and the supporting rod 76 to perform lifting movement, so that the punch guide block 63 is driven to perform lifting movement in the punch guide cylinder 61.
Punch pick and place assembly 5, comprising: the displacement fine tuning platform 51 and the chuck 52, the chuck 52 is connected with the displacement fine tuning platform 51, the displacement fine tuning platform 51 is arranged on the n-shaped stand 3, and the chuck 52 is arranged above the center of the punch guide assembly 3. The chuck 52 employs a gas cylinder jaw or a piezo-ceramic actuator.
The hardness block compresses tightly subassembly 9, includes: the pressing plate 91, the pull rod 92, the pull-press force sensor 93, the electric cylinder 94 and the second servo motor 95. The tension and compression force sensor 93, the electric cylinder 94 and the second servo motor 95 are positioned above the lower platform 2; the second servo motor 95 is connected to the electric cylinder 94, and the electric cylinder 94 is connected to the tension-compression force sensor 93. The pull rod 92 passes through the upper platform 2, the lower end of the pull rod is connected with a pull pressure force sensor 93, the upper end of the pull rod is connected with a pressing plate 91, and the pressing plate 91 is pressed on the upper surface of the hardness block 8; the second servo motor 95 drives the electric cylinder 94 to lift, the electric cylinder 94 drives the pull rod 92 to lift through pulling and pressing the force sensor 93, and the pull rod 92 drives the pressing plate 91 to lift; as the electric cylinder 94 descends, the pressing plate 91 descends until it presses against the upper surface of the hardness block 8.
The specific test operation steps are as follows:
step S1: placing the hardness block 8 on the test bench 81, and manually adjusting the height of the pressing plate 91 to adapt to hardness blocks with different heights;
Step S2: after the hardness block 8 is set, the hold-down plate 91 is lowered until a force of 200N (or even greater) is applied;
Step S3: manually adjusting the punch lifting assembly 7 to slowly lower the punch guide block 63, wherein the Shore punch 100 is slowly contacted with the upper surface of the hardness block 8, and the height of the Shore punch 100 is measured by the height measuring assembly 4 and recorded as a zero point of the height;
Step S4: manually adjusting the punch lifting assembly 7 to slowly lift the punch guide block 63, and stopping the shore punch 100 from the zero point by 19mm upwards by the height measuring assembly 4, and then clamping the shore punch 100 by the clamping head 52;
Step S5: manually adjusting punch lifting assembly 7 to move punch guide block 63 downward so that it disengages from shore punch 100;
Step S6: the punch guide block 63 is lowered to a position (for example, 2mm, this position is such that when the bottom of the shore punch 100 falls onto the upper surface of the hardness block 8, the retaining portion 101 thereof is stopped above the punch guide block 63, that is, both are in a disengaged state), and then the chuck 52 is released, the shore punch 100 falls down, the rebound height is recorded, and the hardness value thereof is calculated;
Step S7: when the second point is hit, the hold-down plate 91 is released, then the hardness block 8 is moved by one position (the test is performed by changing the point), and then the steps S1 to S6 are repeated.
The invention improves each module (height measuring module, punch guiding module, punch lifting module, punch grabbing and placing module and hardness block compacting module) of the Shore hardness machine, and greatly improves the overall measuring precision of the Shore hardness machine.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An improved shore hardness machine, characterized by: comprising the following steps: the double-layer rack comprises an upper layer platform and a lower layer platform, and an n-shaped rack table and a height measuring assembly are arranged above the upper layer platform;
The n-shaped stand is provided with a punch grabbing and placing assembly and a punch guiding assembly, and a punch lifting assembly, a hardness block and a test table are arranged between the n-shaped stand and the upper-layer platform;
the lower layer platform of the double-layer rack is provided with a hardness block compacting component;
The height measurement assembly includes: the device comprises a base, a precision displacement fine adjustment platform and a high-speed laser range finder; the bottom of the base is fixed on the upper-layer platform, the top of the base is fixed with the precise displacement fine-tuning platform, the precise displacement fine-tuning platform is connected with one end of an L-shaped connecting plate, the other end of the L-shaped connecting plate is connected with the high-speed laser range finder, the center of the punch guide assembly is Fang Zhengdui under the high-speed laser range finder, and the center of the punch guide assembly is used for placing a Shore punch;
The punch guide assembly includes: the punch guide cylinder, the air bearing and the punch guide block;
the punch guide cylinder is erected on the n-shaped stand, the upper part of the punch guide cylinder is positioned above the n-shaped stand, and the lower part of the punch guide cylinder passes through the n-shaped stand and is positioned above the hardness block;
the air bearing is arranged above the inside of the punch guide cylinder, the punch guide block is positioned below the inside of the punch guide cylinder, and the punch guide block is connected with the punch lifting assembly so that the punch guide block moves up and down in the punch guide cylinder;
The Shore punch is arranged in the punch guide cylinder, when the punch guide block moves upwards, the clamping part at the bottom of the Shore punch is supported by the punch guide block to drive the punch guide block to move upwards, and when the punch guide block descends to the lowest point, the bottommost part of the Shore punch directly falls down to the hardness block;
the punch lifting assembly comprises: the device comprises a first servo motor, a precise sliding table module, a module mounting seat, a pair of lifting plates, a pair of adjustable supporting blocks and a pair of supporting rods;
The module installation seat is fixedly arranged on the upper-layer platform, the precise sliding table module is installed on the side edge of the module installation seat, and the first servo motor is positioned above the module installation seat;
the two sides of the precise sliding table module are respectively connected with one lifting plate, the other end of each lifting plate is respectively provided with one adjustable supporting block, one end of each supporting rod is fixedly connected with each adjustable supporting block, and the other end of each supporting rod is respectively and fixedly connected with the punch guide block;
The first servo motor drives the precise sliding table module to conduct lifting movement, and the precise sliding table module sequentially drives the lifting plate, the adjustable supporting block and the supporting rod to conduct lifting movement, so that the punch guide block is driven to conduct lifting movement in the punch guide cylinder.
2. An improved shore hardness machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the punch pick-and-place assembly includes: the device comprises a displacement fine tuning platform and a chuck, wherein the chuck is connected with the displacement fine tuning platform, the displacement fine tuning platform is arranged on the n-shaped stand, and the chuck is positioned above the center of the punch guide assembly.
3. An improved shore hardness machine as defined in claim 2, wherein: the chuck adopts a cylinder clamping jaw.
4. An improved shore hardness machine as defined in claim 2, wherein: the chuck adopts a piezoelectric ceramic actuator.
5. An improved shore hardness machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the hardness block compaction assembly includes: a pair of compacting plates, a pair of pull rods, a tension-compression force sensor, an electric cylinder and a second servo motor;
The tension and compression force sensor, the electric cylinder and the second servo motor are positioned above the lower-layer platform; the second servo motor is connected with the electric cylinder, and the electric cylinder is connected with the tension and compression force sensor;
The pair of pull rods penetrate through the upper-layer platform from two sides, the lower ends of the pull rods are connected with the pull pressure force sensor, the upper ends of the pull rods are respectively connected with one pressing plate, and each pressing plate is pressed on the upper surface of the hardness block from two sides;
the second servo motor drives the electric cylinder to lift, the electric cylinder drives the pull rod to lift through the pull rod to the force sensor, and the pull rod drives the pressing plate to lift; when the electric cylinder descends, the pressing plate descends along with the electric cylinder until the pressing plate presses to the upper surface of the hardness block.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410206418.1A CN117782786B (en) | 2024-02-26 | 2024-02-26 | Improved Shore hardness machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410206418.1A CN117782786B (en) | 2024-02-26 | 2024-02-26 | Improved Shore hardness machine |
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| CN117782786A CN117782786A (en) | 2024-03-29 |
| CN117782786B true CN117782786B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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