CN117738595A - Drilling shock-absorbing torsion drilling tool, drilling device and application - Google Patents
Drilling shock-absorbing torsion drilling tool, drilling device and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN117738595A CN117738595A CN202211119818.6A CN202211119818A CN117738595A CN 117738595 A CN117738595 A CN 117738595A CN 202211119818 A CN202211119818 A CN 202211119818A CN 117738595 A CN117738595 A CN 117738595A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 220
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a drilling shock-absorbing torsion drilling tool, a drilling device and application. In the tool, a central shaft assembly is in dynamic sealing fit with a shell assembly, the central shaft assembly is provided with an external spline, and the shell assembly is provided with an internal spline; the elastic piece surrounds the central shaft assembly, the shell assembly is provided with a first step surface and a second step surface, and the central shaft assembly is provided with a third step surface; the sheath is attached to the shell assembly, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the sheath can be respectively abutted against the first step face and the upper end face of the elastic piece; the upper end face of the elastic piece can be abutted against the lower end face of the external spline, and the lower end face of the elastic piece can be abutted against the second step face and the third step face; the central shaft assembly is provided with a spiral edge, the impact hammer body is of an annular structure, the impact hammer body is provided with a spiral groove, the impact hammer body is provided with a first protruding part, the shell assembly comprises an annular groove, and the annular groove is provided with a second protruding part; the hammer body is driven by the spiral edge to rotate circumferentially in the annular groove, so that the first protruding part knocks the second protruding part.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of drilling, and particularly relates to a drilling shock-absorbing torsion-absorbing drilling tool, a drilling device and application.
Background
During drilling, the drill bit cuts and damages rock under the action of weight on bit and torque to generate vibration, the service lives of the drill bit and a related drilling tool in the drill string can be greatly reduced due to the influence of vibration, and the vibration also brings great risks to drilling construction. Particularly, in the process of drilling in a hard stratum, the drill bit has shallow penetration into the stratum and high rock breaking difficulty, and obvious stick-slip effect can be generated when vibration is generated, so that the problems of poor rock breaking effect, low mechanical drilling speed and poor borehole quality of the drill bit can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor finds that the conventional method for inhibiting the vibration of the underground drilling tool is generally realized by controlling the drilling pressure or the rotating speed, and the method has poor vibration inhibiting effect and low mechanical drilling speed. For example, a method of connecting a hydraulic pressurizer in a drilling tool and converting the bit pressure into hydraulic flexible pressurization by using the hydraulic pressurizer can alleviate the problem of axial vibration of the drilling tool in the drilling process of a hard stratum to a certain extent, but because the bit pressure generated by the hydraulic pressurizer is related to the pressure consumption of a lower drilling tool assembly, the hydraulic pressurizer has certain requirements on the placement position and the type and arrangement mode of the drilling tool assembly connected with the lower part, and in the working process, the hydraulic pressurizer needs to consume water power and can not alleviate the stick-slip effect. For example, by adopting a method of connecting a torsional impact tool in a drilling tool, the torsional impact tool can play roles of preventing slipping and improving the mechanical drilling speed, but the tool needs to consume larger hydraulic energy, and the tool does not have the effect of reducing the vibration of the drilling tool and cannot play a role of protecting the drilling tool. In view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a drilling shock absorbing and torsion-absorbing drilling tool, a drilling device and an application thereof, so as to solve or partially solve the above problems, and the technical solutions proposed in the present application are as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a drilling shock absorber and torque absorber drilling tool comprising: the device comprises a shell assembly, a central shaft assembly, an elastic piece and a hammer body;
the central shaft assembly is in dynamic seal fit with the shell assembly, the central shaft assembly is provided with an external spline, the shell assembly is correspondingly provided with an internal spline, and the internal spline is matched with the external spline;
the elastic piece surrounds the central shaft assembly, the shell assembly is provided with a first step surface and a second step surface, and the central shaft assembly is provided with a third step surface;
the sheath is attached to the shell assembly, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the sheath can be respectively abutted against the first step face and the upper end face of the elastic piece;
the upper end face of the elastic piece can be abutted against the lower end face of the external spline, and the lower end face of the elastic piece can be abutted against the second step face and the third step face;
the central shaft assembly is provided with a spiral edge, the impact hammer body is of an annular structure, the impact hammer body is provided with a spiral groove corresponding to the spiral edge, the impact hammer body is provided with a first protruding part, the shell assembly comprises an annular groove, the impact hammer body is arranged in the annular groove, and the annular groove is provided with a second protruding part;
the impact hammer body can axially move relative to the central shaft assembly under the drive of the shell assembly and circumferentially rotate in the annular groove under the drive of the spiral rib, so that impact is generated on the shell assembly under the condition that the first protruding portion knocks the second protruding portion.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the central shaft assembly includes a first central shaft and a second central shaft fixedly connected;
a through fluid channel is arranged in the first central shaft and the second central shaft;
the first central shaft is provided with the external spline;
the second central shaft is provided with the spiral rib;
the lower outer diameter of the first central shaft is smaller than the upper outer diameter of the second central shaft to form the third step surface.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the housing assembly includes a first housing and a second housing connected;
the inner diameter of the lower part of the first shell is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper part of the second shell so as to form the first step surface;
the middle part of second casing is provided with first boss, the up end of first boss forms the second step face.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the drilling shock absorber and torsional drilling tool further comprises: a sheath;
the sheath is attached to the second shell, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the sheath can be respectively abutted to the first step face and the upper end face of the elastic piece.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the drilling shock absorber and torsional drilling tool further comprises: anti-falling blocks;
the first center shaft is provided with the partial area of external spline is provided with prevents falling the piece holding tank, prevent falling the piece set up in prevent falling the piece holding tank, just prevent falling the piece with the sheath contacts.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the housing assembly further comprises a third housing connected to the second housing; the lower part of the second shell is also provided with a step part, and the inner diameter of the upper part of the third shell is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower part of the second shell so as to form the annular groove.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the drilling shock absorber and torsional drilling tool further comprises: a limiting ring;
the limiting ring is arranged in the annular groove, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the limiting ring are respectively contacted with the upper end faces of the hammer body and the third shell.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the drilling shock absorber and torsional drilling tool further comprises: a lower joint fixedly connected with the third shell;
the lower joint is used for connecting a lower drilling tool, and the inner diameter of the lower joint is larger than the outer diameter of the second central shaft.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the drilling shock absorber and torsional drilling tool further comprises: a first dynamic seal and a second dynamic seal;
the first dynamic seal member is arranged between the first shell and the first central shaft;
the second dynamic seal is disposed between the third housing and the second central shaft.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the drilling shock absorber and torsional drilling tool further comprises: an oiling plug body;
the first shell is provided with an oil filling hole, and the oil filling plug body is fixed to the oil filling hole.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the upper end of the first central shaft is provided with a threaded connection for connecting to an upper drill.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the upper and lower end surfaces of the ram are chrome plated surfaces.
In a second aspect, the present application proposes a drilling apparatus comprising an upper drilling tool, a lower drilling tool, and a drilling shock absorbing torsional drill as described above;
the drilling shock-absorbing torsion-absorbing drilling tool is respectively connected with the upper drilling tool and the lower drilling tool.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of the drilling shock-absorbing torsional drilling tool in drilling.
Based on the technical scheme, the beneficial effect of this application compared with prior art is:
the utility model provides a drilling shock attenuation swashs drilling tool, include through spline structure matched with casing subassembly and center pin subassembly, set up the elastic component and the hammer block that dashes between casing subassembly and center pin subassembly, the spiral recess of this hammer block that dashes cooperatees with the spiral arris of center pin subassembly. The drilling shock-absorbing torsional drilling tool can be connected with a drill bit, and in the drilling process, when the drilling tool vibrates upwards or downwards, the shell component and the central shaft component move relatively to compress the elastic piece, and the elastic piece absorbs part of axial vibration, so that further transmission of vibration impact force is inhibited, and the influence of vibration on the drilling tool is reduced; under the condition that vibration is severe, along with upward or downward movement of the shell component, the impact hammer body is driven to rotate along the circumferential direction of the central shaft component, the linear lead is converted into rotary lead movement, when the first protruding part of the impact hammer body knocks the second protruding part of the shell component, torsional impact force is generated on the shell component, the torsional impact force is downwards transmitted to the drill bit by the shell component, and the stronger vibration is, the better the excited torsional impact force effect is, and the stick-slip effect when the drill bit drills can be effectively relieved.
The utility model provides a drilling shock attenuation swashs drilling tool, instrument simple structure can be applied to hard stratum drilling, this drilling tool is suitable for installing in the position of drilling tool combination's nearly drill bit, in the course of the work, need not consume the water conservancy, need not to restrain weight on bit or rotational speed, just can realize absorbing harmful axial vibrations, play the effect of protection drilling tool, simultaneously, turn into torsional impact force with vibrations through the hammer body of punching, eliminate the adverse effect of stick-slip effect, play shock attenuation, the effect of preventing the slip, can realize extension drill bit life, and improve the purpose of mechanical drilling rate, use this drilling shock attenuation swashs drilling tool, be favorable to improving the wellbore quality, play the effect of guarantee drilling operation safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a drilling shock absorber torque drilling tool provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A of the drilling shock absorber torque drilling tool shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the B-section structure of the drilling shock absorber torque drilling tool shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the C-section structure of the drilling shock absorber torque drill shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic A-A cross-sectional view of the drilling shock absorber torque drilling tool shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6A is a schematic view of a cross-sectional B-B configuration of the drilling shock absorber torque drilling tool of FIG. 1;
fig. 6B is a schematic diagram of a B-B cross-sectional structure of the drilling shock absorber torque drilling tool shown in fig. 1.
Wherein:
1 is a first central shaft, 101 is an external spline, 2 is a first shell, 201 is an internal spline, 202 is a first step surface, 3 is a sheath, 4 is an anti-drop block, 5 is an elastic piece, 6 is a second shell, 601 is an annular groove, 602 is a second boss, 603 is a second step surface 603, 604 is a first boss, 605 is a step, 7 is a second central shaft, 701 is a spiral rib, 702 is a third step surface 702,8 is a hammer body, 801 is a spiral groove, 802 is a first boss, 9 is a limiting ring, 10 is a third shell, 11 is a lower joint, 12 is a first dynamic seal piece, 13 is a plug body, 14 is a locking pin, 15 is a sealing ring, 16 is a second dynamic seal piece, and 17 is a fluid channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a drilling shock absorber and torsion drill, and referring to fig. 1-6B, the drilling shock absorber and torsion drill includes: a housing assembly (not shown), a central shaft assembly (not shown), a sheath 3, an elastic member 5 and a hammer body 8;
the central shaft assembly is in dynamic seal fit with the shell assembly, the central shaft assembly is provided with an external spline 101, the shell assembly is correspondingly provided with an internal spline 201, and the internal spline 201 is matched with the external spline 101;
the elastic piece 5 surrounds the central shaft assembly, the shell assembly is provided with a first step surface 202 and a second step surface 603, and the central shaft assembly is provided with a third step surface 702;
the protector 3 is attached to the shell assembly, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the protector 3 can be respectively abutted against the first step face 202 and the upper end face of the elastic piece 5;
the upper end surface of the elastic member 5 can abut against the lower end surface of the external spline 101, and the lower end surface of the elastic member 5 can abut against the second step surface 603 and the third step surface 702;
the central shaft assembly is provided with a spiral edge 701, the impact hammer body 8 is of an annular structure, the impact hammer body 8 is provided with a spiral groove 801 corresponding to the spiral edge 701, the impact hammer body 8 is provided with a first protruding part 802, the shell assembly comprises an annular groove 601, the impact hammer body 8 is arranged in the annular groove 601, and the annular groove 601 is provided with a second protruding part 602;
the impact hammer 8 can move axially relative to the central shaft assembly under the drive of the housing assembly, and rotate circumferentially in the annular groove 601 under the action of the spiral rib 701, so as to impact the housing assembly when the first boss 802 strikes the second boss 602.
In this embodiment, the elastic member 5 is accommodated in the cavity between the lower end face of the sheath 3, the lower end face of the external spline 101, the second step face 603 and the third step face 702, or stated another way, the accommodating cavity of the elastic member 5 is formed between the lower end face of the sheath 3, the lower end face of the external spline 101, the second step face 603 and the third step face 702. In the working process, the upper end surface of the elastic member 5 will abut against the lower end surface of the sheath 3 or the lower end surface of the external spline 101, the lower end surface of the elastic member 5 will abut against the second step surface 603 or the third step surface 702, and of course, in the critical state, the upper end surface of the elastic member 5 may abut against the lower end surface of the sheath 3 and the lower end surface of the external spline 101 at the same time, and the lower end surface of the elastic member 5 may abut against the second step surface 603 and the third step surface 702 at the same time. Specifically, when the central shaft assembly moves up or down under the condition of the axial force applied to the drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool, the housing assembly and the central shaft assembly move relatively in the axial direction, and the elastic member 5 is compressed under the force, so that the elastic member 5 abuts between the lower end surface of the sheath 3 and the third step surface 702, and/or the elastic member 5 abuts between the lower end surface of the external spline 101 and the second step surface 603.
The drilling shock-absorbing torsion-absorbing drilling tool provided by the invention comprises a shell component and a central shaft component which are matched through a spline structure, an elastic piece 5 and a hammer body 8, wherein the elastic piece 5 and the hammer body 8 are arranged between the shell component and the central shaft component, and a spiral groove 801 of the hammer body 8 is matched with a spiral edge 701 of the central shaft component. The drilling shock-absorbing torsional drilling tool can be connected with a drill bit, and in the drilling process, when the drilling tool vibrates upwards or downwards, the shell component and the central shaft component move relatively to compress the elastic piece 5, and the elastic piece 5 absorbs part of axial vibration, so that further transmission of vibration impact force is inhibited, and the influence of vibration on the drilling tool is reduced; under the condition that vibration is severe, along with upward or downward movement of the shell component, the impact hammer 8 is driven to rotate along the circumferential direction of the central shaft component, the linear lead is converted into rotary lead movement, when the first protruding part 802 of the impact hammer 8 knocks the second protruding part 602 of the shell component, torsion impact force is generated on the shell component and is downwards transmitted to a drill bit by the shell component, and the stronger vibration is, the better the effect of the excited torsion impact force is, and the stick-slip effect when the drill bit drills can be effectively relieved.
The drilling shock-absorbing torsion-absorbing drilling tool provided by the invention has a simple tool structure, can be applied to hard stratum drilling, is suitable for being arranged at a position close to a drill bit of a drilling tool assembly, can be directly arranged on the drill bit, does not need to consume hydraulic power in the working process, does not need to inhibit drilling pressure or rotating speed, can realize the effect of absorbing harmful axial shock, plays a role of protecting the drilling tool, simultaneously converts shock into torsional impact force through the hammer 8, eliminates the adverse effect of stick-slip effect, plays the effects of absorbing shock and preventing slip, can realize the purposes of prolonging the service life of the drill bit and improving the mechanical drilling speed, and is beneficial to improving the quality of a well hole and playing a role of guaranteeing the safety of drilling operation.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the elastic member 5 may be a disc spring, which surrounds the central shaft assembly. When the central shaft component moves upwards or downwards, the disc spring is elastically deformed, so that the disc spring can absorb the upward or downward axial vibration, further transmission of vibration impact force is restrained, and the influence of vibration on the drilling tool is reduced.
In a specific embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 1 and 3, the central shaft assembly includes a first central shaft 1 and a second central shaft 7 fixedly connected;
a through fluid passage 17 is provided in the first center shaft 1 and the second center shaft 7;
the first central shaft 1 is provided with the external spline 101;
the second central shaft 7 is provided with the spiral rib 701;
the lower outer diameter of the first central shaft 1 is smaller than the upper outer diameter of the second central shaft 7 to form the third step surface 702.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a male thread is provided at the lower part of the first central shaft 1, a female thread is provided at the upper part of the second central shaft 7, and the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 are screwed and fixed.
In an alternative embodiment, the male thread provided at the lower end of the first central shaft 1 is a tapered male thread, and the female thread provided at the upper end of the second central shaft 7 is a tapered female thread, so as to ensure that the drilling shock-absorbing and torque-absorbing drilling tool of the first central shaft 1 further includes: a tightening pin 14, the tightening pin 14 being adapted to fix the conical internal thread and the conical external thread.
Referring to fig. 1, the upper end of the first center shaft 1 is provided with a screw connection portion for connecting an upper drill.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the buckle thread of the threaded connection portion provided at the upper end of the first central shaft 1 is a tapered thread, the lower end of the tapered thread is a tapered structure with a radius gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the lower end of the tapered structure is a through hole with a certain radius, so as to form a fluid channel 17 communicating with the second central shaft 7.
In this embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate setting up the button thread of this threaded connection portion on the upper portion of the first center shaft 1, and set up the above-mentioned external spline 101 in the middle part of this first center shaft 1, the 1 upper portion of this first center shaft 1 sets up two step faces that diminish from top to bottom external diameter, increase the external diameter on the upper portion of the first center shaft 1, thereby the preparation of the button thread of threaded connection portion of being convenient for, and reduce the external diameter of the middle part and the lower part of the first center shaft 1, then be convenient for set up foretell external spline 101 in the middle part of the first center shaft 1, make the first center shaft 1 can the transmission moment of torsion.
In this embodiment, a step portion is disposed on the second central shaft 7, so that the outer diameter of the upper portion of the second central shaft 7 is greater than the outer diameter of the lower portion, and the second central shaft 7 is a hollow shaft, and female threads are disposed on the upper portion of the hollow shaft to connect the first central shaft 1, and a through hole with a certain radius is disposed on the lower portion of the hollow shaft, so as to form a fluid channel 17 communicating with the first central shaft 1.
In the embodiment of the present application, the diameters of the through holes of the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 may be the same.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6A and 6B, a plurality of sets of the spiral ribs 701 are disposed at the lower portion of the second central shaft 7 to cooperate with the impact hammer 8.
In a specific embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 1-3, the housing assembly includes a first housing 2 and a second housing 6 connected;
the lower inner diameter of the first housing 2 is smaller than the upper inner diameter of the second housing 6 to form the first step surface 202;
a first boss 604 is disposed in the middle of the second housing 6, and an upper end surface of the first boss 604 forms the second step surface 603.
In this embodiment, the lower portion of the first housing 2 is provided with a male thread, the upper portion of the second housing 6 is provided with a female thread, and the first housing 2 and the second housing 6 are fixedly connected by threads. Specifically, the male thread at the lower part of the first housing 2 and the female thread at the upper part of the second housing 6 may be tapered threads.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the upper end of the first housing 2 has a circular ring structure, the above-mentioned internal spline 201 is disposed in the first housing 2, and the internal spline 201 is matched with the external spline 101 at the middle part of the first central shaft 1 in structural size, so as to realize that torque is transmitted through spline matching when the first central shaft 1 rotates.
In the embodiment of the present application, the specific structures of the internal spline 201 of the first housing 2 and the external spline 101 of the first central shaft 1 are not limited to the implementation structures described in the embodiment, and the specific structural forms of the external spline 101 and the internal spline 201 may refer to the detailed description of the related art, and may not be specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application herein.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1, in the drilling shock absorbing and torsion absorbing drill, the sheath 3 is attached to the second housing 6, and an upper end surface and a lower end surface of the sheath 3 can abut against the first step surface 202 and an upper end surface of the elastic member 5, respectively.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the drilling shock absorber and torsion drill further comprises: the anti-falling block 4;
the first central shaft 1 is provided with an anti-falling block accommodating groove (not labeled in the figure) in a partial area of the external spline 101, the anti-falling block 4 is arranged in the anti-falling block accommodating groove, and the anti-falling block 4 is in contact with the sheath 3.
In this embodiment, for convenience in installation, the anti-drop block 4 may be formed of two symmetrical semicircular ring structures. Of course, the anti-drop block 4 is not limited to the two symmetrical semicircular ring structures, and may be other suitable implementation structures.
In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the outer side wall of the anti-falling block 4 contacts the sheath 3, and by arranging the anti-falling block 4, when the first central shaft 1 is forced to move axially, the movement stroke of the first central shaft 1 can be limited, because the bottom of the sheath 3 abuts against the elastic member 5, when the first central shaft 1 moves downward, the lower part of the anti-falling block 4 contacts the bottom of the sheath 3, namely, is blocked by the elastic member 5, so as to prevent the first central shaft 1 from continuing to fall downward from the housing assembly, and when the first central shaft 1 moves upward, the upper part of the anti-falling block 4 contacts the bottom of the first housing 2, namely, is blocked by the first housing 2, so that the upward movement can not be continued.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, an annular space (not labeled in the drawing) is formed between the first housing 2, the second housing 6 and the first central shaft 1, and the sheath 3, the anti-falling block 4 and the elastic member 5 are all disposed in the annular space. Referring to fig. 1, in order to ensure the sealing effect of the annular gap, a sealing ring 15 is further disposed between the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7, and the sealing effect of the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 is better by the sealing ring 15, so that the annular gap is prevented from communicating with the fluid passages 17 in the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a first dynamic seal 12 is further disposed between the first central shaft 1 and the first housing 2 to seal the annular gap. The specific implementation of the first dynamic seal 12 may be described in detail in the related art, and is not specifically limited herein.
In this embodiment, in order to be convenient for to this annular space oiling, well drilling shock attenuation swashing drilling tool still includes oiling cock body 13, and the upper portion of this first casing 2 still is provided with the oil filler point, oiling cock body 13 is fixed in the oil filler point. When oil injection is needed, the oil injection plug body 13 is taken down, oil is injected into the annular gap through the oil injection hole, and after oil injection is finished, the oil injection plug body 13 is fixed to the oil injection hole.
In an alternative embodiment, in the drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the housing assembly further comprises a third housing 10 connected to the second housing 6; the lower part of the second housing 6 is further provided with a stepped part 605, and the upper inner diameter of the third housing 10 is smaller than the lower inner diameter of the second housing 6 to form the annular groove 601.
In this embodiment, female threads are disposed on the lower portion of the second housing 6, male threads are disposed on the upper portion of the third housing 10, and the second housing 6 and the third housing 10 are in threaded connection and fixed. Specifically, the female screw thread at the lower part of the second housing 6 and the male screw thread at the upper part of the third housing 10 may be tapered screw threads.
In the embodiment of the present application, in order to realize dynamic sealing between the third housing 10 and the second central shaft 7, the third housing 10 has a structure in which an upper portion has a large inner diameter and a lower portion has a small inner diameter. Further, in order to ensure the sealing effect between the third housing 10 and the second central shaft 7, a second dynamic seal 16 is further provided between the third housing 10 and the second central shaft 7. The second dynamic seal 16 is specifically implemented with reference to the details of the related art, and is not specifically limited herein.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6A, a set of the above-mentioned annular grooves 601 is provided in the second housing 6, and the hammer body 8 is provided in the annular grooves 601. When the first housing 2 and the second housing 6 axially move relative to the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7, the second housing 6 drives the hammer 8 to move, and as the second central shaft 7 is provided with a plurality of groups of spiral ribs 701, the hammer 8 circumferentially rotates in the annular groove 601 under the driving of the spiral ribs 701, and when the distance of the axial movement of the first housing 2 and the second housing 6 relative to the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 reaches a preset distance, the first protruding part 802 of the hammer 8 knocks the second protruding part 602.
In some other embodiments, referring to fig. 6B, two sets of second protrusions 602 are symmetrically disposed in the annular groove 601 in the second housing 6, two sets of first protrusions 802 are symmetrically disposed on the corresponding ram body, when the first housing 2 and the second housing 6 move axially relative to the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7, the ram body 8 rotates circumferentially in the annular groove 601 under the driving of the spiral rib 701, and when the distance between the first housing 2 and the second housing 6 moving axially relative to the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 reaches a preset distance, the two sets of first protrusions 802 of the ram body 8 strike the two sets of second protrusions 602 symmetrically disposed, so that the two sides of the second housing bear torsional impact forces respectively, and the torsional impact forces are transmitted to the lower drilling tool downwards, thereby effectively relieving the stick-slip effect of the drill bit during drilling.
In the embodiment of the present application, in order to reduce the resistance of the impact hammer body 8 in circumferential rotation, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the impact hammer body 8 may be subjected to a chromium plating treatment.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the drilling shock absorber and torsion drill further comprises: a stop collar 9;
the limiting ring 9 is disposed in the annular groove 601, and an upper end surface and a lower end surface of the limiting ring 9 respectively contact the impact hammer 8 and an upper end surface of the second housing 6.
When the impact hammer body 8 is arranged in the annular groove 601, the limit ring 9 limits the groove position in the annular groove 601, limits the up-and-down movement amplitude of the impact hammer body 8 in the annular groove 601, and can enable the circumferential rotation of the impact hammer body 8 to be smoother.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the drilling shock absorber and torsion drill further comprises: a lower joint 11 fixedly connected with the third housing 10;
the lower joint 11 is used for connecting a lower drilling tool, and the inner diameter of the lower joint 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the second central shaft 7.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the second central shaft 7 at least partially extends into the lower joint 11. The connection of the drilling shock absorbing and torquing tool to the lower drilling tool is achieved by means of the lower joint 11. The lower drill comprises a drill bit, and the drilling shock absorbing and torque-absorbing tool can be directly mounted on the drill bit by adjusting the button of the lower joint 11. Since the inner diameter of the lower joint 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the second central shaft 7, the second central shaft 7 does not rub against the lower joint 11 when the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 axially move, so that the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 can move more smoothly.
The drilling shock-absorbing and torsion-absorbing tool provided by the embodiment of the application can be connected between an upper drilling tool and a lower drilling tool when being connected to the drilling tool for drilling operation, wherein the upper drilling tool can comprise at least one of a drill rod, a heavy drill rod, a drill collar and a non-magnetic drill collar, and the lower drilling tool can comprise a drill bit. The drilling vibration damping and twisting tool may be connected to the upper drill and the lower drill by a connection structure in a conventional art, for example, it may be that a screw connection portion of an upper portion of the first central shaft 1 of the drilling vibration damping and twisting tool is connected to the upper drill by a screw, and a lower portion of a connection head thereof is connected to the lower drill (e.g., a drill bit) by a double-headed nut. In order to make a clearer description of the working process of the drilling shock absorbing and twisting tool provided in the embodiment of the present application, the following describes in detail the working process of the drilling shock absorbing and twisting tool connected to the drilling tool, taking the drilling shock absorbing and twisting tool shown in fig. 1 as an example:
in the normal drilling process of the drilling tool, at this time, the drill bit connected to the lower part of the drilling shock absorbing and twisting tool does not vibrate obviously, the upper drilling tool connected to the drilling shock absorbing and twisting tool applies the weight on bit to the drilling shock absorbing and twisting tool, the weight on bit on the upper part is transferred to the first central shaft 1, so that the bottom end of the external spline 101 driving the first central shaft 1 presses the elastic piece 5 downwards, after the elastic piece 5 bears the pressing force, the weight on bit is transferred to the second step surface 603 formed on the upper end surface of the first boss 604 of the second shell 6, and a very small part of the weight on bit is absorbed. The second housing 6 receives the weight-on-bit transferred by the elastic member 5 and further transfers the weight-on-bit to the drill bit through the third housing 10, the lower sub 11. At this time, since the axial movement distances of the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 with respect to the first housing 2, the second housing 6, the third housing 10 and the lower joint 11 are small, the hammer 8 provided in the annular groove 601 of the second housing 6 is rotated by the screw rib 701 of the second central shaft 7 at a small angle in the circumferential direction, and the first protrusion 802 and the second protrusion 602 have a gap therebetween, and the first protrusion 802 does not strike the second protrusion 602; meanwhile, the upper drilling tool of the drilling shock-absorbing and torque-exciting tool transmits torque to the first central shaft 1, the external spline 101 in the middle of the first central shaft 1 transmits torque to the first shell 2 through the internal spline 201 structure of the first shell 2, and the first shell 2 transmits torque to the drill bit through the second shell 6, the third shell 10 and the lower joint 11; in addition, after the drilling fluid introduced through the upper drill enters the drilling vibration damping and twisting tool, the drilling fluid enters the drill bit through the first central shaft 1, the second central shaft 7 and the fluid passage 17 of the lower joint 11. Therefore, in the drilling process, the drilling shock-absorbing and torque-exciting tool realizes the transmission of drilling pressure and torque, ensures the continuity of drilling fluid circulation, and has the structure that the structure of the drilling shock-absorbing and torque-exciting tool does not influence the smooth running of drilling operation.
In the process of hard stratum drilling by the drilling tool, the rock breaking of the drill bit generates severe vibration, the vibration is transmitted to the drilling vibration damping and twisting tool through the drill bit, the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 in the drilling tool axially move relative to the first shell 2, the second shell 6, the third shell 10 and the lower joint 11 outside, the hammer body 8 is driven to rotate in the circumferential direction in the annular groove 601, and under the condition that the first protruding part 802 of the hammer body 8 knocks the second protruding part 602 in the annular groove 601, the second shell 6 is impacted, and the generated torsional impact force is transmitted to the drill bit at the lower part through the third shell 10 and the lower joint 11, so that the stick-slip effect of the drill bit during drilling is effectively relieved. Since the directions of axial movement of the first central shaft 1 and the second central shaft 7 relative to the first housing 2, the second housing 6, the third housing 10 and the lower joint 11 are different when the drill bit vibrates upward and downward, the direction of circumferential rotation of the hammer body 8 is different, and the following detailed description is given by the process of the drill bit vibrating upward and downward respectively:
when the upward vibration occurs, the lower joint 11 connected with the drill bit drives the first shell 2, the second shell 6 and the third shell 10 to vibrate upward, the second step surface 603 formed by the upper end surface of the first boss 604 in the middle of the second shell 6 extrudes the lower end surface of the elastic piece 5 upward, at this time, the first central shaft 1 bears the drilling pressure of the upper drill, and the bottom end of the external spline 101 in the middle of the first central shaft 1 extrudes the upper end surface of the elastic piece 5 downward. Thus, the elastic member 5 is compressed by the upper weight on bit and the lower upward shock impact force, and absorbs the lower instantaneous shock impact force. The elastic piece 5 absorbs a larger part of upward vibration impact force, so that further upward transmission of the vibration impact force is restrained, and the influence of vibration on the upper drilling tool is reduced; at the same time, since the shock impact force generated by the drill bit is damped at the elastic member 5, the shock impact received by the drill bit is damped. Because the elastic member 5 is in a certain compression state due to the upper weight-on-bit effect when no significant vibration occurs in the drill bit during normal drilling, the first housing 2, the second housing 6 and the third housing 10 instantaneously move upward relative to the first central shaft 1 at the moment of upward vibration, the impact hammer body 8 instantaneously moves upward due to the lower limiting ring 9, and simultaneously, the spiral groove 801 on the inner side of the impact hammer body 8 is driven by the multiple groups of spiral ribs 701 of the second central shaft 7 and instantaneously rotates a certain angle in the circumferential direction until the first protruding part 802 of the impact hammer body 8 strikes the second protruding part 602 of the annular groove 601, impact is generated on the second housing 6, and the generated torsional impact force is transmitted to the drill bit on the lower part through the third housing 10 and the lower joint 11, thereby effectively relieving the stick-slip effect when the drill bit is drilled.
When the downward vibration occurs, the lower connector 11 connected with the drill bit drives the first shell 2, the second shell 6 and the third shell 10 to vibrate downward, the lower end surface of the first shell 2 drives the sheath 3 to downwardly extrude the upper end surface of the elastic piece 5, and the lower end surface of the elastic piece 5 is limited by the second central shaft 7 to generate compression. In this way, the elastic member 5 compresses under the downward shock impact force and the limiting action and absorbs the lower instantaneous shock impact force. The elastic piece 5 absorbs a larger part of downward vibration impact force, so that further upward transmission of the vibration impact force is restrained, and the influence of vibration on the upper drilling tool is reduced; at the same time, since the shock impact force generated by the drill bit is damped at the elastic member 5, the shock impact received by the drill bit is damped. Because the elastic member 5 is in a certain compression state due to the upper bit pressure effect when the drill bit does not vibrate obviously during normal drilling, the first shell 2, the second shell 6 and the third shell 10 move downwards instantaneously relative to the first central shaft 1 at the moment of downward vibration, the upper part of the hammer body 8 moves downwards instantaneously under the action of the annular groove 601, and meanwhile, the spiral groove 801 on the inner side of the hammer body 8 is driven by the plurality of groups of spiral ribs 701 of the second central shaft 7 and rotates for a certain angle instantaneously in the circumferential direction until the first protruding part 802 of the hammer body 8 hits the second protruding part 602 of the annular groove 601, impact is generated on the second shell 6, and the generated torsional impact force is transmitted to the drill bit on the lower part through the third shell 10 and the lower joint 11, so that the stick-slip effect of the drill bit during drilling is effectively relieved.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a drilling device, including an upper drilling tool, a lower drilling tool, and the drilling shock absorbing and torsion absorbing drilling tool described in the first embodiment;
the drilling shock-absorbing torsion-absorbing drilling tool is respectively connected with the upper drilling tool and the lower drilling tool.
Wherein the upper drilling tool may comprise at least one of a drill pipe, a weighted drill pipe, a drill collar, a non-magnetic drill collar, and the lower drilling tool may comprise a drill bit.
In a specific embodiment, the upper drilling tool comprises a drill rod, a weighted drill rod, a drill collar and a non-magnetic drill collar, and the lower drilling tool comprises a drill bit, so that after the drill rod, the weighted drill rod, the drill collar and the non-magnetic drill collar are sequentially connected, a threaded connection part at the upper part of a first central shaft 1 of the drilling vibration damping and torque-exciting tool is connected with the non-magnetic drill collar through a screw rod, and the lower part of a connector of the drilling vibration damping and torque-exciting tool is connected with the drill bit through a double-headed nut.
In this embodiment, the specific implementation manner of the drilling shock absorber and the torsional drilling tool may refer to the detailed description in embodiment 1, the specific implementation manner of the upper drilling tool and the lower drilling tool may refer to the corresponding description in the related art, and the specific working process of the drilling device may refer to the detailed description of the drilling shock absorber and the torsional drilling tool in the embodiment, which will not be described in detail herein.
Example III
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides the application of the drilling shock-absorbing torsion-absorbing drilling tool in drilling.
In this embodiment, a specific implementation manner of the drilling shock absorber and the torque absorber drilling tool has been described in detail in the first embodiment, and a specific structure and an implementation process thereof may refer to the related description in the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.
The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, as used in the specification or claims, the term "comprising" is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".
Claims (12)
1. A drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool comprising: the device comprises a shell assembly, a central shaft assembly, a sheath, an elastic piece and a hammer body;
the central shaft assembly is in dynamic seal fit with the shell assembly, the central shaft assembly is provided with an external spline, the shell assembly is correspondingly provided with an internal spline, and the internal spline is matched with the external spline;
the elastic piece surrounds the central shaft assembly, the shell assembly is provided with a first step surface and a second step surface, and the central shaft assembly is provided with a third step surface;
the sheath is attached to the shell assembly, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the sheath can be respectively abutted against the first step face and the upper end face of the elastic piece;
the upper end face of the elastic piece can be abutted against the lower end face of the external spline, and the lower end face of the elastic piece can be abutted against the second step face and the third step face;
the central shaft assembly is provided with a spiral edge, the impact hammer body is of an annular structure, the impact hammer body is provided with a spiral groove corresponding to the spiral edge, the impact hammer body is provided with a first protruding part, the shell assembly comprises an annular groove, the impact hammer body is arranged in the annular groove, and the annular groove is provided with a second protruding part;
the impact hammer body can axially move relative to the central shaft assembly under the drive of the shell assembly and circumferentially rotate in the annular groove under the drive of the spiral rib, so that impact is generated on the shell assembly under the condition that the first protruding portion knocks the second protruding portion.
2. The drilling shock absorbing torsional device of claim 1, wherein the central shaft assembly comprises a first central shaft and a second central shaft fixedly connected;
a through fluid channel is arranged in the first central shaft and the second central shaft;
the first central shaft is provided with the external spline;
the second central shaft is provided with the spiral rib;
the lower outer diameter of the first central shaft is smaller than the upper outer diameter of the second central shaft to form the third step surface.
3. The drilling shock absorbing torsional device of claim 2, wherein the housing assembly comprises first and second housings connected;
the inner diameter of the lower part of the first shell is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper part of the second shell so as to form the first step surface;
the middle part of second casing is provided with first boss, the up end of first boss forms the second step face.
4. A drilling shock absorbing torsional drill according to claim 3, wherein the sheath is attached to the second housing, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the sheath are respectively capable of abutting the first step surface and the upper end surface of the elastic member.
5. The drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool as recited in claim 4, further comprising: anti-falling blocks;
the first center shaft is provided with the partial area of external spline is provided with prevents falling the piece holding tank, prevent falling the piece set up in prevent falling the piece holding tank, just prevent falling the piece with the sheath contacts.
6. The drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool of claim 3, wherein the housing assembly further comprises a third housing coupled to the second housing; the lower part of the second shell is also provided with a step part, and the inner diameter of the upper part of the third shell is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower part of the second shell so as to form the annular groove.
7. The drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool of claim 3, further comprising: a limiting ring;
the limiting ring is arranged in the annular groove, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the limiting ring are respectively contacted with the upper end faces of the hammer body and the third shell.
8. The drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool of claim 3, further comprising: a lower joint fixedly connected with the third shell;
the lower joint is used for connecting a lower drilling tool, and the inner diameter of the lower joint is larger than the outer diameter of the second central shaft.
9. The drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool of claim 3, further comprising: a first dynamic seal and a second dynamic seal;
the first dynamic seal member is arranged between the first shell and the first central shaft;
the second dynamic seal is disposed between the third housing and the second central shaft.
10. The drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool as defined in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the upper and lower end surfaces of the ram are chrome plated surfaces.
11. A drilling apparatus comprising an upper drill, a lower drill, and a drilling shock absorber and torque drill according to any one of claims 1 to 10;
the drilling shock-absorbing torsion-absorbing drilling tool is respectively connected with the upper drilling tool and the lower drilling tool.
12. Use of a drilling shock absorbing torsional drilling tool as defined in any of claims 1-10 in drilling.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211119818.6A CN117738595A (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | Drilling shock-absorbing torsion drilling tool, drilling device and application |
| PCT/CN2023/118447 WO2024055975A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2023-09-13 | Self-excited torsional drilling tool for shock absorbing during drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211119818.6A CN117738595A (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | Drilling shock-absorbing torsion drilling tool, drilling device and application |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117738595A true CN117738595A (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211119818.6A Pending CN117738595A (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | Drilling shock-absorbing torsion drilling tool, drilling device and application |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117738595A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024055975A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7096980B2 (en) * | 2002-12-07 | 2006-08-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Rotary impact well drilling system and method |
| CN103075097A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-05-01 | 西南石油大学 | Torsional impact drilling acceleration tool |
| CN104499941B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-10-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method of longitudinal vibration of drilling string is converted into the device of drill bit torsional pulse |
| CN106150348B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2018-04-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of mechanical torsional impact drilling tool |
| CN108166928B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-04-12 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Compound speed-raising helicoid hydraulic motor with axial vibration and rotational vibration function |
-
2022
- 2022-09-15 CN CN202211119818.6A patent/CN117738595A/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-09-13 WO PCT/CN2023/118447 patent/WO2024055975A1/en unknown
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| WO2024055975A1 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
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