CN117772701A - Pipeline descaling system and method based on ultrasonic waves - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pipeline descaling system and method based on ultrasonic waves, and belongs to the field of pipeline cleaning. The pipeline descaling system comprises a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor and a monitoring platform, wherein the pipeline descaling device comprises a driving mechanism, a control unit, an information acquisition module and an ultrasonic transducer, the sensor is respectively arranged at the inlet, the middle, the outlet and the like of the inner wall of the pipeline and is mainly used for detecting and recording dirt information in the pipeline, and the monitoring platform is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator through a communication interface and is mainly used for realizing transmission of a system control instruction and monitoring of dirt adhesion conditions in the pipeline. The invention further comprises a method for descaling the pipeline by using the pipeline descaling system. On the basis of utilizing ultrasonic descaling, the invention can use a plurality of sensors to detect the information such as the type, the position, the thickness and the like of the dirt in the pipeline in real time, thereby greatly improving the descaling efficiency.

Description

An ultrasonic-based pipeline descaling system and method

Technical field

The invention relates to an ultrasonic-based pipeline descaling system and method, belonging to the field of pipeline cleaning.

Background technique

As one of the most commonly used transportation methods in the world, pipeline transportation has the advantages of large transportation volume, relatively good transportation safety, high reliability, and low price. However, currently, the vast majority of oil and gas pipelines are hidden underground and are surrounded by complex surroundings. The environment and the internal fluid transport medium can easily cause a large amount of dirt inside the pipeline, such as calcium carbonate, sulfide, rust and other sediments. These deposits accumulate over time, leading to a reduction in the inner diameter of the pipe, increased fluid flow resistance and reduced fluidity, and may even cause serious problems such as pipe blockage, corrosion and leakage. To keep your plumbing system running smoothly and extend its life, pipe descaling becomes critical. Traditional methods of descaling pipes often involve the use of chemical cleaners, but these cleaners can cause pollution to the environment and require careful handling during operation. Another method is to use a mechanical scraper device to physically scrape the pipe wall dirt. This method has the risk of damaging the inner wall of the pipe and the pipe equipment, which may lead to increased repair and replacement costs. In addition, high-pressure water jet cleaning is also a common method, but it has limitations in cleaning efficiency and cleaning quality.

The most critical thing is that in the existing pipeline descaling equipment, there is no dirt detection device, and it is impossible to perform corresponding descaling according to the actual situation of the dirt, which easily leads to incomplete descaling. The present invention relates to an ultrasonic-based pipeline descaling system and method, in which multiple sensors are arranged inside the pipeline to enable real-time monitoring of the sediment and dirt in the pipeline. This real-time performance enables the operator to understand the status of the pipeline at any time, including information such as the type, location and thickness of the dirt, which greatly improves the efficiency of pipeline descaling.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the existing pipeline descaling technology, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic-based pipeline descaling system. The descaling system includes: a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor, and a monitoring system. Platform; the pipeline descaling device mainly includes a driving mechanism, a control unit, an information collection module and an ultrasonic transducer;

There are three connection ports on the monitoring platform. One of the communication ports carries out information transmission with the ultrasonic generator to realize real-time parameter adjustment during the cleaning process. The other two connection ports are connected to the information collection module and the control unit through wired cables. Electrical connection, there are 3 connection ports on the control unit, which are electrically connected to the information collection module, ultrasonic transducer, and monitoring platform respectively; the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the ultrasonic generator through a wired cable, and the ultrasonic wave generates The device is connected to a 220V power supply. The driving mechanism includes two parts: a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The driving wheel is driven by a stepper motor built into the device. The driven wheel follows the driving wheel for auxiliary driving, so that the device can move stably in the pipeline.

Preferably, the control unit adopts the STM32 control system and uses the FY1500 ultrasonic generator. The main original components include: signal generator, amplifier, and impedance matcher; the sensor uses the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, and the ultrasonic transducer adopts a sandwich Type piezoelectric transducer, the stepper motor adopts ATK-S42H0D0 two-phase four-wire hybrid stepper motor, and the USR-G780s acquisition module is used to collect pipeline dirt information.

Preferably, the monitoring platform and ultrasonic generator are placed outside the pipeline, the pipeline descaling device is placed inside the pipeline, and the sensors are installed on the inner wall of the pipeline and evenly distributed at the pipeline entrance, the middle of the pipeline and the pipeline outlet. .

Preferably, the pipeline descaling system selects a sinusoidal AC signal with an output voltage amplitude of 500V and an operating frequency in the range of 20kHz to 100kHz as the driving signal of the ultrasonic transducer.

Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer may have frequency drift during operation, and a feedback link is required to obtain its working signal to adjust the driving signal generated by the signal generator to keep it consistent with the resonant frequency of the transducer.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for descaling a pipeline using the descaling system of the present invention, the specific steps of which are as follows:

(1) Start the ultrasonic generator.

(2) The sensor receives the ultrasonic signal reflected from the inner wall of the pipe and records it.

(3) The control unit receives the ultrasonic reflection signal from the sensor and uses a signal processing algorithm to analyze it to obtain accurate dirt information inside the pipeline.

(4) The information collection module collects the dirt information inside the pipeline transmitted from the control unit and feeds it back to the monitoring platform outside the pipeline.

(5) After obtaining the specific dirt information, the monitoring platform automatically adjusts the ultrasonic parameters in the ultrasonic generator according to the actual dirt adhesion in the pipeline and transmits the sound waves to the ultrasonic transducer. The monitoring platform sends a starting command to the control unit to start it. Ultrasonic transducer, descaling begins.

(6) After the overall descaling process is completed, start the ultrasonic generator again and use the sensor to detect whether there is any residual dirt in the pipeline to ensure that the final required cleaning goal is achieved.

Principle of the invention

(1) The timer inside the sensor usually accurately measures this time delay in microseconds or nanoseconds, that is, the time from when the signal is sent to when the signal returns. It is mainly used to determine the distance between the object or reflector and the sensor, The amplitude of the ultrasonic signal received by the sensor is the intensity of the sound wave reflection, which helps determine whether there is dirt or obstacles in the pipeline.

(2) By comparing the time delay and amplitude change between the transmitted signal and the reflected signal, the location of the dirt can be accurately located, and the thickness of the dirt can be estimated by measuring the time delay of sound wave propagation. Thicker covering of dirt usually results in the propagation of ultrasonic waves. It takes longer. On the contrary, covering lighter dirt will make the ultrasonic wave propagation time shorter. By analyzing the spectrum of the ultrasonic reflection signal, specific types of dirt can be identified. Each dirt type usually produces a unique spectrum pattern. , comparing the spectral distribution of the reflected signal with reference data of known dirt types to determine the type of dirt.

(3) The ultrasonic generator transmits the electrical signal to the ultrasonic transducer, and converts the sound energy into mechanical vibration under the action of the ultrasonic transducer, thereby radiating the ultrasonic energy into the fluid medium in the pipeline. When the fluid medium is subjected to ultrasonic oscillation, many cavitation bubbles will be generated. Energy will be accumulated from the formation of the bubbles to their final collapse. When the bubbles burst, a large amount of energy will be released, resulting in a huge shock wave, which will shatter the solid dirt attached to the inner wall of the pipe. , to achieve the effect of descaling.

Beneficial effects of the invention

(1) The system has a real-time monitoring function that can monitor the type, location and thickness of dirt inside the pipeline, so that the staff can understand the pipeline status in real time, which helps to better control and plan the next cleaning operation and greatly improve the descaling efficiency.

(2) The automation capabilities of sensors and control systems make the pipeline cleaning process easier to manage and reduce the risk of human error.

(3) The system uses ultrasonic technology, which does not require disassembly or damage to the pipeline, achieving non-invasive operation and can clean the pipeline without stopping the machine, reducing the risk of production interruption and shutdown.

(4) The system and method utilize ultrasonic technology to effectively detect and remove dirt and sediment inside the pipeline. This helps keep the pipeline clean and unobstructed, reducing the maintenance cost of the pipeline system.

(5) Compared with traditional chemical cleaning methods, this method reduces the environmental burden and also reduces energy waste.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the pipeline descaling system of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of the pipeline descaling system of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a working flow chart of the ultrasonic generator of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a flow chart of the pipeline descaling method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments. be communicated to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. As for the specific implementation process of the solution described in the present invention, any number of situations can be enumerated.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-3, an ultrasonic-based pipeline descaling system includes a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor, and a monitoring platform. The pipeline descaling device integrates a driving mechanism, a control unit, and information collection. Module and ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic generator is mainly composed of signal generator, amplifier, impedance matcher and other components.

There are three connection ports on the monitoring platform. One of the communication ports carries out information transmission with the ultrasonic generator to realize real-time parameter adjustment during the cleaning process. The other two connection ports are connected to the information collection module and the control unit through wired cables. Make an electrical connection. There are three connection ports on the control unit, which are electrically connected to the information collection module, ultrasonic transducer, and monitoring platform respectively; the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the ultrasonic generator through a wired cable, and the ultrasonic The generator is connected to the 220V power supply.

The driving mechanism includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The driving wheel is driven by a stepper motor built into the device. The stepper motor uses an ATK-S42H0D0 two-phase four-wire hybrid stepper motor. The driven wheel follows the driving wheel. Auxiliary drive enables the device to move stably in the pipeline.

The monitoring platform is used to send system control instructions, monitor the operating status of the descaling device pipeline, and monitor the dirt removal conditions in the pipeline.

After the ultrasonic generator is started, it emits ultrasonic signals into the pipeline and transmits electrical signals to the ultrasonic transducer through wired cables. The ultrasonic generator is FY1500.

The sensors are respectively installed at the inlet, middle and outlet of the pipeline, and are mainly used to record the ultrasonic reflection signal inside the pipeline and transmit it to the control unit. The sensor adopts HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor.

The control unit analyzes and processes the received sensor reflection signal to accurately identify the dirt information inside the pipeline (such as the type, location and thickness of dirt, etc.). The control unit adopts the STM32 control system.

The USR-G780s acquisition module is used to feed back the dirt information inside the pipeline to the monitoring platform placed outside the pipeline.

As shown in Figure 4, it uses the above-mentioned pipeline descaling system to perform descaling. The specific steps are as follows:

(1) First, place the pipe descaling device stably inside the pipe and start the ultrasonic generator.

(2) The ultrasonic signal propagates along the axial direction of the pipe. When there is dirt attached to the inner wall of the pipe in front, part of the ultrasonic signal will be reflected back to the sensor. At this time, the sensors installed at the entrance, middle and end of the pipe (i.e. Sensor 1, Sensor 2 and Sensor 3) will record the time delay, amplitude and spectrum of the reflected signal.

(3) The control unit receives the ultrasonic reflection signals from sensors 1, 2 and 3 on the inner wall of the pipe respectively. By comparing the time delay and amplitude change between the sent signal and the reflected signal, the location of the dirt can be accurately located; by measuring The time delay of sound wave propagation is used to estimate the thickness of dirt; by analyzing the spectrum of the ultrasonic reflection signal, specific types of dirt can be identified and analyzed using signal processing algorithms to obtain accurate dirt information inside the pipeline.

(4) The information collection module collects the dirt information inside the pipeline transmitted from the control unit and feeds it back to the monitoring platform outside the pipeline.

(5) After obtaining the specific dirt information, the monitoring platform uses the pre-set cleaning goals, executes the automatic control algorithm, and sends parameter adjustment instructions to the ultrasonic generator through the communication interface to automatically adjust the ultrasonic wave according to the actual dirt adhesion in the pipeline. The frequency, amplitude and power parameters of the ultrasonic wave in the generator are transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer. After the relevant parameters are set, the monitoring platform sends a start command to the control unit to start the ultrasonic transducer and descaling begins.

(6) After the overall descaling process is completed, use the sensor again to detect whether there is any residual dirt in the pipe to ensure that the final required cleaning goal is achieved. If it is found that some dirt has not been completely cleaned, the method will be repeated. Steps further in-depth cleaning until the final cleaning goal is achieved.

The above contents are only examples and descriptions of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or substitute them in similar ways, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or Anything beyond the scope defined by the claims shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An ultrasonic wave-based pipeline descaling system and method are characterized in that: the descaling system includes: the device comprises a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor and a monitoring platform; the pipeline descaling device mainly comprises a driving mechanism, a control unit, an information acquisition module and an ultrasonic transducer;

the monitoring platform is provided with 3 connectors, one communication interface is in information transmission with the ultrasonic generator to realize real-time parameter adjustment in the cleaning process, the other two connectors are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the control unit is electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform through wired cables, and the control unit is provided with 3 connectors which are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform; the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the ultrasonic generator through a wired cable, and the ultrasonic generator is connected with a 220V power supply;

the driving mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is driven by a stepping motor arranged in the device, and the driven wheel is driven in an auxiliary way along with the driving wheel, so that the device can walk in a pipeline stably.

2. The ultrasonic-based pipe descaling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit adopts STM32 control system, the ultrasonic generator uses FY1500, the sensor adopts HC-SR04 type ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer adopts sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, step motor adopts ATK-S42H0D0 two-phase four-wire hybrid step motor, adopts USR-G780S collection module to gather pipeline dirt information.

3. The ultrasonic-based pipe descaling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the monitoring platform and the ultrasonic generator are arranged outside the pipeline, the pipeline descaling device is arranged inside the pipeline, and the sensors are arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline and uniformly distributed at the inlet of the pipeline, the middle of the pipeline and the outlet of the pipeline.

4. The ultrasonic-based pipe descaling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the pipeline descaling system selects a sinusoidal alternating current signal with the output voltage amplitude of 500V and the working frequency of 20kHz to 100kHz as a driving signal of an ultrasonic transducer.

5. A method of descaling a system according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) Starting an ultrasonic generator;

(2) The sensor receives and records the ultrasonic signals reflected by the inner wall of the pipeline;

(3) The control unit receives ultrasonic reflection signals of the sensor and analyzes the ultrasonic reflection signals by using a signal processing algorithm to obtain accurate dirt information in the pipeline;

(4) The information acquisition module collects dirt information in the pipeline transmitted by the control unit and feeds the dirt information back to the monitoring platform outside the pipeline;

(5) After specific dirt information is acquired by the monitoring platform, automatically adjusting ultrasonic parameters in the ultrasonic generator according to the actual dirt adhesion condition in the pipeline and transmitting sound waves to the ultrasonic transducer, and sending a starting instruction to the control unit by the monitoring platform to start the ultrasonic transducer, so that the descaling is started;

(6) After the integral descaling process is finished, the ultrasonic generator is started again, and a sensor is used for detecting whether residual dirt exists in the pipeline or not so as to ensure that the finally required cleaning target is achieved.