CN112196934A - Multi-dimensional composite shock absorber - Google Patents
Multi-dimensional composite shock absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN112196934A CN112196934A CN202011071958.1A CN202011071958A CN112196934A CN 112196934 A CN112196934 A CN 112196934A CN 202011071958 A CN202011071958 A CN 202011071958A CN 112196934 A CN112196934 A CN 112196934A
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- ring
- piston
- sealing ring
- damping
- joint
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/002—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising at least one fluid spring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
- E21B17/076—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers between rod or pipe and drill bit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F5/00—Liquid springs in which the liquid works as a spring by compression, e.g. combined with throttling action; Combinations of devices including liquid springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
- F16F2222/12—Fluid damping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/30—Sealing arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/42—Multiple pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2236/00—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements
- F16F2236/12—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements loaded in combined stresses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling tools, and particularly relates to a multi-dimensional composite shock absorber which comprises a spline mandrel, a key cylinder joint, a centering ring, a spline cylinder, a disc plug shell, an anti-drop semi-ring, a wear-resisting ring, a disc spring, a punching resistance pipe, a piston sleeve, a balance piston, a limiting lock nut, a hole check ring, a damping piston, a damping joint, a radial shock absorber, a dust ring, a first lip-shaped sealing ring, a large sealing plug, a small BA sealing ring, a large BA sealing ring, a first O-shaped sealing ring, a piston dust ring, a second O-shaped seal, a second lip-shaped sealing ring and a small sealing plug. The tool adopts a structure mode of combining axial vibration reduction and radial vibration reduction, thereby realizing the effect of multi-dimensional vibration reduction, effectively reducing the vibration damage and fatigue damage of a drill bit, a drilling tool and ground equipment, and achieving the purposes of improving the drilling speed and reducing the drilling cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling tools, and particularly relates to a multi-dimensional composite shock absorber.
Background
During the drilling process of petroleum, natural gas and geology, hard rock layers are frequently drilled, and due to the fact that the well bottom is uneven, teeth of a drill bit are pressed into the rock intermittently, the rock is broken intermittently, and a drill string whirls around the center of a well hole, longitudinal vibration, transverse vibration and torsional vibration can occur in the drill string. When the longitudinal vibration frequency of the drill bit coincides with the natural frequency of the drilling tool, the phenomenon of bit jump occurs. When the drill is tripped, the drill bit leaves the rock at the bottom of the well and drives the drill bit to move upwards together, and then the drill bit and the rock fall from the highest point to the bottom of the well together to generate larger damaged movement inertia. In addition, drilling motors, pumped drilling fluids, imbalance of the drill string, and other elements can also generate vibrations, which can cause premature failures of the drill string and the screw, such as bit damage (teeth and bearings damage), drill tool damage (fracture and thread loosening), and cause engineering accidents, even scrapping of the well; severe vibration and shock also reduce the rate of penetration and even greatly reduce the contact between the drill bit and the rock downhole. Drillers control drill string vibration by varying the rotational speed, weight on bit, but these measures do not effectively reduce vibration, but rather reduce drilling efficiency. In particular, where the drill bit is designed for a predetermined range of rotational speeds and weight on bit, drilling at points that deviate from the design point of the drill bit will reduce drill bit performance and shorten drill bit life. The effective measure for reducing drilling vibration and preventing drill jumping is to install a vibration damper between a drill bit and a drilling tool, while the conventional vibration damper only has an axial vibration damping function and does not have radial vibration damping, so that the overall vibration damping effect in a borehole is poor, and the multi-directional vibration damping function cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-dimensional compound damper to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multi-dimensional compound shock absorber characterized in that: the anti-dropping device comprises a spline mandrel, a key cylinder joint, a centering ring, a spline cylinder, a disc plug shell, an anti-dropping semi-ring, a wear-resisting ring, a disc spring, a resistance-punching pipe, a piston sleeve, a balance piston, a limiting lock nut, a hole retainer ring, a damping piston, a damping joint, a radial shock absorber, a dust-proof ring, a first lip-shaped sealing ring, a large sealing plug, a small sealing ring BA, a large sealing ring BA, a first O-shaped sealing ring, a piston dust-proof ring, a second O-shaped seal, a second lip-shaped sealing ring and a small sealing plug; the dustproof ring, the first lip-shaped sealing ring and the centering ring are sequentially arranged in the key cylinder joint, the key cylinder joint is connected with the female buckle end of the spline cylinder body, the anti-falling semi-ring and the wear-resistant ring are sequentially arranged on the spline mandrel, the spline cylinder is arranged on the spline mandrel, the disc spring is arranged on the spline mandrel, the punch resistance pipe is connected with the spline mandrel, the piston sleeve is arranged in the disc plug shell in a hot mode, the disc plug shell is connected with the spline cylinder, the small BA sealing ring and the large BA sealing ring are arranged in the balance piston, the balance piston is arranged in the resistance punching pipe, the limit lock nut is connected with the resistance punching pipe, the piston dust ring, the second O-shaped sealing ring and the lip-shaped sealing ring are respectively arranged in the damping piston, the damping piston is arranged in the damping joint, the hole retainer ring is arranged in the damping joint, the damping joint is connected with the disc plug shell, and the damping joint is connected with the radial shock absorber; the large sealing plug is connected with the disc plug shell, and the small sealing plug is connected with the damping joint.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the tool is internally provided with the semi-ring anti-falling righting device, so that the tool is safer and more reliable to use.
2. The pressure inside the tool is dynamically balanced with the pressure inside the drill string, eliminating the effect of the hydrostatic pressure downhole. The tool has excellent reliability, stability and temperature resistance.
3. The tool adopts a damping cavity vibration reduction structure, so that the liquid flow of the non-compressed liquid in the damping cavity flows through the damping annular gap at high speed, a large amount of friction heat is generated, and part of vibration and impact energy is dissipated
4. The tool has good stability, three-point lateral support is arranged in the tool, and the tool deflection can be reduced to the maximum extent
4. The tool adopts a structure mode of combining axial vibration reduction and radial vibration reduction, thereby realizing the effect of multi-dimensional vibration reduction, effectively reducing the vibration damage and fatigue damage of a drill bit, a drilling tool and ground equipment, and achieving the purposes of improving the drilling speed and reducing the drilling cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the radial damper of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a multi-dimensional composite shock absorber includes a spline mandrel 1, a key cylinder joint 2, a centering ring 3, a spline cylinder 4, a disc plug housing 5, a drop-proof half ring 6, a wear-resistant ring 7, a disc spring 8, a thrust pipe 9, a piston sleeve 10, a balance piston 11, a limit lock nut 12, a hole retainer ring 13, a damping piston 14, a damping joint 15, a radial shock absorber 16, a dust ring S1, a first lip seal S2, a large seal plug S3, a small BA seal S4, a large BA seal S5, a first O-shaped seal S6, a piston dust ring S7, a second O-shaped seal S8, a second lip seal S9 and a small seal plug S10; the dustproof ring, the first lip-shaped sealing ring and the centering ring are sequentially arranged in the key cylinder joint, the key cylinder joint is connected with the female buckle end of the spline cylinder body, the anti-falling semi-ring and the wear-resistant ring are sequentially arranged on the spline mandrel, the spline cylinder is arranged on the spline mandrel, the disc spring is arranged on the spline mandrel, the punch resistance pipe is connected with the spline mandrel, the piston sleeve is arranged in the disc plug shell in a hot mode, the disc plug shell is connected with the spline cylinder, the small BA sealing ring and the large BA sealing ring are arranged in the balance piston, the balance piston is arranged in the resistance punching pipe, the limit lock nut is connected with the resistance punching pipe, the piston dust ring, the second O-shaped sealing ring and the lip-shaped sealing ring are respectively arranged in the damping piston, the damping piston is arranged in the damping joint, the hole retainer ring is arranged in the damping joint, the damping joint is connected with the disc plug shell, and the damping joint is connected with the radial shock absorber; the large sealing plug is connected with the disc plug shell, and the small sealing plug is connected with the damping joint. The multidimensional vibration absorber absorbs and slows down axial and radial impact vibration and impact load on a drill string through compressible silicon oil, a disc spring, a liquid damping cavity and a radial vibration-absorbing centralizer, and reduces damage of vibration to a drilling tool and ground equipment. Longitudinal vibration and impact load of the drilling tool act on the liquid disc spring through the piston, and when the load is increased (or decreased), the volume of the liquid disc spring is compressed (or expanded); when the high-speed liquid passes through the damping chamber, another part of the vibration and impact energy consumes a certain amount of impact energy due to frictional heating. The transverse vibration of the drilling tool breaks resonance and reduces the transverse vibration and impact of the drill string through the radial vibration reduction centralizer, stick-slip vibration is reduced better, the transverse vibration frequency generated in the drilling process can be reduced greatly, the mechanical drilling speed is improved to the maximum extent, and the service life of the drill bit/BHA is prolonged.
The working principle of the multi-dimensional shock absorber is as follows:
the multi-dimensional vibration absorber mainly comprises an axial vibration absorber and a radial vibration absorber, and the multi-dimensional vibration absorber are realized by utilizing the characteristics of two vibration absorbing tools.
The axial vibration damper is mainly composed of a spline mandrel, a balance piston, an annular gap damping mechanism of a damping cavity, a liquid disc spring of a working cavity and the like. The working principle of the device is mainly that the compressible liquid of the working cavity generates elastic deformation under the action of pressure to absorb or release the vibration energy of the drill bit and the drill string. When the liquid disc spring is in the compression or extension process, the mandrel moves axially relative to the outer cylinder. Meanwhile, the liquid flow of the non-compressed liquid in the damping cavity flows through the damping annular gap at a high speed, a large amount of friction heat is generated, and part of vibration and impact energy is dissipated. Therefore, the longitudinal vibration damping mechanism can absorb or damp the longitudinal vibration and impact energy of the drilling tool.
Radial shock absorber: the eccentric single-piece tool is an eccentric single-piece tool, and a vibration damping method of a drill string is realized by utilizing the eccentricity of two wings. By introducing synchronous rotation of the forward drilling tool into the portion of the radial damped centralizer tool near the BHA, stick-slip tendencies are reduced and lateral shock is suppressed. Can absorb the bad vibration and torque, thereby reducing the stick-slip and torsional vibration to the maximum extent. It can also be used as a lateral damper when drilling in combination. By breaking resonance and reducing the transverse vibration of the drill string, stick-slip vibration is better reduced, the vibration frequency generated in the drilling process can be greatly reduced, destructive vibration is reliably reduced, ROP is furthest improved, and the service life of the drill bit/BHA is prolonged.
The technical advantages are as follows:
the multi-dimensional vibration reduction is realized through the disc spring, the damping cavity and the radial vibration absorber, the underground tool fault caused by vibration is reduced, and the drilling tool is protected. Inhibiting harmful impact and vibration; reducing vibration and fatigue damage of the drilling tool; reducing drill bit wear and impact damage; the thread loosening and tripping of the screw drill is reduced; the damage of sensitive electronic elements is reduced 2. the disc spring reduces vibration and reduces the influence on the drill bit; the bit pressure transmission is effectively improved; the mechanical drilling speed is effectively improved; 3. the performance of the reaming tool is improved; improving the quality of the well bore; 4. compatible with PDC bits and roller cone bits.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A multi-dimensional compound shock absorber characterized in that: the anti-dropping device comprises a spline mandrel, a key cylinder joint, a centering ring, a spline cylinder, a disc plug shell, an anti-dropping semi-ring, a wear-resisting ring, a disc spring, a resistance-punching pipe, a piston sleeve, a balance piston, a limiting lock nut, a hole retainer ring, a damping piston, a damping joint, a radial shock absorber, a dust-proof ring, a first lip-shaped sealing ring, a large sealing plug, a small sealing ring BA, a large sealing ring BA, a first O-shaped sealing ring, a piston dust-proof ring, a second O-shaped seal, a second lip-shaped sealing ring and a small sealing plug; the dustproof ring, the first lip-shaped sealing ring and the centering ring are sequentially arranged in the key cylinder joint, the key cylinder joint is connected with the female buckle end of the spline cylinder body, the anti-falling semi-ring and the wear-resistant ring are sequentially arranged on the spline mandrel, the spline cylinder is arranged on the spline mandrel, the disc spring is arranged on the spline mandrel, the punch resistance pipe is connected with the spline mandrel, the piston sleeve is arranged in the disc plug shell in a hot mode, the disc plug shell is connected with the spline cylinder, the small BA sealing ring and the large BA sealing ring are arranged in the balance piston, the balance piston is arranged in the resistance punching pipe, the limit lock nut is connected with the resistance punching pipe, the piston dust ring, the second O-shaped sealing ring and the lip-shaped sealing ring are respectively arranged in the damping piston, the damping piston is arranged in the damping joint, the hole retainer ring is arranged in the damping joint, the damping joint is connected with the disc plug shell, and the damping joint is connected with the radial shock absorber; the large sealing plug is connected with the disc plug shell, and the small sealing plug is connected with the damping joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011071958.1A CN112196934A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Multi-dimensional composite shock absorber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011071958.1A CN112196934A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Multi-dimensional composite shock absorber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112196934A true CN112196934A (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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ID=74014105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011071958.1A Pending CN112196934A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Multi-dimensional composite shock absorber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112196934A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113389490A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-14 | 长江大学 | Drilling tool anti-sticking bores protection device |
-
2020
- 2020-10-09 CN CN202011071958.1A patent/CN112196934A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113389490A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-14 | 长江大学 | Drilling tool anti-sticking bores protection device |
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