CN117740490A - Preparation method of undisturbed sample of broken rock mass - Google Patents
Preparation method of undisturbed sample of broken rock mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN117740490A CN117740490A CN202311596576.4A CN202311596576A CN117740490A CN 117740490 A CN117740490 A CN 117740490A CN 202311596576 A CN202311596576 A CN 202311596576A CN 117740490 A CN117740490 A CN 117740490A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an undisturbed sample of a broken rock body, which comprises the steps of cutting and polishing the obtained on-site fault broken rock body to form a plurality of round cakes; selecting a material for manufacturing a mould according to the mechanical property of the field fault broken rock mass, and manufacturing the mould; the die is a hollow cylinder with an opening at the top and a closed bottom; the inner diameter of the die is equal to the diameter of the round cake, the outer diameter of the die is equal to the diameter of the standard cylindrical sample, and the height of the die is equal to the height of the standard cylindrical sample; stacking all the round cakes in a die, and filling adhesive between the round cakes and between the round cakes and the die; and curing the die with the round cake, so that the binder is fully hardened, the die and the round cake are ensured to be integrated, and the original sample of the broken rock mass is obtained. The prepared sample ensures the original structure and the integrity of broken rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mechanics test preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a broken rock body undisturbed sample constructed in a sealing manner.
Background
Rock is one of main constituent elements of the earth, and the mechanical property of the rock plays a vital role in engineering construction and geological disaster prevention and control. In particular in the construction of large infrastructure projects, such as tunnels, bridges, dams and underground plants, accurate knowledge of the mechanical properties of the rock is of paramount importance. In addition, the mechanical properties of rock play a key role in the prevention and centering of geological disasters such as landslides, earthquakes and rock falls.
In order to study the mechanical properties of rock deeply, researchers and engineers need to rely on high quality, highly repeatable rock samples for laboratory experiments. However, breaking rock mass as a common but irregular state in rock, its preparation faces a great challenge. Conventional sampling methods generally only obtain relatively uniform and continuous rock samples, and for breaking up rock masses, these conventional methods generally do not accurately capture their original state and mechanical properties. Therefore, it is difficult to prepare a sample that meets the standard requirements of the indoor rock mechanics testing machine. This limitation has led to the fact that knowledge of the mechanical properties of the fractured rock mass is often incomplete and inaccurate in practical engineering applications and scientific research. This may not only affect the safety and reliability of the project, but may also lead to waste of resources and destruction of the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an undisturbed sample of a crushed rock mass, which aims to solve the problem that the conventional sample preparation method cannot accurately capture the original state and mechanical properties of the crushed rock mass, so that the method cannot be suitable for preparation of the crushed rock mass sample.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a crushed rock undisturbed sample comprises the following steps:
acquiring a field fault broken rock mass;
cutting and polishing the field fault broken rock body to form a plurality of round cakes, wherein the diameter of each round cake is smaller than that of a standard cylindrical sample, and the sum of the heights of all round cakes is smaller than that of the standard cylindrical sample;
selecting a material for manufacturing a mould according to the mechanical property of the field fault broken rock mass, and manufacturing the mould; the die is a hollow cylinder with an opening at the top and a closed bottom; the inner diameter of the die is equal to the diameter of the round cake, the outer diameter of the die is equal to the diameter of the standard cylindrical sample, and the height of the die is equal to the height of the standard cylindrical sample;
placing all the tortillas in the mold in a stacked manner, and filling adhesive between the tortillas and the mold;
and curing the die with the cake, so that the binder is fully hardened, and the die and the cake are integrated, thereby obtaining the original sample of the broken rock mass.
Further, a sidewall cutter is adopted to sample the sidewall, and the on-site fault broken rock mass is obtained.
Further, when the heights of the pancakes are equal, the number of the pancakes is:
wherein N is the number of round cakes, h s Height of standard cylindrical sample, h i At the height of a single wafer,to round down the symbol.
Further, the number of the round cakes is 5.
Further, the mold is fabricated using 3D printing techniques.
Further, the material is a translucent photosensitive resin.
Further, the thickness of the die is 5-10 mm.
Further, when the prepared undisturbed sample of the broken rock mass is used for a seepage stress coupling triaxial mechanical test, a seepage port is arranged at the bottom of the die.
Further, the binder is white cement mortar.
Further, the curing conditions of the mold with the cake inside are as follows: the curing environment temperature is 20+/-2 ℃, the humidity of the white cement mortar is not lower than 95%, and the length of the white cement mortar is longer than or equal to 28 days during curing.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the original-state sample of the broken rock mass prepared by the invention is composed of a plurality of stacked round cakes and a die outside the round cakes, the round cakes are obtained by cutting and polishing after being sampled on site through the side wall, and the original-state sample is more close to the actual engineering state, so that the problems that the rock mass is broken easily when the core is used for preparing the sample and the drilling vibration is used for disturbing the rock mass to influence the original state and the mechanical property of the rock mass are avoided; according to the invention, the stacked round cakes are bonded through the adhesive, so that the original state and mechanical properties of the rock mass are not influenced, the integrity and repeatability of the original sample of the broken rock mass are ensured, and the reliability and practical value of the triaxial mechanical test of the rock are improved.
According to the invention, a 3D printing technology is adopted and semitransparent photosensitive resin is used for manufacturing the cylindrical mold, so that the accurate matching between the mold and the laminated round cake is ensured, and the accuracy and the repeatability of the sample are improved;
compared with the traditional manual or semi-automatic sampling method, the method can prepare high-quality samples more quickly, and simultaneously reduces the labor and material cost; can accurately prepare various broken rock mass samples, and is widely applicable to sample preparation in the fields of geological engineering, rock mechanics and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawing in the description below is only one embodiment of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an undisturbed sample of a crushed rock mass in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mold structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a wafer stack placed in a mold in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent and fully by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is shown, however, only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The technical scheme of the present application is described in detail below with specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the undisturbed sample of the crushed rock body provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: representative in situ fault fractured rock mass was obtained by in situ sampling.
Traditional rock mass sampling generally comprises drilling coring sampling, manual sampling (a hammer and a chisel), portable rock saw sampling and the like, drilling is needed to be carried out on a rock core, disturbance exists in the drilling process, physical properties of a rock mass can be possibly changed, meanwhile, the broken rock mass is easy to break in the drilling process, and a complete sample cannot be obtained; manual sampling can easily cause the internal structure of the crushed rock to be damaged or disturbed when using a hammer and a chisel; portable rock saw sampling is generally suitable for obtaining hard rock of larger size, and none of these sampling methods is suitable for sampling undisturbed samples of crushed rock.
The present embodiment employs a sidewall cutter for sidewall sampling to obtain an in situ tomographic rock mass. Sidewall sampling enables more accurate acquisition of fractured rock mass from a particular depth and location relative to coring sampling, is more flexible, and facilitates investigation of areas with complex geological structures (e.g., faults around hydroelectric dams); the sidewall cutter usually adopts a small-sized cutting head (such as a diamond or hard alloy cutting head), the tool can be fixed on the sidewall and cut a block-shaped rock mass sample from the cutting head, and the cutting vibration is small for a specific area, so that the disturbance on the internal structure and composition of the rock mass sample is small, and the original state and mechanical property of the rock mass can be better kept; the side wall sampling speed is higher, the time of exposing the interior of the sample to external conditions (such as oxygen, humidity and the like) is shorter, and the rock mass internal disturbance is reduced; the sidewall cutters are low invasive devices that do not readily cause cracking, compression, or other forms of disturbance within the rock mass.
Step 2: cutting and polishing the field fault broken rock mass to form a plurality of round cakes.
Cutting and polishing ensure smooth and flat surfaces of the round cakes, and avoid damage to the shape and the internal structure of the rock mass as much as possible. The size and the number of the round cakes are determined by the standard cylindrical samples, and the size of the structure formed by integrating the round cakes and the die is the same as that of the standard cylindrical samples. When the heights of the circular cakes are equal, the number of the circular cakes is as follows:
wherein N is the number of round cakes, h s Height of standard cylindrical sample, h i At the height of a single wafer,to round down the symbol.
Taking a standard cylindrical sample in engineering rock mass test method Standard (GB/T50266-2013) as an example, the diameter of the standard cylindrical sample is 50mm, and the height of the standard cylindrical sample is 100mm. In order to prepare an undisturbed sample of crushed rock mass having the same dimensions as the standard cylindrical sample, the diameter of the round cake is smaller than the diameter of the standard cylindrical sample, and the sum of the heights of all round cakes is smaller than the height of the standard cylindrical sample. In the embodiment, the diameter of the round cakes is 40-45 mm, the height of the round cakes is 18-19 mm, the number of the round cakes is 5, the size and the number of the round cakes are convenient for acquiring the on-site fault broken rock mass on one hand, and on the other hand, the prepared broken rock mass undisturbed sample is mainly composed of the broken rock mass, so that the influence of other materials (such as a mould material and a binder) on the original state and mechanical properties of the rock mass is avoided.
Step 3: and selecting a material for manufacturing the mould according to the mechanical property of the field fault broken rock mass, and manufacturing the mould.
In this embodiment, the material used to make the mold is a translucent photosensitive resin, which is a rigid, hard translucent material that has the properties of engineering plastics, and can be used to make accurate, high-definition models and very small details, consistent with durability and stability in functional testing and rapid prototyping applications. The 3D printing technology is adopted to manufacture the die, so that the real die can be automatically, quickly, directly and accurately manufactured according to the three-dimensional design in the computer, the die development period is effectively shortened, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the mold 1 is a hollow cylinder with an open top and a closed bottom, and is provided with a seepage port 3 at the bottom (if the prepared sample is used for a seepage stress coupling triaxial mechanical test, the bottom of the mold needs to be provided with the seepage port). The inner diameter of the die 1 is equal to the diameter of the round cake 2, the outer diameter of the die 1 is equal to the diameter of the standard cylindrical sample, and the height of the die 1 is equal to the height of the standard cylindrical sample, so that the size of the structure formed by integrating the round cake 2 and the die 1 is the same as the size of the standard cylindrical sample, and the specified requirement of the triaxial mechanical test sample of the rock of 50mm multiplied by 100mm (diameter multiplied by height) in the engineering rock mass test method standard (GB/T50266-2013) is met.
Too thick a mold can affect the mechanical properties of the rock mass and too thin can lead to instability of the overall structure. In order to avoid the influence of the mold on the mechanical properties of the rock mass and ensure the integrity of the sample, and avoid the easy breaking of the whole sample, in this embodiment, the thickness of the mold (i.e. the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the mold) is 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the bottom of the mold is also 5-10 mm.
Step 4: all the tortillas are stacked in a mold, and adhesive is filled between tortillas and mold.
As shown in fig. 3, the stacked tortilla 2 is placed in the mold 1, and the adhesive is filled between the tortilla 2 and between the tortilla 2 and the mold 1, so that the tortilla 2 and between the tortilla 2 and the mold 1 are completely adhered, and the strength of the sample is ensured.
In this embodiment, the binder is white cement mortar, which is mainly used for packaging nesting and bonding in the sample preparation process, the usage amount is small, most of white cement mortar is smeared in the gap between the round cake 2 and the die 1, the white cement mortar directly contacting with the inside of the round cake 2 is relatively small, and the white cement is a low-activity material and does not react with the round cake 2 chemically.
The white cement mortar is mainly used for filling gaps and has cementing effect. The cementing between the mould and the round cake generally does not affect important mechanical parameters (such as compressive strength, internal friction angle, elastic modulus, cohesive force and the like) of the rock, while the white cement mortar adopted between the round cake and the round cake only contacts with the surface layer of the rock, so that the influence on the inside of the rock is small, and the physical interference is small.
Step 5: and curing the die with the round cake, so that the binder is fully hardened, the die and the round cake are ensured to be integrated, and an undisturbed sample of the crushed rock mass is obtained, so that the requirements of a triaxial mechanical test of the rock or a triaxial mechanical test of seepage stress coupling are met.
In this embodiment, the curing conditions of the mold with the wafer built therein are: the curing environment temperature is 20+/-2 ℃, the humidity of the white cement mortar is not lower than 95%, and the curing time is longer than or equal to 28 days, so that the adhesive is fully hardened and the integration of the die and the wafer is ensured. The humidity of the white cement mortar is kept to be not lower than 95% by means of water spraying, sprinkling, watering and the like
The cake sample is derived from a representative fault broken rock body obtained on site, a side wall cutter is adopted for sampling the side wall, and the initial state of the broken rock body is protected as much as possible in the sampling process; the bonding agent is used for filling and bonding between the die and the round cake and between the round cake and the round cake, so that not only can the gaps possibly existing be filled, but also the external disturbance to the sample in the subsequent test can be reduced. Meanwhile, the white cement mortar is adopted as the binder, and has small influence on the inside of the rock and small physical interference, so that the original state and mechanical properties of the broken rock are protected as much as possible in the sample preparation process, and therefore, the preparation of the sample by adopting the method disclosed by the invention ensures the original state and mechanical properties of the rock as much as possible, and the method is applicable to the weaker broken rock.
The prepared sample ensures the original structure and integrity of broken rock, can be directly used for rock mechanical test, and improves the accuracy and repeatability of test data.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an undisturbed sample of a crushed rock mass, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring a field fault broken rock mass;
cutting and polishing the field fault broken rock body to form a plurality of round cakes, wherein the diameter of each round cake is smaller than that of a standard cylindrical sample, and the sum of the heights of all round cakes is smaller than that of the standard cylindrical sample;
selecting a material for manufacturing a mould according to the mechanical property of the field fault broken rock mass, and manufacturing the mould; the die is a hollow cylinder with an opening at the top and a closed bottom; the inner diameter of the die is equal to the diameter of the round cake, the outer diameter of the die is equal to the diameter of the standard cylindrical sample, and the height of the die is equal to the height of the standard cylindrical sample;
placing all the tortillas in the mold in a stacked manner, and filling adhesive between the tortillas and the mold;
and curing the die with the cake, so that the binder is fully hardened, and the die and the cake are integrated, thereby obtaining the original sample of the broken rock mass.
2. The method for preparing an undisturbed sample of a fractured rock mass according to claim 1, wherein a sidewall cutter is used to sample the sidewall to obtain an in situ fault fractured rock mass.
3. The method for preparing a crushed rock mass undisturbed sample according to claim 1, wherein when the heights of the round cakes are equal, the number of round cakes is:
wherein N is the number of round cakes, h s Height of standard cylindrical sample, h i At the height of a single wafer,to round down the symbol.
4. The method for preparing a raw sample of crushed rock according to claim 1, wherein the number of round cakes is 5.
5. The method for preparing an undisturbed sample of a crushed rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the mould is fabricated using 3D printing techniques.
6. The method for preparing a raw sample of crushed rock according to claim 1, wherein the material is a semitransparent light sensitive resin.
7. The method for preparing an undisturbed sample of crushed rock according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the mould is 5-10 mm.
8. The method for preparing an undisturbed sample of a crushed rock according to claim 1, wherein when the prepared undisturbed sample of the crushed rock is used for a seepage stress coupling triaxial mechanical test, a seepage port is arranged at the bottom of the die.
9. The method for preparing an undisturbed sample of crushed rock according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the binder is white cement mortar.
10. The method for preparing an undisturbed sample of crushed rock according to claim 9, wherein the maintenance conditions of the mould with the cake built therein are as follows: the curing environment temperature is 20+/-2 ℃, the humidity of the white cement mortar is not lower than 95%, and the length of the white cement mortar is longer than or equal to 28 days during curing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311596576.4A CN117740490A (en) | 2023-11-27 | 2023-11-27 | Preparation method of undisturbed sample of broken rock mass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311596576.4A CN117740490A (en) | 2023-11-27 | 2023-11-27 | Preparation method of undisturbed sample of broken rock mass |
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| CN117740490A true CN117740490A (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| CN202311596576.4A Pending CN117740490A (en) | 2023-11-27 | 2023-11-27 | Preparation method of undisturbed sample of broken rock mass |
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| CN (1) | CN117740490A (en) |
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- 2023-11-27 CN CN202311596576.4A patent/CN117740490A/en active Pending
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