CN117747877A - Nitrogen-water discharging device for fuel cell and control method thereof - Google Patents

Nitrogen-water discharging device for fuel cell and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117747877A
CN117747877A CN202311835507.4A CN202311835507A CN117747877A CN 117747877 A CN117747877 A CN 117747877A CN 202311835507 A CN202311835507 A CN 202311835507A CN 117747877 A CN117747877 A CN 117747877A
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China
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
humidity
shell
port
fuel cell
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CN202311835507.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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熊荧
全琎
全书海
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Wuhan Hyvitech Co ltd
Haiyi Hydrogen Energy Technology Jiashan Co ltd
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Wuhan Hyvitech Co ltd
Haiyi Hydrogen Energy Technology Jiashan Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311835507.4A priority Critical patent/CN117747877A/en
Publication of CN117747877A publication Critical patent/CN117747877A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nitrogen and water separation device for fuel cell and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems, wherein the device is provided with a shell, an upper end cover, a nitrogen separation membrane tube and a three-way valve, a first port, a second port and a third port are arranged in the three-way valve, the first port is an air inlet, the nitrogen separation membrane tube is arranged in a shell enclosing space and is close to one side of the upper end cover, the three-way valve is arranged at the bottom end of the separation device, one side of the upper end cover is provided with a galvanic pile inlet, and at least one baffle plate parallel to the upper end cover is arranged on the inner side of the shell; a separation plate is vertically arranged along the inner side of the shell and is perpendicular to the upper end cover, a bypass flow passage is formed between the separation plate and the corresponding inner wall of the shell, a separation cavity is formed by enclosing the nitrogen separation membrane tube and the shell, the bypass flow passage is connected with a third port, and a tail exhaust valve is further arranged at the bottom end of the separation device; according to the technical scheme, the nitrogen separation efficiency is greatly improved through the nitrogen separation membrane tube, so that the nitrogen discharge control of the system is more accurate and effective, and unnecessary hydrogen waste is saved.

Description

Nitrogen-water discharging device for fuel cell and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems, in particular to a nitrogen and water discharging device of a fuel cell and a control method thereof.
Background
When the hydrogen fuel cell system operates, liquid water and nitrogen of the cathode can permeate to the anode through the proton exchange membrane, on one hand, excessive liquid water can cause the problem of flooding of the anode, and the reactive area and the fuel mass transfer capacity are affected; on the other hand, too much nitrogen reduces the anode hydrogen partial pressure, resulting in the "hydrogen starvation" problem. Typically, the nitrogen concentration in the anode cannot exceed 10%. Therefore, proper drainage and exhaust strategies are required to be formulated in the whole operation stage of the system, and the high performance and the long service life of the fuel cell are ensured.
In the prior art, the tail discharge valve in the steam-water separator is mostly adopted to simultaneously complete the water discharge and the nitrogen discharge, however, the existing steam-water separator with the structure cannot realize the accurate control of the water discharge and the nitrogen discharge, on one hand, the nitrogen concentration cannot be accurately estimated so as to realize the accurate nitrogen discharge, the tail discharge valve is required to be continuously opened at regular time, on the other hand, the steam-water separation effect cannot be differentially controlled, and therefore, the application provides the nitrogen-water separation device for the fuel cell and the control method thereof, and the nitrogen separation, the enrichment and the accurate nitrogen discharge and the water discharge control are realized to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a nitrogen and water discharging device of a fuel cell and a control method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the nitrogen-water separation device for fuel cell exhaust is provided with a shell and an upper end cover, wherein the shell and the upper end cover enclose a closed space, the nitrogen-water separation device also comprises a nitrogen separation membrane tube and a three-way valve, a first port, a second port and a third port are arranged in the three-way valve, the first port is an air inlet, the nitrogen separation membrane tube is arranged in the enclosure space of the shell and is close to one side of the upper end cover, the three-way valve is arranged at the bottom end of the separation device, one side of the upper end cover is provided with a galvanic pile inlet, and at least one baffle plate parallel to the upper end cover is arranged on the inner side of the shell; the vertical upper end cover along the inner side of the shell is provided with a separation plate, the separation plate and the corresponding inner wall of the shell form a bypass flow passage, the nitrogen separation membrane tube and the shell are enclosed to form a separation cavity, the bypass flow passage is connected with a third port, and the bottom end of the separation device is also provided with a tail exhaust valve.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the side wall of the shell is also provided with a nitrogen concentration sensor.
On the basis of the technical scheme, one side of the bottom of the shell is provided with a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is arranged at a position 5-20mm higher than the outlet position of the tail discharge valve.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the tail valve is also connected with a tail valve controller.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the shell is of a cuboid or cylinder structure, and the shell and the upper end cover appearance structure are matched with each other and are connected through bolts or buckles in a sealing mode.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the second port is communicated with the separation cavity surrounded by the shell and the nitrogen separation membrane tube.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the control method of the nitrogen-water discharging device of the fuel cell comprises the following steps of:
s1, starting a nitrogen-discharging water separation device, and starting control;
s2, setting a humidity condition characterization grade of the galvanic pile, wherein the preset three stages are respectively low humidity, good humidity and high humidity, and entering the next step;
s3, comparing the characterization grades of the current galvanic pile humidity conditions, and respectively classifying and processing according to three characterization grades of low humidity, good humidity and high humidity, if the humidity is low, entering a step S4, and if the humidity is good, entering a step S5, and if the humidity is high, entering a step S6;
s4, the humidity of the electric pile is too low, the current working condition of the electric pile is dry, the three-way valve opens the first port and the third port, high-humidity hydrogen flows back into the electric pile inlet through the bypass flow channel, and the step S7 is carried out;
s5, enabling the humidity of the electric pile to be good, enabling the current electric pile working condition to be good, enabling the three-way valve to open the first port and the second port, enabling hydrogen to flow back into the electric pile inlet through the separation cavity, enabling the separation cavity to separate nitrogen from water vapor, and enabling the separation cavity to enter the step S7;
s6, when the humidity of the electric pile is too high, water is easily blocked under the current electric pile working condition, a tail discharge valve is controlled to be opened, and the step S3 is returned;
s7, whether a liquid level sensor monitors a water level signal in the separation cavity or not, if so, controlling the tail discharge valve to be opened, and if not, entering the next step;
s8, controlling the tail discharge valve to be opened if the nitrogen concentration sensor reaches the threshold value, and controlling the tail discharge valve to be closed if the nitrogen concentration sensor does not reach the threshold value, and returning to the step S3.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the humidity is lower than 50% in terms of relative humidity, the humidity is good at 50-95% in terms of relative humidity, and the gas is higher than 95% in terms of relative humidity.
Based on the technical scheme, in the step S7, the tail valve opening control adopts one-time opening and closing operation, and the tail valve opening time is 2S.
Based on the above technical solution, the tail gate opening control in step S8 is performed intermittently, and each opening/closing operation cycle time is 200ms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the nitrogen and hydrogen separation device for the fuel cell and the control method thereof separate and enrich nitrogen and hydrogen above the tail exhaust port through the nitrogen separation membrane tube, so that the nitrogen discharge control of the system is more accurate and effective, the discharge times are reduced, fuel and hydrogen are saved, and on the other hand, the nitrogen separation membrane tube can also separate a large number of molecular water clusters, the separation efficiency of water vapor is improved, and reasonable humidification can be performed according to the condition of the air inlet humidity, so that the system can dynamically adjust the humidity of the hydrogen in the stack according to requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a sectional A-A structure of a nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a logic block diagram of a control method of a nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-galvanic pile inlet, a 2-nitrogen separation membrane tube, a 3-shell, a 4-baffle, a 5-tail valve controller, a 6-liquid level sensor, a 7-tail valve, an 8-three-way valve, an 81-first port, an 82-second port, an 83-third port, a 9-nitrogen concentration sensor, a 10-upper end cover, an 11-isolation plate, a 12-bypass flow passage and a 13-separation cavity.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Referring to a schematic A-A section structure of a nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell in the embodiment of the present invention shown in fig. 1, the nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell is provided with a housing 3 and an upper end cover 10, wherein the housing 3 and the upper end cover 10 enclose a closed space, and is characterized in that: the nitrogen separation membrane tube 2 is arranged in a surrounding space of the shell 3 and is close to one side of the upper end cover 10, the three-way valve 8 is arranged at the bottom end of the separation device, a galvanic pile inlet 1 is arranged at one side of the upper end cover 10, and at least one baffle 4 parallel to the upper end cover 10 is arranged on the inner side of the shell 3; the vertical upper end cover 10 along the inner side of the shell 3 is provided with a separation plate 11, the separation plate 11 and the corresponding inner wall of the shell 3 form a bypass flow passage 12, the nitrogen separation membrane tube 2 and the shell 3 are enclosed into a separation cavity 13, and the bypass flow passage 12 is connected with a third port 83.
In this embodiment, the side wall of the housing 3 is further provided with a nitrogen concentration sensor 9, as shown in fig. 2, which is a front view of a nitrogen-water separation device for fuel cell exhaust in the embodiment of the invention, and in addition, the side wall of the housing 3 may be further provided with a plurality of nitrogen concentration sensors 9, so as to increase the reliability of the sensor.
Referring to fig. 3, a left side view of a nitrogen-water separation device for fuel cell exhaust in an embodiment of the invention is shown, and a tail exhaust valve 7 is further arranged at the bottom end of the separation device. In this embodiment the tail valve 7 is arranged at the lowest position of the nitrogen and water discharging and separating device, i.e. at the lowest position in the separating chamber 13.
A liquid level sensor 6 is arranged at one side of the bottom of the shell 3, and the liquid level sensor 6 is arranged at a position 5-20mm higher than the outlet position of the tail discharge valve 7.
In this embodiment, the tail valve 7 is also connected to the tail valve controller 5. The nitrogen separation membrane tube 2 is of a net-shaped fiber tube structure and is arranged at the top position in the separation cavity 13, two ends of the nitrogen separation membrane tube 2 are respectively communicated with the galvanic pile inlet 1 and the separation cavity 13, and the nitrogen separation membrane tube 2 is only a nitrogen filtering membrane tube and allows hydrogen to pass through and separate nitrogen.
Referring to fig. 4, which is a perspective view of a nitrogen and water separation device for fuel cell in an embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, the outer casing 3 is in a cuboid or cylindrical structure, and the outer casing 3 and the upper end cover 10 are matched and connected in a sealing manner by bolts or buckles. The housing 3 may also have other polyhedral structures.
In this embodiment, the second port 82 communicates with the separation chamber 13 surrounded by the housing 3 and the nitrogen separation membrane tube 2.
Referring to fig. 5, a logic block diagram of a control method of a nitrogen-water discharging device of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; a control method of a nitrogen-water discharging device of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
s1, starting the nitrogen-discharging water separation device, and starting control.
S2, setting the humidity condition characterization grade of the galvanic pile, wherein the preset three stages are respectively low humidity, good humidity and high humidity, and entering the next step. It should be noted that the humidity level of the electric pile can be further classified and calibrated according to the control requirement, and the humidity control parameters can be adjusted according to the specific application scene and the function requirement.
S3, comparing the current electric pile humidity condition characterization levels, and respectively classifying and processing according to three characterization levels of low humidity, good humidity and high humidity, if the humidity is low, entering a step S4, good humidity, entering a step S5, and if the humidity is high, entering a step S6.
S4, the humidity of the electric pile is too low, the current working condition of the electric pile is dry, the three-way valve 8 opens the first port 81 and the third port 83, and high-humidity hydrogen flows back into the electric pile inlet through the bypass flow channel to enter the step S7.
S5, the humidity of the galvanic pile is good, the current working condition of the galvanic pile is good, the three-way valve opens the first port and the second port, hydrogen flows back into the galvanic pile inlet through the separation cavity 13, the separation cavity 13 separates nitrogen and water vapor, and the step S7 is performed.
S6, when the humidity of the electric pile is too high, water is easily blocked under the current electric pile working condition, the tail discharge valve 7 is controlled to be opened, and the step S3 is returned.
S7, whether the liquid level sensor 6 monitors a water level signal in the separation cavity 13 or not, if so, the tail discharge valve 7 is controlled to be opened, and if not, the next step is carried out.
S8, whether the nitrogen concentration sensor 9 reaches a threshold value or not, if so, the tail discharge valve 7 is controlled to be opened, and if not, the tail discharge valve 7 is controlled to be closed, and the step S3 is returned. The complete closed-loop regulation function is completed, and the system is dynamically controlled in real time according to the running condition of the system until the system is shut down.
In this embodiment, the humidity is lower than 50% and the humidity is higher than 50-95% and the humidity is higher than 95%.
In this embodiment, in step S7, the opening control of the tail gate 7 is performed by one-time opening and closing operation, and the opening time of the tail gate 7 is 2S.
In this embodiment, the tail gate 7 is intermittently operated in step S8, and each open/close cycle time is 200ms.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but a number of modifications and adaptations can be made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, which modifications and adaptations are also considered to be within the scope of the invention. What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fuel cell nitrogen gas water separator that arranges, is equipped with shell (3) and upper end cover (10), and shell (3) and upper end cover (10) enclose into a closed space, its characterized in that: the nitrogen separation membrane device comprises a shell (3), and is characterized by further comprising a nitrogen separation membrane tube (2) and a three-way valve (8), wherein a first port (81), a second port (82) and a third port (83) are arranged in the three-way valve (8), the first port (81) is an air inlet, the nitrogen separation membrane tube (2) is arranged in a surrounding space of the shell (3) and is close to one side of an upper end cover (10), the three-way valve (8) is arranged at the bottom end of the separation device, a galvanic pile inlet (1) is arranged at one side of the upper end cover (10), and at least one baffle (4) parallel to the upper end cover (10) is arranged on the inner side of the shell (3); the vertical upper end cover (10) along the inner side of the shell (3) is provided with a separation plate (11), the separation plate (11) and the corresponding inner wall of the shell (3) form a bypass flow passage (12), the nitrogen separation membrane tube (2) and the shell (3) enclose a separation cavity (13), the bypass flow passage (12) is connected with a third port (83), and the bottom end of the separation device is also provided with a tail exhaust valve (7).
2. A nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust as defined in claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the shell (3) is also provided with a nitrogen concentration sensor (9).
3. A nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust as defined in claim 1, wherein: a liquid level sensor (6) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the shell (3), and the liquid level sensor (6) is arranged at a position 5-20mm higher than the outlet position of the tail discharge valve (7).
4. A nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust as defined in claim 1, wherein: the tail valve (7) is also connected with a tail valve controller (5).
5. A nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust as defined in claim 1, wherein: the shell (3) is of a cuboid or cylinder structure, the appearance structures of the shell (3) and the upper end cover (10) are matched with each other and are connected through bolts or buckles in a sealing mode.
6. A nitrogen-water separator for fuel cell exhaust as defined in claim 1, wherein: the second port (82) is communicated with a separation cavity (13) enclosed by the shell (3) and the nitrogen separation membrane tube (2).
7. A control method of a nitrogen-water separation device for fuel cell exhaust based on any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, starting a nitrogen-discharging water separation device, and starting control;
s2, setting a humidity condition characterization grade of the galvanic pile, wherein the preset three stages are respectively low humidity, good humidity and high humidity, and entering the next step;
s3, comparing the characterization grades of the current galvanic pile humidity conditions, and respectively classifying and processing according to three characterization grades of low humidity, good humidity and high humidity, if the humidity is low, entering a step S4, and if the humidity is good, entering a step S5, and if the humidity is high, entering a step S6;
s4, the humidity of the electric pile is too low, the current working condition of the electric pile is dry, a three-way valve (8) opens a first port (81) and a third port (83), high-humidity hydrogen flows back into an electric pile inlet through a bypass flow channel, and the step S7 is carried out;
s5, enabling the humidity of the electric pile to be good, enabling the current working condition of the electric pile to be good, enabling the three-way valve to open the first port and the second port, enabling hydrogen to flow back into the electric pile inlet through the separation cavity (13), enabling the separation cavity (13) to separate nitrogen from water vapor, and enabling the hydrogen to enter the step S7;
s6, controlling a tail discharge valve (7) to be opened, and returning to the step S3, wherein the humidity of the galvanic pile is too high, and water is easily blocked under the current working condition of the galvanic pile;
s7, whether a liquid level sensor (6) monitors a water level signal in the separation cavity (13) or not, if so, controlling a tail discharge valve (7) to be opened, and if not, entering the next step;
s8, controlling the tail discharge valve (7) to be opened if the nitrogen concentration sensor (9) reaches the threshold value, and controlling the tail discharge valve (7) to be closed if the nitrogen concentration sensor does not reach the threshold value, and returning to the step S3.
8. The control method of a nitrogen-water separation device for fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: the humidity is lower than 50%, the humidity is good, the relative humidity is 50-95%, and the humidity is higher than 95%.
9. The control method of a nitrogen-water separation device for fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step S7, the opening control of the tail discharge valve (7) adopts one-time opening and closing operation, and the opening time of the tail discharge valve (7) is 2S.
10. The control method of a nitrogen-water separation device for fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step S8, the tail valve (7) is intermittently operated, and each open/close operation cycle time is 200ms.
CN202311835507.4A 2023-12-28 2023-12-28 Nitrogen-water discharging device for fuel cell and control method thereof Pending CN117747877A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311835507.4A CN117747877A (en) 2023-12-28 2023-12-28 Nitrogen-water discharging device for fuel cell and control method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311835507.4A CN117747877A (en) 2023-12-28 2023-12-28 Nitrogen-water discharging device for fuel cell and control method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117747877A true CN117747877A (en) 2024-03-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311835507.4A Pending CN117747877A (en) 2023-12-28 2023-12-28 Nitrogen-water discharging device for fuel cell and control method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117747877A (en)

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