CN117772701A

CN117772701A - Pipeline descaling system and method based on ultrasonic waves

Info

Publication number: CN117772701A
Application number: CN202311524685.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晓龙; 张檠; 李惟骞; 钟珑昕
Original assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2023-11-16
Filing date: 2023-11-16
Publication date: 2024-03-29

Abstract

The invention relates to a pipeline descaling system and method based on ultrasonic waves, and belongs to the field of pipeline cleaning. The pipeline descaling system comprises a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor and a monitoring platform, wherein the pipeline descaling device comprises a driving mechanism, a control unit, an information acquisition module and an ultrasonic transducer, the sensor is respectively arranged at the inlet, the middle, the outlet and the like of the inner wall of the pipeline and is mainly used for detecting and recording dirt information in the pipeline, and the monitoring platform is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator through a communication interface and is mainly used for realizing transmission of a system control instruction and monitoring of dirt adhesion conditions in the pipeline. The invention further comprises a method for descaling the pipeline by using the pipeline descaling system. On the basis of utilizing ultrasonic descaling, the invention can use a plurality of sensors to detect the information such as the type, the position, the thickness and the like of the dirt in the pipeline in real time, thereby greatly improving the descaling efficiency.

Description

Pipeline descaling system and method based on ultrasonic waves

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pipeline descaling system and method based on ultrasonic waves, and belongs to the field of pipeline cleaning.

Background

Pipeline transportation is one of the most common transportation modes in the world, has the advantages of large transportation quantity, relatively good transportation safety, high reliability, low price and the like, and most of the current oil and gas pipelines are hidden in the ground, so that a large amount of dirt, such as calcium carbonate, sulfide, rust and other sediments, is easily generated in the pipelines under the action of the surrounding complex environment and internal fluid transportation media. These deposits can accumulate over time, leading to reduced inside diameter of the pipe, increased resistance to fluid flow and reduced flow through, and may even cause serious problems with pipe blockage, corrosion and leakage. To maintain smooth operation and extend the life of the piping system, pipe descaling is becoming critical. Conventional pipeline descaling methods typically involve the use of chemical cleaners, but these cleaners can be environmentally friendly and require careful handling during operation. Another approach is to physically scrape the pipe wall dirt using mechanical scraping means, which runs the risk of damaging the pipe inner wall and the pipe equipment, possibly leading to increased maintenance and replacement costs. In addition, high-pressure water jet cleaning is also a common method, but has limitations in cleaning efficiency and cleaning quality.

The most critical is that in the existing pipeline descaling equipment, a scale detection device is not arranged, corresponding descaling cannot be carried out according to the actual condition of the scale, and incomplete descaling is easy to cause. The invention relates to a pipeline descaling system and a pipeline descaling method based on ultrasonic waves, wherein a plurality of sensors are arranged in a pipeline, so that sediment and dirt conditions in the pipeline can be monitored in real time, an operator can know the state in the pipeline at any time, and the pipeline descaling efficiency is greatly improved due to the real-time property, including the dirt type, the position, the thickness and other information.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects existing in the prior pipeline descaling technology, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide an ultrasonic-based pipeline descaling system, which comprises: the device comprises a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor and a monitoring platform; the pipeline descaling device mainly comprises a driving mechanism, a control unit, an information acquisition module and an ultrasonic transducer;

the monitoring platform is provided with 3 connectors, one communication interface is in information transmission with the ultrasonic generator to realize real-time parameter adjustment in the cleaning process, the other two connectors are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the control unit is electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform through wired cables, and the control unit is provided with 3 connectors which are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform; the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the ultrasonic generator through a wired cable, the ultrasonic generator is connected with a 220V power supply, the driving mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is driven by a stepping motor arranged in the device, and the driven wheel is driven to assist in driving along with the driving wheel, so that the device can walk in a pipeline stably.

Preferably, the control unit adopts STM32 control system, adopts FY1500 type supersonic generator, and main original paper has: a signal generator, an amplifier, and an impedance matcher; the sensor adopts an HC-SR04 type ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic transducer adopts a sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, the stepping motor adopts an ATK-S42H0D0 two-phase four-wire hybrid stepping motor, and the pipeline dirt information is acquired by adopting a USR-G780S acquisition module.

Preferably, the monitoring platform and the ultrasonic generator are arranged outside the pipeline, the pipeline descaling device is arranged inside the pipeline, and the sensors are arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline and uniformly distributed at the inlet of the pipeline, the middle of the pipeline and the outlet of the pipeline.

Preferably, the pipeline descaling system selects a sinusoidal alternating current signal with the output voltage amplitude of 500V and the working frequency of 20kHz to 100kHz as a driving signal of the ultrasonic transducer.

Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer may have frequency drift during operation, and a feedback link is required to acquire an operation signal thereof, so as to adjust a driving signal generated by the signal generator to keep consistent with the resonant frequency of the transducer.

The invention further provides a method for descaling a pipeline by using the descaling system, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) The ultrasonic generator is started.

(2) The sensor receives and records the ultrasonic signals reflected by the inner wall of the pipeline.

(3) The control unit receives ultrasonic reflected signals of the sensor and analyzes the ultrasonic reflected signals by using a signal processing algorithm to obtain accurate dirt information in the pipeline.

(4) The information acquisition module collects dirt information in the pipeline transmitted by the control unit and feeds the dirt information back to the monitoring platform outside the pipeline.

(5) After the monitoring platform acquires specific dirt information, the ultrasonic parameters in the ultrasonic generator are automatically adjusted according to the actual dirt adhesion condition in the pipeline, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer, and the monitoring platform sends a starting instruction to the control unit to start the ultrasonic transducer, so that the descaling is started.

(6) After the integral descaling process is finished, the ultrasonic generator is started again, and a sensor is used for detecting whether residual dirt exists in the pipeline or not so as to ensure that the finally required cleaning target is achieved.

Principles of the invention

(1) The timer inside the sensor, which usually measures precisely this time delay, i.e. the time from the signal transmission to the signal return, in microseconds or nanoseconds, is mainly used to determine the distance between the object or reflector and the sensor, which receives the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal, i.e. the intensity of the reflected sound wave, which helps to determine if dirt or obstruction is present in the pipe.

(2) By comparing the time delay and amplitude variations between the transmitted and reflected signals, the location of the fouling can be accurately located, the thickness of the fouling can be estimated by measuring the time delay of the propagation of the acoustic wave, covering thicker fouling generally results in longer time for the propagation of the ultrasonic wave, whereas covering lighter fouling results in shorter time for the propagation of the ultrasonic wave, by analysing the spectrum of the ultrasonic reflected signal, specific types of fouling can be identified, each of which generally produces a unique spectrum pattern, and comparing the spectral distribution of the reflected signal with reference data for known fouling types, thereby determining the type of fouling.

(3) The ultrasonic generator transmits an electrical signal to the ultrasonic transducer, which converts acoustic energy into mechanical vibrations, thereby radiating ultrasonic energy into the fluid medium within the conduit. When the fluid medium is subjected to ultrasonic oscillation, a plurality of cavitation bubbles are generated, energy is accumulated from the formation of the bubbles to the final collapse, and when the bubbles collapse, a large amount of energy is released, so that a large amount of shock waves are generated, and dirt adhered to the inner wall of the pipeline is crushed, so that the descaling effect is achieved.

The beneficial effects of the invention are that

(1) The system has the real-time monitoring function, can monitor the dirt type, position, thickness and the like in the pipeline, enables staff to know the pipeline state in real time, is beneficial to better controlling and planning the next cleaning operation, and greatly improves the descaling efficiency.

(2) The automatic function of the sensor and the control system makes the pipeline cleaning process easier to manage, and reduces the risk of human errors.

(3) The system uses ultrasonic technology, does not need to disassemble or destroy the pipeline, realizes non-invasive operation, can clean the pipeline under the condition of no shutdown, and reduces the risks of production interruption and shutdown.

(4) The system and method utilize ultrasonic technology to effectively detect and remove dirt and deposits from the interior of the pipe. This helps to keep the pipes clean and clear, reducing the maintenance costs of the piping system.

(5) Compared with the traditional chemical cleaning method, the method reduces the environmental burden and simultaneously reduces the energy waste.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pipeline descaling system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a pipeline descaling system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the ultrasonic generator of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a flow chart of the pipeline descaling method of the invention.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The specific implementation process of the scheme of the invention can be listed in a number of cases.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, the pipeline descaling system based on ultrasonic waves comprises a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor and a monitoring platform, wherein a driving mechanism, a control unit, an information acquisition module and an ultrasonic transducer are integrated in the pipeline descaling device, and the ultrasonic generator mainly comprises a signal generator, an amplifier, an impedance matcher and other components.

The monitoring platform is provided with 3 connectors, one communication interface is in information transmission with the ultrasonic generator to realize real-time parameter adjustment in the cleaning process, the other two connectors are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the control unit is electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform through wired cables, and the control unit is provided with 3 connectors which are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform; the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the ultrasonic generator through a wired cable, and the ultrasonic generator is connected with a 220V power supply.

The driving mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is driven by a stepping motor arranged in the device, the stepping motor adopts an ATK-S42H0D0 two-phase four-wire hybrid stepping motor, and the driven wheel is driven along with the driving wheel to assist in driving, so that the device can walk in a pipeline stably.

The monitoring platform is used for realizing the transmission of a system control instruction and the monitoring of the running state in the pipeline and the cleaning condition of the dirt in the pipeline of the descaling device.

After the ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic signals are emitted into the pipeline and electric signals are transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer through the wired cable, and the ultrasonic generator is FY1500.

The sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet, the middle, the outlet and the like of the pipeline and are mainly used for recording ultrasonic reflection signals in the pipeline and transmitting the ultrasonic reflection signals to the control unit, and the sensors adopt HC-SR04 type ultrasonic sensors.

The control unit analyzes and processes the received reflected signals of the sensors and accurately identifies dirt information (such as dirt type, position, thickness and the like) in the pipeline, and the control unit adopts an STM32 control system.

And feeding back dirt information inside the pipeline to a monitoring platform arranged outside the pipeline by adopting a USR-G780s acquisition module.

As shown in fig. 4, the pipeline descaling system is used for descaling, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Firstly, after the pipeline descaling device is stably placed in the pipeline, the ultrasonic generator is started.

(2) The ultrasonic signal propagates along the pipeline axial direction, when encountering the dirt attached to the inner wall of the front pipeline, part of the ultrasonic signal can be reflected back to the sensor, and the sensors (namely the sensor 1, the sensor 2 and the sensor 3) arranged at the inlet, the middle and the tail end of the pipeline can record the time delay, the amplitude and the frequency spectrum of the reflected signal.

(3) The control unit receives ultrasonic reflection signals of the sensor 1, the sensor 2 and the sensor 3 on the inner wall of the pipeline respectively, and can accurately position dirt by comparing time delay and amplitude change between the transmission signal and the reflection signal; estimating the thickness of the scale by measuring the time delay of the propagation of the acoustic wave; by analyzing the spectrum of the ultrasonic reflected signal, specific types of dirt can be identified, and accurate dirt information inside the pipeline can be obtained by using a signal processing algorithm for analysis.

(5) After the monitoring platform acquires specific dirt information, an automatic control algorithm is executed by using a preset cleaning target, a parameter adjustment instruction is sent to the ultrasonic generator through a communication interface, parameters such as the frequency, the amplitude and the power of ultrasonic waves in the ultrasonic generator are automatically adjusted according to the actual dirt adhesion condition in the pipeline, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer, and after the setting of relevant parameters is completed, the monitoring platform sends a starting instruction to the control unit again, so that the ultrasonic transducer is started, and the descaling is started.

(6) After the integral descaling process is finished, the sensor is used again to detect whether residual dirt exists in the pipeline so as to ensure that a final required cleaning target is achieved, and if part of dirt is found to be not completely cleaned, the steps of the method are repeated for further deep cleaning until the final cleaning target is achieved.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the structures of this invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions for those skilled in the art can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention or from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic wave-based pipeline descaling system and method are characterized in that: the descaling system includes: the device comprises a pipeline descaling device, an ultrasonic generator, a sensor and a monitoring platform; the pipeline descaling device mainly comprises a driving mechanism, a control unit, an information acquisition module and an ultrasonic transducer;

the monitoring platform is provided with 3 connectors, one communication interface is in information transmission with the ultrasonic generator to realize real-time parameter adjustment in the cleaning process, the other two connectors are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the control unit is electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform through wired cables, and the control unit is provided with 3 connectors which are respectively and electrically connected with the information acquisition module, the ultrasonic transducer and the monitoring platform; the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the ultrasonic generator through a wired cable, and the ultrasonic generator is connected with a 220V power supply;

the driving mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is driven by a stepping motor arranged in the device, and the driven wheel is driven in an auxiliary way along with the driving wheel, so that the device can walk in a pipeline stably.

2. The ultrasonic-based pipe descaling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit adopts STM32 control system, the ultrasonic generator uses FY1500, the sensor adopts HC-SR04 type ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer adopts sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, step motor adopts ATK-S42H0D0 two-phase four-wire hybrid step motor, adopts USR-G780S collection module to gather pipeline dirt information.

3. The ultrasonic-based pipe descaling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the monitoring platform and the ultrasonic generator are arranged outside the pipeline, the pipeline descaling device is arranged inside the pipeline, and the sensors are arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline and uniformly distributed at the inlet of the pipeline, the middle of the pipeline and the outlet of the pipeline.

4. The ultrasonic-based pipe descaling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the pipeline descaling system selects a sinusoidal alternating current signal with the output voltage amplitude of 500V and the working frequency of 20kHz to 100kHz as a driving signal of an ultrasonic transducer.

5. A method of descaling a system according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) Starting an ultrasonic generator;

(2) The sensor receives and records the ultrasonic signals reflected by the inner wall of the pipeline;

(3) The control unit receives ultrasonic reflection signals of the sensor and analyzes the ultrasonic reflection signals by using a signal processing algorithm to obtain accurate dirt information in the pipeline;

(4) The information acquisition module collects dirt information in the pipeline transmitted by the control unit and feeds the dirt information back to the monitoring platform outside the pipeline;

(5) After specific dirt information is acquired by the monitoring platform, automatically adjusting ultrasonic parameters in the ultrasonic generator according to the actual dirt adhesion condition in the pipeline and transmitting sound waves to the ultrasonic transducer, and sending a starting instruction to the control unit by the monitoring platform to start the ultrasonic transducer, so that the descaling is started;